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authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-06 01:46:30 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-06 01:46:30 +0000
commitb5896ba9f6047e7031e2bdee0622d543e11a6734 (patch)
treefd7b460593a2fee1be579bec5697e6d887ea3421 /html/canonical.5.html
parentInitial commit. (diff)
downloadpostfix-b5896ba9f6047e7031e2bdee0622d543e11a6734.tar.xz
postfix-b5896ba9f6047e7031e2bdee0622d543e11a6734.zip
Adding upstream version 3.4.23.upstream/3.4.23upstream
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
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+<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<html> <head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
+<title> Postfix manual - canonical(5) </title>
+</head> <body> <pre>
+CANONICAL(5) CANONICAL(5)
+
+<b>NAME</b>
+ canonical - Postfix canonical table format
+
+<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
+ <b>postmap /etc/postfix/canonical</b>
+
+ <b>postmap -q "</b><i>string</i><b>" /etc/postfix/canonical</b>
+
+ <b>postmap -q - /etc/postfix/canonical</b> &lt;<i>inputfile</i>
+
+<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
+ The optional <a href="canonical.5.html"><b>canonical</b>(5)</a> table specifies an address mapping for local
+ and non-local addresses. The mapping is used by the <a href="cleanup.8.html"><b>cleanup</b>(8)</a> daemon,
+ before mail is stored into the queue. The address mapping is recur-
+ sive.
+
+ Normally, the <a href="canonical.5.html"><b>canonical</b>(5)</a> table is specified as a text file that
+ serves as input to the <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command. The result, an indexed file
+ in <b>dbm</b> or <b>db</b> format, is used for fast searching by the mail system.
+ Execute the command "<b>postmap /etc/postfix/canonical</b>" to rebuild an
+ indexed file after changing the corresponding text file.
+
+ When the table is provided via other means such as NIS, LDAP or SQL,
+ the same lookups are done as for ordinary indexed files.
+
+ Alternatively, the table can be provided as a regular-expression map
+ where patterns are given as regular expressions, or lookups can be
+ directed to TCP-based server. In those cases, the lookups are done in a
+ slightly different way as described below under "REGULAR EXPRESSION
+ TABLES" or "TCP-BASED TABLES".
+
+ By default the <a href="canonical.5.html"><b>canonical</b>(5)</a> mapping affects both message header
+ addresses (i.e. addresses that appear inside messages) and message
+ envelope addresses (for example, the addresses that are used in SMTP
+ protocol commands). This is controlled with the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#canonical_classes">canonical_classes</a></b>
+ parameter.
+
+ NOTE: Postfix versions 2.2 and later rewrite message headers from
+ remote SMTP clients only if the client matches the <a href="postconf.5.html#local_header_rewrite_clients">local_header_re</a>-
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#local_header_rewrite_clients">write_clients</a> parameter, or if the <a href="postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">remote_header_rewrite_domain</a> config-
+ uration parameter specifies a non-empty value. To get the behavior
+ before Postfix 2.2, specify "<a href="postconf.5.html#local_header_rewrite_clients">local_header_rewrite_clients</a> =
+ <a href="DATABASE_README.html#types">static</a>:all".
+
+ Typically, one would use the <a href="canonical.5.html"><b>canonical</b>(5)</a> table to replace login names
+ by <i>Firstname.Lastname</i>, or to clean up addresses produced by legacy mail
+ systems.
+
+ The <a href="canonical.5.html"><b>canonical</b>(5)</a> mapping is not to be confused with <i>virtual alias</i> sup-
+ port or with local aliasing. To change the destination but not the
+ headers, use the <a href="virtual.5.html"><b>virtual</b>(5)</a> or <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> map instead.
+
+<b>CASE FOLDING</b>
+ The search string is folded to lowercase before database lookup. As of
+ Postfix 2.3, the search string is not case folded with database types
+ such as <a href="regexp_table.5.html">regexp</a>: or <a href="pcre_table.5.html">pcre</a>: whose lookup fields can match both upper and
+ lower case.
+
+<b>TABLE FORMAT</b>
+ The input format for the <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command is as follows:
+
+ <i>pattern address</i>
+ When <i>pattern</i> matches a mail address, replace it by the corre-
+ sponding <i>address</i>.
+
+ blank lines and comments
+ Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored, as are lines
+ whose first non-whitespace character is a `#'.
