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diff --git a/docs/manual/getting-started.html b/docs/manual/getting-started.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a1b5105 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/manual/getting-started.html @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +# GENERATED FROM XML -- DO NOT EDIT + +URI: getting-started.html.en +Content-Language: en +Content-type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 + +URI: getting-started.html.fr.utf8 +Content-Language: fr +Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 diff --git a/docs/manual/getting-started.html.en b/docs/manual/getting-started.html.en new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e58dc4f --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/manual/getting-started.html.en @@ -0,0 +1,252 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head> +<meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type" /> +<!-- + XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX + This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT + XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX + --> +<title>Getting Started - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title> +<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> +<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> +<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style/css/prettify.css" /> +<script src="./style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript"> +</script> + +<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> +<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"> +<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> +<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p> +<img alt="" src="./images/feather.png" /></div> +<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div> +<div id="path"> +<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.4</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Getting Started</h1> +<div class="toplang"> +<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/getting-started.html" title="English"> en </a> | +<a href="./fr/getting-started.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p> +</div> + +<p>If you're completely new to the Apache HTTP Server, or even to running +a website at all, you might not know where to start, or what questions to +ask. This document walks you through the basics.</p> +</div> +<div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#clientserver">Clients, Servers, and URLs</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#dns">Hostnames and DNS</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#configuration">Configuration Files and Directives</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#content">Web Site Content</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#logs">Log Files and Troubleshooting</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#other">What's next?</a></li> +</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> +<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="clientserver" id="clientserver">Clients, Servers, and URLs</a></h2> + + +<p> +Addresses on the Web are expressed with URLs - Uniform Resource Locators +- which specify a protocol (e.g. <code>http</code>), a servername (e.g. +<code>www.apache.org</code>), a URL-path (e.g. +<code>/docs/current/getting-started.html</code>), and possibly a query +string (e.g. <code>?arg=value</code>) used to pass additional +arguments to the server. +</p> + +<p>A client (e.g., a web browser) connects to a server (e.g., your Apache HTTP Server), +with the specified protocol, and makes a <strong>request</strong> for a resource using the +URL-path.</p> + +<p>The URL-path may represent any number of things on the server. It may +be a file (like <code>getting-started.html</code>) a handler (like <a href="mod/mod_status.html">server-status</a>) or some kind of program +file (like <code>index.php</code>). We'll discuss this more below in +the <a href="#content">Web Site Content</a> section.</p> + +<p> +The server will send a <strong>response</strong> consisting of a status +code and, optionally, a response body. +The status code indicates whether the request was successful, and, if not, what +kind of error condition there was. This tells the client what it should +do with the response. You can read about the possible response codes in +<a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/CommonHTTPStatusCodes">HTTP Server +wiki</a>.</p> + +<p>Details of the transaction, and any error conditions, are written to +log files. This is discussed in greater detail below in the <a href="#logs">Logs Files and Troubleshooting</a> section.