/* * BTS PMU driver for perf * Copyright (c) 2013-2014, Intel Corporation. * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License, * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation. * * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for * more details. */ #undef DEBUG #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "../perf_event.h" struct bts_ctx { struct perf_output_handle handle; struct debug_store ds_back; int state; }; /* BTS context states: */ enum { /* no ongoing AUX transactions */ BTS_STATE_STOPPED = 0, /* AUX transaction is on, BTS tracing is disabled */ BTS_STATE_INACTIVE, /* AUX transaction is on, BTS tracing is running */ BTS_STATE_ACTIVE, }; static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct bts_ctx, bts_ctx); #define BTS_RECORD_SIZE 24 #define BTS_SAFETY_MARGIN 4080 struct bts_phys { struct page *page; unsigned long size; unsigned long offset; unsigned long displacement; }; struct bts_buffer { size_t real_size; /* multiple of BTS_RECORD_SIZE */ unsigned int nr_pages; unsigned int nr_bufs; unsigned int cur_buf; bool snapshot; local_t data_size; local_t head; unsigned long end; void **data_pages; struct bts_phys buf[0]; }; static struct pmu bts_pmu; static int buf_nr_pages(struct page *page) { if (!PagePrivate(page)) return 1; return 1 << page_private(page); } static size_t buf_size(struct page *page) { return buf_nr_pages(page) * PAGE_SIZE; } static void * bts_buffer_setup_aux(struct perf_event *event, void **pages, int nr_pages, bool overwrite) { struct bts_buffer *buf; struct page *page; int cpu = event->cpu; int node = (cpu == -1) ? cpu : cpu_to_node(cpu); unsigned long offset; size_t size = nr_pages << PAGE_SHIFT; int pg, nbuf, pad; /* count all the high order buffers */ for (pg = 0, nbuf = 0; pg < nr_pages;) { page = virt_to_page(pages[pg]); pg += buf_nr_pages(page); nbuf++; } /* * to avoid interrupts in overwrite mode, only allow one physical */ if (overwrite && nbuf > 1) return NULL; buf = kzalloc_node(offsetof(struct bts_buffer, buf[nbuf]), GFP_KERNEL, node); if (!buf) return NULL; buf->nr_pages = nr_pages; buf->nr_bufs = nbuf; buf->snapshot = overwrite; buf->data_pages = pages; buf->real_size = size - size % BTS_RECORD_SIZE; for (pg = 0, nbuf = 0, offset = 0, pad = 0; nbuf < buf->nr_bufs; nbuf++) { unsigned int __nr_pages; page = virt_to_page(pages[pg]); __nr_pages = buf_nr_pages(page); buf->buf[nbuf].page = page; buf->buf[nbuf].offset = offset; buf->buf[nbuf].displacement = (pad ? BTS_RECORD_SIZE - pad : 0); buf->buf[nbuf].size = buf_size(page) - buf->buf[nbuf].displacement; pad = buf->buf[nbuf].size % BTS_RECORD_SIZE; buf->buf[nbuf].size -= pad; pg += __nr_pages; offset += __nr_pages << PAGE_SHIFT; } return buf; } static void bts_buffer_free_aux(void *data) { kfree(data); } static unsigned long bts_buffer_offset(struct bts_buffer *buf, unsigned int idx) { return buf->buf[idx].offset + buf->buf[idx].displacement; } static void bts_config_buffer(struct bts_buffer *buf) { int cpu = raw_smp_processor_id(); struct debug_store *ds = per_cpu(cpu_hw_events, cpu).ds; struct bts_phys *phys = &buf->buf[buf->cur_buf]; unsigned long index, thresh = 0, end = phys->size; struct page *page = phys->page; index = local_read(&buf->head); if (!buf->snapshot) { if (buf->end < phys->offset + buf_size(page)) end = buf->end - phys->offset - phys->displacement; index -= phys->offset + phys->displacement; if (end - index > BTS_SAFETY_MARGIN) thresh = end - BTS_SAFETY_MARGIN; else if (end - index > BTS_RECORD_SIZE) thresh = end - BTS_RECORD_SIZE; else thresh = end; } ds->bts_buffer_base = (u64)(long)page_address(page) + phys->displacement; ds->bts_index = ds->bts_buffer_base + index; ds->bts_absolute_maximum = ds->bts_buffer_base + end; ds->bts_interrupt_threshold = !buf->snapshot ? ds->bts_buffer_base + thresh : ds->bts_absolute_maximum + BTS_RECORD_SIZE; } static void bts_buffer_pad_out(struct bts_phys *phys, unsigned long head) { unsigned long index = head - phys->offset; memset(page_address(phys->page) + index, 0, phys->size - index); } static void bts_update(struct bts_ctx *bts) { int cpu = raw_smp_processor_id(); struct debug_store *ds = per_cpu(cpu_hw_events, cpu).ds; struct bts_buffer *buf = perf_get_aux(&bts->handle); unsigned long index = ds->bts_index - ds->bts_buffer_base, old, head; if (!buf) return; head = index + bts_buffer_offset(buf, buf->cur_buf); old = local_xchg(&buf->head, head); if (!buf->snapshot) { if (old == head) return; if (ds->bts_index >= ds->bts_absolute_maximum) perf_aux_output_flag(&bts->handle, PERF_AUX_FLAG_TRUNCATED); /* * old and head are always in the same physical buffer, so we * can subtract them to get the data size. */ local_add(head - old, &buf->data_size); } else { local_set(&buf->data_size, head); } } static int bts_buffer_reset(struct bts_buffer *buf, struct perf_output_handle *handle); /* * Ordering PMU callbacks wrt themselves and the PMI is done by means * of bts::state, which: * - is set when bts::handle::event is valid, that is, between * perf_aux_output_begin() and perf_aux_output_end(); * - is zero otherwise; * - is ordered against bts::handle::event with a compiler barrier. */ static void __bts_event_start(struct perf_event *event) { struct bts_ctx *bts = this_cpu_ptr(&bts_ctx); struct bts_buffer *buf = perf_get_aux(&bts->handle); u64 config = 0; if (!buf->snapshot) config |= ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL_INT; if (!event->attr.exclude_kernel) config |= ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL_OS; if (!event->attr.exclude_user) config |= ARCH_PERFMON_EVENTSEL_USR; bts_config_buffer(buf); /* * local barrier to make sure that ds configuration made it * before we enable BTS and bts::state goes ACTIVE */ wmb(); /* INACTIVE/STOPPED -> ACTIVE */ WRITE_ONCE(bts->state, BTS_STATE_ACTIVE); intel_pmu_enable_bts(config); } static void bts_event_start(struct perf_event *event, int flags) { struct cpu_hw_events *cpuc = this_cpu_ptr(&cpu_hw_events); struct bts_ctx *bts = this_cpu_ptr(&bts_ctx); struct bts_buffer *buf; buf = perf_aux_output_begin(&bts->handle, event); if (!buf) goto fail_stop; if (bts_buffer_reset(buf, &bts->handle)) goto fail_end_stop; bts->ds_back.bts_buffer_base = cpuc->ds->bts_buffer_base; bts->ds_back.bts_absolute_maximum = cpuc->ds->bts_absolute_maximum; bts->ds_back.bts_interrupt_threshold = cpuc->ds->bts_interrupt_threshold; perf_event_itrace_started(event); event->hw.state = 0; __bts_event_start(event); return; fail_end_stop: perf_aux_output_end(&bts->handle, 0); fail_stop: event->hw.state = PERF_HES_STOPPED; } static void __bts_event_stop(struct perf_event *event, int state) { struct bts_ctx *bts = this_cpu_ptr(&bts_ctx); /* ACTIVE -> INACTIVE(PMI)/STOPPED(->stop()) */ WRITE_ONCE(bts->state, state); /* * No extra synchronization is mandated by the documentation to have * BTS data stores globally visible. */ intel_pmu_disable_bts(); } static void bts_event_stop(struct perf_event *event, int flags) { struct cpu_hw_events *cpuc = this_cpu_ptr(&cpu_hw_events); struct bts_ctx *bts = this_cpu_ptr(&bts_ctx); struct bts_buffer *buf = NULL; int state = READ_ONCE(bts->state); if (state == BTS_STATE_ACTIVE) __bts_event_stop(event, BTS_STATE_STOPPED); if (state != BTS_STATE_STOPPED) buf = perf_get_aux(&bts->handle); event->hw.state |= PERF_HES_STOPPED; if (flags & PERF_EF_UPDATE) { bts_update(bts); if (buf) { if (buf->snapshot) bts->handle.head = local_xchg(&buf->data_size, buf->nr_pages << PAGE_SHIFT); perf_aux_output_end(&bts->handle, local_xchg(&buf->data_size, 0)); } cpuc->ds->bts_index = bts->ds_back.bts_buffer_base; cpuc->ds->bts_buffer_base = bts->ds_back.bts_buffer_base; cpuc->ds->bts_absolute_maximum = bts->ds_back.bts_absolute_maximum; cpuc->ds->bts_interrupt_threshold = bts->ds_back.bts_interrupt_threshold; } } void intel_bts_enable_local(void) { struct bts_ctx *bts = this_cpu_ptr(&bts_ctx); int state = READ_ONCE(bts->state); /* * Here we transition from INACTIVE to ACTIVE; * if we instead are STOPPED from the interrupt handler, * stay that way. Can't be ACTIVE here though. */ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(state == BTS_STATE_ACTIVE)) return; if (state == BTS_STATE_STOPPED) return; if (bts->handle.event) __bts_event_start(bts->handle.event); } void intel_bts_disable_local(void) { struct bts_ctx *bts = this_cpu_ptr(&bts_ctx); /* * Here we transition from ACTIVE to INACTIVE; * do nothing for STOPPED or INACTIVE. */ if (READ_ONCE(bts->state) != BTS_STATE_ACTIVE) return; if (bts->handle.event) __bts_event_stop(bts->handle.event, BTS_STATE_INACTIVE); } static int bts_buffer_reset(struct bts_buffer *buf, struct perf_output_handle *handle) { unsigned long head, space, next_space, pad, gap, skip, wakeup; unsigned int next_buf; struct bts_phys *phys, *next_phys; int ret; if (buf->snapshot) return 0; head = handle->head & ((buf->nr_pages << PAGE_SHIFT) - 1); phys = &buf->buf[buf->cur_buf]; space = phys->offset + phys->displacement + phys->size - head; pad = space; if (space > handle->size) { space = handle->size; space -= space % BTS_RECORD_SIZE; } if (space <= BTS_SAFETY_MARGIN) { /* See if next phys buffer has more space */ next_buf = buf->cur_buf + 1; if (next_buf >= buf->nr_bufs) next_buf = 0; next_phys = &buf->buf[next_buf]; gap = buf_size(phys->page) - phys->displacement - phys->size + next_phys->displacement; skip = pad + gap; if (handle->size >= skip) { next_space = next_phys->size; if (next_space + skip > handle->size) { next_space = handle->size - skip; next_space -= next_space % BTS_RECORD_SIZE; } if (next_space > space || !space) { if (pad) bts_buffer_pad_out(phys, head); ret = perf_aux_output_skip(handle, skip); if (ret) return ret; /* Advance to next phys buffer */ phys = next_phys; space = next_space; head = phys->offset + phys->displacement; /* * After this, cur_buf and head won't match ds * anymore, so we must not be racing with * bts_update(). */ buf->cur_buf = next_buf; local_set(&buf->head, head); } } } /* Don't go far beyond wakeup watermark */ wakeup = BTS_SAFETY_MARGIN + BTS_RECORD_SIZE + handle->wakeup - handle->head; if (space > wakeup) { space = wakeup; space -= space % BTS_RECORD_SIZE; } buf->end = head + space; /* * If we have no space, the lost notification would have been sent when * we hit absolute_maximum - see bts_update() */ if (!space) return -ENOSPC; return 0; } int intel_bts_interrupt(void) { struct debug_store *ds = this_cpu_ptr(&cpu_hw_events)->ds; struct bts_ctx *bts = this_cpu_ptr(&bts_ctx); struct perf_event *event = bts->handle.event; struct bts_buffer *buf; s64 old_head; int err = -ENOSPC, handled = 0; /* * The only surefire way of knowing if this NMI is ours is by checking * the write ptr against the PMI threshold. */ if (ds && (ds->bts_index >= ds->bts_interrupt_threshold)) handled = 1; /* * this is