diff options
Diffstat (limited to '')
| -rw-r--r-- | bin/delv/delv.docbook | 701 |
1 files changed, 701 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/bin/delv/delv.docbook b/bin/delv/delv.docbook new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f8c4f79 --- /dev/null +++ b/bin/delv/delv.docbook @@ -0,0 +1,701 @@ +<!DOCTYPE book [ +<!ENTITY mdash "—">]> +<!-- + - Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC") + - + - This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public + - License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this + - file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. + - + - See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional + - information regarding copyright ownership. +--> + +<!-- Converted by db4-upgrade version 1.0 --> +<refentry xmlns:db="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:id="man.delv"> + <info> + <date>2014-04-23</date> + </info> + <refentryinfo> + <corpname>ISC</corpname> + <corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.</corpauthor> + </refentryinfo> + + <refmeta> + <refentrytitle>delv</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>1</manvolnum> + <refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo> + </refmeta> + + <refnamediv> + <refname>delv</refname> + <refpurpose>DNS lookup and validation utility</refpurpose> + </refnamediv> + + <docinfo> + <copyright> + <year>2014</year> + <year>2015</year> + <year>2016</year> + <year>2017</year> + <year>2018</year> + <year>2019</year> + <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder> + </copyright> + </docinfo> + + <refsynopsisdiv> + <cmdsynopsis sepchar=" "> + <command>delv</command> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat">@server</arg> + <group choice="opt" rep="norepeat"> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-4</option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-6</option></arg> + </group> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-a <replaceable class="parameter">anchor-file</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-b <replaceable class="parameter">address</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-d <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-i</option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-m</option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port#</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-q <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-x <replaceable class="parameter">addr</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat">name</arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat">type</arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat">class</arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">queryopt</arg> + </cmdsynopsis> + + <cmdsynopsis sepchar=" "> + <command>delv</command> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-h</option></arg> + </cmdsynopsis> + + <cmdsynopsis sepchar=" "> + <command>delv</command> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-v</option></arg> + </cmdsynopsis> + + <cmdsynopsis sepchar=" "> + <command>delv</command> + <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">queryopt</arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">query</arg> + </cmdsynopsis> + </refsynopsisdiv> + + <refsection><info><title>DESCRIPTION</title></info> + + <para><command>delv</command> + is a tool for sending + DNS queries and validating the results, using the same internal + resolver and validator logic as <command>named</command>. + </para> + <para> + <command>delv</command> will send to a specified name server all + queries needed to fetch and validate the requested data; this + includes the original requested query, subsequent queries to follow + CNAME or DNAME chains, and queries for DNSKEY, DS and DLV records + to establish a chain of trust for DNSSEC validation. + It does not perform iterative resolution, but simulates the + behavior of a name server configured for DNSSEC validating and + forwarding. + </para> + <para> + By default, responses are validated using built-in DNSSEC trust + anchor for the root zone ("."). Records returned by + <command>delv</command> are either fully validated or + were not signed. If validation fails, an explanation of + the failure is included in the output; the validation process + can be traced in detail. Because <command>delv</command> does + not rely on an external server to carry out validation, it can + be used to check the validity of DNS responses in environments + where local name servers may not be trustworthy. + </para> + <para> + Unless it is told to query a specific name server, + <command>delv</command> will try each of the servers listed in + <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>. If no usable server + addresses are found, <command>delv</command> will send + queries to the localhost addresses (127.0.0.1 for IPv4, ::1 + for IPv6). + </para> + <para> + When no command line arguments or options are given, + <command>delv</command> will perform an NS query for "." + (the root zone). + </para> + </refsection> + + <refsection><info><title>SIMPLE USAGE</title></info> + + + <para> + A typical invocation of <command>delv</command> looks like: + <programlisting> delv @server name type </programlisting> + where: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><constant>server</constant></term> + <listitem> + <para> + is the name or IP address of the name server to query. This + can be an IPv4 address in dotted-decimal notation or an IPv6 + address in colon-delimited notation. When the supplied + <parameter>server</parameter> argument is a hostname, + <command>delv</command> resolves that name before + querying that name server (note, however, that this + initial lookup is <emphasis>not</emphasis> validated + by DNSSEC). + </para> + <para> + If no <parameter>server</parameter> argument is + provided, <command>delv</command> consults + <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>; if an + address is found there, it queries the name server at + that address. If either of the <option>-4</option> or + <option>-6</option> options are in use, then + only addresses for the corresponding transport + will be tried. If no usable addresses are found, + <command>delv</command> will send queries to + the localhost addresses (127.0.0.1 for IPv4, + ::1 for IPv6). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><constant>name</constant></term> + <listitem> + <para> + is the domain name to be looked up. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><constant>type</constant></term> + <listitem> + <para> + indicates what type of query is required — + ANY, A, MX, etc. + <parameter>type</parameter> can be any valid query + type. If no + <parameter>type</parameter> argument is supplied, + <command>delv</command> will perform a lookup for an + A record. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </para> + + </refsection> + + <refsection><info><title>OPTIONS</title></info> + + <variablelist> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-a <replaceable class="parameter">anchor-file</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Specifies a file from which to read DNSSEC trust anchors. + The default is <filename>/etc/bind.keys</filename>, which + is included with <acronym>BIND</acronym> 9 and contains + one or more trust anchors for the root zone ("."). + </para> + <para> + Keys that do not match the root zone name are ignored. + An alternate key name can be specified using the + <option>+root=NAME</option> options. DNSSEC Lookaside + Validation can also be turned on by using the + <option>+dlv=NAME</option> to specify the name of a + zone containing DLV records. + </para> + <para> + Note: When reading the trust anchor file, + <command>delv</command> treats <option>managed-keys</option> + statements and <option>trusted-keys</option> statements + identically. That is, for a managed key, it is the + <emphasis>initial</emphasis> key that is trusted; RFC 5011 + key management is not supported. <command>delv</command> + will not consult the managed-keys database maintained by + <command>named</command>. This means that if either of the + keys in <filename>/etc/bind.keys</filename> is revoked + and rolled over, it will be necessary to update + <filename>/etc/bind.keys</filename> to use DNSSEC + validation in <command>delv</command>. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-b <replaceable class="parameter">address</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the source IP address of the query to + <parameter>address</parameter>. This must be a valid address + on one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or "::". + An optional source port may be specified by appending + "#<port>" + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the query class for the requested data. Currently, + only class "IN" is supported in <command>delv</command> + and any other value is ignored. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-d <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Set the systemwide debug level to <option>level</option>. + The allowed range is from 0 to 99. + The default is 0 (no debugging). + Debugging traces from <command>delv</command> become + more verbose as the debug level increases. + See the <option>+mtrace</option>, <option>+rtrace</option>, + and <option>+vtrace</option> options below for additional + debugging details. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-h</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Display the <command>delv</command> help usage output and exit. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-i</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Insecure mode. This disables internal DNSSEC validation. + (Note, however, this does not set the CD bit on upstream + queries. If the server being queried is performing DNSSEC + validation, then it will not return invalid data; this + can cause <command>delv</command> to time out. When it + is necessary to examine invalid data to debug a DNSSEC + problem, use <command>dig +cd</command>.) + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-m</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Enables memory usage debugging. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port#</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Specifies a destination port to use for queries instead of + the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used + with a name server that has been configured to listen + for queries on a non-standard port number. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-q <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the query name to <parameter>name</parameter>. + While the query name can be specified without using the + <option>-q</option>, it is sometimes necessary to disambiguate + names from types or classes (for example, when looking up the + name "ns", which could be misinterpreted as the type NS, + or "ch", which could be misinterpreted as class CH). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-t <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the query type to <parameter>type</parameter>, which + can be any valid query type supported in BIND 9 except + for zone transfer types AXFR and IXFR. As with + <option>-q</option>, this is useful to distinguish + query name type or class when they are ambiguous. + it is sometimes necessary to disambiguate names from types. + </para> + <para> + The default query type is "A", unless the <option>-x</option> + option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup, in which case + it is "PTR". + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-v</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Print the <command>delv</command> version and exit. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-x <replaceable class="parameter">addr</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Performs a reverse lookup, mapping an addresses to + a name. <parameter>addr</parameter> is an IPv4 address in + dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address. + When <option>-x</option> is used, there is no need to provide + the <parameter>name</parameter> or <parameter>type</parameter> + arguments. <command>delv</command> automatically performs a + lookup for a name like <literal>11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</literal> + and sets the query type to PTR. IPv6 addresses are looked up + using nibble format under the IP6.ARPA domain. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-4</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Forces <command>delv</command> to only use IPv4. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-6</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Forces <command>delv</command> to only use IPv6. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </refsection> + + <refsection><info><title>QUERY OPTIONS</title></info> + + + <para><command>delv</command> + provides a number of query options which affect the way results are + displayed, and in some cases the way lookups are performed. + </para> + + <para> + Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign + (<literal>+</literal>). Some keywords set or reset an + option. These may be preceded by the string + <literal>no</literal> to negate the meaning of that keyword. + Other keywords assign values to options like the timeout interval. + They have the form <option>+keyword=value</option>. + The query options are: + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]cdflag</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Controls whether to set the CD (checking disabled) bit in + queries sent by <command>delv</command>. This may be useful + when troubleshooting DNSSEC problems from behind a validating + resolver. A validating resolver will block invalid responses, + making it difficult to retrieve them for analysis. Setting + the CD flag on queries will cause the resolver to return + invalid responses, which <command>delv</command> can then + validate internally and report the errors in detail. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]class</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Controls whether to display the CLASS when printing + a record. The default is to display the CLASS. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]ttl</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Controls whether to display the TTL when printing + a record. The default is to display the TTL. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]rtrace</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Toggle resolver fetch logging. This reports the + name and type of each query sent by <command>delv</command> + in the process of carrying out the resolution and validation + process: this includes including the original query and + all subsequent queries to follow CNAMEs and to establish a + chain of trust for DNSSEC validation. + </para> + <para> + This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 1 in + the "resolver" logging category. Setting the systemwide + debug level to 1 using the <option>-d</option> option will + product the same output (but will affect other logging + categories as well). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]mtrace</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Toggle message logging. This produces a detailed dump of + the responses received by <command>delv</command> in the + process of carrying out the resolution and validation process. + </para> + <para> + This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 10 + for the "packets" module of the "resolver" logging + category. Setting the systemwide debug level to 10 using + the <option>-d</option> option will produce the same output + (but will affect other logging categories as well). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]vtrace</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Toggle validation logging. This shows the internal + process of the validator as it determines whether an + answer is validly signed, unsigned, or invalid. + </para> + <para> + This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 3 + for the "validator" module of the "dnssec" logging + category. Setting the systemwide debug level to 3 using + the <option>-d</option> option will produce the same output + (but will affect other logging categories as well). + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]short</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the answer in a + verbose form. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]comments</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Toggle the display of comment lines in the output. The default + is to print comments. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]rrcomments</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Toggle the display of per-record comments in the output (for + example, human-readable key information about DNSKEY records). + The default is to print per-record comments. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]crypto</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC records. + The contents of these field are unnecessary to debug most DNSSEC + validation failures and removing them makes it easier to see + the common failures. The default is to display the fields. + When omitted they are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or + in the DNSKEY case the key id is displayed as the replacement, + e.g. "[ key id = value ]". + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]trust</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Controls whether to display the trust level when printing + a record. The default is to display the trust level. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]split[=W]</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource + records into chunks of <parameter>W</parameter> characters + (where <parameter>W</parameter> is rounded up to the nearest + multiple of 4). + <parameter>+nosplit</parameter> or + <parameter>+split=0</parameter> causes fields not to be + split at all. The default is 56 characters, or 44 characters + when multiline mode is active. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]all</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Set or clear the display options + <option>+[no]comments</option>, + <option>+[no]rrcomments</option>, and + <option>+[no]trust</option> as a group. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]multiline</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Print long records (such as RRSIG, DNSKEY, and SOA records) + in a verbose multi-line format with human-readable comments. + The default is to print each record on a single line, to + facilitate machine parsing of the <command>delv</command> + output. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]dnssec</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Indicates whether to display RRSIG records in the + <command>delv</command> output. The default is to + do so. Note that (unlike in <command>dig</command>) + this does <emphasis>not</emphasis> control whether to + request DNSSEC records or whether to validate them. + DNSSEC records are always requested, and validation + will always occur unless suppressed by the use of + <option>-i</option> or <option>+noroot</option> and + <option>+nodlv</option>. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]root[=ROOT]</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Indicates whether to perform conventional (non-lookaside) + DNSSEC validation, and if so, specifies the + name of a trust anchor. The default is to validate using + a trust anchor of "." (the root zone), for which there is + a built-in key. If specifying a different trust anchor, + then <option>-a</option> must be used to specify a file + containing the key. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]dlv[=DLV]</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Indicates whether to perform DNSSEC lookaside validation, + and if so, specifies the name of the DLV trust anchor. + The <option>-a</option> option must also be used to specify + a file containing the DLV key. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]tcp</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Controls whether to use TCP when sending queries. + The default is to use UDP unless a truncated + response has been received. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><option>+[no]unknownformat</option></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Print all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format + (RFC 3597). The default is to print RDATA for known types + in the type's presentation format. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + + </para> + </refsection> + + <refsection><info><title>FILES</title></info> + + <para><filename>/etc/bind.keys</filename></para> + <para><filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename></para> + </refsection> + + <refsection><info><title>SEE ALSO</title></info> + + <para><citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>dig</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>named</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citetitle>RFC4034</citetitle>, + <citetitle>RFC4035</citetitle>, + <citetitle>RFC4431</citetitle>, + <citetitle>RFC5074</citetitle>, + <citetitle>RFC5155</citetitle>. + </para> + </refsection> + +</refentry> |