</p> + +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="dns" id="dns">Hostnames and DNS</a></h2> + + +<p>In order to connect to a server, the client will first have to resolve +the servername to an IP address - the location on the Internet where the +server resides. Thus, in order for your web server to be reachable, it +is necessary that the servername be in DNS.</p> + +<p>If you don't know how to do this, you'll need to contact your network +administrator, or Internet service provider, to perform this step for +you.</p> + +<p>More than one hostname may point to the same IP address, and more +than one IP address can be attached to the same physical server. Thus, you +can run more than one web site on the same physical server, using a +feature called <a href="vhosts/">virtual hosts</a>.</p> + +<p>If you are testing a server that is not Internet-accessible, you +can put host names in your hosts file in order to do local resolution. +For example, you might want to put a record in your hosts file to map a +request for <code>www.example.com</code> to your local system, for +testing purposes. This entry would look like:</p> + +<div class="example"><p><code> +127.0.0.1 www.example.com +</code></p></div> + +<p>A hosts file will probably be located at <code>/etc/hosts</code> or +<code>C:\Windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts</code>.</p> + +<p>You can read more about the hosts file at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_(file)">Wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_(file)</a>, and +more about DNS at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System">Wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System</a>.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="configuration" id="configuration">Configuration Files and Directives</a></h2> + + +<p>The Apache HTTP Server is configured via simple text files. +These files may be located any of a variety of places, depending on how +exactly you installed the server. Common locations for these files may +be found <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/DistrosDefaultLayout">in +the httpd wiki</a>. If you installed httpd from source, the default +location of the configuration files is +<code>/usr/local/apache2/conf</code>. The default configuration file is +usually called <code>httpd.conf</code>. This, too, can vary in +third-party distributions of the server.</p> + +<p>The configuration is frequently broken into multiple smaller files, +for ease of management. These files are loaded via the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code> directive. The names or locations of +these sub-files are not magical, and may vary greatly from one +installation to another. Arrange and subdivide these files as +makes the most sense to <strong>you</strong>. If the file arrangement +you have by default doesn't make sense to you, feel free to rearrange it.</p> + +<p>The server is configured by placing <a href="mod/quickreference.html">configuration directives</a> in these +configuration files. A directive is a keyword followed by one or more +arguments that set its value.</p> + +<p>The question of "<em>Where should I put that +directive?</em>" is generally answered by considering where you want a +directive to be effective. If it is a global setting, it should appear +in the configuration file, outside of any <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>, or other section. If it is to +apply only to a particular directory, then it should go inside a +<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> section referring to +that directory, and so on. See the <a href="sections.html">Configuration +Sections</a> document for further discussion of these sections.</p> + +<p>In addition to the main configuration files, certain directives may go in +<code>.htaccess</code> files located in the content directories. +<code>.htaccess</code> files are primarily for people who do not have +access to the main server configuration file(s). You can read more about +<code>.htaccess</code> files in the <a href="howto/htaccess.html"><code>.htaccess</code> howto</a>.</p> + +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="content" id="content">Web Site Content</a></h2> + + +<p>Web site content can take many different forms, but may be broadly +divided into static and dynamic content.</p> + +<p>Static content is things like HTML files, image files, CSS files, +and other files that reside in the filesystem. The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directive specifies where in your +filesystem you should place these files. This directive is either set +globally, or per virtual host. Look in your configuration file(s) to +determine how this is set for your server.