wrapped in intel_bts_enable_local/intel_bts_disable_local, * so we can only be INACTIVE or STOPPED */ if (READ_ONCE(bts->state) == BTS_STATE_STOPPED) return handled; buf = perf_get_aux(&bts->handle); if (!buf) return handled; /* * Skip snapshot counters: they don't use the interrupt, but * there's no other way of telling, because the pointer will * keep moving */ if (buf->snapshot) return 0; old_head = local_read(&buf->head); bts_update(bts); /* no new data */ if (old_head == local_read(&buf->head)) return handled; perf_aux_output_end(&bts->handle, local_xchg(&buf->data_size, 0)); buf = perf_aux_output_begin(&bts->handle, event); if (buf) err = bts_buffer_reset(buf, &bts->handle); if (err) { WRITE_ONCE(bts->state, BTS_STATE_STOPPED); if (buf) { /* * BTS_STATE_STOPPED should be visible before * cleared handle::event */ barrier(); perf_aux_output_end(&bts->handle, 0); } } return 1; } static void bts_event_del(struct perf_event *event, int mode) { bts_event_stop(event, PERF_EF_UPDATE); } static int bts_event_add(struct perf_event *event, int mode) { struct bts_ctx *bts = this_cpu_ptr(&bts_ctx); struct cpu_hw_events *cpuc = this_cpu_ptr(&cpu_hw_events); struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw; event->hw.state = PERF_HES_STOPPED; if (test_bit(INTEL_PMC_IDX_FIXED_BTS, cpuc->active_mask)) return -EBUSY; if (bts->handle.event) return -EBUSY; if (mode & PERF_EF_START) { bts_event_start(event, 0); if (hwc->state & PERF_HES_STOPPED) return -EINVAL; } return 0; } static void bts_event_destroy(struct perf_event *event) { x86_release_hardware(); x86_del_exclusive(x86_lbr_exclusive_bts); } static int bts_event_init(struct perf_event *event) { int ret; if (event->attr.type != bts_pmu.type) return -ENOENT; /* * BTS leaks kernel addresses even when CPL0 tracing is * disabled, so disallow intel_bts driver for unprivileged * users on paranoid systems since it provides trace data * to the user in a zero-copy fashion. * * Note that the default paranoia setting permits unprivileged * users to profile the kernel. */ if (event->attr.exclude_kernel && perf_paranoid_kernel() && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) return -EACCES; if (x86_add_exclusive(x86_lbr_exclusive_bts)) return -EBUSY; ret = x86_reserve_hardware(); if (ret) { x86_del_exclusive(x86_lbr_exclusive_bts); return ret; } event->destroy = bts_event_destroy; return 0; } static void bts_event_read(struct perf_event *event) { } static __init int bts_init(void) { if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_DTES64) || !x86_pmu.bts) return -ENODEV; if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI)) { /* * BTS hardware writes through a virtual memory map we must * either use the kernel physical map, or the user mapping of * the AUX buffer. * * However, since this driver supports per-CPU and per-task inherit * we cannot use the user mapping since it will not be availble * if we're not running the owning process. * * With PTI we can't use the kernal map either, because its not * there when we run userspace. * * For now, disable this driver when using PTI. */ return -ENODEV; } bts_pmu.capabilities = PERF_PMU_CAP_AUX_NO_SG | PERF_PMU_CAP_ITRACE | PERF_PMU_CAP_EXCLUSIVE; bts_pmu.task_ctx_nr = perf_sw_context; bts_pmu.event_init = bts_event_init; bts_pmu.add = bts_event_add; bts_pmu.del = bts_event_del; bts_pmu.start = bts_event_start; bts_pmu.stop = bts_event_stop; bts_pmu.read = bts_event_read; bts_pmu.setup_aux = bts_buffer_setup_aux; bts_pmu.free_aux = bts_buffer_free_aux; return perf_pmu_register(&bts_pmu, "intel_bts", -1); } arch_initcall(bts_init);