Adding upstream version 4.19.249.upstream/4.19.249

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2085 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/pci/cs4281.c b/sound/pci/cs4281.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ec4247638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/cs4281.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2085 @@
+/*
+ *  Driver for Cirrus Logic CS4281 based PCI soundcard
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>,
+ *
+ *
+ *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *   (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *   GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/gameport.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/rawmidi.h>
+#include <sound/ac97_codec.h>
+#include <sound/tlv.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Cirrus Logic CS4281");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("{{Cirrus Logic,CS4281}}");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP;	/* Enable switches */
+static bool dual_codec[SNDRV_CARDS];	/* dual codec */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for CS4281 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for CS4281 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable CS4281 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(dual_codec, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dual_codec, "Secondary Codec ID (0 = disabled).");
+
+/*
+ *  Direct registers
+ */
+
+#define CS4281_BA0_SIZE		0x1000
+#define CS4281_BA1_SIZE		0x10000
+
+/*
+ *  BA0 registers
+ */
+#define BA0_HISR		0x0000	/* Host Interrupt Status Register */
+#define BA0_HISR_INTENA		(1<<31)	/* Internal Interrupt Enable Bit */
+#define BA0_HISR_MIDI		(1<<22)	/* MIDI port interrupt */
+#define BA0_HISR_FIFOI		(1<<20)	/* FIFO polled interrupt */
+#define BA0_HISR_DMAI		(1<<18)	/* DMA interrupt (half or end) */
+#define BA0_HISR_FIFO(c)	(1<<(12+(c))) /* FIFO channel interrupt */
+#define BA0_HISR_DMA(c)		(1<<(8+(c)))  /* DMA channel interrupt */
+#define BA0_HISR_GPPI		(1<<5)	/* General Purpose Input (Primary chip) */
+#define BA0_HISR_GPSI		(1<<4)	/* General Purpose Input (Secondary chip) */
+#define BA0_HISR_GP3I		(1<<3)	/* GPIO3 pin Interrupt */
+#define BA0_HISR_GP1I		(1<<2)	/* GPIO1 pin Interrupt */
+#define BA0_HISR_VUPI		(1<<1)	/* VOLUP pin Interrupt */
+#define BA0_HISR_VDNI		(1<<0)	/* VOLDN pin Interrupt */
+
+#define BA0_HICR		0x0008	/* Host Interrupt Control Register */
+#define BA0_HICR_CHGM		(1<<1)	/* INTENA Change Mask */
+#define BA0_HICR_IEV		(1<<0)	/* INTENA Value */
+#define BA0_HICR_EOI		(3<<0)	/* End of Interrupt command */
+
+#define BA0_HIMR		0x000c	/* Host Interrupt Mask Register */
+					/* Use same contants as for BA0_HISR */
+
+#define BA0_IIER		0x0010	/* ISA Interrupt Enable Register */
+
+#define BA0_HDSR0		0x00f0	/* Host DMA Engine 0 Status Register */
+#define BA0_HDSR1		0x00f4	/* Host DMA Engine 1 Status Register */
+#define BA0_HDSR2		0x00f8	/* Host DMA Engine 2 Status Register */
+#define BA0_HDSR3		0x00fc	/* Host DMA Engine 3 Status Register */
+
+#define BA0_HDSR_CH1P		(1<<25)	/* Channel 1 Pending */
+#define BA0_HDSR_CH2P		(1<<24)	/* Channel 2 Pending */
+#define BA0_HDSR_DHTC		(1<<17)	/* DMA Half Terminal Count */
+#define BA0_HDSR_DTC		(1<<16)	/* DMA Terminal Count */
+#define BA0_HDSR_DRUN		(1<<15)	/* DMA Running */
+#define BA0_HDSR_RQ		(1<<7)	/* Pending Request */
+
+#define BA0_DCA0		0x0110	/* Host DMA Engine 0 Current Address */
+#define BA0_DCC0		0x0114	/* Host DMA Engine 0 Current Count */
+#define BA0_DBA0		0x0118	/* Host DMA Engine 0 Base Address */
+#define BA0_DBC0		0x011c	/* Host DMA Engine 0 Base Count */
+#define BA0_DCA1		0x0120	/* Host DMA Engine 1 Current Address */
+#define BA0_DCC1		0x0124	/* Host DMA Engine 1 Current Count */
+#define BA0_DBA1		0x0128	/* Host DMA Engine 1 Base Address */
+#define BA0_DBC1		0x012c	/* Host DMA Engine 1 Base Count */
+#define BA0_DCA2		0x0130	/* Host DMA Engine 2 Current Address */
+#define BA0_DCC2		0x0134	/* Host DMA Engine 2 Current Count */
+#define BA0_DBA2		0x0138	/* Host DMA Engine 2 Base Address */
+#define BA0_DBC2		0x013c	/* Host DMA Engine 2 Base Count */
+#define BA0_DCA3		0x0140	/* Host DMA Engine 3 Current Address */
+#define BA0_DCC3		0x0144	/* Host DMA Engine 3 Current Count */
+#define BA0_DBA3		0x0148	/* Host DMA Engine 3 Base Address */
+#define BA0_DBC3		0x014c	/* Host DMA Engine 3 Base Count */
+#define BA0_DMR0		0x0150	/* Host DMA Engine 0 Mode */
+#define BA0_DCR0		0x0154	/* Host DMA Engine 0 Command */
+#define BA0_DMR1		0x0158	/* Host DMA Engine 1 Mode */
+#define BA0_DCR1		0x015c	/* Host DMA Engine 1 Command */
+#define BA0_DMR2		0x0160	/* Host DMA Engine 2 Mode */
+#define BA0_DCR2		0x0164	/* Host DMA Engine 2 Command */
+#define BA0_DMR3		0x0168	/* Host DMA Engine 3 Mode */
+#define BA0_DCR3		0x016c	/* Host DMA Engine 3 Command */
+
+#define BA0_DMR_DMA		(1<<29)	/* Enable DMA mode */
+#define BA0_DMR_POLL		(1<<28)	/* Enable poll mode */
+#define BA0_DMR_TBC		(1<<25)	/* Transfer By Channel */
+#define BA0_DMR_CBC		(1<<24)	/* Count By Channel (0 = frame resolution) */
+#define BA0_DMR_SWAPC		(1<<22)	/* Swap Left/Right Channels */
+#define BA0_DMR_SIZE20		(1<<20)	/* Sample is 20-bit */
+#define BA0_DMR_USIGN		(1<<19)	/* Unsigned */
+#define BA0_DMR_BEND		(1<<18)	/* Big Endian */
+#define BA0_DMR_MONO		(1<<17)	/* Mono */
+#define BA0_DMR_SIZE8		(1<<16)	/* Sample is 8-bit */
+#define BA0_DMR_TYPE_DEMAND	(0<<6)
+#define BA0_DMR_TYPE_SINGLE	(1<<6)
+#define BA0_DMR_TYPE_BLOCK	(2<<6)
+#define BA0_DMR_TYPE_CASCADE	(3<<6)	/* Not supported */
+#define BA0_DMR_DEC		(1<<5)	/* Access Increment (0) or Decrement (1) */
+#define BA0_DMR_AUTO		(1<<4)	/* Auto-Initialize */
+#define BA0_DMR_TR_VERIFY	(0<<2)	/* Verify Transfer */
+#define BA0_DMR_TR_WRITE	(1<<2)	/* Write Transfer */
+#define BA0_DMR_TR_READ		(2<<2)	/* Read Transfer */
+
+#define BA0_DCR_HTCIE		(1<<17)	/* Half Terminal Count Interrupt */
+#define BA0_DCR_TCIE		(1<<16)	/* Terminal Count Interrupt */
+#define BA0_DCR_MSK		(1<<0)	/* DMA Mask bit */
+
+#define BA0_FCR0		0x0180	/* FIFO Control 0 */
+#define BA0_FCR1		0x0184	/* FIFO Control 1 */
+#define BA0_FCR2		0x0188	/* FIFO Control 2 */
+#define BA0_FCR3		0x018c	/* FIFO Control 3 */
+
+#define BA0_FCR_FEN		(1<<31)	/* FIFO Enable bit */
+#define BA0_FCR_DACZ		(1<<30)	/* DAC Zero */
+#define BA0_FCR_PSH		(1<<29)	/* Previous Sample Hold */
+#define BA0_FCR_RS(x)		(((x)&0x1f)<<24) /* Right Slot Mapping */
+#define BA0_FCR_LS(x)		(((x)&0x1f)<<16) /* Left Slot Mapping */
+#define BA0_FCR_SZ(x)		(((x)&0x7f)<<8)	/* FIFO buffer size (in samples) */
