Adding upstream version 4.19.249.upstream/4.19.249upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 192 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/media/v4l-drivers/pxa_camera.rst b/Documentation/media/v4l-drivers/pxa_camera.rst
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+PXA-Camera Host Driver
+======================
+
+Author: Robert Jarzmik <robert.jarzmik@free.fr>
+
+Constraints
+-----------
+
+a) Image size for YUV422P format
+   All YUV422P images are enforced to have width x height % 16 = 0.
+   This is due to DMA constraints, which transfers only planes of 8 byte
+   multiples.
+
+
+Global video workflow
+---------------------
+
+a) QCI stopped
+   Initialy, the QCI interface is stopped.
+   When a buffer is queued (pxa_videobuf_ops->buf_queue), the QCI starts.
+
+b) QCI started
+   More buffers can be queued while the QCI is started without halting the
+   capture.  The new buffers are "appended" at the tail of the DMA chain, and
+   smoothly captured one frame after the other.
+
+   Once a buffer is filled in the QCI interface, it is marked as "DONE" and
+   removed from the active buffers list. It can be then requeud or dequeued by
+   userland application.
+
+   Once the last buffer is filled in, the QCI interface stops.
+
+c) Capture global finite state machine schema
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+	+----+                             +---+  +----+
+	| DQ |                             | Q |  | DQ |
+	|    v                             |   v  |    v
+	+-----------+                     +------------------------+
+	|   STOP    |                     | Wait for capture start |
+	+-----------+         Q           +------------------------+
+	+-> | QCI: stop | ------------------> | QCI: run               | <------------+
+	|   | DMA: stop |                     | DMA: stop              |              |
+	|   +-----------+             +-----> +------------------------+              |
+	|                            /                            |                   |
+	|                           /             +---+  +----+   |                   |
+	|capture list empty        /              | Q |  | DQ |   | QCI Irq EOF       |
+	|                         /               |   v  |    v   v                   |
+	|   +--------------------+             +----------------------+               |
+	|   | DMA hotlink missed |             |    Capture running   |               |
+	|   +--------------------+             +----------------------+               |
+	|   | QCI: run           |     +-----> | QCI: run             | <-+           |
+	|   | DMA: stop          |    /        | DMA: run             |   |           |
+	|   +--------------------+   /         +----------------------+   | Other     |
+	|     ^                     /DMA still            |               | channels  |
+	|     | capture list       /  running             | DMA Irq End   | not       |
+	|     | not empty         /                       |               | finished  |
+	|     |                  /                        v               | yet       |
+	|   +----------------------+           +----------------------+   |           |
+	|   |  Videobuf released   |           |  Channel completed   |   |           |
+	|   +----------------------+           +----------------------+   |           |
+	+-- | QCI: run             |           | QCI: run             | --+           |
+	| DMA: run             |           | DMA: run             |               |
+	+----------------------+           +----------------------+               |
+		^                      /           |                           |
+		|          no overrun /            | overrun                   |
+		|                    /             v                           |
+	+--------------------+         /   +----------------------+               |
+	|  Frame completed   |        /    |     Frame overran    |               |
+	+--------------------+ <-----+     +----------------------+ restart frame |
+	| QCI: run           |             | QCI: stop            | --------------+
+	| DMA: run           |             | DMA: stop            |
+	+--------------------+             +----------------------+
+
+	Legend: - each box is a FSM state
+		- each arrow is the condition to transition to another state
+		- an arrow with a comment is a mandatory transition (no condition)
+		- arrow "Q" means : a buffer was enqueued
+		- arrow "DQ" means : a buffer was dequeued
+		- "QCI: stop" means the QCI interface is not enabled
+		- "DMA: stop" means all 3 DMA channels are stopped
+		- "DMA: run" means at least 1 DMA channel is still running
+
+DMA usage
+---------
+
+a) DMA flow
+     - first buffer queued for capture
+       Once a first buffer is queued for capture, the QCI is started, but data
+       transfer is not started. On "End Of Frame" interrupt, the irq handler
+       starts the DMA chain.
+     - capture of one videobuffer
+       The DMA chain starts transferring data into videobuffer RAM pages.
