Adding upstream version 4.19.249.upstream/4.19.249upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2768 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tools/perf/util/parse-events.c b/tools/perf/util/parse-events.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0eff0c3ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/perf/util/parse-events.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2768 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include "term.h"
+#include "../perf.h"
+#include "evlist.h"
+#include "evsel.h"
+#include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
+#include "parse-events.h"
+#include <subcmd/exec-cmd.h>
+#include "string2.h"
+#include "strlist.h"
+#include "symbol.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "header.h"
+#include "bpf-loader.h"
+#include "debug.h"
+#include <api/fs/tracing_path.h>
+#include "parse-events-bison.h"
+#define YY_EXTRA_TYPE int
+#include "parse-events-flex.h"
+#include "pmu.h"
+#include "thread_map.h"
+#include "cpumap.h"
+#include "probe-file.h"
+#include "asm/bug.h"
+#include "util/parse-branch-options.h"
+#include "metricgroup.h"
+
+#define MAX_NAME_LEN 100
+
+#ifdef PARSER_DEBUG
+extern int parse_events_debug;
+#endif
+int parse_events_parse(void *parse_state, void *scanner);
+static int get_config_terms(struct list_head *head_config,
+			    struct list_head *head_terms __maybe_unused);
+
+static struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *perf_pmu_events_list;
+/*
+ * The variable indicates the number of supported pmu event symbols.
+ * 0 means not initialized and ready to init
+ * -1 means failed to init, don't try anymore
+ * >0 is the number of supported pmu event symbols
+ */
+static int perf_pmu_events_list_num;
+
+struct event_symbol event_symbols_hw[PERF_COUNT_HW_MAX] = {
+	[PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES] = {
+		.symbol = "cpu-cycles",
+		.alias  = "cycles",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS] = {
+		.symbol = "instructions",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_REFERENCES] = {
+		.symbol = "cache-references",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MISSES] = {
+		.symbol = "cache-misses",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS] = {
+		.symbol = "branch-instructions",
+		.alias  = "branches",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES] = {
+		.symbol = "branch-misses",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_HW_BUS_CYCLES] = {
+		.symbol = "bus-cycles",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND] = {
+		.symbol = "stalled-cycles-frontend",
+		.alias  = "idle-cycles-frontend",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND] = {
+		.symbol = "stalled-cycles-backend",
+		.alias  = "idle-cycles-backend",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_HW_REF_CPU_CYCLES] = {
+		.symbol = "ref-cycles",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+};
+
+struct event_symbol event_symbols_sw[PERF_COUNT_SW_MAX] = {
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_CLOCK] = {
+		.symbol = "cpu-clock",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK] = {
+		.symbol = "task-clock",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS] = {
+		.symbol = "page-faults",
+		.alias  = "faults",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES] = {
+		.symbol = "context-switches",
+		.alias  = "cs",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS] = {
+		.symbol = "cpu-migrations",
+		.alias  = "migrations",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MIN] = {
+		.symbol = "minor-faults",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS_MAJ] = {
+		.symbol = "major-faults",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_ALIGNMENT_FAULTS] = {
+		.symbol = "alignment-faults",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_EMULATION_FAULTS] = {
+		.symbol = "emulation-faults",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_DUMMY] = {
+		.symbol = "dummy",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+	[PERF_COUNT_SW_BPF_OUTPUT] = {
+		.symbol = "bpf-output",
+		.alias  = "",
+	},
+};
+
+#define __PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, name) \
+	((config & PERF_EVENT_##name##_MASK) >> PERF_EVENT_##name##_SHIFT)
+
+#define PERF_EVENT_RAW(config)		__PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, RAW)
+#define PERF_EVENT_CONFIG(config)	__PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, CONFIG)
+#define PERF_EVENT_TYPE(config)		__PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, TYPE)
+#define PERF_EVENT_ID(config)		__PERF_EVENT_FIELD(config, EVENT)
+
+#define for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent)			\
+	while ((sys_dirent = readdir(sys_dir)) != NULL)		\
+		if (sys_dirent->d_type == DT_DIR &&		\
+		    (strcmp(sys_dirent->d_name, ".")) &&	\
+		    (strcmp(sys_dirent->d_name, "..")))
+
+static int tp_event_has_id(const char *dir_path, struct dirent *evt_dir)
+{
+	char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN];
+	int fd;
+
+	snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s/id", dir_path, evt_dir->d_name);
+	fd = open(evt_path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	close(fd);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define for_each_event(dir_path, evt_dir, evt_dirent)		\
+	while ((evt_dirent = readdir(evt_dir)) != NULL)		\
+		if (evt_dirent->d_type == DT_DIR &&		\
+		    (strcmp(evt_dirent->d_name, ".")) &&	\
+		    (strcmp(evt_dirent->d_name, "..")) &&	\
+		    (!tp_event_has_id(dir_path, evt_dirent)))
+
+#define MAX_EVENT_LENGTH 512
+
+
+struct tracepoint_path *tracepoint_id_to_path(u64 config)
+{
+	struct tracepoint_path *path = NULL;
+	DIR *sys_dir, *evt_dir;
+	struct dirent *sys_dirent, *evt_dirent;
+	char id_buf[24];
+	int fd;
+	u64 id;
+	char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN];
+	char *dir_path;
+
+	sys_dir = tracing_events__opendir();
+	if (!sys_dir)
+		return NULL;
+
+	for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent) {
+		dir_path = get_events_file(sys_dirent->d_name);
+		if (!dir_path)
+			continue;
+		evt_dir = opendir(dir_path);
+		if (!evt_dir)
+			goto next;
+
+		for_each_event(dir_path, evt_dir, evt_dirent) {
+
+			scnprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s/%s/id", dir_path,
+				  evt_dirent->d_name);
+			fd = open(evt_path, O_RDONLY);
+			if (fd < 0)
+				continue;
+			if (read(fd, id_buf, sizeof(id_buf)) < 0) {
+				close(fd);
+				continue;
+			}
+			close(fd);
+			id = atoll(id_buf);
+			if (id == config) {
+				put_events_file(dir_path);
+				closedir(evt_dir);
+				closedir(sys_dir);
+				path = zalloc(sizeof(*path));
+				if (!path)
+					return NULL;
+				path->system = malloc(MAX_EVENT_LENGTH);
+				if (!path->system) {
+					free(path);
+					return NULL;
+				}
+				path->name = malloc(MAX_EVENT_LENGTH);
+				if (!path->name) {
+					zfree(&path->system);
+					free(path);
+					return NULL;
+				}
+				strncpy(path->system, sys_dirent->d_name,
+					MAX_EVENT_LENGTH);
+				strncpy(path->name, evt_dirent->d_name,
+					MAX_EVENT_LENGTH);
+				return path;
+			}
+		}
+		closedir(evt_dir);
+next:
+		put_events_file(dir_path);
+	}
+
+	closedir(sys_dir);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+struct tracepoint_path *tracepoint_name_to_path(const char *name)
+{
+	struct tracepoint_path *path = zalloc(sizeof(*path));
+	char *str = strchr(name, ':');
+
+	if (path == NULL || str == NULL) {
+		free(path);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	path->system = strndup(name, str - name);
+	path->name = strdup(str+1);
+
+	if (path->system == NULL || path->name == NULL) {
+		zfree(&path->system);
+		zfree(&path->name);
+		zfree(&path);
+	}
+
+	return path;
+}
+
+const char *event_type(int type)
+{
+	switch (type) {
+	case PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE:
+		return "hardware";
+
+	case PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE:
+		return "software";
+
+	case PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT:
+		return "tracepoint";
+
+	case PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE:
+		return "hardware-cache";
+
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return "unknown";
+}
+
+static int parse_events__is_name_term(struct parse_events_term *term)
+{
+	return term->type_term == PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NAME;
+}
+
+static char *get_config_name(struct list_head *head_terms)
+{
+	struct parse_events_term *term;
+
+	if (!head_terms)
+		return NULL;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(term, head_terms, list)
+		if (parse_events__is_name_term(term))
+			return term->val.str;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct perf_evsel *
+__add_event(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
+	    struct perf_event_attr *attr,
+	    char *name, struct perf_pmu *pmu,
+	    struct list_head *config_terms, bool auto_merge_stats)
+{
+	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
+	struct cpu_map *cpus = pmu ? pmu->cpus : NULL;
+
+	event_attr_init(attr);
+
+	evsel = perf_evsel__new_idx(attr, *idx);
+	if (!evsel)
+		return NULL;
+
+	(*idx)++;
+	evsel->cpus        = cpu_map__get(cpus);
+	evsel->own_cpus    = cpu_map__get(cpus);
+	evsel->system_wide = pmu ? pmu->is_uncore : false;
+	evsel->auto_merge_stats = auto_merge_stats;
+
+	if (name)
+		evsel->name = strdup(name);
+
+	if (config_terms)
+		list_splice(config_terms, &evsel->config_terms);
+
+	list_add_tail(&evsel->node, list);
+	return evsel;
+}
+
+static int add_event(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
+		     struct perf_event_attr *attr, char *name,