</p> + +<p>Typically, a document called <code>index.html</code> will be served +when a directory is requested without a file name being specified. For +example, if <code>DocumentRoot</code> is set to +<code>/var/www/html</code> and a request is made for +<code>http://www.example.com/work/</code>, the file +<code>/var/www/html/work/index.html</code> will be served to the +client.</p> + +<p>Dynamic content is anything that is generated at request +time, and may change from one request to another. There are numerous +ways that dynamic content may be generated. Various <a href="handler.html">handlers</a> are available to generate content. <a href="howto/cgi.html">CGI programs</a> may be written to generate +content for your site.</p> + +<p>Third-party modules like mod_php may be used to write code that does a +variety of things. Many third-party applications, written using a +variety of languages and tools, are available for download and +installation on your Apache HTTP Server. Support of these third-party +things is beyond the scope of this documentation, and you should find +their documentation or other support forums to answer your questions +about them.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="logs" id="logs">Log Files and Troubleshooting</a></h2> + +<p>As an Apache HTTP Server administrator, your most valuable assets are +the log files, and, in particular, the error log. Troubleshooting any +problem without the error log is like driving with your eyes closed.</p> + +<p>The location of the error log is defined by the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> directive, which may be set globally, +or per virtual host. Entries in the error log tell you what went wrong, +and when. They often also tell you how to fix it. Each error log message +contains an error code, which you can search for online for even more +detailed descriptions of how to address the problem. You can also +configure your error log to contain a log ID which you can then +correlate to an access log entry, so that you can determine what request +caused the error condition.</p> + +<p>You can read more about logging in the <a href="logs.html">logs +documentation</a>.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="other" id="other">What's next?</a></h2> + + +<p>Once you have the prerequisites under your belt, it's time to move +on.</p> + +<p>This document covers only the bare basics. We hope that this gets you +started, but there are many other things that you might need to +know.</p> + +<ul> +<li><a href="http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi">Download</a></li> +<li><a href="install.html">Install</a></li> +<li><a href="configuring.html">Configure</a></li> +<li><a href="invoking.html">Start</a></li> +<li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li> +</ul> + +</div></div> +<div class="bottomlang"> +<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/getting-started.html" title="English"> en </a> | +<a href="./fr/getting-started.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a></p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="./images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div> +<script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- +var comments_shortname = 'httpd'; +var comments_identifier = 'http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/getting-started.html'; +(function(w, d) { + if (w.location.hostname.toLowerCase() == "httpd.apache.org") { + d.write('<div id="comments_thread"><\/div>'); + var s = d.createElement('script'); + s.type = 'text/javascript'; + s.async = true; + s.src = 'https://comments.apache.org/show_comments.lua?site=' + comments_shortname + '&page=' + comments_identifier; + (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s); + } + else { + d.write('<div id="comments_thread">Comments are disabled for this page at the moment.<\/div>'); + } +})(window, document); +//--><!]]></script></div><div id="footer"> +<p class="apache">Copyright 2019 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p> +<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div><script type="text/javascript"><!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- +if (typeof(prettyPrint) !== 'undefined') { + prettyPrint(); +} +//--><!]]></script> +</body></html>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/manual/getting-started.html.fr.utf8 b/docs/manual/getting-started.html.fr.utf8 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6d33ab2 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/manual/getting-started.html.fr.utf8 @@ -0,0 +1,276 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"><head> +<meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" /> +<!-- + XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX + This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT + XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX + --> +<title>Pour dĂ©marrer - Serveur HTTP Apache Version 2.4</title> +<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> +<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> +<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style/css/prettify.css" /> +<script src="./style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript"> +</script> + +<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> +<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"> +<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossaire</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Plan du site</a></p> +<p class="apache">Serveur HTTP Apache Version 2.4</p> +<img alt="" src="./images/feather.png" /></div> +<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div> +<div id="path"> +<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">Serveur HTTP</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.4</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Pour dĂ©marrer</h1> +<div class="toplang"> +<p><span>Langues Disponibles: </span><a href="./en/getting-started.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English"> en </a> | +<a href="./fr/getting-started.html" title="Français"> fr </a></p> +</div> + +<p>Si vous ne connaissez rien au serveur HTTP Apache, ou mĂȘme au +fonctionnement d'un site web, vous vous demandez probablement par oĂč +commencer et quelles questions poser. Ce document vous permettra de +parcourir les bases du sujet.</p> +</div> +<div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#clientserver">Clients, serveurs et URLs</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#dns">Noms d'hĂŽte et DNS</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#configuration">Fichiers de configuration et directives</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#content">Contenu du site web</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#logs">Fichiers journaux et rĂ©solution des problĂšmes</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#other">Et maintenant, quelle est la suite des opĂ©rations ?</a></li> +</ul><h3>Voir aussi</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Commentaires</a></li></ul></div> +<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="clientserver" id="clientserver">Clients, serveurs et URLs</a></h2> + + +<p> +Les adresses des pages web sur la Toile se prĂ©sentent sous forme d'URLs +- Uniform Resource Locators - qui comportent un protocole (par + exemple <code>http</code>), un nom de serveur (par exemple + <code>www.apache.org</code>), un chemin (par exemple + <code>/docs/current/getting-started.html</code>), et le cas Ă©chĂ©ant + une chaĂźne de requĂȘte (query string) (par exemple <code>?arg=value</code>) + permettant de transmettre des informations supplĂ©mentaires au serveur. +</p> + +<p>Un client (par exemple un navigateur web) se connecte Ă un serveur +(par exemple votre serveur HTTP Apache) avec un protocole spĂ©cifique, et +effectue une <strong>requĂȘte</strong> pour une ressource en spĂ©cifiant +son chemin.</p> + +<p>Un chemin peut reprĂ©senter plusieurs types de ressources sur le +serveur. Ce peut ĂȘtre un fichier (comme +<code>getting-started.html</code>), un gestionnaire (comme <a href="mod/mod_status.html">server-status</a>), ou toute sorte de +programme (comme <code>index.php</code>). Nous dĂ©crirons tout ceci plus +en dĂ©tails ci-dessous dans la section <a href="#content">Contenu d'un +site web</a>.</p> + +<p> +Le serveur envoie alors une <strong>rĂ©ponse</strong> comportant un code +d'Ă©tat, et Ă©ventuellement un corps de rĂ©ponse. Le code d'Ă©tat indique si +la requĂȘte a Ă©tĂ© traitĂ©e avec succĂšs, ou dans la nĂ©gative quel type +d'erreur a Ă©tĂ© rencontrĂ©. Le client est alors sensĂ© savoir quoi faire de +la rĂ©ponse. Vous pouvez vous familiariser avec les diffĂ©rents codes +d'Ă©tat en consultant le <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/CommonHTTPStatusCodes">Wiki du +serveur HTTP Apache</a>.</p> + +<p>Les dĂ©tails de la transaction, ainsi que les erreurs rencontrĂ©es, +sont enregistrĂ©s dans des fichiers journaux. Tout ceci est dĂ©crit en +dĂ©tails ci-dessous dans la section <a href="#logs">DĂ©bogage et fichiers +journaux</a>.</p> + +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="dns" id="dns">Noms d'hĂŽte et DNS</a></h2> + + +<p>Pour se connecter Ă un serveur, le client doit tout d'abord rĂ©soudre +le nom du serveur en adresse IP, cette derniĂšre permettant de localiser +le serveur sur Internet. Ainsi, pour que votre serveur web soit +accessible, son nom doit ĂȘtre enregistrĂ© dans le DNS.