+       When all pages are transferred, the DMA irq is raised on "ENDINTR" status
+     - finishing one videobuffer
+       The DMA irq handler marks the videobuffer as "done", and removes it from
+       the active running queue
+       Meanwhile, the next videobuffer (if there is one), is transferred by DMA
+     - finishing the last videobuffer
+       On the DMA irq of the last videobuffer, the QCI is stopped.
+
+b) DMA prepared buffer will have this structure
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+     +------------+-----+---------------+-----------------+
+     | desc-sg[0] | ... | desc-sg[last] | finisher/linker |
+     +------------+-----+---------------+-----------------+
+
+This structure is pointed by dma->sg_cpu.
+The descriptors are used as follows:
+
+- desc-sg[i]: i-th descriptor, transferring the i-th sg
+  element to the video buffer scatter gather
+- finisher: has ddadr=DADDR_STOP, dcmd=ENDIRQEN
+- linker: has ddadr= desc-sg[0] of next video buffer, dcmd=0
+
+For the next schema, let's assume d0=desc-sg[0] .. dN=desc-sg[N],
+"f" stands for finisher and "l" for linker.
+A typical running chain is :
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+         Videobuffer 1         Videobuffer 2
+     +---------+----+---+  +----+----+----+---+
+     | d0 | .. | dN | l |  | d0 | .. | dN | f |
+     +---------+----+-|-+  ^----+----+----+---+
+                      |    |
+                      +----+
+
+After the chaining is finished, the chain looks like :
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+         Videobuffer 1         Videobuffer 2         Videobuffer 3
+     +---------+----+---+  +----+----+----+---+  +----+----+----+---+
+     | d0 | .. | dN | l |  | d0 | .. | dN | l |  | d0 | .. | dN | f |
+     +---------+----+-|-+  ^----+----+----+-|-+  ^----+----+----+---+
+                      |    |                |    |
+                      +----+                +----+
+                                           new_link
+
+c) DMA hot chaining timeslice issue
+
+As DMA chaining is done while DMA _is_ running, the linking may be done
+while the DMA jumps from one Videobuffer to another. On the schema, that
+would be a problem if the following sequence is encountered :
+
+- DMA chain is Videobuffer1 + Videobuffer2
+- pxa_videobuf_queue() is called to queue Videobuffer3
+- DMA controller finishes Videobuffer2, and DMA stops
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+      =>
+         Videobuffer 1         Videobuffer 2
+     +---------+----+---+  +----+----+----+---+
+     | d0 | .. | dN | l |  | d0 | .. | dN | f |
+     +---------+----+-|-+  ^----+----+----+-^-+
+                      |    |                |
+                      +----+                +-- DMA DDADR loads DDADR_STOP
+
+- pxa_dma_add_tail_buf() is called, the Videobuffer2 "finisher" is
+  replaced by a "linker" to Videobuffer3 (creation of new_link)
+- pxa_videobuf_queue() finishes
+- the DMA irq handler is called, which terminates Videobuffer2
+- Videobuffer3 capture is not scheduled on DMA chain (as it stopped !!!)
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+         Videobuffer 1         Videobuffer 2         Videobuffer 3
+     +---------+----+---+  +----+----+----+---+  +----+----+----+---+
+     | d0 | .. | dN | l |  | d0 | .. | dN | l |  | d0 | .. | dN | f |
+     +---------+----+-|-+  ^----+----+----+-|-+  ^----+----+----+---+
+                      |    |                |    |
+                      +----+                +----+
+                                           new_link
+                                          DMA DDADR still is DDADR_STOP
+
+- pxa_camera_check_link_miss() is called
+  This checks if the DMA is finished and a buffer is still on the
+  pcdev->capture list. If that's the case, the capture will be restarted,
+  and Videobuffer3 is scheduled on DMA chain.
+- the DMA irq handler finishes
+
+.. note::
+
+     If DMA stops just after pxa_camera_check_link_miss() reads DDADR()
+     value, we have the guarantee that the DMA irq handler will be called back
+     when the DMA will finish the buffer, and pxa_camera_check_link_miss() will
+     be called again, to reschedule Videobuffer3.