+		     struct list_head *config_terms)
+{
+	return __add_event(list, idx, attr, name, NULL, config_terms, false) ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+static int parse_aliases(char *str, const char *names[][PERF_EVSEL__MAX_ALIASES], int size)
+{
+	int i, j;
+	int n, longest = -1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+		for (j = 0; j < PERF_EVSEL__MAX_ALIASES && names[i][j]; j++) {
+			n = strlen(names[i][j]);
+			if (n > longest && !strncasecmp(str, names[i][j], n))
+				longest = n;
+		}
+		if (longest > 0)
+			return i;
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+typedef int config_term_func_t(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
+			       struct parse_events_term *term,
+			       struct parse_events_error *err);
+static int config_term_common(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
+			      struct parse_events_term *term,
+			      struct parse_events_error *err);
+static int config_attr(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
+		       struct list_head *head,
+		       struct parse_events_error *err,
+		       config_term_func_t config_term);
+
+int parse_events_add_cache(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
+			   char *type, char *op_result1, char *op_result2,
+			   struct parse_events_error *err,
+			   struct list_head *head_config)
+{
+	struct perf_event_attr attr;
+	LIST_HEAD(config_terms);
+	char name[MAX_NAME_LEN], *config_name;
+	int cache_type = -1, cache_op = -1, cache_result = -1;
+	char *op_result[2] = { op_result1, op_result2 };
+	int i, n;
+
+	/*
+	 * No fallback - if we cannot get a clear cache type
+	 * then bail out:
+	 */
+	cache_type = parse_aliases(type, perf_evsel__hw_cache,
+				   PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MAX);
+	if (cache_type == -1)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	config_name = get_config_name(head_config);
+	n = snprintf(name, MAX_NAME_LEN, "%s", type);
+
+	for (i = 0; (i < 2) && (op_result[i]); i++) {
+		char *str = op_result[i];
+
+		n += snprintf(name + n, MAX_NAME_LEN - n, "-%s", str);
+
+		if (cache_op == -1) {
+			cache_op = parse_aliases(str, perf_evsel__hw_cache_op,
+						 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_MAX);
+			if (cache_op >= 0) {
+				if (!perf_evsel__is_cache_op_valid(cache_type, cache_op))
+					return -EINVAL;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (cache_result == -1) {
+			cache_result = parse_aliases(str, perf_evsel__hw_cache_result,
+						     PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MAX);
+			if (cache_result >= 0)
+				continue;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Fall back to reads:
+	 */
+	if (cache_op == -1)
+		cache_op = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fall back to accesses:
+	 */
+	if (cache_result == -1)
+		cache_result = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS;
+
+	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
+	attr.config = cache_type | (cache_op << 8) | (cache_result << 16);
+	attr.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE;
+
+	if (head_config) {
+		if (config_attr(&attr, head_config, err,
+				config_term_common))
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		if (get_config_terms(head_config, &config_terms))
+			return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	return add_event(list, idx, &attr, config_name ? : name, &config_terms);
+}
+
+static void tracepoint_error(struct parse_events_error *e, int err,
+			     const char *sys, const char *name)
+{
+	char help[BUFSIZ];
+
+	if (!e)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * We get error directly from syscall errno ( > 0),
+	 * or from encoded pointer's error ( < 0).
+	 */
+	err = abs(err);
+
+	switch (err) {
+	case EACCES:
+		e->str = strdup("can't access trace events");
+		break;
+	case ENOENT:
+		e->str = strdup("unknown tracepoint");
+		break;
+	default:
+		e->str = strdup("failed to add tracepoint");
+		break;
+	}
+
+	tracing_path__strerror_open_tp(err, help, sizeof(help), sys, name);
+	e->help = strdup(help);
+}
+
+static int add_tracepoint(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
+			  const char *sys_name, const char *evt_name,
+			  struct parse_events_error *err,
+			  struct list_head *head_config)
+{
+	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
+
+	evsel = perf_evsel__newtp_idx(sys_name, evt_name, (*idx)++);
+	if (IS_ERR(evsel)) {
+		tracepoint_error(err, PTR_ERR(evsel), sys_name, evt_name);
+		return PTR_ERR(evsel);
+	}
+
+	if (head_config) {
+		LIST_HEAD(config_terms);
+
+		if (get_config_terms(head_config, &config_terms))
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		list_splice(&config_terms, &evsel->config_terms);
+	}
+
+	list_add_tail(&evsel->node, list);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_tracepoint_multi_event(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
+				      const char *sys_name, const char *evt_name,
+				      struct parse_events_error *err,
+				      struct list_head *head_config)
+{
+	char *evt_path;
+	struct dirent *evt_ent;
+	DIR *evt_dir;
+	int ret = 0, found = 0;
+
+	evt_path = get_events_file(sys_name);
+	if (!evt_path) {
+		tracepoint_error(err, errno, sys_name, evt_name);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	evt_dir = opendir(evt_path);
+	if (!evt_dir) {
+		put_events_file(evt_path);
+		tracepoint_error(err, errno, sys_name, evt_name);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	while (!ret && (evt_ent = readdir(evt_dir))) {
+		if (!strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, ".")
+		    || !strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, "..")
+		    || !strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, "enable")
+		    || !strcmp(evt_ent->d_name, "filter"))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!strglobmatch(evt_ent->d_name, evt_name))
+			continue;
+
+		found++;
+
+		ret = add_tracepoint(list, idx, sys_name, evt_ent->d_name,
+				     err, head_config);
+	}
+
+	if (!found) {
+		tracepoint_error(err, ENOENT, sys_name, evt_name);
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+
+	put_events_file(evt_path);
+	closedir(evt_dir);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int add_tracepoint_event(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
+				const char *sys_name, const char *evt_name,
+				struct parse_events_error *err,
+				struct list_head *head_config)
+{
+	return strpbrk(evt_name, "*?") ?
+	       add_tracepoint_multi_event(list, idx, sys_name, evt_name,
+					  err, head_config) :
+	       add_tracepoint(list, idx, sys_name, evt_name,
+			      err, head_config);
+}
+
+static int add_tracepoint_multi_sys(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
+				    const char *sys_name, const char *evt_name,
+				    struct parse_events_error *err,
+				    struct list_head *head_config)
+{
+	struct dirent *events_ent;
+	DIR *events_dir;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	events_dir = tracing_events__opendir();
+	if (!events_dir) {
+		tracepoint_error(err, errno, sys_name, evt_name);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	while (!ret && (events_ent = readdir(events_dir))) {
+		if (!strcmp(events_ent->d_name, ".")
+		    || !strcmp(events_ent->d_name, "..")
+		    || !strcmp(events_ent->d_name, "enable")
+		    || !strcmp(events_ent->d_name, "header_event")
+		    || !strcmp(events_ent->d_name, "header_page"))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!strglobmatch(events_ent->d_name, sys_name))
+			continue;
+
+		ret = add_tracepoint_event(list, idx, events_ent->d_name,
+					   evt_name, err, head_config);
+	}
+
+	closedir(events_dir);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct __add_bpf_event_param {
+	struct parse_events_state *parse_state;
+	struct list_head *list;
+	struct list_head *head_config;
+};
+
+static int add_bpf_event(const char *group, const char *event, int fd,
+			 void *_param)
+{
+	LIST_HEAD(new_evsels);
+	struct __add_bpf_event_param *param = _param;
+	struct parse_events_state *parse_state = param->parse_state;
+	struct list_head *list = param->list;
+	struct perf_evsel *pos;
+	int err;
+
+	pr_debug("add bpf event %s:%s and attach bpf program %d\n",
+		 group, event, fd);
+
+	err = parse_events_add_tracepoint(&new_evsels, &parse_state->idx, group,
+					  event, parse_state->error,
+					  param->head_config);
+	if (err) {
+		struct perf_evsel *evsel, *tmp;
+
+		pr_debug("Failed to add BPF event %s:%s\n",
+			 group, event);
+		list_for_each_entry_safe(evsel, tmp, &new_evsels, node) {
+			list_del(&evsel->node);
+			perf_evsel__delete(evsel);
+		}
+		return err;
+	}
+	pr_debug("adding %s:%s\n", group, event);
+
+	list_for_each_entry(pos, &new_evsels, node) {
+		pr_debug("adding %s:%s to %p\n",
+			 group, event, pos);
+		pos->bpf_fd = fd;
+	}
+	list_splice(&new_evsels, list);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_events_load_bpf_obj(struct parse_events_state *parse_state,
+			      struct list_head *list,
+			      struct bpf_object *obj,
+			      struct list_head *head_config)
+{
+	int err;
+	char errbuf[BUFSIZ];
+	struct __add_bpf_event_param param = {parse_state, list, head_config};
+	static bool registered_unprobe_atexit = false;
+
+	if (IS_ERR(obj) || !obj) {
+		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+			 "Internal error: load bpf obj with NULL");
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto errout;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Register atexit handler before calling bpf__probe() so
+	 * bpf__probe() don't need to unprobe probe points its already
+	 * created when failure.
