Adding upstream version 4.19.249.upstream/4.19.249upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

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+====================
+DMA Engine API Guide
+====================
+
+Vinod Koul <vinod dot koul at intel.com>
+
+.. note:: For DMA Engine usage in async_tx please see:
+          ``Documentation/crypto/async-tx-api.txt``
+
+
+Below is a guide to device driver writers on how to use the Slave-DMA API of the
+DMA Engine. This is applicable only for slave DMA usage only.
+
+DMA usage
+=========
+
+The slave DMA usage consists of following steps:
+
+- Allocate a DMA slave channel
+
+- Set slave and controller specific parameters
+
+- Get a descriptor for transaction
+
+- Submit the transaction
+
+- Issue pending requests and wait for callback notification
+
+The details of these operations are:
+
+1. Allocate a DMA slave channel
+
+   Channel allocation is slightly different in the slave DMA context,
+   client drivers typically need a channel from a particular DMA
+   controller only and even in some cases a specific channel is desired.
+   To request a channel dma_request_chan() API is used.
+
+   Interface:
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+      struct dma_chan *dma_request_chan(struct device *dev, const char *name);
+
+   Which will find and return the ``name`` DMA channel associated with the 'dev'
+   device. The association is done via DT, ACPI or board file based
+   dma_slave_map matching table.
+
+   A channel allocated via this interface is exclusive to the caller,
+   until dma_release_channel() is called.
+
+2. Set slave and controller specific parameters
+
+   Next step is always to pass some specific information to the DMA
+   driver. Most of the generic information which a slave DMA can use
+   is in struct dma_slave_config. This allows the clients to specify
+   DMA direction, DMA addresses, bus widths, DMA burst lengths etc
+   for the peripheral.
+
+   If some DMA controllers have more parameters to be sent then they
+   should try to embed struct dma_slave_config in their controller
+   specific structure. That gives flexibility to client to pass more
+   parameters, if required.
+
+   Interface:
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+      int dmaengine_slave_config(struct dma_chan *chan,
+			struct dma_slave_config *config)
+
+   Please see the dma_slave_config structure definition in dmaengine.h
+   for a detailed explanation of the struct members. Please note
+   that the 'direction' member will be going away as it duplicates the
+   direction given in the prepare call.
+
+3. Get a descriptor for transaction
+
+  For slave usage the various modes of slave transfers supported by the
+  DMA-engine are:
+
+  - slave_sg: DMA a list of scatter gather buffers from/to a peripheral
+
+  - dma_cyclic: Perform a cyclic DMA operation from/to a peripheral till the
+    operation is explicitly stopped.
+
+  - interleaved_dma: This is common to Slave as well as M2M clients. For slave
+    address of devices' fifo could be already known to the driver.
+    Various types of operations could be expressed by setting
+    appropriate values to the 'dma_interleaved_template' members.
+
+  A non-NULL return of this transfer API represents a "descriptor" for
+  the given transaction.
+
+  Interface:
+
+  .. code-block:: c
+
+     struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *dmaengine_prep_slave_sg(
+		struct dma_chan *chan, struct scatterlist *sgl,
+		unsigned int sg_len, enum dma_data_direction direction,
+		unsigned long flags);
+
+     struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *dmaengine_prep_dma_cyclic(
+		struct dma_chan *chan, dma_addr_t buf_addr, size_t buf_len,
+		size_t period_len, enum dma_data_direction direction);
+
+     struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *dmaengine_prep_interleaved_dma(
+		struct dma_chan *chan, struct dma_interleaved_template *xt,
+		unsigned long flags);
+
+  The peripheral driver is expected to have mapped the scatterlist for
+  the DMA operation prior to calling dmaengine_prep_slave_sg(), and must
+  keep the scatterlist mapped until the DMA operation has completed.
+  The scatterlist must be mapped using the DMA struct device.
+  If a mapping needs to be synchronized later, dma_sync_*_for_*() must be
+  called using the DMA struct device, too.
+  So, normal setup should look like this:
+
+  .. code-block:: c
+
+     nr_sg = dma_map_sg(chan->device->dev, sgl, sg_len);
+	if (nr_sg == 0)
+		/* error */
+
+	desc = dmaengine_prep_slave_sg(chan, sgl, nr_sg, direction, flags);
+
+  Once a descriptor has been obtained, the callback information can be
+  added and the descriptor must then be submitted. Some DMA engine
+  drivers may hold a spinlock between a successful preparation and
+  submission so it is important that these two operations are closely
+  paired.
