235 lines
8 KiB
Groff
235 lines
8 KiB
Groff
'\" t
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.\" Title: newusers
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.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
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.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
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.\" Date: 19/03/2025
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.\" Manual: System Management Commands
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.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.17.4
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.\" Language: French
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.\"
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.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "19/03/2025" "shadow\-utils 4\&.17\&.4" "System Management Commands"
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * Define some portability stuff
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
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.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
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.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
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.el .ds Aq '
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * set default formatting
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" disable hyphenation
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.nh
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.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
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.ad l
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
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.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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.SH "NOM"
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newusers \- Mettre \(`a jour, ou cr\('eer de nouveaux utilisateurs par lots
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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.HP \w'\fBnewusers\fR\ 'u
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\fBnewusers\fR [\fIoptions\fR] [\fIfile\fR]
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.PP
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The
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\fBnewusers\fR
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command reads a
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\fIfile\fR
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(or the standard input by default) and uses this information to update a set of existing users or to create new users\&. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see
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\fBpasswd\fR(5)) with the exceptions explained below:
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.PP
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pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell
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.PP
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\fIpw_name\fR
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.RS 4
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C\*(Aqest le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&.
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.sp
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It can be the name of a new user or the name of an existing user (or a user created before by
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\fBnewusers\fR)\&. In case of an existing user, the user\*(Aqs information will be changed, otherwise a new user will be created\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fIpw_passwd\fR
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.RS 4
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Ce champ sera chiffr\('e et utilis\('e comme nouvelle valeur du mot de passe chiffr\('e\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fIpw_uid\fR
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.RS 4
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Ce champ est utilis\('e pour d\('efinir l\*(AqUID de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&.
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.sp
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If the field is empty, a new (unused) UID will be defined automatically by
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\fBnewusers\fR\&.
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.sp
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Si ce champ contient un nombre, ce nombre sera utilis\('e comme UID\&.
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.sp
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If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user created before by
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\fBnewusers\fR), the UID of the specified user will be used\&.
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.sp
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Si l\*(AqUID d\*(Aqun utilisateur existant est modifi\('e, vous devrez configurer vous\-m\(^eme le propri\('etaire des fichiers de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fIpw_gid\fR
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.RS 4
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Ce champ est utilis\('e pour d\('efinir l\*(Aqidentifiant du groupe primaire de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&.
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.sp
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If this field contains the name of an existing group (or a group created before by
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\fBnewusers\fR), the GID of this group will be used as the primary group ID for the user\&.
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.sp
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Si ce champ est un nombre, ce nombre sera utilis\('e comme identifiant de groupe primaire de cet utilisateur\&. Si aucun groupe n\*(Aqexiste avec ce GID, un nouveau groupe sera cr\('e\('e avec ce GID et le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&.
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.sp
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If this field is empty, a new group will be created with the name of the user and a GID will be automatically defined by
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\fBnewusers\fR
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to be used as the primary group ID for the user and as the GID for the new group\&.
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.sp
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If this field contains the name of a group which does not exist (and was not created before by
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\fBnewusers\fR), a new group will be created with the specified name and a GID will be automatically defined by
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\fBnewusers\fR
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to be used as the primary group ID for the user and GID for the new group\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fIpw_gecos\fR
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.RS 4
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Ce champ est copi\('e dans le champ GECOS de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fIpw_dir\fR
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.RS 4
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Ce champ est utilis\('e pour d\('efinir le r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&.
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.sp
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If this field does not specify an existing directory, the specified directory is created, with ownership set to the user being created or updated and its primary group\&. Note that
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\fInewusers does not create parent directories \fR
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of the new user\*(Aqs home directory\&. The newusers command will fail to create the home directory if the parent directories do not exist, and will send a message to stderr informing the user of the failure\&. The newusers command will not halt or return a failure to the calling shell if it fails to create the home directory, it will continue to process the batch of new users specified\&.
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.sp
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If the home directory of an existing user is changed,
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\fBnewusers\fR
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does not move or copy the content of the old directory to the new location\&. This should be done manually\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fIpw_shell\fR
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.RS 4
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Ce champ d\('efinit l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commande de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Aucune v\('erification n\*(Aqest effectu\('ee sur ce champ\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBnewusers\fR
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first tries to create or change all the specified users, and then write these changes to the user or group databases\&. If an error occurs (except in the final writes to the databases), no changes are committed to the databases\&.
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.PP
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Cette commande a \('et\('e con\(,cue pour les gros syst\(`emes pour lesquels un grand nombre de comptes sont mis \(`a jour en m\(^eme temps\&.
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.SH "OPTIONS"
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.PP
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The options which apply to the
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\fBnewusers\fR
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command are:
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.PP
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\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \&
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.RS 4
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Allow names that do not conform to standards\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR
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.RS 4
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Utiliser la m\('ethode pr\('ecis\('ee pour chiffrer les mots de passe\&.
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.sp
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Les m\('ethodes disponibles sont DES, MD5, NONE et SHA256 ou SHA512 si votre libc prend en charge ces m\('ethodes\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
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.RS 4
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Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-system\fR
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.RS 4
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Cr\('eer un compte syst\(`eme\&.
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.sp
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System users will be created with no aging information in
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/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the
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\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR
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range, defined in
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login\&.defs, instead of
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\fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR
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(and their
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\fBGID\fR
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counterparts for the creation of groups)\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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.RS 4
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Apply changes in the
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\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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directory and use the configuration files from the
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\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
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directory\&. Only absolute paths are supported\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR
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.RS 4
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Utiliser le nombre de rounds pr\('ecis\('e pour chiffrer les mots de passe\&.
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.sp
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You can only use this option with crypt method:
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\fISHA256\fR \fISHA512\fR
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.sp
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By default, the number of rounds for SHA256 or SHA512 is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in
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/etc/login\&.defs\&.
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.sp
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A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced for SHA256 and SHA512\&. The default is 5000\&.
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.RE
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.SH "AVERTISSEMENTS"
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.PP
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Le fichier d\*(Aqentr\('ee doit \(^etre correctement prot\('eg\('e puisqu\*(Aqil contient des mots de passe en clair\&.
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.PP
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Vous devez vous assurer que les mots de passe et la m\('ethode de chiffrement respectent la politique de mot de passe du syst\(`eme\&.
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.SH "CONFIGURATION"
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.PP
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The following configuration variables in
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/etc/login\&.defs
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change the behavior of this tool:
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.SH "FICHIERS"
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.PP
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/etc/passwd
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.RS 4
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Informations sur les comptes des utilisateurs\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/shadow
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.RS 4
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Informations s\('ecuris\('ees sur les comptes utilisateurs\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/group
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.RS 4
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Informations sur les groupes\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/gshadow
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.RS 4
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Informations s\('ecuris\('ees sur les groupes\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/login\&.defs
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.RS 4
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Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \&\(Fc\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/subgid
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.RS 4
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IDs des groupes subalternes d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&.
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.RE
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.PP
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/etc/subuid
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.RS 4
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IDs de utilisateurs subalternes d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&.
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.RE
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.SH "VOIR AUSSI"
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.PP
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\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
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\fBpasswd\fR(1),
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\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5),
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\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&.
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