+	 */
+	if (!registered_unprobe_atexit) {
+		atexit(bpf__clear);
+		registered_unprobe_atexit = true;
+	}
+
+	err = bpf__probe(obj);
+	if (err) {
+		bpf__strerror_probe(obj, err, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+		goto errout;
+	}
+
+	err = bpf__load(obj);
+	if (err) {
+		bpf__strerror_load(obj, err, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
+		goto errout;
+	}
+
+	err = bpf__foreach_event(obj, add_bpf_event, &param);
+	if (err) {
+		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+			 "Attach events in BPF object failed");
+		goto errout;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+errout:
+	parse_state->error->help = strdup("(add -v to see detail)");
+	parse_state->error->str = strdup(errbuf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int
+parse_events_config_bpf(struct parse_events_state *parse_state,
+			struct bpf_object *obj,
+			struct list_head *head_config)
+{
+	struct parse_events_term *term;
+	int error_pos;
+
+	if (!head_config || list_empty(head_config))
+		return 0;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(term, head_config, list) {
+		char errbuf[BUFSIZ];
+		int err;
+
+		if (term->type_term != PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER) {
+			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+				 "Invalid config term for BPF object");
+			errbuf[BUFSIZ - 1] = '\0';
+
+			parse_state->error->idx = term->err_term;
+			parse_state->error->str = strdup(errbuf);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+
+		err = bpf__config_obj(obj, term, parse_state->evlist, &error_pos);
+		if (err) {
+			bpf__strerror_config_obj(obj, term, parse_state->evlist,
+						 &error_pos, err, errbuf,
+						 sizeof(errbuf));
+			parse_state->error->help = strdup(
+"Hint:\tValid config terms:\n"
+"     \tmap:[<arraymap>].value<indices>=[value]\n"
+"     \tmap:[<eventmap>].event<indices>=[event]\n"
+"\n"
+"     \twhere <indices> is something like [0,3...5] or [all]\n"
+"     \t(add -v to see detail)");
+			parse_state->error->str = strdup(errbuf);
+			if (err == -BPF_LOADER_ERRNO__OBJCONF_MAP_VALUE)
+				parse_state->error->idx = term->err_val;
+			else
+				parse_state->error->idx = term->err_term + error_pos;
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Split config terms:
+ * perf record -e bpf.c/call-graph=fp,map:array.value[0]=1/ ...
+ *  'call-graph=fp' is 'evt config', should be applied to each
+ *  events in bpf.c.
+ * 'map:array.value[0]=1' is 'obj config', should be processed
+ * with parse_events_config_bpf.
+ *
+ * Move object config terms from the first list to obj_head_config.
+ */
+static void
+split_bpf_config_terms(struct list_head *evt_head_config,
+		       struct list_head *obj_head_config)
+{
+	struct parse_events_term *term, *temp;
+
+	/*
+	 * Currectly, all possible user config term
+	 * belong to bpf object. parse_events__is_hardcoded_term()
+	 * happends to be a good flag.
+	 *
+	 * See parse_events_config_bpf() and
+	 * config_term_tracepoint().
+	 */
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(term, temp, evt_head_config, list)
+		if (!parse_events__is_hardcoded_term(term))
+			list_move_tail(&term->list, obj_head_config);
+}
+
+int parse_events_load_bpf(struct parse_events_state *parse_state,
+			  struct list_head *list,
+			  char *bpf_file_name,
+			  bool source,
+			  struct list_head *head_config)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct bpf_object *obj;
+	LIST_HEAD(obj_head_config);
+
+	if (head_config)
+		split_bpf_config_terms(head_config, &obj_head_config);
+
+	obj = bpf__prepare_load(bpf_file_name, source);
+	if (IS_ERR(obj)) {
+		char errbuf[BUFSIZ];
+
+		err = PTR_ERR(obj);
+
+		if (err == -ENOTSUP)
+			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+				 "BPF support is not compiled");
+		else
+			bpf__strerror_prepare_load(bpf_file_name,
+						   source,
+						   -err, errbuf,
+						   sizeof(errbuf));
+
+		parse_state->error->help = strdup("(add -v to see detail)");
+		parse_state->error->str = strdup(errbuf);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = parse_events_load_bpf_obj(parse_state, list, obj, head_config);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	err = parse_events_config_bpf(parse_state, obj, &obj_head_config);
+
+	/*
+	 * Caller doesn't know anything about obj_head_config,
+	 * so combine them together again before returnning.
+	 */
+	if (head_config)
+		list_splice_tail(&obj_head_config, head_config);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int
+parse_breakpoint_type(const char *type, struct perf_event_attr *attr)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		if (!type || !type[i])
+			break;
+
+#define CHECK_SET_TYPE(bit)		\
+do {					\
+	if (attr->bp_type & bit)	\
+		return -EINVAL;		\
+	else				\
+		attr->bp_type |= bit;	\
+} while (0)
+
+		switch (type[i]) {
+		case 'r':
+			CHECK_SET_TYPE(HW_BREAKPOINT_R);
+			break;
+		case 'w':
+			CHECK_SET_TYPE(HW_BREAKPOINT_W);
+			break;
+		case 'x':
+			CHECK_SET_TYPE(HW_BREAKPOINT_X);
+			break;
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+#undef CHECK_SET_TYPE
+
+	if (!attr->bp_type) /* Default */
+		attr->bp_type = HW_BREAKPOINT_R | HW_BREAKPOINT_W;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_events_add_breakpoint(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
+				void *ptr, char *type, u64 len)
+{
+	struct perf_event_attr attr;
+
+	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
+	attr.bp_addr = (unsigned long) ptr;
+
+	if (parse_breakpoint_type(type, &attr))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/* Provide some defaults if len is not specified */
+	if (!len) {
+		if (attr.bp_type == HW_BREAKPOINT_X)
+			len = sizeof(long);
+		else
+			len = HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_4;
+	}
+
+	attr.bp_len = len;
+
+	attr.type = PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT;
+	attr.sample_period = 1;
+
+	return add_event(list, idx, &attr, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+static int check_type_val(struct parse_events_term *term,
+			  struct parse_events_error *err,
+			  int type)
+{
+	if (type == term->type_val)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (err) {
+		err->idx = term->err_val;
+		if (type == PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NUM)
+			err->str = strdup("expected numeric value");
+		else
+			err->str = strdup("expected string value");
+	}
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update according to parse-events.l
+ */
+static const char *config_term_names[__PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NR] = {
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER]			= "<sysfs term>",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG]		= "config",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG1]		= "config1",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG2]		= "config2",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NAME]			= "name",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_PERIOD]		= "period",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_FREQ]		= "freq",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_BRANCH_SAMPLE_TYPE]	= "branch_type",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_TIME]			= "time",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CALLGRAPH]		= "call-graph",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STACKSIZE]		= "stack-size",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOINHERIT]		= "no-inherit",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_INHERIT]		= "inherit",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_MAX_STACK]		= "max-stack",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_OVERWRITE]		= "overwrite",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOOVERWRITE]		= "no-overwrite",
+	[PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_DRV_CFG]		= "driver-config",
+};
+
+static bool config_term_shrinked;
+
+static bool
+config_term_avail(int term_type, struct parse_events_error *err)
+{
+	if (term_type < 0 || term_type >= __PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NR) {
+		err->str = strdup("Invalid term_type");
+		return false;
+	}
+	if (!config_term_shrinked)
+		return true;
+
+	switch (term_type) {
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG:
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG1:
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG2:
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NAME:
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_PERIOD:
+		return true;
+	default:
+		if (!err)
+			return false;
+
+		/* term_type is validated so indexing is safe */
+		if (asprintf(&err->str, "'%s' is not usable in 'perf stat'",
+			     config_term_names[term_type]) < 0)
+			err->str = NULL;
+		return false;
+	}
+}
+
+void parse_events__shrink_config_terms(void)
+{
+	config_term_shrinked = true;
+}
+
+static int config_term_common(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
+			      struct parse_events_term *term,
+			      struct parse_events_error *err)
+{
+#define CHECK_TYPE_VAL(type)						   \
+do {									   \
+	if (check_type_val(term, err, PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_ ## type)) \
+		return -EINVAL;						   \
+} while (0)
+
+	switch (term->type_term) {
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		attr->config = term->val.num;
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG1:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		attr->config1 = term->val.num;
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CONFIG2:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		attr->config2 = term->val.num;
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_PERIOD:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_FREQ:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_BRANCH_SAMPLE_TYPE:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(STR);
+		if (strcmp(term->val.str, "no") &&
+		    parse_branch_str(term->val.str, &attr->branch_sample_type)) {
+			err->str = strdup("invalid branch sample type");
+			err->idx = term->err_val;
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_TIME:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		if (term->val.num > 1) {
+			err->str = strdup("expected 0 or 1");
+			err->idx = term->err_val;
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CALLGRAPH:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(STR);
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STACKSIZE:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_INHERIT:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOINHERIT:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_OVERWRITE:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOOVERWRITE:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NAME:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(STR);
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_MAX_STACK:
+		CHECK_TYPE_VAL(NUM);
+		break;
+	default:
+		err->str = strdup("unknown term");
+		err->idx = term->err_term;
+		err->help = parse_events_formats_error_string(NULL);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Check term availbility after basic checking so
+	 * PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER can be found and filtered.
+	 *
+	 * If check availbility at the entry of this function,
+	 * user will see "'<sysfs term>' is not usable in 'perf stat'"
+	 * if an invalid config term is provided for legacy events
+	 * (for example, instructions/badterm/...), which is confusing.
+	 */
+	if (!config_term_avail(term->type_term, err))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return 0;
+#undef CHECK_TYPE_VAL
+}
+
+static int config_term_pmu(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
+			   struct parse_events_term *term,
+			   struct parse_events_error *err)
+{
+	if (term->type_term == PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER ||
+	    term->type_term == PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_DRV_CFG)
+		/*
+		 * Always succeed for sysfs terms, as we dont know
+		 * at this point what type they need to have.