+
+ multi-line text
+ A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A line that
+ starts with whitespace continues a logical line.
+
+<b>TABLE SEARCH ORDER</b>
+ With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from networked
+ tables such as NIS, LDAP or SQL, each <i>user</i>@<i>domain</i> query produces a
+ sequence of query patterns as described below.
+
+ Each query pattern is sent to each specified lookup table before trying
+ the next query pattern, until a match is found.
+
+ <i>user</i>@<i>domain address</i>
+ Replace <i>user</i>@<i>domain</i> by <i>address</i>. This form has the highest prece-
+ dence.
+
+ This is useful to clean up addresses produced by legacy mail
+ systems. It can also be used to produce <i>Firstname.Lastname</i>
+ style addresses, but see below for a simpler solution.
+
+ <i>user address</i>
+ Replace <i>user</i>@<i>site</i> by <i>address</i> when <i>site</i> is equal to $<b><a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a></b>,
+ when <i>site</i> is listed in $<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a></b>, or when it is listed in
+ $<b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a></b> or $<b><a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a></b>.
+
+ This form is useful for replacing login names by <i>Firstname.Last-</i>
+ <i>name</i>.
+
+ @<i>domain address</i>
+ Replace other addresses in <i>domain</i> by <i>address</i>. This form has the
+ lowest precedence.
+
+ Note: @<i>domain</i> is a wild-card. When this form is applied to
+ recipient addresses, the Postfix SMTP server accepts mail for
+ any recipient in <i>domain</i>, regardless of whether that recipient
+ exists. This may turn your mail system into a backscatter
+ source: Postfix first accepts mail for non-existent recipients
+ and then tries to return that mail as "undeliverable" to the
+ often forged sender address.
+
+ To avoid backscatter with mail for a wild-card domain, replace
+ the wild-card mapping with explicit 1:1 mappings, or add a
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#reject_unverified_recipient">reject_unverified_recipient</a> restriction for that domain:
+
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#smtpd_recipient_restrictions">smtpd_recipient_restrictions</a> =
+ ...
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#reject_unauth_destination">reject_unauth_destination</a>
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#check_recipient_access">check_recipient_access</a>
+ <a href="DATABASE_README.html#types">inline</a>:{example.com=<a href="postconf.5.html#reject_unverified_recipient">reject_unverified_recipient</a>}
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#unverified_recipient_reject_code">unverified_recipient_reject_code</a> = 550
+
+ In the above example, Postfix may contact a remote server if the
+ recipient is rewritten to a remote address.
+
+<b>RESULT ADDRESS REWRITING</b>
+ The lookup result is subject to address rewriting:
+
+ <b>o</b> When the result has the form @<i>otherdomain</i>, the result becomes
+ the same <i>user</i> in <i>otherdomain</i>.
+
+ <b>o</b> When "<b><a href="postconf.5.html#append_at_myorigin">append_at_myorigin</a>=yes</b>", append "<b>@$<a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a></b>" to addresses
+ without "@domain".
+
+ <b>o</b> When "<b><a href="postconf.5.html#append_dot_mydomain">append_dot_mydomain</a>=yes</b>", append "<b>.$<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a></b>" to addresses
+ without ".domain".
+
+<b>ADDRESS EXTENSION</b>
+ When a mail address localpart contains the optional recipient delimiter
+ (e.g., <i>user+foo</i>@<i>domain</i>), the lookup order becomes: <i>user+foo</i>@<i>domain</i>,
+ <i>user</i>@<i>domain</i>, <i>user+foo</i>, <i>user</i>, and @<i>domain</i>.
+
+ The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#propagate_unmatched_extensions">propagate_unmatched_extensions</a></b> parameter controls whether an
+ unmatched address extension (<i>+foo</i>) is propagated to the result of table
+ lookup.
+
+<b>REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES</b>
+ This section describes how the table lookups change when the table is
+ given in the form of regular expressions. For a description of regular
+ expression lookup table syntax, see <a href="regexp_table.5.html"><b>regexp_table</b>(5)</a> or <a href="pcre_table.5.html"><b>pcre_table</b>(5)</a>.