</p> + +<p>Si vous ne savez pas comment effectuer cet enregistrement, vous +devrez contacter votre administrateur rĂ©seau ou votre fournisseur +d'accĂšs Ă Internet afin qu'il effectue cette opĂ©ration pour vous.</p> + +<p>Plusieurs noms d'hĂŽte peuvent pointer vers la mĂȘme adresse IP, et +plusieurs adresses IP peuvent ĂȘtre attachĂ©es au mĂȘme serveur physique. +Vous pouvez ainsi hĂ©berger plusieurs serveurs web sur le mĂȘme serveur +physique grĂące au mĂ©canisme des <a href="vhosts/">serveurs virtuels</a>.</p> + +<p>Pour tester un serveur non encore accessible sur Internet, vous +pouvez renseigner son nom d'hĂŽte dans votre fichier hosts afin +d'effectuer une rĂ©solution de nom locale. Par exemple, pour tester le +serveur web <code>www.example.com</code> depuis le serveur physique qui +l'hĂ©berge, vous pouvez ajouter la ligne suivante au fichier hosts de ce +dernier : </p> + +<div class="example"><p><code> +127.0.0.1 www.example.com +</code></p></div> + +<p>En gĂ©nĂ©ral, le fichier hosts se trouve dans le rĂ©pertoire +<code>/etc</code> sur les systĂšmes de style Unix, ou +<code>C:\Windows\system32\drivers\etc</code> sous Windows.</p> + +<p>Vous trouverez plus de dĂ©tails Ă propos du fichier hosts Ă <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_(file)">Wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_(file)</a>, +et Ă propos du DNS Ă <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System">Wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System</a>.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="configuration" id="configuration">Fichiers de configuration et directives</a></h2> + + +<p>La configuration du serveur HTTP Apache s'effectue via de simples +fichiers textes. Ces fichiers peuvent se trouver dans de nombreux +endroits diffĂ©rents en fonction du mode d'installation du serveur. Vous +trouverez les positions courantes de ces fichiers dans le <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/DistrosDefaultLayout">wiki httpd</a>. +Si vous installez httpd depuis le code source, le rĂ©pertoire par dĂ©faut +des fichiers de configuration est <code>/usr/local/apache2/conf</code>. +Le nom du fichier de configuration par dĂ©faut est en gĂ©nĂ©ral +<code>httpd.conf</code>, mais peut aussi varier en fonction des +distributions tierces du serveur.</p> + +<p>L'ensemble de la configuration est en gĂ©nĂ©ral divisĂ© en plusieurs +fichiers afin d'en faciliter la gestion. Ces fichiers sont inclus dans +le fichier de configuration principal via la directive <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code>. Les noms ou positions de ces fichiers +ne sont pas figĂ©s et peuvent varier considĂ©rablement d'une distribution +Ă l'autre. N'hĂ©sitez pas Ă les arranger et subdiviser selon +<strong>vos</strong> goĂ»ts et besoins, quitte Ă en modifier +l'organisation par dĂ©faut.</p> + +<p>La configuration du serveur s'effectue via des <a href="mod/quickreference.html">directives de configuration</a> que l'on +insĂšre dans les fichiers de configuration. Une directive se compose d'un +mot-clĂ© suivi d'un ou plusieurs arguments qui dĂ©finissent sa valeur.</p> + +<p>La rĂ©ponse Ă la question "<em>OĂč dois-je placer cette directive +?</em>" dĂ©pend en gĂ©nĂ©ral du niveau auquel cette directive doit ĂȘtre +prise en compte. S'il s'agit du niveau global, elle doit ĂȘtre placĂ©e +dans le fichier de configuration principal, et en dehors de toute +section <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code>, ou de toute autre section. Si +par exemple elle ne doit s'appliquer qu'Ă un rĂ©pertoire particulier, +elle doit ĂȘtre placĂ©e dans la section <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> qui fait rĂ©fĂ©rence Ă ce rĂ©pertoire. +Voir la documentation sur les <a href="sections.html">Sections de +configuration</a> pour plus de dĂ©tails.</p> + +<p>En complĂ©ment des fichiers de configuration principaux, certaines +directives peuvent ĂȘtre insĂ©rĂ©es dans des fichiers +<code>.htaccess</code> que l'on place directement dans le rĂ©pertoire +concernĂ©. Les fichiers <code>.htaccess</code> sont essentiellement +destinĂ©s aux personnes qui n'ont pas accĂšs aux fichiers de configuration +du serveur. Vous trouverez plus de dĂ©tails Ă propos des fichiers +<code>.htaccess</code> dans ce <a href="howto/htaccess.html"><code>.htaccess</code>howto</a>.</p> + +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="content" id="content">Contenu du site web</a></h2> + + +<p>Si le contenu du site web peut se prĂ©senter sous de nombreuses +formes, il peut en gĂ©nĂ©ral ĂȘtre scindĂ© en deux formes principales : les +contenus statiques et les contenus dynamiques.