+		 */
+		return 0;
+	else
+		return config_term_common(attr, term, err);
+}
+
+static int config_term_tracepoint(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
+				  struct parse_events_term *term,
+				  struct parse_events_error *err)
+{
+	switch (term->type_term) {
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CALLGRAPH:
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STACKSIZE:
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_INHERIT:
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOINHERIT:
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_MAX_STACK:
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_OVERWRITE:
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOOVERWRITE:
+		return config_term_common(attr, term, err);
+	default:
+		if (err) {
+			err->idx = term->err_term;
+			err->str = strdup("unknown term");
+			err->help = strdup("valid terms: call-graph,stack-size\n");
+		}
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int config_attr(struct perf_event_attr *attr,
+		       struct list_head *head,
+		       struct parse_events_error *err,
+		       config_term_func_t config_term)
+{
+	struct parse_events_term *term;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(term, head, list)
+		if (config_term(attr, term, err))
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_config_terms(struct list_head *head_config,
+			    struct list_head *head_terms __maybe_unused)
+{
+#define ADD_CONFIG_TERM(__type, __name, __val)			\
+do {								\
+	struct perf_evsel_config_term *__t;			\
+								\
+	__t = zalloc(sizeof(*__t));				\
+	if (!__t)						\
+		return -ENOMEM;					\
+								\
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&__t->list);				\
+	__t->type       = PERF_EVSEL__CONFIG_TERM_ ## __type;	\
+	__t->val.__name = __val;				\
+	__t->weak	= term->weak;				\
+	list_add_tail(&__t->list, head_terms);			\
+} while (0)
+
+	struct parse_events_term *term;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(term, head_config, list) {
+		switch (term->type_term) {
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_PERIOD:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(PERIOD, period, term->val.num);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_SAMPLE_FREQ:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(FREQ, freq, term->val.num);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_TIME:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(TIME, time, term->val.num);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_CALLGRAPH:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(CALLGRAPH, callgraph, term->val.str);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_BRANCH_SAMPLE_TYPE:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(BRANCH, branch, term->val.str);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STACKSIZE:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(STACK_USER, stack_user, term->val.num);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_INHERIT:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(INHERIT, inherit, term->val.num ? 1 : 0);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOINHERIT:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(INHERIT, inherit, term->val.num ? 0 : 1);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_MAX_STACK:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(MAX_STACK, max_stack, term->val.num);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_OVERWRITE:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(OVERWRITE, overwrite, term->val.num ? 1 : 0);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NOOVERWRITE:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(OVERWRITE, overwrite, term->val.num ? 0 : 1);
+			break;
+		case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_DRV_CFG:
+			ADD_CONFIG_TERM(DRV_CFG, drv_cfg, term->val.str);
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+#undef ADD_EVSEL_CONFIG
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_events_add_tracepoint(struct list_head *list, int *idx,
+				const char *sys, const char *event,
+				struct parse_events_error *err,
+				struct list_head *head_config)
+{
+	if (head_config) {
+		struct perf_event_attr attr;
+
+		if (config_attr(&attr, head_config, err,
+				config_term_tracepoint))
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (strpbrk(sys, "*?"))
+		return add_tracepoint_multi_sys(list, idx, sys, event,
+						err, head_config);
+	else
+		return add_tracepoint_event(list, idx, sys, event,
+					    err, head_config);
+}
+
+int parse_events_add_numeric(struct parse_events_state *parse_state,
+			     struct list_head *list,
+			     u32 type, u64 config,
+			     struct list_head *head_config)
+{
+	struct perf_event_attr attr;
+	LIST_HEAD(config_terms);
+
+	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
+	attr.type = type;
+	attr.config = config;
+
+	if (head_config) {
+		if (config_attr(&attr, head_config, parse_state->error,
+				config_term_common))
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		if (get_config_terms(head_config, &config_terms))
+			return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	return add_event(list, &parse_state->idx, &attr,
+			 get_config_name(head_config), &config_terms);
+}
+
+int parse_events_add_pmu(struct parse_events_state *parse_state,
+			 struct list_head *list, char *name,
+			 struct list_head *head_config,
+			 bool auto_merge_stats,
+			 bool use_alias)
+{
+	struct perf_event_attr attr;
+	struct perf_pmu_info info;
+	struct perf_pmu *pmu;
+	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
+	struct parse_events_error *err = parse_state->error;
+	bool use_uncore_alias;
+	LIST_HEAD(config_terms);
+
+	pmu = perf_pmu__find(name);
+	if (!pmu) {
+		if (asprintf(&err->str,
+				"Cannot find PMU `%s'. Missing kernel support?",
+				name) < 0)
+			err->str = NULL;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (pmu->default_config) {
+		memcpy(&attr, pmu->default_config,
+		       sizeof(struct perf_event_attr));
+	} else {
+		memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
+	}
+
+	use_uncore_alias = (pmu->is_uncore && use_alias);
+
+	if (!head_config) {
+		attr.type = pmu->type;
+		evsel = __add_event(list, &parse_state->idx, &attr, NULL, pmu, NULL, auto_merge_stats);
+		if (evsel) {
+			evsel->pmu_name = name ? strdup(name) : NULL;
+			evsel->use_uncore_alias = use_uncore_alias;
+			return 0;
+		} else {
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (perf_pmu__check_alias(pmu, head_config, &info))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Configure hardcoded terms first, no need to check
+	 * return value when called with fail == 0 ;)
+	 */
+	if (config_attr(&attr, head_config, parse_state->error, config_term_pmu))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (get_config_terms(head_config, &config_terms))
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	if (perf_pmu__config(pmu, &attr, head_config, parse_state->error)) {
+		struct perf_evsel_config_term *pos, *tmp;
+
+		list_for_each_entry_safe(pos, tmp, &config_terms, list) {
+			list_del_init(&pos->list);
+			free(pos);
+		}
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	evsel = __add_event(list, &parse_state->idx, &attr,
+			    get_config_name(head_config), pmu,
+			    &config_terms, auto_merge_stats);
+	if (evsel) {
+		evsel->unit = info.unit;
+		evsel->scale = info.scale;
+		evsel->per_pkg = info.per_pkg;
+		evsel->snapshot = info.snapshot;
+		evsel->metric_expr = info.metric_expr;
+		evsel->metric_name = info.metric_name;
+		evsel->pmu_name = name ? strdup(name) : NULL;
+		evsel->use_uncore_alias = use_uncore_alias;
+	}
+
+	return evsel ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+int parse_events_multi_pmu_add(struct parse_events_state *parse_state,
+			       char *str, struct list_head **listp)
+{
+	struct list_head *head;
+	struct parse_events_term *term;
+	struct list_head *list;
+	struct perf_pmu *pmu = NULL;
+	int ok = 0;
+
+	*listp = NULL;
+	/* Add it for all PMUs that support the alias */
+	list = malloc(sizeof(struct list_head));
+	if (!list)
+		return -1;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(list);
+	while ((pmu = perf_pmu__scan(pmu)) != NULL) {
+		struct perf_pmu_alias *alias;
+
+		list_for_each_entry(alias, &pmu->aliases, list) {
+			if (!strcasecmp(alias->name, str)) {
+				head = malloc(sizeof(struct list_head));
+				if (!head)
+					return -1;
+				INIT_LIST_HEAD(head);
+				if (parse_events_term__num(&term, PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER,
+							   str, 1, false, &str, NULL) < 0)
+					return -1;
+				list_add_tail(&term->list, head);
+
+				if (!parse_events_add_pmu(parse_state, list,
+							  pmu->name, head,
+							  true, true)) {
+					pr_debug("%s -> %s/%s/\n", str,
+						 pmu->name, alias->str);
+					ok++;
+				}
+
+				parse_events_terms__delete(head);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (!ok)
+		return -1;
+	*listp = list;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_events__modifier_group(struct list_head *list,
+				 char *event_mod)
+{
+	return parse_events__modifier_event(list, event_mod, true);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if the two uncore PMUs are from the same uncore block
+ * The format of the uncore PMU name is uncore_#blockname_#pmuidx
+ */
+static bool is_same_uncore_block(const char *pmu_name_a, const char *pmu_name_b)
+{
+	char *end_a, *end_b;
+
+	end_a = strrchr(pmu_name_a, '_');
+	end_b = strrchr(pmu_name_b, '_');
+
+	if (!end_a || !end_b)
+		return false;
+
+	if ((end_a - pmu_name_a) != (end_b - pmu_name_b))
+		return false;
+
+	return (strncmp(pmu_name_a, pmu_name_b, end_a - pmu_name_a) == 0);
+}
+
+static int
+parse_events__set_leader_for_uncore_aliase(char *name, struct list_head *list,
+					   struct parse_events_state *parse_state)
+{
+	struct perf_evsel *evsel, *leader;
+	uintptr_t *leaders;
+	bool is_leader = true;
+	int i, nr_pmu = 0, total_members, ret = 0;
+
+	leader = list_first_entry(list, struct perf_evsel, node);
+	evsel = list_last_entry(list, struct perf_evsel, node);
+	total_members = evsel->idx - leader->idx + 1;
+
+	leaders = calloc(total_members, sizeof(uintptr_t));
+	if (WARN_ON(!leaders))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Going through the whole group and doing sanity check.
+	 * All members must use alias, and be from the same uncore block.
+	 * Also, storing the leader events in an array.
