176 lines
3.8 KiB
Groff
176 lines
3.8 KiB
Groff
.\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE! It was generated by help2man 1.50.1.
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.TH DD "1" "April 2025" "GNU coreutils 9.7" "User Commands"
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.SH NAME
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dd \- convert and copy a file
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B dd
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[\fI\,OPERAND\/\fR]...
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.br
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.B dd
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\fI\,OPTION\/\fR
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.\" Add any additional description here
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.PP
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Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.
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.TP
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bs=BYTES
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read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512);
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overrides ibs and obs
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.TP
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cbs=BYTES
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convert BYTES bytes at a time
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.TP
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conv=CONVS
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convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list
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.TP
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count=N
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copy only N input blocks
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.TP
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ibs=BYTES
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read up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
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.TP
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if=FILE
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read from FILE instead of stdin
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.TP
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iflag=FLAGS
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read as per the comma separated symbol list
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.TP
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obs=BYTES
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write BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
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.TP
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of=FILE
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write to FILE instead of stdout
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.TP
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oflag=FLAGS
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write as per the comma separated symbol list
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.TP
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seek=N
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(or oseek=N) skip N obs\-sized output blocks
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.TP
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skip=N
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(or iseek=N) skip N ibs\-sized input blocks
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.TP
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status=LEVEL
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The LEVEL of information to print to stderr;
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\&'none' suppresses everything but error messages,
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\&'noxfer' suppresses the final transfer statistics,
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\&'progress' shows periodic transfer statistics
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.PP
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N and BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes:
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c=1, w=2, b=512, kB=1000, K=1024, MB=1000*1000, M=1024*1024, xM=M,
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GB=1000*1000*1000, G=1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y, R, Q.
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Binary prefixes can be used, too: KiB=K, MiB=M, and so on.
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If N ends in 'B', it counts bytes not blocks.
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.PP
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Each CONV symbol may be:
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.TP
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ascii
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from EBCDIC to ASCII
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.TP
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ebcdic
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from ASCII to EBCDIC
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.TP
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ibm
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from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC
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.TP
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block
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pad newline\-terminated records with spaces to cbs\-size
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.TP
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unblock
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replace trailing spaces in cbs\-size records with newline
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.TP
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lcase
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change upper case to lower case
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.TP
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ucase
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change lower case to upper case
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.TP
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sparse
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try to seek rather than write all\-NUL output blocks
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.TP
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swab
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swap every pair of input bytes
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.TP
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sync
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pad every input block with NULs to ibs\-size; when used
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with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs
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.TP
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excl
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fail if the output file already exists
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.TP
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nocreat
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do not create the output file
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.TP
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notrunc
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do not truncate the output file
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.TP
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noerror
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continue after read errors
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.TP
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fdatasync
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physically write output file data before finishing
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.TP
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fsync
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likewise, but also write metadata
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.PP
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Each FLAG symbol may be:
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.TP
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append
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append mode (makes sense only for output; conv=notrunc suggested)
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.TP
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direct
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use direct I/O for data
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.TP
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directory
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fail unless a directory
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.TP
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dsync
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use synchronized I/O for data
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.TP
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sync
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likewise, but also for metadata
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.TP
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fullblock
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accumulate full blocks of input (iflag only)
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.TP
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nonblock
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use non\-blocking I/O
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.TP
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noatime
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do not update access time
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.TP
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nocache
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Request to drop cache. See also oflag=sync
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.TP
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noctty
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do not assign controlling terminal from file
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.TP
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nofollow
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do not follow symlinks
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.PP
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Sending a USR1 signal to a running 'dd' process makes it
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print I/O statistics to standard error and then resume copying.
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.PP
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Options are:
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.TP
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\fB\-\-help\fR
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display this help and exit
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.TP
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\fB\-\-version\fR
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output version information and exit
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.SH AUTHOR
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Written by Paul Rubin, David MacKenzie, and Stuart Kemp.
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.SH "REPORTING BUGS"
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GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
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.br
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Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
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.SH COPYRIGHT
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Copyright \(co 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
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.br
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This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
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There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/dd>
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.br
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or available locally via: info \(aq(coreutils) dd invocation\(aq
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