+
+  .. note::
+
+     Although the async_tx API specifies that completion callback
+     routines cannot submit any new operations, this is not the
+     case for slave/cyclic DMA.
+
+     For slave DMA, the subsequent transaction may not be available
+     for submission prior to callback function being invoked, so
+     slave DMA callbacks are permitted to prepare and submit a new
+     transaction.
+
+     For cyclic DMA, a callback function may wish to terminate the
+     DMA via dmaengine_terminate_async().
+
+     Therefore, it is important that DMA engine drivers drop any
+     locks before calling the callback function which may cause a
+     deadlock.
+
+     Note that callbacks will always be invoked from the DMA
+     engines tasklet, never from interrupt context.
+
+4. Submit the transaction
+
+   Once the descriptor has been prepared and the callback information
+   added, it must be placed on the DMA engine drivers pending queue.
+
+   Interface:
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+      dma_cookie_t dmaengine_submit(struct dma_async_tx_descriptor *desc)
+
+   This returns a cookie can be used to check the progress of DMA engine
+   activity via other DMA engine calls not covered in this document.
+
+   dmaengine_submit() will not start the DMA operation, it merely adds
+   it to the pending queue. For this, see step 5, dma_async_issue_pending.
+
+5. Issue pending DMA requests and wait for callback notification
+
+   The transactions in the pending queue can be activated by calling the
+   issue_pending API. If channel is idle then the first transaction in
+   queue is started and subsequent ones queued up.
+
+   On completion of each DMA operation, the next in queue is started and
+   a tasklet triggered. The tasklet will then call the client driver
+   completion callback routine for notification, if set.
+
+   Interface:
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+      void dma_async_issue_pending(struct dma_chan *chan);
+
+Further APIs:
+-------------
+
+1. Terminate APIs
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+      int dmaengine_terminate_sync(struct dma_chan *chan)
+      int dmaengine_terminate_async(struct dma_chan *chan)
+      int dmaengine_terminate_all(struct dma_chan *chan) /* DEPRECATED */
+
+   This causes all activity for the DMA channel to be stopped, and may
+   discard data in the DMA FIFO which hasn't been fully transferred.
+   No callback functions will be called for any incomplete transfers.
+
+   Two variants of this function are available.
+
+   dmaengine_terminate_async() might not wait until the DMA has been fully
+   stopped or until any running complete callbacks have finished. But it is
+   possible to call dmaengine_terminate_async() from atomic context or from
+   within a complete callback. dmaengine_synchronize() must be called before it
+   is safe to free the memory accessed by the DMA transfer or free resources
+   accessed from within the complete callback.
+
+   dmaengine_terminate_sync() will wait for the transfer and any running
+   complete callbacks to finish before it returns. But the function must not be
+   called from atomic context or from within a complete callback.
+
+   dmaengine_terminate_all() is deprecated and should not be used in new code.
+
+2. Pause API
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+      int dmaengine_pause(struct dma_chan *chan)
+
+   This pauses activity on the DMA channel without data loss.
+
+3. Resume API
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+       int dmaengine_resume(struct dma_chan *chan)
+
+   Resume a previously paused DMA channel. It is invalid to resume a
+   channel which is not currently paused.
+
+4. Check Txn complete
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+      enum dma_status dma_async_is_tx_complete(struct dma_chan *chan,
+		dma_cookie_t cookie, dma_cookie_t *last, dma_cookie_t *used)
+
+   This can be used to check the status of the channel. Please see
+   the documentation in include/linux/dmaengine.h for a more complete
+   description of this API.
+
+   This can be used in conjunction with dma_async_is_complete() and
+   the cookie returned from dmaengine_submit() to check for
+   completion of a specific DMA transaction.
+
+   .. note::
+
+      Not all DMA engine drivers can return reliable information for
+      a running DMA channel. It is recommended that DMA engine users
+      pause or stop (via dmaengine_terminate_all()) the channel before
+      using this API.
+
+5. Synchronize termination API
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+      void dmaengine_synchronize(struct dma_chan *chan)
+
+   Synchronize the termination of the DMA channel to the current context.
+
+   This function should be used after dmaengine_terminate_async() to synchronize
+   the termination of the DMA channel to the current context. The function will
+   wait for the transfer and any running complete callbacks to finish before it
+   returns.
+
+   If dmaengine_terminate_async() is used to stop the DMA channel this function
+   must be called before it is safe to free memory accessed by previously
+   submitted descriptors or to free any resources accessed within the complete
+   callback of previously submitted descriptors.
+
+   The behavior of this function is undefined if dma_async_issue_pending() has
+   been called between dmaengine_terminate_async() and this function.