+	 */
+	__evlist__for_each_entry(list, evsel) {
+
+		/* Only split the uncore group which members use alias */
+		if (!evsel->use_uncore_alias)
+			goto out;
+
+		/* The events must be from the same uncore block */
+		if (!is_same_uncore_block(leader->pmu_name, evsel->pmu_name))
+			goto out;
+
+		if (!is_leader)
+			continue;
+		/*
+		 * If the event's PMU name starts to repeat, it must be a new
+		 * event. That can be used to distinguish the leader from
+		 * other members, even they have the same event name.
+		 */
+		if ((leader != evsel) &&
+		    !strcmp(leader->pmu_name, evsel->pmu_name)) {
+			is_leader = false;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Store the leader event for each PMU */
+		leaders[nr_pmu++] = (uintptr_t) evsel;
+	}
+
+	/* only one event alias */
+	if (nr_pmu == total_members) {
+		parse_state->nr_groups--;
+		goto handled;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * An uncore event alias is a joint name which means the same event
+	 * runs on all PMUs of a block.
+	 * Perf doesn't support mixed events from different PMUs in the same
+	 * group. The big group has to be split into multiple small groups
+	 * which only include the events from the same PMU.
+	 *
+	 * Here the uncore event aliases must be from the same uncore block.
+	 * The number of PMUs must be same for each alias. The number of new
+	 * small groups equals to the number of PMUs.
+	 * Setting the leader event for corresponding members in each group.
+	 */
+	i = 0;
+	__evlist__for_each_entry(list, evsel) {
+		if (i >= nr_pmu)
+			i = 0;
+		evsel->leader = (struct perf_evsel *) leaders[i++];
+	}
+
+	/* The number of members and group name are same for each group */
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_pmu; i++) {
+		evsel = (struct perf_evsel *) leaders[i];
+		evsel->nr_members = total_members / nr_pmu;
+		evsel->group_name = name ? strdup(name) : NULL;
+	}
+
+	/* Take the new small groups into account */
+	parse_state->nr_groups += nr_pmu - 1;
+
+handled:
+	ret = 1;
+out:
+	free(leaders);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void parse_events__set_leader(char *name, struct list_head *list,
+			      struct parse_events_state *parse_state)
+{
+	struct perf_evsel *leader;
+
+	if (list_empty(list)) {
+		WARN_ONCE(true, "WARNING: failed to set leader: empty list");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (parse_events__set_leader_for_uncore_aliase(name, list, parse_state))
+		return;
+
+	__perf_evlist__set_leader(list);
+	leader = list_entry(list->next, struct perf_evsel, node);
+	leader->group_name = name ? strdup(name) : NULL;
+}
+
+/* list_event is assumed to point to malloc'ed memory */
+void parse_events_update_lists(struct list_head *list_event,
+			       struct list_head *list_all)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Called for single event definition. Update the
+	 * 'all event' list, and reinit the 'single event'
+	 * list, for next event definition.
+	 */
+	list_splice_tail(list_event, list_all);
+	free(list_event);
+}
+
+struct event_modifier {
+	int eu;
+	int ek;
+	int eh;
+	int eH;
+	int eG;
+	int eI;
+	int precise;
+	int precise_max;
+	int exclude_GH;
+	int sample_read;
+	int pinned;
+	int weak;
+};
+
+static int get_event_modifier(struct event_modifier *mod, char *str,
+			       struct perf_evsel *evsel)
+{
+	int eu = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_user : 0;
+	int ek = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_kernel : 0;
+	int eh = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_hv : 0;
+	int eH = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_host : 0;
+	int eG = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_guest : 0;
+	int eI = evsel ? evsel->attr.exclude_idle : 0;
+	int precise = evsel ? evsel->attr.precise_ip : 0;
+	int precise_max = 0;
+	int sample_read = 0;
+	int pinned = evsel ? evsel->attr.pinned : 0;
+
+	int exclude = eu | ek | eh;
+	int exclude_GH = evsel ? evsel->exclude_GH : 0;
+	int weak = 0;
+
+	memset(mod, 0, sizeof(*mod));
+
+	while (*str) {
+		if (*str == 'u') {
+			if (!exclude)
+				exclude = eu = ek = eh = 1;
+			eu = 0;
+		} else if (*str == 'k') {
+			if (!exclude)
+				exclude = eu = ek = eh = 1;
+			ek = 0;
+		} else if (*str == 'h') {
+			if (!exclude)
+				exclude = eu = ek = eh = 1;
+			eh = 0;
+		} else if (*str == 'G') {
+			if (!exclude_GH)
+				exclude_GH = eG = eH = 1;
+			eG = 0;
+		} else if (*str == 'H') {
+			if (!exclude_GH)
+				exclude_GH = eG = eH = 1;
+			eH = 0;
+		} else if (*str == 'I') {
+			eI = 1;
+		} else if (*str == 'p') {
+			precise++;
+			/* use of precise requires exclude_guest */
+			if (!exclude_GH)
+				eG = 1;
+		} else if (*str == 'P') {
+			precise_max = 1;
+		} else if (*str == 'S') {
+			sample_read = 1;
+		} else if (*str == 'D') {
+			pinned = 1;
+		} else if (*str == 'W') {
+			weak = 1;
+		} else
+			break;
+
+		++str;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * precise ip:
+	 *
+	 *  0 - SAMPLE_IP can have arbitrary skid
+	 *  1 - SAMPLE_IP must have constant skid
+	 *  2 - SAMPLE_IP requested to have 0 skid
+	 *  3 - SAMPLE_IP must have 0 skid
+	 *
+	 *  See also PERF_RECORD_MISC_EXACT_IP
+	 */
+	if (precise > 3)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	mod->eu = eu;
+	mod->ek = ek;
+	mod->eh = eh;
+	mod->eH = eH;
+	mod->eG = eG;
+	mod->eI = eI;
+	mod->precise = precise;
+	mod->precise_max = precise_max;
+	mod->exclude_GH = exclude_GH;
+	mod->sample_read = sample_read;
+	mod->pinned = pinned;
+	mod->weak = weak;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Basic modifier sanity check to validate it contains only one
+ * instance of any modifier (apart from 'p') present.
+ */
+static int check_modifier(char *str)
+{
+	char *p = str;
+
+	/* The sizeof includes 0 byte as well. */
+	if (strlen(str) > (sizeof("ukhGHpppPSDIW") - 1))
+		return -1;
+
+	while (*p) {
+		if (*p != 'p' && strchr(p + 1, *p))
+			return -1;
+		p++;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_events__modifier_event(struct list_head *list, char *str, bool add)
+{
+	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
+	struct event_modifier mod;
+
+	if (str == NULL)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (check_modifier(str))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!add && get_event_modifier(&mod, str, NULL))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	__evlist__for_each_entry(list, evsel) {
+		if (add && get_event_modifier(&mod, str, evsel))
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		evsel->attr.exclude_user   = mod.eu;
+		evsel->attr.exclude_kernel = mod.ek;
+		evsel->attr.exclude_hv     = mod.eh;
+		evsel->attr.precise_ip     = mod.precise;
+		evsel->attr.exclude_host   = mod.eH;
+		evsel->attr.exclude_guest  = mod.eG;
+		evsel->attr.exclude_idle   = mod.eI;
+		evsel->exclude_GH          = mod.exclude_GH;
+		evsel->sample_read         = mod.sample_read;
+		evsel->precise_max         = mod.precise_max;
+		evsel->weak_group	   = mod.weak;
+
+		if (perf_evsel__is_group_leader(evsel))
+			evsel->attr.pinned = mod.pinned;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_events_name(struct list_head *list, char *name)
+{
+	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
+
+	__evlist__for_each_entry(list, evsel) {
+		if (!evsel->name)
+			evsel->name = strdup(name);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+comp_pmu(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+{
+	struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *pmu1 = (struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *) p1;
+	struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *pmu2 = (struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *) p2;
+
+	return strcasecmp(pmu1->symbol, pmu2->symbol);
+}
+
+static void perf_pmu__parse_cleanup(void)
+{
+	if (perf_pmu_events_list_num > 0) {
+		struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *p;
+		int i;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < perf_pmu_events_list_num; i++) {
+			p = perf_pmu_events_list + i;
+			zfree(&p->symbol);
+		}
+		zfree(&perf_pmu_events_list);
+		perf_pmu_events_list_num = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+#define SET_SYMBOL(str, stype)		\
+do {					\
+	p->symbol = str;		\
+	if (!p->symbol)			\
+		goto err;		\
+	p->type = stype;		\
+} while (0)
+
+/*
+ * Read the pmu events list from sysfs
+ * Save it into perf_pmu_events_list
+ */
+static void perf_pmu__parse_init(void)
+{
+
+	struct perf_pmu *pmu = NULL;
+	struct perf_pmu_alias *alias;
+	int len = 0;
+
+	pmu = NULL;
+	while ((pmu = perf_pmu__scan(pmu)) != NULL) {
+		list_for_each_entry(alias, &pmu->aliases, list) {
+			if (strchr(alias->name, '-'))
+				len++;
+			len++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (len == 0) {
+		perf_pmu_events_list_num = -1;
+		return;
+	}
+	perf_pmu_events_list = malloc(sizeof(struct perf_pmu_event_symbol) * len);
+	if (!perf_pmu_events_list)
+		return;
+	perf_pmu_events_list_num = len;
+
+	len = 0;
+	pmu = NULL;
+	while ((pmu = perf_pmu__scan(pmu)) != NULL) {
+		list_for_each_entry(alias, &pmu->aliases, list) {
+			struct perf_pmu_event_symbol *p = perf_pmu_events_list + len;
+			char *tmp = strchr(alias->name, '-');
+
+			if (tmp != NULL) {
+				SET_SYMBOL(strndup(alias->name, tmp - alias->name),
+						PMU_EVENT_SYMBOL_PREFIX);
+				p++;
+				SET_SYMBOL(strdup(++tmp), PMU_EVENT_SYMBOL_SUFFIX);
+				len += 2;
+			} else {
+				SET_SYMBOL(strdup(alias->name), PMU_EVENT_SYMBOL);
+				len++;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	qsort(perf_pmu_events_list, len,
+		sizeof(struct perf_pmu_event_symbol), comp_pmu);
+
+	return;
+err:
+	perf_pmu__parse_cleanup();
+}
+
+enum perf_pmu_event_symbol_type
+perf_pmu__parse_check(const char *name)
+{
+	struct perf_pmu_event_symbol p, *r;
+
+	/* scan kernel pmu events from sysfs if needed */
+	if (perf_pmu_events_list_num == 0)
+		perf_pmu__parse_init();
+	/*
+	 * name "cpu" could be prefix of cpu-cycles or cpu// events.
