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diff --git a/bin/delv/delv.html b/bin/delv/delv.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..22c70cd --- /dev/null +++ b/bin/delv/delv.html @@ -0,0 +1,592 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> +<!-- + - Copyright (C) 2014-2019 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC") + - + - This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public + - License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this + - file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. +--> +<html lang="en"> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> +<title>delv</title> +<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1"> +</head> +<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry"> +<a name="man.delv"></a><div class="titlepage"></div> + + + + + + <div class="refnamediv"> +<h2>Name</h2> +<p> + delv + — DNS lookup and validation utility + </p> +</div> + + + + <div class="refsynopsisdiv"> +<h2>Synopsis</h2> + <div class="cmdsynopsis"><p> + <code class="command">delv</code> + [@server] + [ + [<code class="option">-4</code>] + | [<code class="option">-6</code>] + ] + [<code class="option">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>anchor-file</code></em></code>] + [<code class="option">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></code>] + [<code class="option">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></code>] + [<code class="option">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></code>] + [<code class="option">-i</code>] + [<code class="option">-m</code>] + [<code class="option">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></code>] + [<code class="option">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></code>] + [<code class="option">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></code>] + [<code class="option">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></code>] + [name] + [type] + [class] + [queryopt...] + </p></div> + + <div class="cmdsynopsis"><p> + <code class="command">delv</code> + [<code class="option">-h</code>] + </p></div> + + <div class="cmdsynopsis"><p> + <code class="command">delv</code> + [<code class="option">-v</code>] + </p></div> + + <div class="cmdsynopsis"><p> + <code class="command">delv</code> + [queryopt...] + [query...] + </p></div> + </div> + + <div class="refsection"> +<a name="id-1.7"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2> + + <p><span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> + is a tool for sending + DNS queries and validating the results, using the same internal + resolver and validator logic as <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>. + </p> + <p> + <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> will send to a specified name server all + queries needed to fetch and validate the requested data; this + includes the original requested query, subsequent queries to follow + CNAME or DNAME chains, and queries for DNSKEY, DS and DLV records + to establish a chain of trust for DNSSEC validation. + It does not perform iterative resolution, but simulates the + behavior of a name server configured for DNSSEC validating and + forwarding. + </p> + <p> + By default, responses are validated using built-in DNSSEC trust + anchor for the root zone ("."). Records returned by + <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> are either fully validated or + were not signed. If validation fails, an explanation of + the failure is included in the output; the validation process + can be traced in detail. Because <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> does + not rely on an external server to carry out validation, it can + be used to check the validity of DNS responses in environments + where local name servers may not be trustworthy. + </p> + <p> + Unless it is told to query a specific name server, + <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> will try each of the servers listed in + <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>. If no usable server + addresses are found, <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> will send + queries to the localhost addresses (127.0.0.1 for IPv4, ::1 + for IPv6). + </p> + <p> + When no command line arguments or options are given, + <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> will perform an NS query for "." + (the root zone). + </p> + </div> + + <div class="refsection"> +<a name="id-1.8"></a><h2>SIMPLE USAGE</h2> + + + <p> + A typical invocation of <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> looks like: + </p> +<pre class="programlisting"> delv @server name type </pre> +<p> + where: + + </p> +<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">server</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + is the name or IP address of the name server to query. This + can be an IPv4 address in dotted-decimal notation or an IPv6 + address in colon-delimited notation. When the supplied + <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is a hostname, + <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> resolves that name before + querying that name server (note, however, that this + initial lookup is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> validated + by DNSSEC). + </p> + <p> + If no <em class="parameter"><code>server</code></em> argument is + provided, <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> consults + <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>; if an + address is found there, it queries the name server at + that address. If either of the <code class="option">-4</code> or + <code class="option">-6</code> options are in use, then + only addresses for the corresponding transport + will be tried. If no usable addresses are found, + <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> will send queries to + the localhost addresses (127.0.0.1 for IPv4, + ::1 for IPv6). + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">name</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + is the domain name to be looked up. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="constant">type</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + indicates what type of query is required — + ANY, A, MX, etc. + <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> can be any valid query + type. If no + <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> argument is supplied, + <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> will perform a lookup for an + A record. + </p> + </dd> +</dl></div> +<p> + </p> + + </div> + + <div class="refsection"> +<a name="id-1.9"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2> + + <div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"> +<dt><span class="term">-a <em class="replaceable"><code>anchor-file</code></em></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Specifies a file from which to read DNSSEC trust anchors. + The default is <code class="filename">/etc/bind.keys</code>, which + is included with <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9 and contains + one or more trust anchors for the root zone ("."). + </p> + <p> + Keys that do not match the root zone name are ignored. + An alternate key name can be specified using the + <code class="option">+root=NAME</code> options. DNSSEC Lookaside + Validation can also be turned on by using the + <code class="option">+dlv=NAME</code> to specify the name of a + zone containing DLV records. + </p> + <p> + Note: When reading the trust anchor file, + <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> treats <code class="option">managed-keys</code> + statements and <code class="option">trusted-keys</code> statements + identically. That is, for a managed key, it is the + <span class="emphasis"><em>initial</em></span> key that is trusted; RFC 5011 + key management is not supported. <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> + will not consult the managed-keys database maintained by + <span class="command"><strong>named</strong></span>. This means that if either of the + keys in <code class="filename">/etc/bind.keys</code> is revoked + and rolled over, it will be necessary to update + <code class="filename">/etc/bind.keys</code> to use DNSSEC + validation in <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span>. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-b <em class="replaceable"><code>address</code></em></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Sets the source IP address of the query to + <em class="parameter"><code>address</code></em>. This must be a valid address + on one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or "::". + An optional source port may be specified by appending + "#<port>" + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-c <em class="replaceable"><code>class</code></em></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Sets the query class for the requested data. Currently, + only class "IN" is supported in <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> + and any other value is ignored. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-d <em class="replaceable"><code>level</code></em></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Set the systemwide debug level to <code class="option">level</code>. + The allowed range is from 0 to 99. + The default is 0 (no debugging). + Debugging traces from <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> become + more verbose as the debug level increases. + See the <code class="option">+mtrace</code>, <code class="option">+rtrace</code>, + and <code class="option">+vtrace</code> options below for additional + debugging details. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-h</span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Display the <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> help usage output and exit. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Insecure mode. This disables internal DNSSEC validation. + (Note, however, this does not set the CD bit on upstream + queries. If the server being queried is performing DNSSEC + validation, then it will not return invalid data; this + can cause <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> to time out. When it + is necessary to examine invalid data to debug a DNSSEC + problem, use <span class="command"><strong>dig +cd</strong></span>.) + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-m</span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Enables memory usage debugging. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-p <em class="replaceable"><code>port#</code></em></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Specifies a destination port to use for queries instead of + the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used + with a name server that has been configured to listen + for queries on a non-standard port number. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-q <em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Sets the query name to <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em>. + While the query name can be specified without using the + <code class="option">-q</code>, it is sometimes necessary to disambiguate + names from types or classes (for example, when looking up the + name "ns", which could be misinterpreted as the type NS, + or "ch", which could be misinterpreted as class CH). + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-t <em class="replaceable"><code>type</code></em></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Sets the query type to <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em>, which + can be any valid query type supported in BIND 9 except + for zone transfer types AXFR and IXFR. As with + <code class="option">-q</code>, this is useful to distinguish + query name type or class when they are ambiguous. + it is sometimes necessary to disambiguate names from types. + </p> + <p> + The default query type is "A", unless the <code class="option">-x</code> + option is supplied to indicate a reverse lookup, in which case + it is "PTR". + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Print the <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> version and exit. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-x <em class="replaceable"><code>addr</code></em></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Performs a reverse lookup, mapping an addresses to + a name. <em class="parameter"><code>addr</code></em> is an IPv4 address in + dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address. + When <code class="option">-x</code> is used, there is no need to provide + the <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> or <em class="parameter"><code>type</code></em> + arguments. <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> automatically performs a + lookup for a name like <code class="literal">11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</code> + and sets the query type to PTR. IPv6 addresses are looked up + using nibble format under the IP6.ARPA domain. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-4</span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Forces <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> to only use IPv4. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term">-6</span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Forces <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> to only use IPv6. + </p> + </dd> +</dl></div> + </div> + + <div class="refsection"> +<a name="id-1.10"></a><h2>QUERY OPTIONS</h2> + + + <p><span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> + provides a number of query options which affect the way results are + displayed, and in some cases the way lookups are performed. + </p> + + <p> + Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign + (<code class="literal">+</code>). Some keywords set or reset an + option. These may be preceded by the string + <code class="literal">no</code> to negate the meaning of that keyword. + Other keywords assign values to options like the timeout interval. + They have the form <code class="option">+keyword=value</code>. + The query options are: + + </p> +<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]cdflag</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Controls whether to set the CD (checking disabled) bit in + queries sent by <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span>. This may be useful + when troubleshooting DNSSEC problems from behind a validating + resolver. A validating resolver will block invalid responses, + making it difficult to retrieve them for analysis. Setting + the CD flag on queries will cause the resolver to return + invalid responses, which <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> can then + validate internally and report the errors in detail. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]class</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Controls whether to display the CLASS when printing + a record. The default is to display the CLASS. