1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<!--
- Copyright (C) 2000-2019 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
-
- This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
- License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
-->
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>mdig</title>
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1">
<link rel="home" href="Bv9ARM.html" title="BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual">
<link rel="up" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html" title="Manual pages">
<link rel="prev" href="man.dig.html" title="dig">
<link rel="next" href="man.host.html" title="host">
</head>
<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
<div class="navheader">
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
<tr><th colspan="3" align="center"><span class="application">mdig</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td width="20%" align="left">
<a accesskey="p" href="man.dig.html">Prev</a>�</td>
<th width="60%" align="center">Manual pages</th>
<td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.host.html">Next</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr>
</div>
<div class="refentry">
<a name="man.mdig"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
<div class="refnamediv">
<h2>Name</h2>
<p>
<span class="application">mdig</span>
— DNS pipelined lookup utility
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
<h2>Synopsis</h2>
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p>
<code class="command">mdig</code>
{@server}
[<code class="option">-f <em class="replaceable"><code>filename</code></em></code>]
[<code class="option">-h</code>]
[<code class="option">-v</code>]
[
[<code class="option">-4</code>]
| [<code class="option">-6</code>]
]
[<code class="option">-m</code>]
[<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>]
[<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></code>]
[<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>]
[<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>]
[<code class="option">-i</code>]
[<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></code>]
[plusopt...]
</p></div>
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p>
<code class="command">mdig</code>
{-h}
</p></div>
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><p>
<code class="command">mdig</code>
[@server]
{global-opt...}
{
{local-opt...}
{query}
...}
</p></div>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.3.7"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p><span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span>
is a multiple/pipelined query version of <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>:
instead of waiting for a response after sending each query,
it begins by sending all queries. Responses are displayed in
the order in which they are received, not in the order the
corresponding queries were sent.
</p>
<p>
<span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> options are a subset of the
<span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span> options, and are divided into "anywhere
options" which can occur anywhere, "global options" which must
occur before the query name (or they are ignored with a warning),
and "local options" which apply to the next query on the command
line.
</p>
<p>
The {@server} option is a mandatory global
option. It is the name or IP address of the name server to query.
(Unlike <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>, this value is not retrieved from
<code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>.) It can be an IPv4 address
in dotted-decimal notation, an IPv6 address in colon-delimited
notation, or a hostname. When the supplied
<em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is a hostname,
<span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> resolves that name before querying
the name server.
</p>
<p><span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span>
provides a number of query options which affect
the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which
sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout
and retry strategies.
</p>
<p>
Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus
sign (<code class="literal">+</code>). Some keywords set or reset an
option. These may be preceded by the string <code class="literal">no</code>
to negate the meaning of that keyword. Other keywords assign
values to options like the timeout interval. They have the
form <code class="option">+keyword=value</code>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.3.8"></a><h2>ANYWHERE OPTIONS</h2>
<p>
The <code class="option">-f</code> option makes <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span>
operate in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to
process from the file <em class="parameter"><code>filename</code></em>. The file
contains a number of queries, one per line. Each entry in the
file should be organized in the same way they would be presented
as queries to <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> using the command-line interface.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-h</code> causes <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> to
print the detailed help with the full list of options and exit.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-v</code> causes <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> to
print the version number and exit.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.3.9"></a><h2>GLOBAL OPTIONS</h2>
<p>
The <code class="option">-4</code> option forces <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> to
only use IPv4 query transport.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-6</code> option forces <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> to
only use IPv6 query transport.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-b</code> option sets the source IP address of the
query to <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em>. This must be a valid
address on one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or
"::". An optional port may be specified by appending
"#<port>"
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-m</code> option enables memory usage debugging.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-p</code> option is used when a non-standard port
number is to be queried.
<em class="parameter"><code>port#</code></em> is the port number
that <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> will send its queries instead of
the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used to
test a name server that has been configured to listen for
queries on a non-standard port number.
</p>
<p>
The global query options are:
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]additional</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Display [do not display] the additional section of a
reply. The default is to display it.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]all</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Set or clear all display flags.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]answer</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Display [do not display] the answer section of a
reply. The default is to display it.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]authority</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Display [do not display] the authority section of a
reply. The default is to display it.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]besteffort</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Attempt to display the contents of messages which are
malformed. The default is to not display malformed
answers.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cl</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the
record.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]comments</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Toggle the display of comment lines in the output.
The default is to print comments.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]continue</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Continue on errors (e.g. timeouts).
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]crypto</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC
records. The contents of these field are unnecessary
to debug most DNSSEC validation failures and removing
them makes it easier to see the common failures. The
default is to display the fields. When omitted they
are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or in the
DNSKEY case the key id is displayed as the replacement,
e.g. "[ key id = value ]".
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+dscp[=value]</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Set the DSCP code point to be used when sending the
query. Valid DSCP code points are in the range
[0..63]. By default no code point is explicitly set.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]multiline</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Print records like the SOA records in a verbose
multi-line format with human-readable comments. The
default is to print each record on a single line, to
facilitate machine parsing of the <span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span>
output.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]question</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Print [do not print] the question section of a query
when an answer is returned. The default is to print
the question section as a comment.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Toggle the display of per-record comments in the
output (for example, human-readable key information
about DNSKEY records). The default is not to print
record comments unless multiline mode is active.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]short</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the
answer in a verbose form.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+split=W</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource
records into chunks of <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em>
characters (where <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em> is rounded
up to the nearest multiple of 4).