+#define BA0_FCR_OF(x)		(((x)&0x7f)<<0)	/* FIFO starting offset (in samples) */
+
+#define BA0_FPDR0		0x0190	/* FIFO Polled Data 0 */
+#define BA0_FPDR1		0x0194	/* FIFO Polled Data 1 */
+#define BA0_FPDR2		0x0198	/* FIFO Polled Data 2 */
+#define BA0_FPDR3		0x019c	/* FIFO Polled Data 3 */
+
+#define BA0_FCHS		0x020c	/* FIFO Channel Status */
+#define BA0_FCHS_RCO(x)		(1<<(7+(((x)&3)<<3))) /* Right Channel Out */
+#define BA0_FCHS_LCO(x)		(1<<(6+(((x)&3)<<3))) /* Left Channel Out */
+#define BA0_FCHS_MRP(x)		(1<<(5+(((x)&3)<<3))) /* Move Read Pointer */
+#define BA0_FCHS_FE(x)		(1<<(4+(((x)&3)<<3))) /* FIFO Empty */
+#define BA0_FCHS_FF(x)		(1<<(3+(((x)&3)<<3))) /* FIFO Full */
+#define BA0_FCHS_IOR(x)		(1<<(2+(((x)&3)<<3))) /* Internal Overrun Flag */
+#define BA0_FCHS_RCI(x)		(1<<(1+(((x)&3)<<3))) /* Right Channel In */
+#define BA0_FCHS_LCI(x)		(1<<(0+(((x)&3)<<3))) /* Left Channel In */
+
+#define BA0_FSIC0		0x0210	/* FIFO Status and Interrupt Control 0 */
+#define BA0_FSIC1		0x0214	/* FIFO Status and Interrupt Control 1 */
+#define BA0_FSIC2		0x0218	/* FIFO Status and Interrupt Control 2 */
+#define BA0_FSIC3		0x021c	/* FIFO Status and Interrupt Control 3 */
+
+#define BA0_FSIC_FIC(x)		(((x)&0x7f)<<24) /* FIFO Interrupt Count */
+#define BA0_FSIC_FORIE		(1<<23) /* FIFO OverRun Interrupt Enable */
+#define BA0_FSIC_FURIE		(1<<22) /* FIFO UnderRun Interrupt Enable */
+#define BA0_FSIC_FSCIE		(1<<16)	/* FIFO Sample Count Interrupt Enable */
+#define BA0_FSIC_FSC(x)		(((x)&0x7f)<<8) /* FIFO Sample Count */
+#define BA0_FSIC_FOR		(1<<7)	/* FIFO OverRun */
+#define BA0_FSIC_FUR		(1<<6)	/* FIFO UnderRun */
+#define BA0_FSIC_FSCR		(1<<0)	/* FIFO Sample Count Reached */
+
+#define BA0_PMCS		0x0344	/* Power Management Control/Status */
+#define BA0_CWPR		0x03e0	/* Configuration Write Protect */
+
+#define BA0_EPPMC		0x03e4	/* Extended PCI Power Management Control */
+#define BA0_EPPMC_FPDN		(1<<14) /* Full Power DowN */
+
+#define BA0_GPIOR		0x03e8	/* GPIO Pin Interface Register */
+
+#define BA0_SPMC		0x03ec	/* Serial Port Power Management Control (& ASDIN2 enable) */
+#define BA0_SPMC_GIPPEN		(1<<15)	/* GP INT Primary PME# Enable */
+#define BA0_SPMC_GISPEN		(1<<14)	/* GP INT Secondary PME# Enable */
+#define BA0_SPMC_EESPD		(1<<9)	/* EEPROM Serial Port Disable */
+#define BA0_SPMC_ASDI2E		(1<<8)	/* ASDIN2 Enable */
+#define BA0_SPMC_ASDO		(1<<7)	/* Asynchronous ASDOUT Assertion */
+#define BA0_SPMC_WUP2		(1<<3)	/* Wakeup for Secondary Input */
+#define BA0_SPMC_WUP1		(1<<2)	/* Wakeup for Primary Input */
+#define BA0_SPMC_ASYNC		(1<<1)	/* Asynchronous ASYNC Assertion */
+#define BA0_SPMC_RSTN		(1<<0)	/* Reset Not! */
+
+#define BA0_CFLR		0x03f0	/* Configuration Load Register (EEPROM or BIOS) */
+#define BA0_CFLR_DEFAULT	0x00000001 /* CFLR must be in AC97 link mode */
+#define BA0_IISR		0x03f4	/* ISA Interrupt Select */
+#define BA0_TMS			0x03f8	/* Test Register */
+#define BA0_SSVID		0x03fc	/* Subsystem ID register */
+
+#define BA0_CLKCR1		0x0400	/* Clock Control Register 1 */
+#define BA0_CLKCR1_CLKON	(1<<25)	/* Read Only */
+#define BA0_CLKCR1_DLLRDY	(1<<24)	/* DLL Ready */
+#define BA0_CLKCR1_DLLOS	(1<<6)	/* DLL Output Select */
+#define BA0_CLKCR1_SWCE		(1<<5)	/* Clock Enable */
+#define BA0_CLKCR1_DLLP		(1<<4)	/* DLL PowerUp */
+#define BA0_CLKCR1_DLLSS	(((x)&3)<<3) /* DLL Source Select */
+
+#define BA0_FRR			0x0410	/* Feature Reporting Register */
+#define BA0_SLT12O		0x041c	/* Slot 12 GPIO Output Register for AC-Link */
+
+#define BA0_SERMC		0x0420	/* Serial Port Master Control */
+#define BA0_SERMC_FCRN		(1<<27)	/* Force Codec Ready Not */
+#define BA0_SERMC_ODSEN2	(1<<25)	/* On-Demand Support Enable ASDIN2 */
+#define BA0_SERMC_ODSEN1	(1<<24)	/* On-Demand Support Enable ASDIN1 */
+#define BA0_SERMC_SXLB		(1<<21)	/* ASDIN2 to ASDOUT Loopback */
+#define BA0_SERMC_SLB		(1<<20)	/* ASDOUT to ASDIN2 Loopback */
+#define BA0_SERMC_LOVF		(1<<19)	/* Loopback Output Valid Frame bit */
+#define BA0_SERMC_TCID(x)	(((x)&3)<<16) /* Target Secondary Codec ID */
+#define BA0_SERMC_PXLB		(5<<1)	/* Primary Port External Loopback */
+#define BA0_SERMC_PLB		(4<<1)	/* Primary Port Internal Loopback */
+#define BA0_SERMC_PTC		(7<<1)	/* Port Timing Configuration */
+#define BA0_SERMC_PTC_AC97	(1<<1)	/* AC97 mode */
+#define BA0_SERMC_MSPE		(1<<0)	/* Master Serial Port Enable */
+
+#define BA0_SERC1		0x0428	/* Serial Port Configuration 1 */
+#define BA0_SERC1_SO1F(x)	(((x)&7)>>1) /* Primary Output Port Format */
+#define BA0_SERC1_AC97		(1<<1)
+#define BA0_SERC1_SO1EN		(1<<0)	/* Primary Output Port Enable */
+
+#define BA0_SERC2		0x042c	/* Serial Port Configuration 2 */
+#define BA0_SERC2_SI1F(x)	(((x)&7)>>1) /* Primary Input Port Format */
+#define BA0_SERC2_AC97		(1<<1)
+#define BA0_SERC2_SI1EN		(1<<0)	/* Primary Input Port Enable */
+
+#define BA0_SLT12M		0x045c	/* Slot 12 Monitor Register for Primary AC-Link */
+
+#define BA0_ACCTL		0x0460	/* AC'97 Control */
+#define BA0_ACCTL_TC		(1<<6)	/* Target Codec */
+#define BA0_ACCTL_CRW		(1<<4)	/* 0=Write, 1=Read Command */
+#define BA0_ACCTL_DCV		(1<<3)	/* Dynamic Command Valid */
+#define BA0_ACCTL_VFRM		(1<<2)	/* Valid Frame */
+#define BA0_ACCTL_ESYN		(1<<1)	/* Enable Sync */
+
+#define BA0_ACSTS		0x0464	/* AC'97 Status */
+#define BA0_ACSTS_VSTS		(1<<1)	/* Valid Status */
+#define BA0_ACSTS_CRDY		(1<<0)	/* Codec Ready */
+
+#define BA0_ACOSV		0x0468	/* AC'97 Output Slot Valid */
+#define BA0_ACOSV_SLV(x)	(1<<((x)-3))
+
+#define BA0_ACCAD		0x046c	/* AC'97 Command Address */
+#define BA0_ACCDA		0x0470	/* AC'97 Command Data */
+
+#define BA0_ACISV		0x0474	/* AC'97 Input Slot Valid */
+#define BA0_ACISV_SLV(x)	(1<<((x)-3))
+
+#define BA0_ACSAD		0x0478	/* AC'97 Status Address */
+#define BA0_ACSDA		0x047c	/* AC'97 Status Data */
+#define BA0_JSPT		0x0480	/* Joystick poll/trigger */
+#define BA0_JSCTL		0x0484	/* Joystick control */
+#define BA0_JSC1		0x0488	/* Joystick control */
+#define BA0_JSC2		0x048c	/* Joystick control */
+#define BA0_JSIO		0x04a0
+
+#define BA0_MIDCR		0x0490	/* MIDI Control */
+#define BA0_MIDCR_MRST		(1<<5)	/* Reset MIDI Interface */
+#define BA0_MIDCR_MLB		(1<<4)	/* MIDI Loop Back Enable */
+#define BA0_MIDCR_TIE		(1<<3)	/* MIDI Transmuit Interrupt Enable */
+#define BA0_MIDCR_RIE		(1<<2)	/* MIDI Receive Interrupt Enable */
+#define BA0_MIDCR_RXE		(1<<1)	/* MIDI Receive Enable */
+#define BA0_MIDCR_TXE		(1<<0)	/* MIDI Transmit Enable */
+
+#define BA0_MIDCMD		0x0494	/* MIDI Command (wo) */
+
+#define BA0_MIDSR		0x0494	/* MIDI Status (ro) */
+#define BA0_MIDSR_RDA		(1<<15)	/* Sticky bit (RBE 1->0) */
+#define BA0_MIDSR_TBE		(1<<14) /* Sticky bit (TBF 0->1) */