+	 * cpu-cycles has been handled by hardcode.
+	 * So it must be cpu// events, not kernel pmu event.
+	 */
+	if ((perf_pmu_events_list_num <= 0) || !strcmp(name, "cpu"))
+		return PMU_EVENT_SYMBOL_ERR;
+
+	p.symbol = strdup(name);
+	r = bsearch(&p, perf_pmu_events_list,
+			(size_t) perf_pmu_events_list_num,
+			sizeof(struct perf_pmu_event_symbol), comp_pmu);
+	zfree(&p.symbol);
+	return r ? r->type : PMU_EVENT_SYMBOL_ERR;
+}
+
+static int parse_events__scanner(const char *str, void *parse_state, int start_token)
+{
+	YY_BUFFER_STATE buffer;
+	void *scanner;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = parse_events_lex_init_extra(start_token, &scanner);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	buffer = parse_events__scan_string(str, scanner);
+
+#ifdef PARSER_DEBUG
+	parse_events_debug = 1;
+#endif
+	ret = parse_events_parse(parse_state, scanner);
+
+	parse_events__flush_buffer(buffer, scanner);
+	parse_events__delete_buffer(buffer, scanner);
+	parse_events_lex_destroy(scanner);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * parse event config string, return a list of event terms.
+ */
+int parse_events_terms(struct list_head *terms, const char *str)
+{
+	struct parse_events_state parse_state = {
+		.terms = NULL,
+	};
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = parse_events__scanner(str, &parse_state, PE_START_TERMS);
+	if (!ret) {
+		list_splice(parse_state.terms, terms);
+		zfree(&parse_state.terms);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	parse_events_terms__delete(parse_state.terms);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int parse_events(struct perf_evlist *evlist, const char *str,
+		 struct parse_events_error *err)
+{
+	struct parse_events_state parse_state = {
+		.list   = LIST_HEAD_INIT(parse_state.list),
+		.idx    = evlist->nr_entries,
+		.error  = err,
+		.evlist = evlist,
+	};
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = parse_events__scanner(str, &parse_state, PE_START_EVENTS);
+	perf_pmu__parse_cleanup();
+
+	if (!ret && list_empty(&parse_state.list)) {
+		WARN_ONCE(true, "WARNING: event parser found nothing\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Add list to the evlist even with errors to allow callers to clean up.
+	 */
+	perf_evlist__splice_list_tail(evlist, &parse_state.list);
+
+	if (!ret) {
+		struct perf_evsel *last;
+
+		evlist->nr_groups += parse_state.nr_groups;
+		last = perf_evlist__last(evlist);
+		last->cmdline_group_boundary = true;
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * There are 2 users - builtin-record and builtin-test objects.
+	 * Both call perf_evlist__delete in case of error, so we dont
+	 * need to bother.
+	 */
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#define MAX_WIDTH 1000
+static int get_term_width(void)
+{
+	struct winsize ws;
+
+	get_term_dimensions(&ws);
+	return ws.ws_col > MAX_WIDTH ? MAX_WIDTH : ws.ws_col;
+}
+
+void parse_events_print_error(struct parse_events_error *err,
+			      const char *event)
+{
+	const char *str = "invalid or unsupported event: ";
+	char _buf[MAX_WIDTH];
+	char *buf = (char *) event;
+	int idx = 0;
+
+	if (err->str) {
+		/* -2 for extra '' in the final fprintf */
+		int width       = get_term_width() - 2;
+		int len_event   = strlen(event);
+		int len_str, max_len, cut = 0;
+
+		/*
+		 * Maximum error index indent, we will cut
+		 * the event string if it's bigger.
+		 */
+		int max_err_idx = 13;
+
+		/*
+		 * Let's be specific with the message when
+		 * we have the precise error.
+		 */
+		str     = "event syntax error: ";
+		len_str = strlen(str);
+		max_len = width - len_str;
+
+		buf = _buf;
+
+		/* We're cutting from the beginning. */
+		if (err->idx > max_err_idx)
+			cut = err->idx - max_err_idx;
+
+		strncpy(buf, event + cut, max_len);
+
+		/* Mark cut parts with '..' on both sides. */
+		if (cut)
+			buf[0] = buf[1] = '.';
+
+		if ((len_event - cut) > max_len) {
+			buf[max_len - 1] = buf[max_len - 2] = '.';
+			buf[max_len] = 0;
+		}
+
+		idx = len_str + err->idx - cut;
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s'%s'\n", str, buf);
+	if (idx) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%*s\\___ %s\n", idx + 1, "", err->str);
+		if (err->help)
+			fprintf(stderr, "\n%s\n", err->help);
+		zfree(&err->str);
+		zfree(&err->help);
+	}
+}
+
+#undef MAX_WIDTH
+
+int parse_events_option(const struct option *opt, const char *str,
+			int unset __maybe_unused)
+{
+	struct perf_evlist *evlist = *(struct perf_evlist **)opt->value;
+	struct parse_events_error err = { .idx = 0, };
+	int ret = parse_events(evlist, str, &err);
+
+	if (ret) {
+		parse_events_print_error(&err, str);
+		fprintf(stderr, "Run 'perf list' for a list of valid events\n");
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+foreach_evsel_in_last_glob(struct perf_evlist *evlist,
+			   int (*func)(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
+				       const void *arg),
+			   const void *arg)
+{
+	struct perf_evsel *last = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	/*
+	 * Don't return when list_empty, give func a chance to report
+	 * error when it found last == NULL.
+	 *
+	 * So no need to WARN here, let *func do this.
