diff options
Diffstat (limited to '')
| -rw-r--r-- | bin/dnssec/dnssec-keygen.docbook | 654 |
1 files changed, 654 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/bin/dnssec/dnssec-keygen.docbook b/bin/dnssec/dnssec-keygen.docbook new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ee6a489 --- /dev/null +++ b/bin/dnssec/dnssec-keygen.docbook @@ -0,0 +1,654 @@ +<!-- + - Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC") + - + - This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public + - License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this + - file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. + - + - See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional + - information regarding copyright ownership. +--> + +<!-- Converted by db4-upgrade version 1.0 --> +<refentry xmlns:db="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:id="man.dnssec-keygen"> + <info> + <date>2014-02-06</date> + </info> + <refentryinfo> + <date>August 21, 2015</date> + <corpname>ISC</corpname> + <corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.</corpauthor> + </refentryinfo> + + <refmeta> + <refentrytitle><application>dnssec-keygen</application></refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>8</manvolnum> + <refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo> + </refmeta> + + <refnamediv> + <refname><application>dnssec-keygen</application></refname> + <refpurpose>DNSSEC key generation tool</refpurpose> + </refnamediv> + + <docinfo> + <copyright> + <year>2000</year> + <year>2001</year> + <year>2002</year> + <year>2003</year> + <year>2004</year> + <year>2005</year> + <year>2007</year> + <year>2008</year> + <year>2009</year> + <year>2010</year> + <year>2011</year> + <year>2012</year> + <year>2014</year> + <year>2015</year> + <year>2016</year> + <year>2017</year> + <year>2018</year> + <year>2019</year> + <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder> + </copyright> + </docinfo> + + <refsynopsisdiv> + <cmdsynopsis sepchar=" "> + <command>dnssec-keygen</command> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-a <replaceable class="parameter">algorithm</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-b <replaceable class="parameter">keysize</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-n <replaceable class="parameter">nametype</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-3</option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-A <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-C</option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-D <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-D sync <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-E <replaceable class="parameter">engine</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-f <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-G</option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-g <replaceable class="parameter">generator</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-h</option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-I <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-i <replaceable class="parameter">interval</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-K <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-k</option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-L <replaceable class="parameter">ttl</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-P <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-P sync <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">protocol</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-q</option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-R <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-r <replaceable class="parameter">randomdev</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-S <replaceable class="parameter">key</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-s <replaceable class="parameter">strength</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-t <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-V</option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-v <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable></option></arg> + <arg choice="opt" rep="norepeat"><option>-z</option></arg> + <arg choice="req" rep="norepeat">name</arg> + </cmdsynopsis> + </refsynopsisdiv> + + <refsection><info><title>DESCRIPTION</title></info> + + <para><command>dnssec-keygen</command> + generates keys for DNSSEC (Secure DNS), as defined in RFC 2535 + and RFC 4034. It can also generate keys for use with + TSIG (Transaction Signatures) as defined in RFC 2845, or TKEY + (Transaction Key) as defined in RFC 2930. + </para> + <para> + The <option>name</option> of the key is specified on the command + line. For DNSSEC keys, this must match the name of the zone for + which the key is being generated. + </para> + </refsection> + + <refsection><info><title>OPTIONS</title></info> + + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term>-a <replaceable class="parameter">algorithm</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Selects the cryptographic algorithm. For DNSSEC keys, the value + of <option>algorithm</option> must be one of RSAMD5, RSASHA1, + DSA, NSEC3RSASHA1, NSEC3DSA, RSASHA256, RSASHA512, ECCGOST, + ECDSAP256SHA256, ECDSAP384SHA384, ED25519 or ED448. + For TSIG/TKEY, the value must + be DH (Diffie Hellman), HMAC-MD5, HMAC-SHA1, HMAC-SHA224, + HMAC-SHA256, HMAC-SHA384, or HMAC-SHA512. These values are + case insensitive. + </para> + <para> + If no algorithm is specified, then RSASHA1 will be used by + default, unless the <option>-3</option> option is specified, + in which case NSEC3RSASHA1 will be used instead. (If + <option>-3</option> is used and an algorithm is specified, + that algorithm will be checked for compatibility with NSEC3.) + </para> + <para> + Note 1: that for DNSSEC, RSASHA1 is a mandatory to implement + algorithm, and DSA is recommended. For TSIG, HMAC-MD5 is + mandatory. + </para> + <para> + Note 2: DH, HMAC-MD5, and HMAC-SHA1 through HMAC-SHA512 + automatically set the -T KEY option. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-b <replaceable class="parameter">keysize</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Specifies the number of bits in the key. The choice of key + size depends on the algorithm used. RSA keys must be + between 512 and 2048 bits. Diffie Hellman keys must be between + 128 and 4096 bits. DSA keys must be between 512 and 1024 + bits and an exact multiple of 64. HMAC keys must be + between 1 and 512 bits. Elliptic curve algorithms don't need + this parameter. + </para> + <para> + The key size does not need to be specified if using a default + algorithm. The default key size is 1024 bits for zone signing + keys (ZSKs) and 2048 bits for key signing keys (KSKs, + generated with <option>-f KSK</option>). However, if an + algorithm is explicitly specified with the <option>-a</option>, + then there is no default key size, and the <option>-b</option> + must be used. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-n <replaceable class="parameter">nametype</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Specifies the owner type of the key. The value of + <option>nametype</option> must either be ZONE (for a DNSSEC + zone key (KEY/DNSKEY)), HOST or ENTITY (for a key associated with + a host (KEY)), + USER (for a key associated with a user(KEY)) or OTHER (DNSKEY). + These values are case insensitive. Defaults to ZONE for DNSKEY + generation. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-3</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Use an NSEC3-capable algorithm to generate a DNSSEC key. + If this option is used and no algorithm is explicitly + set on the command line, NSEC3RSASHA1 will be used by + default. Note that RSASHA256, RSASHA512, ECCGOST, + ECDSAP256SHA256, ECDSAP384SHA384, ED25519 and ED448 + algorithms are NSEC3-capable. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-C</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Compatibility mode: generates an old-style key, without + any metadata. By default, <command>dnssec-keygen</command> + will include the key's creation date in the metadata stored + with the private key, and other dates may be set there as well + (publication date, activation date, etc). Keys that include + this data may be incompatible with older versions of BIND; the + <option>-C</option> option suppresses them. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">class</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Indicates that the DNS record containing the key should have + the specified class. If not specified, class IN is used. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-E <replaceable class="parameter">engine</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Specifies the cryptographic hardware to use, when applicable. + </para> + <para> + When BIND is built with OpenSSL PKCS#11 support, this defaults + to the string "pkcs11", which identifies an OpenSSL engine + that can drive a cryptographic accelerator or hardware service + module. When BIND is built with native PKCS#11 cryptography + (--enable-native-pkcs11), it defaults to the path of the PKCS#11 + provider library specified via "--with-pkcs11". + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-f <replaceable class="parameter">flag</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Set the specified flag in the flag field of the KEY/DNSKEY record. + The only recognized flags are KSK (Key Signing Key) and REVOKE. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-G</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Generate a key, but do not publish it or sign with it. This + option is incompatible with -P and -A. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-g <replaceable class="parameter">generator</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + If generating a Diffie Hellman key, use this generator. + Allowed values are 2 and 5. If no generator + is specified, a known prime from RFC 2539 will be used + if possible; otherwise the default is 2. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-h</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Prints a short summary of the options and arguments to + <command>dnssec-keygen</command>. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-K <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the directory in which the key files are to be written. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-k</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Deprecated in favor of -T KEY. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-L <replaceable class="parameter">ttl</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the default TTL to use for this key when it is converted + into a DNSKEY RR. If the key is imported into a zone, + this is the TTL that will be used for it, unless there was + already a DNSKEY RRset in place, in which case the existing TTL + would take precedence. If this value is not set and there + is no existing DNSKEY RRset, the TTL will default to the + SOA TTL. Setting the default TTL to <literal>0</literal> + or <literal>none</literal> is the same as leaving it unset. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">protocol</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the protocol value for the generated key. The protocol + is a number between 0 and 255. The default is 3 (DNSSEC). + Other possible values for this argument are listed in + RFC 2535 and its successors. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-q</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Quiet mode: Suppresses unnecessary output, including + progress indication. Without this option, when + <command>dnssec-keygen</command> is run interactively + to generate an RSA or DSA key pair, it will print a string + of symbols to <filename>stderr</filename> indicating the + progress of the key generation. A '.' indicates that a + random number has been found which passed an initial + sieve test; '+' means a number has passed a single + round of the Miller-Rabin primality test; a space + means that the number has passed all the tests and is + a satisfactory key. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-r <replaceable class="parameter">randomdev</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Specifies the source of randomness. If the operating + system does not provide a <filename>/dev/random</filename> + or equivalent device, the default source of randomness + is keyboard input. <filename>randomdev</filename> + specifies + the name of a character device or file containing random + data to be used instead of the default. The special value + <filename>keyboard</filename> indicates that keyboard + input should be used. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-S <replaceable class="parameter">key</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Create a new key which is an explicit successor to an + existing key. The name, algorithm, size, and type of the + key will be set to match the existing key. The activation + date of the new key will be set to the inactivation date of + the existing one. The publication date will be set to the + activation date minus the prepublication interval, which + defaults to 30 days. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-s <replaceable class="parameter">strength</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Specifies the strength value of the key. The strength is + a number between 0 and 15, and currently has no defined + purpose in DNSSEC. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-T <replaceable class="parameter">rrtype</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Specifies the resource record type to use for the key. + <option>rrtype</option> must be either DNSKEY or KEY. The + default is DNSKEY when using a DNSSEC algorithm, but it can be + overridden to KEY for use with SIG(0). + <para> + </para> + Using any TSIG algorithm (HMAC-* or DH) forces this option + to KEY. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-t <replaceable class="parameter">type</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Indicates the use of the key. <option>type</option> must be + one of AUTHCONF, NOAUTHCONF, NOAUTH, or NOCONF. The default + is AUTHCONF. AUTH refers to the ability to authenticate + data, and CONF the ability to encrypt data. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-v <replaceable class="parameter">level</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the debugging level. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-V</term> + <listitem> + <para> + Prints version information. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </refsection> + + <refsection><info><title>TIMING OPTIONS</title></info> + + + <para> + Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS. + If the argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as + an offset from the present time. For convenience, if such an offset + is followed by one of the suffixes 'y', 'mo', 'w', 'd', 'h', or 'mi', + then the offset is computed in years (defined as 365 24-hour days, + ignoring leap years), months (defined as 30 24-hour days), weeks, + days, hours, or minutes, respectively. Without a suffix, the offset + is computed in seconds. To explicitly prevent a date from being + set, use 'none' or 'never'. + </para> + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term>-P <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the date on which a key is to be published to the zone. + After that date, the key will be included in the zone but will + not be used to sign it. If not set, and if the -G option has + not been used, the default is "now". + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-P sync <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the date on which CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this + key are to be published to the zone. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-A <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the date on which the key is to be activated. After that + date, the key will be included in the zone and used to sign + it. If not set, and if the -G option has not been used, the + default is "now". If set, if and -P is not set, then + the publication date will be set to the activation date + minus the prepublication interval. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-R <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the date on which the key is to be revoked. After that + date, the key will be flagged as revoked. It will be included + in the zone and will be used to sign it. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-I <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the date on which the key is to be retired. After that + date, the key will still be included in the zone, but it + will not be used to sign it. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-D <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the date on which the key is to be deleted. After that + date, the key will no longer be included in the zone. (It + may remain in the key repository, however.) + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-D sync <replaceable class="parameter">date/offset</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the date on which the CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this + key are to be deleted. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>-i <replaceable class="parameter">interval</replaceable></term> + <listitem> + <para> + Sets the prepublication interval for a key. If set, then + the publication and activation dates must be separated by at least + this much time. If the activation date is specified but the + publication date isn't, then the publication date will default + to this much time before the activation date; conversely, if + the publication date is specified but activation date isn't, + then activation will be set to this much time after publication. + </para> + <para> + If the key is being created as an explicit successor to another + key, then the default prepublication interval is 30 days; + otherwise it is zero. + </para> + <para> + As with date offsets, if the argument is followed by one of + the suffixes 'y', 'mo', 'w', 'd', 'h', or 'mi', then the + interval is measured in years, months, weeks, days, hours, + or minutes, respectively. Without a suffix, the interval is + measured in seconds. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + </refsection> + + + <refsection><info><title>GENERATED KEYS</title></info> + + <para> + When <command>dnssec-keygen</command> completes + successfully, + it prints a string of the form <filename>Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii</filename> + to the standard output. This is an identification string for + the key it has generated. + </para> + <itemizedlist> + <listitem> + <para><filename>nnnn</filename> is the key name. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para><filename>aaa</filename> is the numeric representation + of the + algorithm. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para><filename>iiiii</filename> is the key identifier (or + footprint). + </para> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + <para><command>dnssec-keygen</command> + creates two files, with names based + on the printed string. <filename>Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key</filename> + contains the public key, and + <filename>Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.private</filename> contains the + private + key. + </para> + <para> + The <filename>.key</filename> file contains a DNS KEY record + that + can be inserted into a zone file (directly or with a $INCLUDE + statement). + </para> + <para> + The <filename>.private</filename> file contains + algorithm-specific + fields. For obvious security reasons, this file does not have + general read permission. + </para> + <para> + Both <filename>.key</filename> and <filename>.private</filename> + files are generated for symmetric cryptography algorithms such as + HMAC-MD5, even though the public and private key are equivalent. + </para> + </refsection> + + <refsection><info><title>EXAMPLE</title></info> + + <para> + To generate a 768-bit DSA key for the domain + <userinput>example.com</userinput>, the following command would be + issued: + </para> + <para><userinput>dnssec-keygen -a DSA -b 768 -n ZONE example.com</userinput> + </para> + <para> + The command would print a string of the form: + </para> + <para><userinput>Kexample.com.+003+26160</userinput> + </para> + <para> + In this example, <command>dnssec-keygen</command> creates + the files <filename>Kexample.com.+003+26160.key</filename> + and + <filename>Kexample.com.+003+26160.private</filename>. + </para> + </refsection> + + <refsection><info><title>SEE ALSO</title></info> + + <para><citerefentry> + <refentrytitle>dnssec-signzone</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum> + </citerefentry>, + <citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>, + <citetitle>RFC 2539</citetitle>, + <citetitle>RFC 2845</citetitle>, + <citetitle>RFC 4034</citetitle>. + </para> + </refsection> + +</refentry> |