+#define BA0_MIDSR_RBE		(1<<7)	/* Receive Buffer Empty */
+#define BA0_MIDSR_TBF		(1<<6)	/* Transmit Buffer Full */
+
+#define BA0_MIDWP		0x0498	/* MIDI Write */
+#define BA0_MIDRP		0x049c	/* MIDI Read (ro) */
+
+#define BA0_AODSD1		0x04a8	/* AC'97 On-Demand Slot Disable for primary link (ro) */
+#define BA0_AODSD1_NDS(x)	(1<<((x)-3))
+
+#define BA0_AODSD2		0x04ac	/* AC'97 On-Demand Slot Disable for secondary link (ro) */
+#define BA0_AODSD2_NDS(x)	(1<<((x)-3))
+
+#define BA0_CFGI		0x04b0	/* Configure Interface (EEPROM interface) */
+#define BA0_SLT12M2		0x04dc	/* Slot 12 Monitor Register 2 for secondary AC-link */
+#define BA0_ACSTS2		0x04e4	/* AC'97 Status Register 2 */
+#define BA0_ACISV2		0x04f4	/* AC'97 Input Slot Valid Register 2 */
+#define BA0_ACSAD2		0x04f8	/* AC'97 Status Address Register 2 */
+#define BA0_ACSDA2		0x04fc	/* AC'97 Status Data Register 2 */
+#define BA0_FMSR		0x0730	/* FM Synthesis Status (ro) */
+#define BA0_B0AP		0x0730	/* FM Bank 0 Address Port (wo) */
+#define BA0_FMDP		0x0734	/* FM Data Port */
+#define BA0_B1AP		0x0738	/* FM Bank 1 Address Port */
+#define BA0_B1DP		0x073c	/* FM Bank 1 Data Port */
+
+#define BA0_SSPM		0x0740	/* Sound System Power Management */
+#define BA0_SSPM_MIXEN		(1<<6)	/* Playback SRC + FM/Wavetable MIX */
+#define BA0_SSPM_CSRCEN		(1<<5)	/* Capture Sample Rate Converter Enable */
+#define BA0_SSPM_PSRCEN		(1<<4)	/* Playback Sample Rate Converter Enable */
+#define BA0_SSPM_JSEN		(1<<3)	/* Joystick Enable */
+#define BA0_SSPM_ACLEN		(1<<2)	/* Serial Port Engine and AC-Link Enable */
+#define BA0_SSPM_FMEN		(1<<1)	/* FM Synthesis Block Enable */
+
+#define BA0_DACSR		0x0744	/* DAC Sample Rate - Playback SRC */
+#define BA0_ADCSR		0x0748	/* ADC Sample Rate - Capture SRC */
+
+#define BA0_SSCR		0x074c	/* Sound System Control Register */
+#define BA0_SSCR_HVS1		(1<<23)	/* Hardwave Volume Step (0=1,1=2) */
+#define BA0_SSCR_MVCS		(1<<19)	/* Master Volume Codec Select */
+#define BA0_SSCR_MVLD		(1<<18)	/* Master Volume Line Out Disable */
+#define BA0_SSCR_MVAD		(1<<17)	/* Master Volume Alternate Out Disable */
+#define BA0_SSCR_MVMD		(1<<16)	/* Master Volume Mono Out Disable */
+#define BA0_SSCR_XLPSRC		(1<<8)	/* External SRC Loopback Mode */
+#define BA0_SSCR_LPSRC		(1<<7)	/* SRC Loopback Mode */
+#define BA0_SSCR_CDTX		(1<<5)	/* CD Transfer Data */
+#define BA0_SSCR_HVC		(1<<3)	/* Harware Volume Control Enable */
+
+#define BA0_FMLVC		0x0754	/* FM Synthesis Left Volume Control */
+#define BA0_FMRVC		0x0758	/* FM Synthesis Right Volume Control */
+#define BA0_SRCSA		0x075c	/* SRC Slot Assignments */
+#define BA0_PPLVC		0x0760	/* PCM Playback Left Volume Control */
+#define BA0_PPRVC		0x0764	/* PCM Playback Right Volume Control */
+#define BA0_PASR		0x0768	/* playback sample rate */
+#define BA0_CASR		0x076C	/* capture sample rate */
+
+/* Source Slot Numbers - Playback */
+#define SRCSLOT_LEFT_PCM_PLAYBACK		0
+#define SRCSLOT_RIGHT_PCM_PLAYBACK		1
+#define SRCSLOT_PHONE_LINE_1_DAC		2
+#define SRCSLOT_CENTER_PCM_PLAYBACK		3
+#define SRCSLOT_LEFT_SURROUND_PCM_PLAYBACK	4
+#define SRCSLOT_RIGHT_SURROUND_PCM_PLAYBACK	5
+#define SRCSLOT_LFE_PCM_PLAYBACK		6
+#define SRCSLOT_PHONE_LINE_2_DAC		7
+#define SRCSLOT_HEADSET_DAC			8
+#define SRCSLOT_LEFT_WT				29  /* invalid for BA0_SRCSA */
+#define SRCSLOT_RIGHT_WT			30  /* invalid for BA0_SRCSA */
+
+/* Source Slot Numbers - Capture */
+#define SRCSLOT_LEFT_PCM_RECORD			10
+#define SRCSLOT_RIGHT_PCM_RECORD		11
+#define SRCSLOT_PHONE_LINE_1_ADC		12
+#define SRCSLOT_MIC_ADC				13
+#define SRCSLOT_PHONE_LINE_2_ADC		17
+#define SRCSLOT_HEADSET_ADC			18
+#define SRCSLOT_SECONDARY_LEFT_PCM_RECORD	20
+#define SRCSLOT_SECONDARY_RIGHT_PCM_RECORD	21
+#define SRCSLOT_SECONDARY_PHONE_LINE_1_ADC	22
+#define SRCSLOT_SECONDARY_MIC_ADC		23
+#define SRCSLOT_SECONDARY_PHONE_LINE_2_ADC	27
+#define SRCSLOT_SECONDARY_HEADSET_ADC		28
+
+/* Source Slot Numbers - Others */
+#define SRCSLOT_POWER_DOWN			31
+
+/* MIDI modes */
+#define CS4281_MODE_OUTPUT		(1<<0)
+#define CS4281_MODE_INPUT		(1<<1)
+
+/* joystick bits */
+/* Bits for JSPT */
+#define JSPT_CAX                                0x00000001
+#define JSPT_CAY                                0x00000002
+#define JSPT_CBX                                0x00000004
+#define JSPT_CBY                                0x00000008
+#define JSPT_BA1                                0x00000010
+#define JSPT_BA2                                0x00000020
+#define JSPT_BB1                                0x00000040
+#define JSPT_BB2                                0x00000080
+
+/* Bits for JSCTL */
+#define JSCTL_SP_MASK                           0x00000003
+#define JSCTL_SP_SLOW                           0x00000000
+#define JSCTL_SP_MEDIUM_SLOW                    0x00000001
+#define JSCTL_SP_MEDIUM_FAST                    0x00000002
+#define JSCTL_SP_FAST                           0x00000003
+#define JSCTL_ARE                               0x00000004
+
+/* Data register pairs masks */
+#define JSC1_Y1V_MASK                           0x0000FFFF
+#define JSC1_X1V_MASK                           0xFFFF0000
+#define JSC1_Y1V_SHIFT                          0
+#define JSC1_X1V_SHIFT                          16
+#define JSC2_Y2V_MASK                           0x0000FFFF
+#define JSC2_X2V_MASK                           0xFFFF0000
+#define JSC2_Y2V_SHIFT                          0
+#define JSC2_X2V_SHIFT                          16
+
+/* JS GPIO */
+#define JSIO_DAX                                0x00000001
+#define JSIO_DAY                                0x00000002
+#define JSIO_DBX                                0x00000004
+#define JSIO_DBY                                0x00000008
+#define JSIO_AXOE                               0x00000010
+#define JSIO_AYOE                               0x00000020
+#define JSIO_BXOE                               0x00000040
+#define JSIO_BYOE                               0x00000080
+
+/*
+ *
+ */
+
+struct cs4281_dma {
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	unsigned int regDBA;		/* offset to DBA register */
+	unsigned int regDCA;		/* offset to DCA register */
+	unsigned int regDBC;		/* offset to DBC register */
+	unsigned int regDCC;		/* offset to DCC register */
+	unsigned int regDMR;		/* offset to DMR register */
+	unsigned int regDCR;		/* offset to DCR register */
+	unsigned int regHDSR;		/* offset to HDSR register */
+	unsigned int regFCR;		/* offset to FCR register */
+	unsigned int regFSIC;		/* offset to FSIC register */
+	unsigned int valDMR;		/* DMA mode */
+	unsigned int valDCR;		/* DMA command */
+	unsigned int valFCR;		/* FIFO control */
+	unsigned int fifo_offset;	/* FIFO offset within BA1 */