+	 */
+	if (evlist->nr_entries > 0)
+		last = perf_evlist__last(evlist);
+
+	do {
+		err = (*func)(last, arg);
+		if (err)
+			return -1;
+		if (!last)
+			return 0;
+
+		if (last->node.prev == &evlist->entries)
+			return 0;
+		last = list_entry(last->node.prev, struct perf_evsel, node);
+	} while (!last->cmdline_group_boundary);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int set_filter(struct perf_evsel *evsel, const void *arg)
+{
+	const char *str = arg;
+	bool found = false;
+	int nr_addr_filters = 0;
+	struct perf_pmu *pmu = NULL;
+
+	if (evsel == NULL) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			"--filter option should follow a -e tracepoint or HW tracer option\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT) {
+		if (perf_evsel__append_tp_filter(evsel, str) < 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"not enough memory to hold filter string\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	while ((pmu = perf_pmu__scan(pmu)) != NULL)
+		if (pmu->type == evsel->attr.type) {
+			found = true;
+			break;
+		}
+
+	if (found)
+		perf_pmu__scan_file(pmu, "nr_addr_filters",
+				    "%d", &nr_addr_filters);
+
+	if (!nr_addr_filters) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			"This CPU does not support address filtering\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (perf_evsel__append_addr_filter(evsel, str) < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			"not enough memory to hold filter string\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_filter(const struct option *opt, const char *str,
+		 int unset __maybe_unused)
+{
+	struct perf_evlist *evlist = *(struct perf_evlist **)opt->value;
+
+	return foreach_evsel_in_last_glob(evlist, set_filter,
+					  (const void *)str);
+}
+
+static int add_exclude_perf_filter(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
+				   const void *arg __maybe_unused)
+{
+	char new_filter[64];
+
+	if (evsel == NULL || evsel->attr.type != PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			"--exclude-perf option should follow a -e tracepoint option\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	snprintf(new_filter, sizeof(new_filter), "common_pid != %d", getpid());
+
+	if (perf_evsel__append_tp_filter(evsel, new_filter) < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			"not enough memory to hold filter string\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int exclude_perf(const struct option *opt,
+		 const char *arg __maybe_unused,
+		 int unset __maybe_unused)
+{
+	struct perf_evlist *evlist = *(struct perf_evlist **)opt->value;
+
+	return foreach_evsel_in_last_glob(evlist, add_exclude_perf_filter,
+					  NULL);
+}
+
+static const char * const event_type_descriptors[] = {
+	"Hardware event",
+	"Software event",
+	"Tracepoint event",
+	"Hardware cache event",
+	"Raw hardware event descriptor",
+	"Hardware breakpoint",
+};
+
+static int cmp_string(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	const char * const *as = a;
+	const char * const *bs = b;
+
+	return strcmp(*as, *bs);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Print the events from <debugfs_mount_point>/tracing/events
+ */
+
+void print_tracepoint_events(const char *subsys_glob, const char *event_glob,
+			     bool name_only)
+{
+	DIR *sys_dir, *evt_dir;
+	struct dirent *sys_dirent, *evt_dirent;
+	char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN];
+	char *dir_path;
+	char **evt_list = NULL;
+	unsigned int evt_i = 0, evt_num = 0;
+	bool evt_num_known = false;
+
+restart:
+	sys_dir = tracing_events__opendir();
+	if (!sys_dir)
+		return;
+
+	if (evt_num_known) {
+		evt_list = zalloc(sizeof(char *) * evt_num);
+		if (!evt_list)
+			goto out_close_sys_dir;
+	}
+
+	for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent) {
+		if (subsys_glob != NULL &&
+		    !strglobmatch(sys_dirent->d_name, subsys_glob))
+			continue;
+
+		dir_path = get_events_file(sys_dirent->d_name);
+		if (!dir_path)
+			continue;
+		evt_dir = opendir(dir_path);
+		if (!evt_dir)
+			goto next;
+
+		for_each_event(dir_path, evt_dir, evt_dirent) {
+			if (event_glob != NULL &&
+			    !strglobmatch(evt_dirent->d_name, event_glob))
+				continue;
+
+			if (!evt_num_known) {
+				evt_num++;
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s:%s",
+				 sys_dirent->d_name, evt_dirent->d_name);
+
+			evt_list[evt_i] = strdup(evt_path);
+			if (evt_list[evt_i] == NULL) {
+				put_events_file(dir_path);
+				goto out_close_evt_dir;
+			}
+			evt_i++;
+		}
+		closedir(evt_dir);
+next:
+		put_events_file(dir_path);
+	}
+	closedir(sys_dir);
+
+	if (!evt_num_known) {
+		evt_num_known = true;
+		goto restart;
+	}
+	qsort(evt_list, evt_num, sizeof(char *), cmp_string);
+	evt_i = 0;
+	while (evt_i < evt_num) {
+		if (name_only) {
+			printf("%s ", evt_list[evt_i++]);
+			continue;
+		}
+		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n", evt_list[evt_i++],
+				event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT]);
+	}
+	if (evt_num && pager_in_use())
+		printf("\n");
+
+out_free:
+	evt_num = evt_i;
+	for (evt_i = 0; evt_i < evt_num; evt_i++)
+		zfree(&evt_list[evt_i]);
+	zfree(&evt_list);
+	return;
+
+out_close_evt_dir:
+	closedir(evt_dir);
+out_close_sys_dir:
+	closedir(sys_dir);
+
+	printf("FATAL: not enough memory to print %s\n",
+			event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT]);
+	if (evt_list)
+		goto out_free;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether event is in <debugfs_mount_point>/tracing/events
+ */
+
+int is_valid_tracepoint(const char *event_string)
+{
+	DIR *sys_dir, *evt_dir;
+	struct dirent *sys_dirent, *evt_dirent;
+	char evt_path[MAXPATHLEN];
+	char *dir_path;
+
+	sys_dir = tracing_events__opendir();
+	if (!sys_dir)
+		return 0;
+
+	for_each_subsystem(sys_dir, sys_dirent) {
+		dir_path = get_events_file(sys_dirent->d_name);
+		if (!dir_path)
+			continue;
+		evt_dir = opendir(dir_path);
+		if (!evt_dir)
+			goto next;
+
+		for_each_event(dir_path, evt_dir, evt_dirent) {
+			snprintf(evt_path, MAXPATHLEN, "%s:%s",
+				 sys_dirent->d_name, evt_dirent->d_name);
+			if (!strcmp(evt_path, event_string)) {
+				closedir(evt_dir);
+				closedir(sys_dir);
+				return 1;
+			}
+		}
+		closedir(evt_dir);
+next:
+		put_events_file(dir_path);
+	}
+	closedir(sys_dir);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static bool is_event_supported(u8 type, unsigned config)
+{
+	bool ret = true;
+	int open_return;
+	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
+	struct perf_event_attr attr = {
+		.type = type,
+		.config = config,
+		.disabled = 1,
+	};
+	struct thread_map *tmap = thread_map__new_by_tid(0);
+
+	if (tmap == NULL)
+		return false;
+
+	evsel = perf_evsel__new(&attr);
+	if (evsel) {
+		open_return = perf_evsel__open(evsel, NULL, tmap);
+		ret = open_return >= 0;
+
+		if (open_return == -EACCES) {
+			/*
+			 * This happens if the paranoid value
+			 * /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid is set to 2
+			 * Re-run with exclude_kernel set; we don't do that
+			 * by default as some ARM machines do not support it.
+			 *
+			 */
+			evsel->attr.exclude_kernel = 1;
+			ret = perf_evsel__open(evsel, NULL, tmap) >= 0;
+		}
+		perf_evsel__delete(evsel);
+	}
+
+	thread_map__put(tmap);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void print_sdt_events(const char *subsys_glob, const char *event_glob,
+		      bool name_only)
+{
+	struct probe_cache *pcache;
+	struct probe_cache_entry *ent;
+	struct strlist *bidlist, *sdtlist;
+	struct strlist_config cfg = {.dont_dupstr = true};
+	struct str_node *nd, *nd2;
+	char *buf, *path, *ptr = NULL;
+	bool show_detail = false;
+	int ret;
+
+	sdtlist = strlist__new(NULL, &cfg);
+	if (!sdtlist) {
+		pr_debug("Failed to allocate new strlist for SDT\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	bidlist = build_id_cache__list_all(true);
+	if (!bidlist) {
+		pr_debug("Failed to get buildids: %d\n", errno);
+		return;
+	}
+	strlist__for_each_entry(nd, bidlist) {
+		pcache = probe_cache__new(nd->s, NULL);
+		if (!pcache)
+			continue;
+		list_for_each_entry(ent, &pcache->entries, node) {
+			if (!ent->sdt)
+				continue;
+			if (subsys_glob &&
+			    !strglobmatch(ent->pev.group, subsys_glob))
+				continue;
+			if (event_glob &&
+			    !strglobmatch(ent->pev.event, event_glob))
+				continue;
+			ret = asprintf(&buf, "%s:%s@%s", ent->pev.group,
+					ent->pev.event, nd->s);
+			if (ret > 0)
+				strlist__add(sdtlist, buf);
+		}
+		probe_cache__delete(pcache);
+	}
+	strlist__delete(bidlist);
+
+	strlist__for_each_entry(nd, sdtlist) {
+		buf = strchr(nd->s, '@');
+		if (buf)
+			*(buf++) = '\0';
+		if (name_only) {
+			printf("%s ", nd->s);
+			continue;
+		}
+		nd2 = strlist__next(nd);
+		if (nd2) {
+			ptr = strchr(nd2->s, '@');
+			if (ptr)
+				*ptr = '\0';
+			if (strcmp(nd->s, nd2->s) == 0)
+				show_detail = true;
+		}
+		if (show_detail) {
+			path = build_id_cache__origname(buf);
+			ret = asprintf(&buf, "%s@%s(%.12s)", nd->s, path, buf);
+			if (ret > 0) {
+				printf("  %-50s [%s]\n", buf, "SDT event");
+				free(buf);
+			}
+			free(path);
+		} else
+			printf("  %-50s [%s]\n", nd->s, "SDT event");
+		if (nd2) {
+			if (strcmp(nd->s, nd2->s) != 0)
+				show_detail = false;
+			if (ptr)
+				*ptr = '@';
+		}
+	}
+	strlist__delete(sdtlist);
+}
+
+int print_hwcache_events(const char *event_glob, bool name_only)
+{
+	unsigned int type, op, i, evt_i = 0, evt_num = 0;
+	char name[64];
+	char **evt_list = NULL;
+	bool evt_num_known = false;
+
+restart:
+	if (evt_num_known) {
+		evt_list = zalloc(sizeof(char *) * evt_num);
+		if (!evt_list)
+			goto out_enomem;
+	}
+
+	for (type = 0; type < PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_MAX; type++) {
+		for (op = 0; op < PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_MAX; op++) {
+			/* skip invalid cache type */
+			if (!perf_evsel__is_cache_op_valid(type, op))
+				continue;
+
+			for (i = 0; i < PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MAX; i++) {
+				__perf_evsel__hw_cache_type_op_res_name(type, op, i,
