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+.\" Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2007-2009, 2014-2019 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
+.\"
+.\" This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
+.\" License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
+.\" file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+.\"
+.hy 0
+.ad l
+'\" t
+.\" Title: lwresd
+.\" Author:
+.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.78.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
+.\" Date: 2009-01-20
+.\" Manual: BIND9
+.\" Source: ISC
+.\" Language: English
+.\"
+.TH "LWRESD" "8" "2009\-01\-20" "ISC" "BIND9"
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * Define some portability stuff
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
+.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
+.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el .ds Aq '
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * set default formatting
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" disable hyphenation
+.nh
+.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
+.ad l
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
+.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH "NAME"
+lwresd \- lightweight resolver daemon
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+.HP \w'\fBlwresd\fR\ 'u
+\fBlwresd\fR [\fB\-c\ \fR\fB\fIconfig\-file\fR\fR] [\fB\-C\ \fR\fB\fIconfig\-file\fR\fR] [\fB\-d\ \fR\fB\fIdebug\-level\fR\fR] [\fB\-f\fR] [\fB\-g\fR] [\fB\-i\ \fR\fB\fIpid\-file\fR\fR] [\fB\-m\ \fR\fB\fIflag\fR\fR] [\fB\-n\ \fR\fB\fI#cpus\fR\fR] [\fB\-P\ \fR\fB\fIport\fR\fR] [\fB\-p\ \fR\fB\fIport\fR\fR] [\fB\-s\fR] [\fB\-t\ \fR\fB\fIdirectory\fR\fR] [\fB\-u\ \fR\fB\fIuser\fR\fR] [\fB\-v\fR] [[\fB\-4\fR] | [\fB\-6\fR]]
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+.PP
+\fBlwresd\fR
+is the daemon providing name lookup services to clients that use the BIND 9 lightweight resolver library\&. It is essentially a stripped\-down, caching\-only name server that answers queries using the BIND 9 lightweight resolver protocol rather than the DNS protocol\&.
+.PP
+\fBlwresd\fR
+listens for resolver queries on a UDP port on the IPv4 loopback interface, 127\&.0\&.0\&.1\&. This means that
+\fBlwresd\fR
+can only be used by processes running on the local machine\&. By default, UDP port number 921 is used for lightweight resolver requests and responses\&.
+.PP
+Incoming lightweight resolver requests are decoded by the server which then resolves them using the DNS protocol\&. When the DNS lookup completes,
+\fBlwresd\fR
+encodes the answers in the lightweight resolver format and returns them to the client that made the request\&.
+.PP
+If
+/etc/resolv\&.conf
+contains any
+\fBnameserver\fR
+entries,
+\fBlwresd\fR
+sends recursive DNS queries to those servers\&. This is similar to the use of forwarders in a caching name server\&. If no
+\fBnameserver\fR
+entries are present, or if forwarding fails,
+\fBlwresd\fR
+resolves the queries autonomously starting at the root name servers, using a built\-in list of root server hints\&.
+.SH "OPTIONS"
+.PP
+\-4
+.RS 4
+Use IPv4 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv6\&.
+\fB\-4\fR
+and
+\fB\-6\fR
+are mutually exclusive\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-6
+.RS 4
+Use IPv6 only even if the host machine is capable of IPv4\&.
+\fB\-4\fR
+and
+\fB\-6\fR
+are mutually exclusive\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-c \fIconfig\-file\fR
+.RS 4
+Use
+\fIconfig\-file\fR
+as the configuration file instead of the default,
+/etc/lwresd\&.conf\&.
+\fB\-c\fR
+can not be used with
+\fB\-C\fR\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-C \fIconfig\-file\fR
+.RS 4
+Use
+\fIconfig\-file\fR
+as the configuration file instead of the default,
+/etc/resolv\&.conf\&.
+\fB\-C\fR
+can not be used with
+\fB\-c\fR\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-d \fIdebug\-level\fR
+.RS 4
+Set the daemon\*(Aqs debug level to
+\fIdebug\-level\fR\&. Debugging traces from
+\fBlwresd\fR
+become more verbose as the debug level increases\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-f
+.RS 4
+Run the server in the foreground (i\&.e\&. do not daemonize)\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-g
+.RS 4
+Run the server in the foreground and force all logging to
+stderr\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-i \fIpid\-file\fR
+.RS 4
+Use
+\fIpid\-file\fR
+as the PID file instead of the default,
+/var/run/lwresd/lwresd\&.pid\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-m \fIflag\fR
+.RS 4
+Turn on memory usage debugging flags\&. Possible flags are
+\fIusage\fR,
+\fItrace\fR,
+\fIrecord\fR,
+\fIsize\fR, and
+\fImctx\fR\&. These correspond to the ISC_MEM_DEBUGXXXX flags described in
+<isc/mem\&.h>\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-n \fI#cpus\fR
+.RS 4
+Create
+\fI#cpus\fR
+worker threads to take advantage of multiple CPUs\&. If not specified,
+\fBlwresd\fR
+will try to determine the number of CPUs present and create one thread per CPU\&. If it is unable to determine the number of CPUs, a single worker thread will be created\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-P \fIport\fR
+.RS 4
+Listen for lightweight resolver queries on port
+\fIport\fR\&. If not specified, the default is port 921\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-p \fIport\fR
+.RS 4
+Send DNS lookups to port
+\fIport\fR\&. If not specified, the default is port 53\&. This provides a way of testing the lightweight resolver daemon with a name server that listens for queries on a non\-standard port number\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-s
+.RS 4
+Write memory usage statistics to
+stdout
+on exit\&.
+.if n \{\
+.sp
+.\}
+.RS 4
+.it 1 an-trap
+.nr an-no-space-flag 1
+.nr an-break-flag 1
+.br
+.ps +1
+\fBNote\fR
+.ps -1
+.br
+This option is mainly of interest to BIND 9 developers and may be removed or changed in a future release\&.
+.sp .5v
+.RE
+.RE
+.PP
+\-t \fIdirectory\fR
+.RS 4
+Chroot to
+\fIdirectory\fR
+after processing the command line arguments, but before reading the configuration file\&.
+.if n \{\
+.sp
+.\}
+.RS 4
+.it 1 an-trap
+.nr an-no-space-flag 1
+.nr an-break-flag 1
+.br
+.ps +1
+\fBWarning\fR
+.ps -1
+.br
+This option should be used in conjunction with the
+\fB\-u\fR
+option, as chrooting a process running as root doesn\*(Aqt enhance security on most systems; the way
+\fBchroot(2)\fR
+is defined allows a process with root privileges to escape a chroot jail\&.
+.sp .5v
+.RE
+.RE
+.PP
+\-u \fIuser\fR
+.RS 4
+Setuid to
+\fIuser\fR
+after completing privileged operations, such as creating sockets that listen on privileged ports\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\-v
+.RS 4
+Report the version number and exit\&.
+.RE
+.SH "FILES"
+.PP
+/etc/resolv\&.conf
+.RS 4
+The default configuration file\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+/var/run/lwresd\&.pid
+.RS 4
+The default process\-id file\&.
+.RE
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.PP
+\fBnamed\fR(8),
+\fBlwres\fR(3),
+\fBresolver\fR(5)\&.
+.SH "AUTHOR"
+.PP
+\fBInternet Systems Consortium, Inc\&.\fR
+.SH "COPYRIGHT"
+.br
+Copyright \(co 2000, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2007-2009, 2014-2019 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
+.br