+	unsigned char left_slot;	/* FIFO left slot */
+	unsigned char right_slot;	/* FIFO right slot */
+	int frag;			/* period number */
+};
+
+#define SUSPEND_REGISTERS	20
+
+struct cs4281 {
+	int irq;
+
+	void __iomem *ba0;		/* virtual (accessible) address */
+	void __iomem *ba1;		/* virtual (accessible) address */
+	unsigned long ba0_addr;
+	unsigned long ba1_addr;
+
+	int dual_codec;
+
+	struct snd_ac97_bus *ac97_bus;
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97;
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97_secondary;
+
+	struct pci_dev *pci;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *midi_input;
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *midi_output;
+
+	struct cs4281_dma dma[4];
+
+	unsigned char src_left_play_slot;
+	unsigned char src_right_play_slot;
+	unsigned char src_left_rec_slot;
+	unsigned char src_right_rec_slot;
+
+	unsigned int spurious_dhtc_irq;
+	unsigned int spurious_dtc_irq;
+
+	spinlock_t reg_lock;
+	unsigned int midcr;
+	unsigned int uartm;
+
+	struct gameport *gameport;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+	u32 suspend_regs[SUSPEND_REGISTERS];
+#endif
+
+};
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_cs4281_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id);
+
+static const struct pci_device_id snd_cs4281_ids[] = {
+	{ PCI_VDEVICE(CIRRUS, 0x6005), 0, },	/* CS4281 */
+	{ 0, }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, snd_cs4281_ids);
+
+/*
+ *  constants
+ */
+
+#define CS4281_FIFO_SIZE	32
+
+/*
+ *  common I/O routines
+ */
+
+static inline void snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(struct cs4281 *chip, unsigned long offset,
+				      unsigned int val)
+{
+        writel(val, chip->ba0 + offset);
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int snd_cs4281_peekBA0(struct cs4281 *chip, unsigned long offset)
+{
+        return readl(chip->ba0 + offset);
+}
+
+static void snd_cs4281_ac97_write(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
+				  unsigned short reg, unsigned short val)
+{
+	/*
+	 *  1. Write ACCAD = Command Address Register = 46Ch for AC97 register address
+	 *  2. Write ACCDA = Command Data Register = 470h    for data to write to AC97
+	 *  3. Write ACCTL = Control Register = 460h for initiating the write
+	 *  4. Read ACCTL = 460h, DCV should be reset by now and 460h = 07h
+	 *  5. if DCV not cleared, break and return error
+	 */
+	struct cs4281 *chip = ac97->private_data;
+	int count;
+
+	/*
+	 *  Setup the AC97 control registers on the CS461x to send the
+	 *  appropriate command to the AC97 to perform the read.
+	 *  ACCAD = Command Address Register = 46Ch
+	 *  ACCDA = Command Data Register = 470h
+	 *  ACCTL = Control Register = 460h
+	 *  set DCV - will clear when process completed
+	 *  reset CRW - Write command
+	 *  set VFRM - valid frame enabled
+	 *  set ESYN - ASYNC generation enabled
+	 *  set RSTN - ARST# inactive, AC97 codec not reset
+         */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ACCAD, reg);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ACCDA, val);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ACCTL, BA0_ACCTL_DCV | BA0_ACCTL_VFRM |
+				            BA0_ACCTL_ESYN | (ac97->num ? BA0_ACCTL_TC : 0));
+	for (count = 0; count < 2000; count++) {
+		/*
+		 *  First, we want to wait for a short time.
+		 */
+		udelay(10);
+		/*
+		 *  Now, check to see if the write has completed.
+		 *  ACCTL = 460h, DCV should be reset by now and 460h = 07h
+		 */
+		if (!(snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_ACCTL) & BA0_ACCTL_DCV)) {
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+	dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+		"AC'97 write problem, reg = 0x%x, val = 0x%x\n", reg, val);
+}
+
+static unsigned short snd_cs4281_ac97_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
+					   unsigned short reg)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = ac97->private_data;
+	int count;
+	unsigned short result;
+	// FIXME: volatile is necessary in the following due to a bug of
+	// some gcc versions
+	volatile int ac97_num = ((volatile struct snd_ac97 *)ac97)->num;
+
+	/*
+	 *  1. Write ACCAD = Command Address Register = 46Ch for AC97 register address
+	 *  2. Write ACCDA = Command Data Register = 470h    for data to write to AC97 
+	 *  3. Write ACCTL = Control Register = 460h for initiating the write
+	 *  4. Read ACCTL = 460h, DCV should be reset by now and 460h = 17h
+	 *  5. if DCV not cleared, break and return error
+	 *  6. Read ACSTS = Status Register = 464h, check VSTS bit
+	 */
+
+	snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, ac97_num ? BA0_ACSDA2 : BA0_ACSDA);
+
+	/*
+	 *  Setup the AC97 control registers on the CS461x to send the
+	 *  appropriate command to the AC97 to perform the read.
+	 *  ACCAD = Command Address Register = 46Ch
+	 *  ACCDA = Command Data Register = 470h
+	 *  ACCTL = Control Register = 460h
+	 *  set DCV - will clear when process completed
+	 *  set CRW - Read command
+	 *  set VFRM - valid frame enabled
+	 *  set ESYN - ASYNC generation enabled
+	 *  set RSTN - ARST# inactive, AC97 codec not reset
+	 */
+
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ACCAD, reg);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ACCDA, 0);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ACCTL, BA0_ACCTL_DCV | BA0_ACCTL_CRW |
+					    BA0_ACCTL_VFRM | BA0_ACCTL_ESYN |
+			   (ac97_num ? BA0_ACCTL_TC : 0));
+
+
+	/*
+	 *  Wait for the read to occur.
+	 */
+	for (count = 0; count < 500; count++) {
+		/*
+		 *  First, we want to wait for a short time.
+	 	 */
+		udelay(10);
+		/*
+		 *  Now, check to see if the read has completed.
+		 *  ACCTL = 460h, DCV should be reset by now and 460h = 17h
+		 */
+		if (!(snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_ACCTL) & BA0_ACCTL_DCV))
+			goto __ok1;
+	}
+
+	dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+		"AC'97 read problem (ACCTL_DCV), reg = 0x%x\n", reg);
+	result = 0xffff;
+	goto __end;
+	
+      __ok1:
+	/*
+	 *  Wait for the valid status bit to go active.
+	 */
+	for (count = 0; count < 100; count++) {
+		/*
+		 *  Read the AC97 status register.
+		 *  ACSTS = Status Register = 464h
+		 *  VSTS - Valid Status
+		 */
+		if (snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, ac97_num ? BA0_ACSTS2 : BA0_ACSTS) & BA0_ACSTS_VSTS)
+			goto __ok2;
+		udelay(10);
+	}
+	
+	dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+		"AC'97 read problem (ACSTS_VSTS), reg = 0x%x\n", reg);
+	result = 0xffff;
+	goto __end;
+
+      __ok2:
+	/*
+	 *  Read the data returned from the AC97 register.