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]ttl</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Controls whether to display the TTL when printing + a record. The default is to display the TTL. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rtrace</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Toggle resolver fetch logging. This reports the + name and type of each query sent by <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> + in the process of carrying out the resolution and validation + process: this includes including the original query and + all subsequent queries to follow CNAMEs and to establish a + chain of trust for DNSSEC validation. + </p> + <p> + This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 1 in + the "resolver" logging category. Setting the systemwide + debug level to 1 using the <code class="option">-d</code> option will + product the same output (but will affect other logging + categories as well). + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]mtrace</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Toggle message logging. This produces a detailed dump of + the responses received by <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> in the + process of carrying out the resolution and validation process. + </p> + <p> + This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 10 + for the "packets" module of the "resolver" logging + category. Setting the systemwide debug level to 10 using + the <code class="option">-d</code> option will produce the same output + (but will affect other logging categories as well). + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]vtrace</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Toggle validation logging. This shows the internal + process of the validator as it determines whether an + answer is validly signed, unsigned, or invalid. + </p> + <p> + This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 3 + for the "validator" module of the "dnssec" logging + category. Setting the systemwide debug level to 3 using + the <code class="option">-d</code> option will produce the same output + (but will affect other logging categories as well). + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]short</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the answer in a + verbose form. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]comments</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Toggle the display of comment lines in the output. The default + is to print comments. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Toggle the display of per-record comments in the output (for + example, human-readable key information about DNSKEY records). + The default is to print per-record comments. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]crypto</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC records. + The contents of these field are unnecessary to debug most DNSSEC + validation failures and removing them makes it easier to see + the common failures. The default is to display the fields. + When omitted they are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or + in the DNSKEY case the key id is displayed as the replacement, + e.g. "[ key id = value ]". + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]trust</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Controls whether to display the trust level when printing + a record. The default is to display the trust level. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]split[=W]</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource + records into chunks of <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em> characters + (where <em class="parameter"><code>W</code></em> is rounded up to the nearest + multiple of 4). + <em class="parameter"><code>+nosplit</code></em> or + <em class="parameter"><code>+split=0</code></em> causes fields not to be + split at all. The default is 56 characters, or 44 characters + when multiline mode is active. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]all</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Set or clear the display options + <code class="option">+[no]comments</code>, + <code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</code>, and + <code class="option">+[no]trust</code> as a group. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]multiline</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Print long records (such as RRSIG, DNSKEY, and SOA records) + in a verbose multi-line format with human-readable comments. + The default is to print each record on a single line, to + facilitate machine parsing of the <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> + output. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dnssec</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Indicates whether to display RRSIG records in the + <span class="command"><strong>delv</strong></span> output. The default is to + do so. Note that (unlike in <span class="command"><strong>dig</strong></span>) + this does <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> control whether to + request DNSSEC records or whether to validate them. + DNSSEC records are always requested, and validation + will always occur unless suppressed by the use of + <code class="option">-i</code> or <code class="option">+noroot</code> and + <code class="option">+nodlv</code>. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]root[=ROOT]</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Indicates whether to perform conventional (non-lookaside) + DNSSEC validation, and if so, specifies the + name of a trust anchor. The default is to validate using + a trust anchor of "." (the root zone), for which there is + a built-in key. If specifying a different trust anchor, + then <code class="option">-a</code> must be used to specify a file + containing the key. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]dlv[=DLV]</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Indicates whether to perform DNSSEC lookaside validation, + and if so, specifies the name of the DLV trust anchor. + The <code class="option">-a</code> option must also be used to specify + a file containing the DLV key. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Controls whether to use TCP when sending queries. + The default is to use UDP unless a truncated + response has been received. + </p> + </dd> +<dt><span class="term"><code class="option">+[no]unknownformat</code></span></dt> +<dd> + <p> + Print all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format + (RFC 3597). The default is to print RDATA for known types + in the type's presentation format. + </p> + </dd> +</dl></div> +<p> + + </p> + </div> + + <div class="refsection"> +<a name="id-1.11"></a><h2>FILES</h2> + + <p><code class="filename">/etc/bind.keys</code></p> + <p><code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code></p> + </div> + + <div class="refsection"> +<a name="id-1.12"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2> + + <p><span class="citerefentry"> + <span class="refentrytitle">dig</span>(1) + </span>, + <span class="citerefentry"> + <span class="refentrytitle">named</span>(8) + </span>, + <em class="citetitle">RFC4034</em>, + <em class="citetitle">RFC4035</em>, + <em class="citetitle">RFC4431</em>, + <em class="citetitle">RFC5074</em>, + <em class="citetitle">RFC5155</em>. + </p> + </div> + +</div></body> +</html> |