+									name, sizeof(name));
+				if (event_glob != NULL && !strglobmatch(name, event_glob))
+					continue;
+
+				if (!is_event_supported(PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
+							type | (op << 8) | (i << 16)))
+					continue;
+
+				if (!evt_num_known) {
+					evt_num++;
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				evt_list[evt_i] = strdup(name);
+				if (evt_list[evt_i] == NULL)
+					goto out_enomem;
+				evt_i++;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!evt_num_known) {
+		evt_num_known = true;
+		goto restart;
+	}
+	qsort(evt_list, evt_num, sizeof(char *), cmp_string);
+	evt_i = 0;
+	while (evt_i < evt_num) {
+		if (name_only) {
+			printf("%s ", evt_list[evt_i++]);
+			continue;
+		}
+		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n", evt_list[evt_i++],
+				event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE]);
+	}
+	if (evt_num && pager_in_use())
+		printf("\n");
+
+out_free:
+	evt_num = evt_i;
+	for (evt_i = 0; evt_i < evt_num; evt_i++)
+		zfree(&evt_list[evt_i]);
+	zfree(&evt_list);
+	return evt_num;
+
+out_enomem:
+	printf("FATAL: not enough memory to print %s\n", event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE]);
+	if (evt_list)
+		goto out_free;
+	return evt_num;
+}
+
+void print_symbol_events(const char *event_glob, unsigned type,
+				struct event_symbol *syms, unsigned max,
+				bool name_only)
+{
+	unsigned int i, evt_i = 0, evt_num = 0;
+	char name[MAX_NAME_LEN];
+	char **evt_list = NULL;
+	bool evt_num_known = false;
+
+restart:
+	if (evt_num_known) {
+		evt_list = zalloc(sizeof(char *) * evt_num);
+		if (!evt_list)
+			goto out_enomem;
+		syms -= max;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < max; i++, syms++) {
+
+		if (event_glob != NULL && syms->symbol != NULL &&
+		    !(strglobmatch(syms->symbol, event_glob) ||
+		      (syms->alias && strglobmatch(syms->alias, event_glob))))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!is_event_supported(type, i))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!evt_num_known) {
+			evt_num++;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!name_only && strlen(syms->alias))
+			snprintf(name, MAX_NAME_LEN, "%s OR %s", syms->symbol, syms->alias);
+		else
+			strlcpy(name, syms->symbol, MAX_NAME_LEN);
+
+		evt_list[evt_i] = strdup(name);
+		if (evt_list[evt_i] == NULL)
+			goto out_enomem;
+		evt_i++;
+	}
+
+	if (!evt_num_known) {
+		evt_num_known = true;
+		goto restart;
+	}
+	qsort(evt_list, evt_num, sizeof(char *), cmp_string);
+	evt_i = 0;
+	while (evt_i < evt_num) {
+		if (name_only) {
+			printf("%s ", evt_list[evt_i++]);
+			continue;
+		}
+		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n", evt_list[evt_i++], event_type_descriptors[type]);
+	}
+	if (evt_num && pager_in_use())
+		printf("\n");
+
+out_free:
+	evt_num = evt_i;
+	for (evt_i = 0; evt_i < evt_num; evt_i++)
+		zfree(&evt_list[evt_i]);
+	zfree(&evt_list);
+	return;
+
+out_enomem:
+	printf("FATAL: not enough memory to print %s\n", event_type_descriptors[type]);
+	if (evt_list)
+		goto out_free;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Print the help text for the event symbols:
+ */
+void print_events(const char *event_glob, bool name_only, bool quiet_flag,
+			bool long_desc, bool details_flag)
+{
+	print_symbol_events(event_glob, PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE,
+			    event_symbols_hw, PERF_COUNT_HW_MAX, name_only);
+
+	print_symbol_events(event_glob, PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE,
+			    event_symbols_sw, PERF_COUNT_SW_MAX, name_only);
+
+	print_hwcache_events(event_glob, name_only);
+
+	print_pmu_events(event_glob, name_only, quiet_flag, long_desc,
+			details_flag);
+
+	if (event_glob != NULL)
+		return;
+
+	if (!name_only) {
+		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n",
+		       "rNNN",
+		       event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_RAW]);
+		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n",
+		       "cpu/t1=v1[,t2=v2,t3 ...]/modifier",
+		       event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_RAW]);
+		if (pager_in_use())
+			printf("   (see 'man perf-list' on how to encode it)\n\n");
+
+		printf("  %-50s [%s]\n",
+		       "mem:<addr>[/len][:access]",
+			event_type_descriptors[PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT]);
+		if (pager_in_use())
+			printf("\n");
+	}
+
+	print_tracepoint_events(NULL, NULL, name_only);
+
+	print_sdt_events(NULL, NULL, name_only);
+
+	metricgroup__print(true, true, NULL, name_only);
+}
+
+int parse_events__is_hardcoded_term(struct parse_events_term *term)
+{
+	return term->type_term != PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER;
+}
+
+static int new_term(struct parse_events_term **_term,
+		    struct parse_events_term *temp,
+		    char *str, u64 num)
+{
+	struct parse_events_term *term;
+
+	term = malloc(sizeof(*term));
+	if (!term)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	*term = *temp;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&term->list);
+	term->weak = false;
+
+	switch (term->type_val) {
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NUM:
+		term->val.num = num;
+		break;
+	case PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STR:
+		term->val.str = str;
+		break;
+	default:
+		free(term);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	*_term = term;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_events_term__num(struct parse_events_term **term,
+			   int type_term, char *config, u64 num,
+			   bool no_value,
+			   void *loc_term_, void *loc_val_)
+{
+	YYLTYPE *loc_term = loc_term_;
+	YYLTYPE *loc_val = loc_val_;
+
+	struct parse_events_term temp = {
+		.type_val  = PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NUM,
+		.type_term = type_term,
+		.config    = config,
+		.no_value  = no_value,
+		.err_term  = loc_term ? loc_term->first_column : 0,
+		.err_val   = loc_val  ? loc_val->first_column  : 0,
+	};
+
+	return new_term(term, &temp, NULL, num);
+}
+
+int parse_events_term__str(struct parse_events_term **term,
+			   int type_term, char *config, char *str,
+			   void *loc_term_, void *loc_val_)
+{
+	YYLTYPE *loc_term = loc_term_;
+	YYLTYPE *loc_val = loc_val_;
+
+	struct parse_events_term temp = {
+		.type_val  = PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STR,
+		.type_term = type_term,
+		.config    = config,
+		.err_term  = loc_term ? loc_term->first_column : 0,
+		.err_val   = loc_val  ? loc_val->first_column  : 0,
+	};
+
+	return new_term(term, &temp, str, 0);
+}
+
+int parse_events_term__sym_hw(struct parse_events_term **term,
+			      char *config, unsigned idx)
+{
+	struct event_symbol *sym;
+	struct parse_events_term temp = {
+		.type_val  = PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_STR,
+		.type_term = PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_USER,
+		.config    = config ?: (char *) "event",
+	};
+
+	BUG_ON(idx >= PERF_COUNT_HW_MAX);
+	sym = &event_symbols_hw[idx];
+
+	return new_term(term, &temp, (char *) sym->symbol, 0);
+}
+
+int parse_events_term__clone(struct parse_events_term **new,
+			     struct parse_events_term *term)
+{
+	struct parse_events_term temp = {
+		.type_val  = term->type_val,
+		.type_term = term->type_term,
+		.config    = term->config,
+		.err_term  = term->err_term,
+		.err_val   = term->err_val,
+	};
+
+	return new_term(new, &temp, term->val.str, term->val.num);
+}
+
+int parse_events_copy_term_list(struct list_head *old,
+				 struct list_head **new)
+{
+	struct parse_events_term *term, *n;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!old) {
+		*new = NULL;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	*new = malloc(sizeof(struct list_head));
+	if (!*new)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(*new);
+
+	list_for_each_entry (term, old, list) {
+		ret = parse_events_term__clone(&n, term);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+		list_add_tail(&n->list, *new);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void parse_events_terms__purge(struct list_head *terms)
+{
+	struct parse_events_term *term, *h;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(term, h, terms, list) {
+		if (term->array.nr_ranges)
+			zfree(&term->array.ranges);
+		list_del_init(&term->list);
+		free(term);
+	}
+}
+
+void parse_events_terms__delete(struct list_head *terms)
+{
+	if (!terms)
+		return;
+	parse_events_terms__purge(terms);
+	free(terms);
+}
+
+void parse_events__clear_array(struct parse_events_array *a)
+{
+	zfree(&a->ranges);
+}
+
+void parse_events_evlist_error(struct parse_events_state *parse_state,
+			       int idx, const char *str)
+{
+	struct parse_events_error *err = parse_state->error;
+
+	if (!err)
+		return;
+	err->idx = idx;
+	err->str = strdup(str);
+	WARN_ONCE(!err->str, "WARNING: failed to allocate error string");
+}
+
+static void config_terms_list(char *buf, size_t buf_sz)
+{
+	int i;
+	bool first = true;
+
+	buf[0] = '\0';
+	for (i = 0; i < __PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NR; i++) {
+		const char *name = config_term_names[i];
+
+		if (!config_term_avail(i, NULL))
+			continue;
+		if (!name)
+			continue;
+		if (name[0] == '<')
+			continue;
+
+		if (strlen(buf) + strlen(name) + 2 >= buf_sz)
+			return;
+
+		if (!first)
+			strcat(buf, ",");
+		else
+			first = false;
+		strcat(buf, name);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return string contains valid config terms of an event.
+ * @additional_terms: For terms such as PMU sysfs terms.
+ */
+char *parse_events_formats_error_string(char *additional_terms)
+{
+	char *str;
+	/* "no-overwrite" is the longest name */
+	char static_terms[__PARSE_EVENTS__TERM_TYPE_NR *
+			  (sizeof("no-overwrite") - 1)];
+
+	config_terms_list(static_terms, sizeof(static_terms));
+	/* valid terms */
+	if (additional_terms) {
+		if (asprintf(&str, "valid terms: %s,%s",
+			     additional_terms, static_terms) < 0)
+			goto fail;
+	} else {
+		if (asprintf(&str, "valid terms: %s", static_terms) < 0)
+			goto fail;
+	}
+	return str;
+
+fail:
+	return NULL;
+}