+	 *  ACSDA = Status Data Register = 474h
+	 */
+	result = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, ac97_num ? BA0_ACSDA2 : BA0_ACSDA);
+
+      __end:
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  PCM part
+ */
+
+static int snd_cs4281_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
+{
+	struct cs4281_dma *dma = substream->runtime->private_data;
+	struct cs4281 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
+		dma->valDCR |= BA0_DCR_MSK;
+		dma->valFCR |= BA0_FCR_FEN;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE:
+		dma->valDCR &= ~BA0_DCR_MSK;
+		dma->valFCR &= ~BA0_FCR_FEN;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regDMR, dma->valDMR & ~BA0_DMR_DMA);
+		dma->valDMR |= BA0_DMR_DMA;
+		dma->valDCR &= ~BA0_DCR_MSK;
+		dma->valFCR |= BA0_FCR_FEN;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		dma->valDMR &= ~(BA0_DMR_DMA|BA0_DMR_POLL);
+		dma->valDCR |= BA0_DCR_MSK;
+		dma->valFCR &= ~BA0_FCR_FEN;
+		/* Leave wave playback FIFO enabled for FM */
+		if (dma->regFCR != BA0_FCR0)
+			dma->valFCR &= ~BA0_FCR_FEN;
+		break;
+	default:
+		spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regDMR, dma->valDMR);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regFCR, dma->valFCR);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regDCR, dma->valDCR);
+	spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned int snd_cs4281_rate(unsigned int rate, unsigned int *real_rate)
+{
+	unsigned int val = ~0;
+	
+	if (real_rate)
+		*real_rate = rate;
+	/* special "hardcoded" rates */
+	switch (rate) {
+	case 8000:	return 5;
+	case 11025:	return 4;
+	case 16000:	return 3;
+	case 22050:	return 2;
+	case 44100:	return 1;
+	case 48000:	return 0;
+	default:
+		goto __variable;
+	}
+      __variable:
+	val = 1536000 / rate;
+	if (real_rate)
+		*real_rate = 1536000 / val;
+	return val;
+}
+
+static void snd_cs4281_mode(struct cs4281 *chip, struct cs4281_dma *dma,
+			    struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
+			    int capture, int src)
+{
+	int rec_mono;
+
+	dma->valDMR = BA0_DMR_TYPE_SINGLE | BA0_DMR_AUTO |
+		      (capture ? BA0_DMR_TR_WRITE : BA0_DMR_TR_READ);
+	if (runtime->channels == 1)
+		dma->valDMR |= BA0_DMR_MONO;
+	if (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) > 0)
+		dma->valDMR |= BA0_DMR_USIGN;
+	if (snd_pcm_format_big_endian(runtime->format) > 0)
+		dma->valDMR |= BA0_DMR_BEND;
+	switch (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format)) {
+	case 8: dma->valDMR |= BA0_DMR_SIZE8;
+		if (runtime->channels == 1)
+			dma->valDMR |= BA0_DMR_SWAPC;
+		break;
+	case 32: dma->valDMR |= BA0_DMR_SIZE20; break;
+	}
+	dma->frag = 0;	/* for workaround */
+	dma->valDCR = BA0_DCR_TCIE | BA0_DCR_MSK;
+	if (runtime->buffer_size != runtime->period_size)
+		dma->valDCR |= BA0_DCR_HTCIE;
+	/* Initialize DMA */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regDBA, runtime->dma_addr);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regDBC, runtime->buffer_size - 1);
+	rec_mono = (chip->dma[1].valDMR & BA0_DMR_MONO) == BA0_DMR_MONO;
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SRCSA, (chip->src_left_play_slot << 0) |
+					    (chip->src_right_play_slot << 8) |
+					    (chip->src_left_rec_slot << 16) |
+					    ((rec_mono ? 31 : chip->src_right_rec_slot) << 24));
+	if (!src)
+		goto __skip_src;
+	if (!capture) {
+		if (dma->left_slot == chip->src_left_play_slot) {
+			unsigned int val = snd_cs4281_rate(runtime->rate, NULL);
+			snd_BUG_ON(dma->right_slot != chip->src_right_play_slot);
+			snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_DACSR, val);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (dma->left_slot == chip->src_left_rec_slot) {
+			unsigned int val = snd_cs4281_rate(runtime->rate, NULL);
+			snd_BUG_ON(dma->right_slot != chip->src_right_rec_slot);
+			snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ADCSR, val);
+		}
+	}
+      __skip_src:
+	/* Deactivate wave playback FIFO before changing slot assignments */
+	if (dma->regFCR == BA0_FCR0)
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regFCR, snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, dma->regFCR) & ~BA0_FCR_FEN);
+	/* Initialize FIFO */
+	dma->valFCR = BA0_FCR_LS(dma->left_slot) |
+		      BA0_FCR_RS(capture && (dma->valDMR & BA0_DMR_MONO) ? 31 : dma->right_slot) |
+		      BA0_FCR_SZ(CS4281_FIFO_SIZE) |
+		      BA0_FCR_OF(dma->fifo_offset);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regFCR, dma->valFCR | (capture ? BA0_FCR_PSH : 0));
+	/* Activate FIFO again for FM playback */
+	if (dma->regFCR == BA0_FCR0)
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regFCR, dma->valFCR | BA0_FCR_FEN);
+	/* Clear FIFO Status and Interrupt Control Register */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regFSIC, 0);
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_lib_malloc_pages(substream, params_buffer_bytes(hw_params));
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_lib_free_pages(substream);
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct cs4281_dma *dma = runtime->private_data;
+	struct cs4281 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	snd_cs4281_mode(chip, dma, runtime, 0, 1);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct cs4281_dma *dma = runtime->private_data;
+	struct cs4281 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	snd_cs4281_mode(chip, dma, runtime, 1, 1);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_cs4281_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct cs4281_dma *dma = runtime->private_data;
+	struct cs4281 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	/*
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"DCC = 0x%x, buffer_size = 0x%x, jiffies = %li\n",
+		snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, dma->regDCC), runtime->buffer_size,
+	       jiffies);
+	*/
+	return runtime->buffer_size -
+	       snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, dma->regDCC) - 1;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_cs4281_playback =
+{
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME,
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 |
+				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
+				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_BE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE |
+				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE |
+				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_BE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(512*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(512*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		2,
+	.fifo_size =		CS4281_FIFO_SIZE,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_cs4281_capture =
+{
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME,
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 |
+				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
+				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_BE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE |
+				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE |
+				SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_BE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(512*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(512*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		2,
+	.fifo_size =		CS4281_FIFO_SIZE,
+};
+
+static int snd_cs4281_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct cs4281_dma *dma;
+
+	dma = &chip->dma[0];
+	dma->substream = substream;
+	dma->left_slot = 0;
+	dma->right_slot = 1;
+	runtime->private_data = dma;
+	runtime->hw = snd_cs4281_playback;
+	/* should be detected from the AC'97 layer, but it seems
+	   that although CS4297A rev B reports 18-bit ADC resolution,
+	   samples are 20-bit */
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_msbits(runtime, 0, 32, 20);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct cs4281_dma *dma;
+
+	dma = &chip->dma[1];
+	dma->substream = substream;
+	dma->left_slot = 10;
+	dma->right_slot = 11;
+	runtime->private_data = dma;
+	runtime->hw = snd_cs4281_capture;
+	/* should be detected from the AC'97 layer, but it seems
+	   that although CS4297A rev B reports 18-bit ADC resolution,
+	   samples are 20-bit */
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_msbits(runtime, 0, 32, 20);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct cs4281_dma *dma = substream->runtime->private_data;
+
+	dma->substream = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct cs4281_dma *dma = substream->runtime->private_data;
+
+	dma->substream = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_cs4281_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_cs4281_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_cs4281_playback_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_cs4281_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_cs4281_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_cs4281_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_cs4281_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_cs4281_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_cs4281_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_cs4281_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_cs4281_capture_close,
+	.ioctl =	snd_pcm_lib_ioctl,
+	.hw_params =	snd_cs4281_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_cs4281_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_cs4281_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_cs4281_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_cs4281_pointer,
+};
+
+static int snd_cs4281_pcm(struct cs4281 *chip, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "CS4281", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_cs4281_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_cs4281_capture_ops);
+
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	pcm->info_flags = 0;
+	strcpy(pcm->name, "CS4281");
+	chip->pcm = pcm;
+
+	snd_pcm_lib_preallocate_pages_for_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+					      snd_dma_pci_data(chip->pci), 64*1024, 512*1024);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Mixer section
+ */
+
+#define CS_VOL_MASK	0x1f
+
+static int snd_cs4281_info_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type              = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count             = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = CS_VOL_MASK;
+	return 0;
+}
+ 
+static int snd_cs4281_get_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int regL = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xffff;
+	int regR = kcontrol->private_value & 0xffff;
+	int volL, volR;
+
+	volL = CS_VOL_MASK - (snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, regL) & CS_VOL_MASK);
+	volR = CS_VOL_MASK - (snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, regR) & CS_VOL_MASK);
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = volL;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = volR;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_put_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change = 0;
+	int regL = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xffff;
+	int regR = kcontrol->private_value & 0xffff;
+	int volL, volR;
+
+	volL = CS_VOL_MASK - (snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, regL) & CS_VOL_MASK);
+	volR = CS_VOL_MASK - (snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, regR) & CS_VOL_MASK);
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] != volL) {
+		volL = CS_VOL_MASK - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & CS_VOL_MASK);
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, regL, volL);
+		change = 1;
+	}
+	if (ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] != volR) {
+		volR = CS_VOL_MASK - (ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & CS_VOL_MASK);
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, regR, volR);
+		change = 1;
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_dsp, -4650, 150, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_cs4281_fm_vol =
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Synth Playback Volume",
+	.info = snd_cs4281_info_volume, 
+	.get = snd_cs4281_get_volume,
+	.put = snd_cs4281_put_volume, 
+	.private_value = ((BA0_FMLVC << 16) | BA0_FMRVC),
+	.tlv = { .p = db_scale_dsp },
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_cs4281_pcm_vol =
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "PCM Stream Playback Volume",