<em class="parameter"><code>+nosplit</code></em> or
<em class="parameter"><code>+split=0</code></em> causes fields not to
be split at all. The default is 56 characters, or
44 characters when multiline mode is active.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The
default behavior is to use UDP.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttlid</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the
record.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttlunits</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Display [do not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable
time units of "s", "m", "h", "d", and "w", representing
seconds, minutes, hours, days and weeks. Implies +ttlid.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]vc</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This
alternate syntax to <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]tcp</code></em>
is provided for backwards compatibility. The "vc"
stands for "virtual circuit".
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.3.10"></a><h2>LOCAL OPTIONS</h2>
<p>
The <code class="option">-c</code> option sets the query class to
<em class="parameter"><code>class</code></em>. It can be any valid query class
which is supported in BIND 9. The default query class is "IN".
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the query type to
<em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>. It can be any valid query type
which is supported in BIND 9. The default query type is "A",
unless the <code class="option">-x</code> option is supplied to indicate
a reverse lookup with the "PTR" query type.
</p>
<p>
The <code class="option">-i</code> option sets the reverse domain for
IPv6 addresses to IP6.INT.
</p>
<p>
Reverse lookups — mapping addresses to names — are
simplified by the <code class="option">-x</code> option.
<em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is an IPv4
address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
<span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> automatically performs a lookup for a
query name like <code class="literal">11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</code> and
sets the query type and class to PTR and IN respectively.
By default, IPv6 addresses are looked up using nibble format
under the IP6.ARPA domain. To use the older RFC1886 method
using the IP6.INT domain specify the <code class="option">-i</code> option.
</p>
<p>
The local query options are:
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaflag</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
A synonym for <em class="parameter"><code>+[no]aaonly</code></em>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]aaonly</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]adflag</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the
query. This requests the server to return whether
all of the answer and authority sections have all
been validated as secure according to the security
policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records
have been validated as secure and the answer is not
from a OPT-OUT range. AD=0 indicate that some part
of the answer was insecure or not validated. This
bit is set by default.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+bufsize=B</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0
to <em class="parameter"><code>B</code></em> bytes. The maximum and
minimum sizes of this buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively.
Values outside this range are rounded up or down
appropriately. Values other than zero will cause a
EDNS query to be sent.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cdflag</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in
the query. This requests the server to not perform
DNSSEC validation of responses.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cookie[<span class="optional">=####</span>]</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Send a COOKIE EDNS option, with optional value.
Replaying a COOKIE from a previous response will allow
the server to identify a previous client. The default
is <code class="option">+nocookie</code>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dnssec</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC
OK bit (DO) in the OPT record in the additional section
of the query.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]edns[=#]</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values
are 0 to 255. Setting the EDNS version will cause
a EDNS query to be sent. <code class="option">+noedns</code>
clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS is set to
0 by default.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ednsflags[=#]</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Set the must-be-zero EDNS flags bits (Z bits) to the
specified value. Decimal, hex and octal encodings are
accepted. Setting a named flag (e.g. DO) will silently be
ignored. By default, no Z bits are set.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ednsopt[=code[:value]]</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Specify EDNS option with code point <code class="option">code</code>
and optionally payload of <code class="option">value</code> as a
hexadecimal string. <code class="option">+noednsopt</code>
clears the EDNS options to be sent.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]expire</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Send an EDNS Expire option.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]nsid</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending
a query.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]recurse</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit
in the query. This bit is set by default, which means
<span class="command"><strong>mdig</strong></span> normally sends recursive
queries.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+retry=T</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to
server to <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the
default, 2. Unlike <em class="parameter"><code>+tries</code></em>,
this does not include the initial query.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]subnet=addr[/prefix-length]</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Send (don't send) an EDNS Client Subnet option with the
specified IP address or network prefix.
</p>
<p>
<span class="command"><strong>mdig +subnet=0.0.0.0/0</strong></span>, or simply
<span class="command"><strong>mdig +subnet=0</strong></span> for short, sends an EDNS
client-subnet option with an empty address and a source
prefix-length of zero, which signals a resolver that
the client's address information must
<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> be used when resolving
this query.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+timeout=T</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Sets the timeout for a query to
<em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> seconds. The default
timeout is 5 seconds for UDP transport and 10 for TCP.
An attempt to set <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> to less
than 1 will result
in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+tries=T</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server
to <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> instead of the default,
3. If <em class="parameter"><code>T</code></em> is less than or equal
to zero, the number of tries is silently rounded up
to 1.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+udptimeout=T</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Sets the timeout between UDP query retries.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]unknownformat</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Print all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format
(RFC 3597). The default is to print RDATA for known types
in the type's presentation format.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]zflag</code></span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
Set [do not set] the last unassigned DNS header flag in a
DNS query. This flag is off by default.
</p>
</dd>
</dl></div>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.3.11"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><span class="citerefentry">
<span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1)
</span>,
<em class="citetitle">RFC1035</em>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="navfooter">
<hr>
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left">
<a accesskey="p" href="man.dig.html">Prev</a>�</td>
<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="Bv9ARM.ch13.html">Up</a></td>
<td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="man.host.html">Next</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">dig�</td>
<td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="Bv9ARM.html">Home</a></td>
<td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�host</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p xmlns:db="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" style="text-align: center;">BIND 9.11.5-P4 (Extended Support Version)</p>
</body>
</html>
|
