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diff --git a/man/deb.man b/man/deb.man new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2b8da5f --- /dev/null +++ b/man/deb.man @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ +.\" dpkg manual page - deb(5) +.\" +.\" Copyright © 1995 Raul Miller +.\" Copyright © 1996 Ian Jackson <ijackson@chiark.greenend.org.uk> +.\" Copyright © 2000 Wichert Akkerman <wakkerma@debian.org> +.\" Copyright © 2006-2017 Guillem Jover <guillem@debian.org> +.\" +.\" This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify +.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +.\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or +.\" (at your option) any later version. +.\" +.\" This is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the +.\" GNU General Public License for more details. +.\" +.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License +.\" along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. +. +.TH deb 5 "%RELEASE_DATE%" "%VERSION%" "dpkg suite" +.nh +.SH NAME +deb \- Debian binary package format +.SH SYNOPSIS +.IB filename .deb +.SH DESCRIPTION +The +.B .deb +format is the Debian binary package file format. It is understood +since dpkg 0.93.76, and is generated by default since dpkg 1.2.0 and +1.1.1elf (i386/ELF builds). +.PP +The format described here is used since Debian 0.93; details of the +old format are described in +.BR deb\-old (5). +.SH FORMAT +The file is an +.B ar +archive with a magic value of +.BR !<arch> . +Only the common \fBar\fP archive format is supported, with no long file +name extensions, but with file names containing an optional trailing +slash, which limits their length to 15 characters (from the 16 allowed). +File sizes are limited to 10 ASCII decimal digits, allowing for up to +approximately 9536.74 MiB member files. +.PP +The \fBtar\fP archives currently allowed are, the old-style (v7) format, +the pre-POSIX ustar format, a subset of the GNU format (new style long +pathnames and long linknames, supported since dpkg 1.4.1.17; large file +metadata since dpkg 1.18.24), +and the POSIX ustar format (long names supported since dpkg 1.15.0). +Unrecognized tar typeflags are considered an error. +Each tar entry size inside a tar archive is limited to 11 ASCII octal +digits, allowing for up to 8 GiB tar entries. +The GNU large file metadata support permits 95-bit tar entry sizes and +negative timestamps, and 63-bit UID, GID and device numbers. +.PP +The first member is named +.B debian\-binary +and contains a series of lines, separated by newlines. Currently only +one line is present, the format version number, +.BR 2.0 +at the time this manual page was written. +Programs which read new-format archives should be prepared for the +minor number to be increased and new lines to be present, and should +ignore these if this is the case. +.PP +If the major number has changed, an incompatible change has been made +and the program should stop. If it has not, then the program should +be able to safely continue, unless it encounters an unexpected member +in the archive (except at the end), as described below. +.PP +The second required member is named +.BR control.tar . +It is a tar archive containing the package control information, either +not compressed (supported since dpkg 1.17.6), or compressed with +gzip (with \fB.gz\fP extension) or +xz (with \fB.xz\fP extension, supported since 1.17.6), +as a series of plain files, of which the file +.B control +is mandatory and contains the core control information, the +.BR conffiles ", " triggers ", " shlibs +and +.B symbols +files contain optional control information, and the +.BR preinst ", " postinst ", " prerm +and +.B postrm +files are optional maintainer scripts. +The control tarball may optionally contain an entry for +.RB ‘ . ’, +the current directory. +.PP +The third, last required member is named +.BR data.tar . +It contains the filesystem as a tar archive, either +not compressed (supported since dpkg 1.10.24), or compressed with +gzip (with \fB.gz\fP extension), +xz (with \fB.xz\fP extension, supported since dpkg 1.15.6), +bzip2 (with \fB.bz2\fP extension, supported since dpkg 1.10.24) or +lzma (with \fB.lzma\fP extension, supported since dpkg 1.13.25). +.PP +These members must occur in this exact order. Current implementations +should ignore any additional members after +.BR data.tar . +Further members may be defined in the future, and (if possible) will be +placed after these three. Any additional members that may need to be +inserted after +.B debian\-binary +and before +.B control.tar +or +.B data.tar +and which should be safely ignored by older programs, will have names +starting with an underscore, +.RB ‘ _ ’. +.PP +Those new members which won't be able to be safely ignored will be +inserted before +.B data.tar +with names starting with something other than underscores, or will +(more likely) cause the major version number to be increased. +.SH MEDIA TYPE +.SS Current +application/vnd.debian.binary-package +.SS Deprecated +application/x-debian-package +.br +application/x-deb +.SH SEE ALSO +.BR deb\-old (5), +.BR dpkg\-deb (1), +.BR deb\-control (5), +.BR deb\-conffiles (5) +.BR deb\-triggers (5), +.BR deb\-shlibs (5), +.BR deb\-symbols (5), +.BR deb\-preinst (5), +.BR deb\-postinst (5), +.BR deb\-prerm (5), +.BR deb\-postrm (5). |