+	.info = snd_cs4281_info_volume, 
+	.get = snd_cs4281_get_volume,
+	.put = snd_cs4281_put_volume, 
+	.private_value = ((BA0_PPLVC << 16) | BA0_PPRVC),
+	.tlv = { .p = db_scale_dsp },
+};
+
+static void snd_cs4281_mixer_free_ac97_bus(struct snd_ac97_bus *bus)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = bus->private_data;
+	chip->ac97_bus = NULL;
+}
+
+static void snd_cs4281_mixer_free_ac97(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = ac97->private_data;
+	if (ac97->num)
+		chip->ac97_secondary = NULL;
+	else
+		chip->ac97 = NULL;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_mixer(struct cs4281 *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
+	struct snd_ac97_template ac97;
+	int err;
+	static struct snd_ac97_bus_ops ops = {
+		.write = snd_cs4281_ac97_write,
+		.read = snd_cs4281_ac97_read,
+	};
+
+	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	chip->ac97_bus->private_free = snd_cs4281_mixer_free_ac97_bus;
+
+	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
+	ac97.private_data = chip;
+	ac97.private_free = snd_cs4281_mixer_free_ac97;
+	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (chip->dual_codec) {
+		ac97.num = 1;
+		if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97_secondary)) < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4281_fm_vol, chip))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4281_pcm_vol, chip))) < 0)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * proc interface
+ */
+
+static void snd_cs4281_proc_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, 
+				  struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = entry->private_data;
+
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Cirrus Logic CS4281\n\n");
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Spurious half IRQs   : %u\n", chip->spurious_dhtc_irq);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Spurious end IRQs    : %u\n", chip->spurious_dtc_irq);
+}
+
+static ssize_t snd_cs4281_BA0_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
+				   void *file_private_data,
+				   struct file *file, char __user *buf,
+				   size_t count, loff_t pos)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = entry->private_data;
+	
+	if (copy_to_user_fromio(buf, chip->ba0 + pos, count))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return count;
+}
+
+static ssize_t snd_cs4281_BA1_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
+				   void *file_private_data,
+				   struct file *file, char __user *buf,
+				   size_t count, loff_t pos)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = entry->private_data;
+	
+	if (copy_to_user_fromio(buf, chip->ba1 + pos, count))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return count;
+}
+
+static struct snd_info_entry_ops snd_cs4281_proc_ops_BA0 = {
+	.read = snd_cs4281_BA0_read,
+};
+
+static struct snd_info_entry_ops snd_cs4281_proc_ops_BA1 = {
+	.read = snd_cs4281_BA1_read,
+};
+
+static void snd_cs4281_proc_init(struct cs4281 *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_info_entry *entry;
+
+	if (! snd_card_proc_new(chip->card, "cs4281", &entry))
+		snd_info_set_text_ops(entry, chip, snd_cs4281_proc_read);
+	if (! snd_card_proc_new(chip->card, "cs4281_BA0", &entry)) {
+		entry->content = SNDRV_INFO_CONTENT_DATA;
+		entry->private_data = chip;
+		entry->c.ops = &snd_cs4281_proc_ops_BA0;
+		entry->size = CS4281_BA0_SIZE;
+	}
+	if (! snd_card_proc_new(chip->card, "cs4281_BA1", &entry)) {
+		entry->content = SNDRV_INFO_CONTENT_DATA;
+		entry->private_data = chip;
+		entry->c.ops = &snd_cs4281_proc_ops_BA1;
+		entry->size = CS4281_BA1_SIZE;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * joystick support
+ */
+
+#if IS_REACHABLE(CONFIG_GAMEPORT)
+
+static void snd_cs4281_gameport_trigger(struct gameport *gameport)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = gameport_get_port_data(gameport);
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip))
+		return;
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_JSPT, 0xff);
+}
+
+static unsigned char snd_cs4281_gameport_read(struct gameport *gameport)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = gameport_get_port_data(gameport);
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip))
+		return 0;
+	return snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_JSPT);
+}
+
+#ifdef COOKED_MODE
+static int snd_cs4281_gameport_cooked_read(struct gameport *gameport,
+					   int *axes, int *buttons)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = gameport_get_port_data(gameport);
+	unsigned js1, js2, jst;
+	
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip))
+		return 0;
+
+	js1 = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_JSC1);
+	js2 = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_JSC2);
+	jst = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_JSPT);
+	
+	*buttons = (~jst >> 4) & 0x0F; 
+	
+	axes[0] = ((js1 & JSC1_Y1V_MASK) >> JSC1_Y1V_SHIFT) & 0xFFFF;
+	axes[1] = ((js1 & JSC1_X1V_MASK) >> JSC1_X1V_SHIFT) & 0xFFFF;
+	axes[2] = ((js2 & JSC2_Y2V_MASK) >> JSC2_Y2V_SHIFT) & 0xFFFF;
+	axes[3] = ((js2 & JSC2_X2V_MASK) >> JSC2_X2V_SHIFT) & 0xFFFF;
+
+	for (jst = 0; jst < 4; ++jst)
+		if (axes[jst] == 0xFFFF) axes[jst] = -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+#else
+#define snd_cs4281_gameport_cooked_read	NULL
+#endif
+
+static int snd_cs4281_gameport_open(struct gameport *gameport, int mode)
+{
+	switch (mode) {
+#ifdef COOKED_MODE
+	case GAMEPORT_MODE_COOKED:
+		return 0;
+#endif
+	case GAMEPORT_MODE_RAW:
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_create_gameport(struct cs4281 *chip)
+{
+	struct gameport *gp;
+
+	chip->gameport = gp = gameport_allocate_port();
+	if (!gp) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"cannot allocate memory for gameport\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	gameport_set_name(gp, "CS4281 Gameport");
+	gameport_set_phys(gp, "pci%s/gameport0", pci_name(chip->pci));
+	gameport_set_dev_parent(gp, &chip->pci->dev);
+	gp->open = snd_cs4281_gameport_open;
+	gp->read = snd_cs4281_gameport_read;
+	gp->trigger = snd_cs4281_gameport_trigger;
+	gp->cooked_read = snd_cs4281_gameport_cooked_read;
+	gameport_set_port_data(gp, chip);
+
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_JSIO, 0xFF); // ?
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_JSCTL, JSCTL_SP_MEDIUM_SLOW);
+
+	gameport_register_port(gp);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_cs4281_free_gameport(struct cs4281 *chip)
+{
+	if (chip->gameport) {
+		gameport_unregister_port(chip->gameport);
+		chip->gameport = NULL;
+	}
+}
+#else
+static inline int snd_cs4281_create_gameport(struct cs4281 *chip) { return -ENOSYS; }
+static inline void snd_cs4281_free_gameport(struct cs4281 *chip) { }
+#endif /* IS_REACHABLE(CONFIG_GAMEPORT) */
+
+static int snd_cs4281_free(struct cs4281 *chip)
+{
+	snd_cs4281_free_gameport(chip);
+
+	if (chip->irq >= 0)
+		synchronize_irq(chip->irq);
+
+	/* Mask interrupts */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_HIMR, 0x7fffffff);
+	/* Stop the DLL Clock logic. */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1, 0);
+	/* Sound System Power Management - Turn Everything OFF */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SSPM, 0);
+	/* PCI interface - D3 state */
+	pci_set_power_state(chip->pci, PCI_D3hot);
+
+	if (chip->irq >= 0)
+		free_irq(chip->irq, chip);
+	iounmap(chip->ba0);
+	iounmap(chip->ba1);
+	pci_release_regions(chip->pci);
+	pci_disable_device(chip->pci);
+
+	kfree(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = device->device_data;
+	return snd_cs4281_free(chip);
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_chip_init(struct cs4281 *chip); /* defined below */
+
+static int snd_cs4281_create(struct snd_card *card,
+			     struct pci_dev *pci,
+			     struct cs4281 **rchip,
+			     int dual_codec)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip;
+	unsigned int tmp;
+	int err;
+	static struct snd_device_ops ops = {
+		.dev_free =	snd_cs4281_dev_free,
+	};
+
+	*rchip = NULL;
+	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (chip == NULL) {
+		pci_disable_device(pci);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
+	chip->card = card;
+	chip->pci = pci;
+	chip->irq = -1;
+	pci_set_master(pci);
+	if (dual_codec < 0 || dual_codec > 3) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "invalid dual_codec option %d\n", dual_codec);
+		dual_codec = 0;
+	}
+	chip->dual_codec = dual_codec;
+
+	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "CS4281")) < 0) {
+		kfree(chip);
+		pci_disable_device(pci);
+		return err;
+	}
+	chip->ba0_addr = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
+	chip->ba1_addr = pci_resource_start(pci, 1);
+
+	chip->ba0 = pci_ioremap_bar(pci, 0);
+	chip->ba1 = pci_ioremap_bar(pci, 1);
+	if (!chip->ba0 || !chip->ba1) {
+		snd_cs4281_free(chip);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	
+	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_cs4281_interrupt, IRQF_SHARED,
+			KBUILD_MODNAME, chip)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_cs4281_free(chip);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	chip->irq = pci->irq;
+
+	tmp = snd_cs4281_chip_init(chip);
+	if (tmp) {
+		snd_cs4281_free(chip);
+		return tmp;
+	}
+
+	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+		snd_cs4281_free(chip);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	snd_cs4281_proc_init(chip);
+
+	*rchip = chip;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_chip_init(struct cs4281 *chip)
+{
+	unsigned int tmp;
+	unsigned long end_time;
+	int retry_count = 2;
+
+	/* Having EPPMC.FPDN=1 prevent proper chip initialisation */
+	tmp = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_EPPMC);
+	if (tmp & BA0_EPPMC_FPDN)
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_EPPMC, tmp & ~BA0_EPPMC_FPDN);
+
+      __retry:
+	tmp = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_CFLR);
+	if (tmp != BA0_CFLR_DEFAULT) {
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CFLR, BA0_CFLR_DEFAULT);
+		tmp = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_CFLR);
+		if (tmp != BA0_CFLR_DEFAULT) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+				"CFLR setup failed (0x%x)\n", tmp);
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Set the 'Configuration Write Protect' register
+	 * to 4281h.  Allows vendor-defined configuration
+         * space between 0e4h and 0ffh to be written. */	
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CWPR, 0x4281);
+	
+	if ((tmp = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_SERC1)) != (BA0_SERC1_SO1EN | BA0_SERC1_AC97)) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"SERC1 AC'97 check failed (0x%x)\n", tmp);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	if ((tmp = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_SERC2)) != (BA0_SERC2_SI1EN | BA0_SERC2_AC97)) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"SERC2 AC'97 check failed (0x%x)\n", tmp);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	/* Sound System Power Management */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SSPM, BA0_SSPM_MIXEN | BA0_SSPM_CSRCEN |
+				           BA0_SSPM_PSRCEN | BA0_SSPM_JSEN |
+				           BA0_SSPM_ACLEN | BA0_SSPM_FMEN);
+
+	/* Serial Port Power Management */
+ 	/* Blast the clock control register to zero so that the
+         * PLL starts out in a known state, and blast the master serial
+         * port control register to zero so that the serial ports also
+         * start out in a known state. */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1, 0);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SERMC, 0);
+
+        /* Make ESYN go to zero to turn off
+         * the Sync pulse on the AC97 link. */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ACCTL, 0);
+	udelay(50);
+                
+	/*  Drive the ARST# pin low for a minimum of 1uS (as defined in the AC97
+	 *  spec) and then drive it high.  This is done for non AC97 modes since
+	 *  there might be logic external to the CS4281 that uses the ARST# line
+	 *  for a reset. */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SPMC, 0);
+	udelay(50);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SPMC, BA0_SPMC_RSTN);
+	msleep(50);
+
+	if (chip->dual_codec)
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SPMC, BA0_SPMC_RSTN | BA0_SPMC_ASDI2E);
+
+	/*
+	 *  Set the serial port timing configuration.
