//po4a: entry man manual
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SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

Copyright (c) 2024 Robin Jarry

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= bits(1)
:doctype: manpage
:man manual: User Commands
:man source: util-linux {release-version}
:page-layout: base
:command: bits

== NAME

bits - convert bit masks from/to various formats

== SYNOPSIS

*bits* [*-h*] [*-V*] [*-w* _<NUM>_] [_<MODE>_] [_<MASK_OR_LIST>_...]

== DESCRIPTION

The *bits* utility converts bit masks into various formats. It supports
combining multiple masks together using bitwise operations.

== POSITIONAL ARGUMENTS

_<MASK_OR_LIST>_::
A set of bits specified as a hexadecimal mask value (e.g. _0xeec2_) or as
a comma-separated list of bit IDs.

If no argument is specified, the sets of bits will be read from standard input;
one group per line.

Consecutive ids can be compressed as ranges (e.g. _5,6,7,8,9,10_ -> _5-10_).

Optionally, if an argument starts with a comma, it will be parsed as a single
hexadecimal mask split in 32bit groups (e.g. _,00014000,00000000,00020000_ ->
_17,78,80_).

By default all groups will be OR'ed together. If a group has one of the
following prefixes, it will be combined with the resulting mask using
a different binary operation:

**&**__<MASK_OR_LIST>__::
The group will be combined with a binary AND operation. I.e. all bits that are
set to 1 in the group AND the combined groups so far will be preserved to 1.
All other bits will be reset to 0.

**^**__<MASK_OR_LIST>__::
The group will be combined with a binary XOR operation. I.e. all bits that are
set to 1 in the group AND to 0 the combined groups so far (or the other way
around) will be set to 1. Bits that are both to 1 or both to 0 will be reset to
0.

**~**__<MASK_OR_LIST>__::
All bits set to 1 in the group will be cleared (reset to 0) in the combined
groups so far.

== OPTIONS

*-w* __<NUM>__, *--width* __<NUM>__::
Maximum number of bits in the masks handled by *bits* (default __8192__). Any
bit larger than this number will be truncated.

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== CONVERSION MODE

One of the following conversion modes can be specified. If not specified, it
defaults to *-m*, *--mask*.

*-m*, *--mask*::
Print the combined args as a hexadecimal mask value (default).

*-g*, *--grouped-mask*::
Print the combined args as a hexadecimal mask value in 32bit comma separated
groups.

*-b*, *--binary*::
Print the combined args as a binary mask value.

*-l*, *--list*::
Print the combined args as a list of bit IDs. Consecutive IDs are compressed as
ranges.

== EXAMPLES

....
~$ bits --mask 4,5-8 16,30
0x400101f0

~$ bits --list 0xeec2
1,6,7,9-11,13-15

~$ bits --binary 4,5-8 16,30
0b100_0000_0000_0001_0000_0001_1111_0000

~$ bits --list ,00300000,03000000,30000003
0,1,28,29,56,57,84,85

~$ bits --list 1,2,3,4 ~3-10
1,2

~$ bits --list 1,2,3,4 ^3-10
1,2,5-10

~$ bits --grouped-mask 2,22,74,79
8400,00000000,00400004

~$ bits --width 64 --list 2,22,74,79
2,22
....

== AUTHORS

Robin Jarry.

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