</p> + +<p>Les contenus statiques sont par exemple les fichiers HTML, les +images, les fichiers CSS et tout autre fichier rĂ©sidant dans le systĂšme +de fichiers. La directive <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> permet de dĂ©finir la position +dans l'arborescence du site oĂč vous devez placer ces fichiers. Cette +directive peut ĂȘtre dĂ©finie au niveau global, ou au niveau de chaque +serveur virtuel. Vous pouvez consulter vos fichiers de configuration +pour vĂ©rifier la maniĂšre dont cette directive est dĂ©finie pour votre +serveur.</p> + +<p>En gĂ©nĂ©ral, et si aucun nom de fichier n'est spĂ©cifiĂ© dans la +requĂȘte, c'est une page de nom <code>index.html</code> qui sera +renvoyĂ©e. Par exemple, si la directive <code>DocumentRoot</code> est +dĂ©finie Ă <code>/var/www/html</code>, et si une requĂȘte est effectuĂ©e +pour l'adresse <code>http://www.example.com/work/</code>, c'est le +fichier <code>/var/www/html/work/index.html</code> qui sera envoyĂ© au +client par le serveur.</p> + +<p>Un contenu dynamique est un contenu qui est gĂ©nĂ©rĂ© au moment du +traitement de la requĂȘte, et qui peut diffĂ©rer d'une requĂȘte Ă l'autre. +Ces contenus dynamiques peuvent ĂȘtre gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©s de nombreuses maniĂšres par +l'intermĂ©diaire de <a href="handler.html">gestionnaires de contenu</a> +ou "handlers". Il est aussi possible de crĂ©er des <a href="howto/cgi.html">programmes CGI</a> pour gĂ©nĂ©rer le contenu de +votre site.</p> + +<p>Enfin, on peut utiliser des modules tiers comme mod_php pour Ă©crire +du code permettant d'effectuer de nombreuses choses. De nombreuses +applications tierces Ă©crites Ă partir de divers langages ou outils sont +disponibles en tĂ©lĂ©chargement et peuvent ĂȘtre installĂ©es sur votre +serveur HTTP Apache. Le support de ces applications dĂ©passe le sujet de +ce document, et nous vous invitons Ă consulter le site de leur Ă©diteur +pour accĂ©der Ă leur documentation.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="logs" id="logs">Fichiers journaux et rĂ©solution des problĂšmes</a></h2> + +<p>En tant qu'administrateur d'un serveur HTTP Apache, vos sources +d'informations principales sont les fichiers journaux, et en particulier +le journal des erreurs. Toute tentative de rĂ©solution d'un problĂšme sans +consulter le journal des erreurs revient Ă conduire les yeux fermĂ©s.</p> + +<p>La position dans le systĂšme de fichiers du journal des erreurs est +spĂ©cifiĂ©e par la directive <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> +qui peut ĂȘtre dĂ©finie au niveau global, ou au niveau de chaque serveur +virtuel. Chaque entrĂ©e du journal des erreurs vous informe sur la nature +des problĂšmes et le moment de leur survenue. En outre, elle vous indique +souvent comment rĂ©soudre le problĂšme. Chaque message d'erreur contient +un code d'erreur que vous pouvez utiliser pour effectuer une recherche +en ligne afin d'obtenir une description plus dĂ©taillĂ©e de la maniĂšre de +rĂ©soudre le problĂšme. Vous pouvez aussi configurer votre journal des +erreurs de maniĂšre Ă ce qu'il enregistre un identifiant d'erreur que +vous pourrez ensuite utiliser pour effectuer une corrĂ©lation avec le +journal des accĂšs afin de dĂ©terminer quelle requĂȘte est Ă l'origine de +l'erreur.</p> + +<p>Vous trouverez plus de dĂ©tails Ă ce sujet dans la <a href="logs.html">Documentation sur la journalisation</a>.</p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="other" id="other">Et maintenant, quelle est la suite des opĂ©rations ?</a></h2> + + +<p>La question des prĂ©requis Ă©tant rĂ©glĂ©e, il est temps de passer aux +choses sĂ©rieuses.</p> + +<p>Ce document ne couvre que les notions de base. Nous espĂ©rons qu'il +vous permettra de mettre le pied Ă l'Ă©trier, mais il y a encore de +nombreuses choses que vous devez savoir.</p> + +<ul> +<li><a href="http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi">TĂ©lĂ©chargement</a></li> +<li><a href="install.html">Installation</a></li> +<li><a href="configuring.html">Configuration</a></li> +<li><a href="invoking.html">DĂ©marrage du serveur</a></li> +<li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">Foire aux questions</a></li> +</ul> + +</div></div> +<div class="bottomlang"> +<p><span>Langues Disponibles: </span><a href="./en/getting-started.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English"> en </a> | +<a href="./fr/getting-started.html" title="Français"> fr </a></p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="./images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Commentaires</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. 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