+	 */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SERMC,
+			   (chip->dual_codec ? BA0_SERMC_TCID(chip->dual_codec) : BA0_SERMC_TCID(1)) |
+			   BA0_SERMC_PTC_AC97 | BA0_SERMC_MSPE);
+
+	/*
+	 *  Start the DLL Clock logic.
+	 */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1, BA0_CLKCR1_DLLP);
+	msleep(50);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1, BA0_CLKCR1_SWCE | BA0_CLKCR1_DLLP);
+
+	/*
+	 * Wait for the DLL ready signal from the clock logic.
+	 */
+	end_time = jiffies + HZ;
+	do {
+		/*
+		 *  Read the AC97 status register to see if we've seen a CODEC
+		 *  signal from the AC97 codec.
+		 */
+		if (snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1) & BA0_CLKCR1_DLLRDY)
+			goto __ok0;
+		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+
+	dev_err(chip->card->dev, "DLLRDY not seen\n");
+	return -EIO;
+
+      __ok0:
+
+	/*
+	 *  The first thing we do here is to enable sync generation.  As soon
+	 *  as we start receiving bit clock, we'll start producing the SYNC
+	 *  signal.
+	 */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ACCTL, BA0_ACCTL_ESYN);
+
+	/*
+	 * Wait for the codec ready signal from the AC97 codec.
+	 */
+	end_time = jiffies + HZ;
+	do {
+		/*
+		 *  Read the AC97 status register to see if we've seen a CODEC
+		 *  signal from the AC97 codec.
+		 */
+		if (snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_ACSTS) & BA0_ACSTS_CRDY)
+			goto __ok1;
+		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+
+	dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+		"never read codec ready from AC'97 (0x%x)\n",
+		snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_ACSTS));
+	return -EIO;
+
+      __ok1:
+	if (chip->dual_codec) {
+		end_time = jiffies + HZ;
+		do {
+			if (snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_ACSTS2) & BA0_ACSTS_CRDY)
+				goto __codec2_ok;
+			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+		} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+		dev_info(chip->card->dev,
+			 "secondary codec doesn't respond. disable it...\n");
+		chip->dual_codec = 0;
+	__codec2_ok: ;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 *  Assert the valid frame signal so that we can start sending commands
+	 *  to the AC97 codec.
+	 */
+
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ACCTL, BA0_ACCTL_VFRM | BA0_ACCTL_ESYN);
+
+	/*
+	 *  Wait until we've sampled input slots 3 and 4 as valid, meaning that
+	 *  the codec is pumping ADC data across the AC-link.
+	 */
+
+	end_time = jiffies + HZ;
+	do {
+		/*
+		 *  Read the input slot valid register and see if input slots 3
+		 *  4 are valid yet.
+		 */
+                if ((snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_ACISV) & (BA0_ACISV_SLV(3) | BA0_ACISV_SLV(4))) == (BA0_ACISV_SLV(3) | BA0_ACISV_SLV(4)))
+                        goto __ok2;
+		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
+
+	if (--retry_count > 0)
+		goto __retry;
+	dev_err(chip->card->dev, "never read ISV3 and ISV4 from AC'97\n");
+	return -EIO;
+
+      __ok2:
+
+	/*
+	 *  Now, assert valid frame and the slot 3 and 4 valid bits.  This will
+	 *  commense the transfer of digital audio data to the AC97 codec.
+	 */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_ACOSV, BA0_ACOSV_SLV(3) | BA0_ACOSV_SLV(4));
+
+	/*
+	 *  Initialize DMA structures
+	 */
+	for (tmp = 0; tmp < 4; tmp++) {
+		struct cs4281_dma *dma = &chip->dma[tmp];
+		dma->regDBA = BA0_DBA0 + (tmp * 0x10);
+		dma->regDCA = BA0_DCA0 + (tmp * 0x10);
+		dma->regDBC = BA0_DBC0 + (tmp * 0x10);
+		dma->regDCC = BA0_DCC0 + (tmp * 0x10);
+		dma->regDMR = BA0_DMR0 + (tmp * 8);
+		dma->regDCR = BA0_DCR0 + (tmp * 8);
+		dma->regHDSR = BA0_HDSR0 + (tmp * 4);
+		dma->regFCR = BA0_FCR0 + (tmp * 4);
+		dma->regFSIC = BA0_FSIC0 + (tmp * 4);
+		dma->fifo_offset = tmp * CS4281_FIFO_SIZE;
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, dma->regFCR,
+				   BA0_FCR_LS(31) |
+				   BA0_FCR_RS(31) |
+				   BA0_FCR_SZ(CS4281_FIFO_SIZE) |
+				   BA0_FCR_OF(dma->fifo_offset));
+	}
+
+	chip->src_left_play_slot = 0;	/* AC'97 left PCM playback (3) */
+	chip->src_right_play_slot = 1;	/* AC'97 right PCM playback (4) */
+	chip->src_left_rec_slot = 10;	/* AC'97 left PCM record (3) */
+	chip->src_right_rec_slot = 11;	/* AC'97 right PCM record (4) */
+
+	/* Activate wave playback FIFO for FM playback */
+	chip->dma[0].valFCR = BA0_FCR_FEN | BA0_FCR_LS(0) |
+		              BA0_FCR_RS(1) |
+ 	  	              BA0_FCR_SZ(CS4281_FIFO_SIZE) |
+		              BA0_FCR_OF(chip->dma[0].fifo_offset);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, chip->dma[0].regFCR, chip->dma[0].valFCR);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SRCSA, (chip->src_left_play_slot << 0) |
+					    (chip->src_right_play_slot << 8) |
+					    (chip->src_left_rec_slot << 16) |
+					    (chip->src_right_rec_slot << 24));
+
+	/* Initialize digital volume */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_PPLVC, 0);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_PPRVC, 0);
+
+	/* Enable IRQs */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_HICR, BA0_HICR_EOI);
+	/* Unmask interrupts */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_HIMR, 0x7fffffff & ~(
+					BA0_HISR_MIDI |
+					BA0_HISR_DMAI |
+					BA0_HISR_DMA(0) |
+					BA0_HISR_DMA(1) |
+					BA0_HISR_DMA(2) |
+					BA0_HISR_DMA(3)));
+	synchronize_irq(chip->irq);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  MIDI section
+ */
+
+static void snd_cs4281_midi_reset(struct cs4281 *chip)
+{
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr | BA0_MIDCR_MRST);
+	udelay(100);
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr);
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_midi_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+ 	chip->midcr |= BA0_MIDCR_RXE;
+	chip->midi_input = substream;
+	if (!(chip->uartm & CS4281_MODE_OUTPUT)) {
+		snd_cs4281_midi_reset(chip);
+	} else {
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_midi_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	chip->midcr &= ~(BA0_MIDCR_RXE | BA0_MIDCR_RIE);
+	chip->midi_input = NULL;
+	if (!(chip->uartm & CS4281_MODE_OUTPUT)) {
+		snd_cs4281_midi_reset(chip);
+	} else {
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr);
+	}
+	chip->uartm &= ~CS4281_MODE_INPUT;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_midi_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	chip->uartm |= CS4281_MODE_OUTPUT;
+	chip->midcr |= BA0_MIDCR_TXE;
+	chip->midi_output = substream;
+	if (!(chip->uartm & CS4281_MODE_INPUT)) {
+		snd_cs4281_midi_reset(chip);
+	} else {
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_midi_output_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	chip->midcr &= ~(BA0_MIDCR_TXE | BA0_MIDCR_TIE);
+	chip->midi_output = NULL;
+	if (!(chip->uartm & CS4281_MODE_INPUT)) {
+		snd_cs4281_midi_reset(chip);
+	} else {
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr);
+	}
+	chip->uartm &= ~CS4281_MODE_OUTPUT;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_cs4281_midi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct cs4281 *chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	if (up) {
+		if ((chip->midcr & BA0_MIDCR_RIE) == 0) {
+			chip->midcr |= BA0_MIDCR_RIE;
+			snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (chip->midcr & BA0_MIDCR_RIE) {
+			chip->midcr &= ~BA0_MIDCR_RIE;
+			snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr);
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+}
+
+static void snd_cs4281_midi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct cs4281 *chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	unsigned char byte;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	if (up) {
+		if ((chip->midcr & BA0_MIDCR_TIE) == 0) {
+			chip->midcr |= BA0_MIDCR_TIE;
+			/* fill UART FIFO buffer at first, and turn Tx interrupts only if necessary */
+			while ((chip->midcr & BA0_MIDCR_TIE) &&
+			       (snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_MIDSR) & BA0_MIDSR_TBF) == 0) {
+				if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(substream, &byte, 1) != 1) {
+					chip->midcr &= ~BA0_MIDCR_TIE;
+				} else {
+					snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDWP, byte);
+				}
+			}
+			snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (chip->midcr & BA0_MIDCR_TIE) {
+			chip->midcr &= ~BA0_MIDCR_TIE;
+			snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr);
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_cs4281_midi_output =
+{
+	.open =		snd_cs4281_midi_output_open,
+	.close =	snd_cs4281_midi_output_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_cs4281_midi_output_trigger,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_cs4281_midi_input =
+{
+	.open = 	snd_cs4281_midi_input_open,
+	.close =	snd_cs4281_midi_input_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_cs4281_midi_input_trigger,
+};
+
+static int snd_cs4281_midi(struct cs4281 *chip, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	int err;
+
+	if ((err = snd_rawmidi_new(chip->card, "CS4281", device, 1, 1, &rmidi)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	strcpy(rmidi->name, "CS4281");
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT, &snd_cs4281_midi_output);
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT, &snd_cs4281_midi_input);
+	rmidi->info_flags |= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_OUTPUT | SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_INPUT | SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_DUPLEX;
+	rmidi->private_data = chip;
+	chip->rmidi = rmidi;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Interrupt handler
+ */
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_cs4281_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct cs4281 *chip = dev_id;
+	unsigned int status, dma, val;
+	struct cs4281_dma *cdma;
+
+	if (chip == NULL)
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+	status = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_HISR);
+	if ((status & 0x7fffffff) == 0) {
+		snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_HICR, BA0_HICR_EOI);
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+	}
+
+	if (status & (BA0_HISR_DMA(0)|BA0_HISR_DMA(1)|BA0_HISR_DMA(2)|BA0_HISR_DMA(3))) {
+		for (dma = 0; dma < 4; dma++)
+			if (status & BA0_HISR_DMA(dma)) {
+				cdma = &chip->dma[dma];
+				spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
+				/* ack DMA IRQ */
+				val = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, cdma->regHDSR);
+				/* workaround, sometimes CS4281 acknowledges */
+				/* end or middle transfer position twice */
+				cdma->frag++;
+				if ((val & BA0_HDSR_DHTC) && !(cdma->frag & 1)) {
+					cdma->frag--;
+					chip->spurious_dhtc_irq++;
+					spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
+					continue;
+				}
+				if ((val & BA0_HDSR_DTC) && (cdma->frag & 1)) {
+					cdma->frag--;
+					chip->spurious_dtc_irq++;
+					spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
+					continue;
+				}
+				spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
+				snd_pcm_period_elapsed(cdma->substream);
+			}
+	}
+
+	if ((status & BA0_HISR_MIDI) && chip->rmidi) {
+		unsigned char c;
+		
+		spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
+		while ((snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_MIDSR) & BA0_MIDSR_RBE) == 0) {
+			c = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_MIDRP);
+			if ((chip->midcr & BA0_MIDCR_RIE) == 0)
+				continue;
+			snd_rawmidi_receive(chip->midi_input, &c, 1);
+		}
+		while ((snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_MIDSR) & BA0_MIDSR_TBF) == 0) {
+			if ((chip->midcr & BA0_MIDCR_TIE) == 0)
+				break;
+			if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(chip->midi_output, &c, 1) != 1) {
+				chip->midcr &= ~BA0_MIDCR_TIE;
+				snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDCR, chip->midcr);
+				break;
+			}
+			snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_MIDWP, c);
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
+	}
+
+	/* EOI to the PCI part... reenables interrupts */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_HICR, BA0_HICR_EOI);
+
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * OPL3 command
+ */
+static void snd_cs4281_opl3_command(struct snd_opl3 *opl3, unsigned short cmd,
+				    unsigned char val)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct cs4281 *chip = opl3->private_data;
+	void __iomem *port;
+
+	if (cmd & OPL3_RIGHT)
+		port = chip->ba0 + BA0_B1AP; /* right port */
+	else
+		port = chip->ba0 + BA0_B0AP; /* left port */
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&opl3->reg_lock, flags);
+
+	writel((unsigned int)cmd, port);
+	udelay(10);
+
+	writel((unsigned int)val, port + 4);
+	udelay(30);
+
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&opl3->reg_lock, flags);
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4281_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct cs4281 *chip;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	int err;
+
+        if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+                return -ENODEV;
+	if (!enable[dev]) {
+		dev++;
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_card_new(&pci->dev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			   0, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if ((err = snd_cs4281_create(card, pci, &chip, dual_codec[dev])) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	card->private_data = chip;
+
+	if ((err = snd_cs4281_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	if ((err = snd_cs4281_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	if ((err = snd_cs4281_midi(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	if ((err = snd_opl3_new(card, OPL3_HW_OPL3_CS4281, &opl3)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	opl3->private_data = chip;
+	opl3->command = snd_cs4281_opl3_command;
+	snd_opl3_init(opl3);
+	if ((err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	snd_cs4281_create_gameport(chip);
+	strcpy(card->driver, "CS4281");
+	strcpy(card->shortname, "Cirrus Logic CS4281");
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d",
+		card->shortname,
+		chip->ba0_addr,
+		chip->irq);
+
+	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_cs4281_remove(struct pci_dev *pci)
+{
+	snd_card_free(pci_get_drvdata(pci));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Power Management
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+
+static int saved_regs[SUSPEND_REGISTERS] = {
+	BA0_JSCTL,
+	BA0_GPIOR,
+	BA0_SSCR,
+	BA0_MIDCR,
+	BA0_SRCSA,
+	BA0_PASR,
+	BA0_CASR,
+	BA0_DACSR,
+	BA0_ADCSR,
+	BA0_FMLVC,
+	BA0_FMRVC,
+	BA0_PPLVC,
+	BA0_PPRVC,
+};
+
+#define CLKCR1_CKRA                             0x00010000L
+
+static int cs4281_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct cs4281 *chip = card->private_data;
+	u32 ulCLK;
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	snd_pcm_suspend_all(chip->pcm);
+
+	snd_ac97_suspend(chip->ac97);
+	snd_ac97_suspend(chip->ac97_secondary);
+
+	ulCLK = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1);
+	ulCLK |= CLKCR1_CKRA;
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1, ulCLK);
+
+	/* Disable interrupts. */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_HICR, BA0_HICR_CHGM);
+
+	/* remember the status registers */
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(saved_regs); i++)
+		if (saved_regs[i])
+			chip->suspend_regs[i] = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, saved_regs[i]);
+
+	/* Turn off the serial ports. */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SERMC, 0);
+
+	/* Power off FM, Joystick, AC link, */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SSPM, 0);
+
+	/* DLL off. */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1, 0);
+
+	/* AC link off. */
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_SPMC, 0);
+
+	ulCLK = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1);
+	ulCLK &= ~CLKCR1_CKRA;
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1, ulCLK);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cs4281_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct cs4281 *chip = card->private_data;
+	unsigned int i;
+	u32 ulCLK;
+
+	ulCLK = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1);
+	ulCLK |= CLKCR1_CKRA;
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1, ulCLK);
+
+	snd_cs4281_chip_init(chip);
+
+	/* restore the status registers */
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(saved_regs); i++)
+		if (saved_regs[i])
+			snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, saved_regs[i], chip->suspend_regs[i]);
+
+	snd_ac97_resume(chip->ac97);
+	snd_ac97_resume(chip->ac97_secondary);
+
+	ulCLK = snd_cs4281_peekBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1);
+	ulCLK &= ~CLKCR1_CKRA;
+	snd_cs4281_pokeBA0(chip, BA0_CLKCR1, ulCLK);
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(cs4281_pm, cs4281_suspend, cs4281_resume);
+#define CS4281_PM_OPS	&cs4281_pm
+#else
+#define CS4281_PM_OPS	NULL
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */
+
+static struct pci_driver cs4281_driver = {
+	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
+	.id_table = snd_cs4281_ids,
+	.probe = snd_cs4281_probe,
+	.remove = snd_cs4281_remove,
+	.driver = {
+		.pm = CS4281_PM_OPS,
+	},
+};
+	
+module_pci_driver(cs4281_driver);