+
+ Each pattern is a regular expression that is applied to the entire
+ address being looked up. Thus, <i>user@domain</i> mail addresses are not bro-
+ ken up into their <i>user</i> and <i>@domain</i> constituent parts, nor is <i>user+foo</i>
+ broken up into <i>user</i> and <i>foo</i>.
+
+ Patterns are applied in the order as specified in the table, until a
+ pattern is found that matches the search string.
+
+ Results are the same as with indexed file lookups, with the additional
+ feature that parenthesized substrings from the pattern can be interpo-
+ lated as <b>$1</b>, <b>$2</b> and so on.
+
+<b>TCP-BASED TABLES</b>
+ This section describes how the table lookups change when lookups are
+ directed to a TCP-based server. For a description of the TCP
+ client/server lookup protocol, see <a href="tcp_table.5.html"><b>tcp_table</b>(5)</a>. This feature is not
+ available up to and including Postfix version 2.4.
+
+ Each lookup operation uses the entire address once. Thus, <i>user@domain</i>
+ mail addresses are not broken up into their <i>user</i> and <i>@domain</i> con-
+ stituent parts, nor is <i>user+foo</i> broken up into <i>user</i> and <i>foo</i>.
+
+ Results are the same as with indexed file lookups.
+
+<b>BUGS</b>
+ The table format does not understand quoting conventions.
+
+<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
+ The following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant. The text
+ below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for more
+ details including examples.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#canonical_classes">canonical_classes</a> (envelope_sender, envelope_recipient, header_sender,</b>
+ <b>header_recipient)</b>
+ What addresses are subject to <a href="postconf.5.html#canonical_maps">canonical_maps</a> address mapping.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#canonical_maps">canonical_maps</a> (empty)</b>
+ Optional address mapping lookup tables for message headers and
+ envelopes.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_canonical_maps">recipient_canonical_maps</a> (empty)</b>
+ Optional address mapping lookup tables for envelope and header
+ recipient addresses.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_canonical_maps">sender_canonical_maps</a> (empty)</b>
+ Optional address mapping lookup tables for envelope and header
+ sender addresses.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#propagate_unmatched_extensions">propagate_unmatched_extensions</a> (canonical, virtual)</b>
+ What address lookup tables copy an address extension from the
+ lookup key to the lookup result.
+
+ Other parameters of interest:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a> (all)</b>
+ The network interface addresses that this mail system receives
+ mail on.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_header_rewrite_clients">local_header_rewrite_clients</a> (<a href="postconf.5.html#permit_inet_interfaces">permit_inet_interfaces</a>)</b>
+ Rewrite message header addresses in mail from these clients and
+ update incomplete addresses with the domain name in $<a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a> or
+ $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a>; either don't rewrite message headers from other
+ clients at all, or rewrite message headers and update incomplete
+ addresses with the domain specified in the <a href="postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">remote_header_re</a>-
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">write_domain</a> parameter.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a> (empty)</b>
+ The network interface addresses that this mail system receives
+ mail on by way of a proxy or network address translation unit.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#masquerade_classes">masquerade_classes</a> (envelope_sender, header_sender, header_recipient)</b>
+ What addresses are subject to address masquerading.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#masquerade_domains">masquerade_domains</a> (empty)</b>
+ Optional list of domains whose subdomain structure will be
+ stripped off in email addresses.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#masquerade_exceptions">masquerade_exceptions</a> (empty)</b>
+ Optional list of user names that are not subjected to address
+ masquerading, even when their address matches $<a href="postconf.5.html#masquerade_domains">masquer</a>-
+ <a href="postconf.5.html#masquerade_domains">ade_domains</a>.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>, localhost.$<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a>, localhost)</b>
+ The list of domains that are delivered via the $<a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a>
+ mail delivery transport.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>)</b>
+ The domain name that locally-posted mail appears to come from,
+ and that locally posted mail is delivered to.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#owner_request_special">owner_request_special</a> (yes)</b>
+ Enable special treatment for owner-<i>listname</i> entries in the
+ <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> file, and don't split owner-<i>listname</i> and <i>list-</i>
+ <i>name</i>-request address localparts when the <a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a> is
+ set to "-".
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">remote_header_rewrite_domain</a> (empty)</b>
+ Don't rewrite message headers from remote clients at all when
+ this parameter is empty; otherwise, rewrite message headers and
+ append the specified domain name to incomplete addresses.
+
+<b>SEE ALSO</b>
+ <a href="cleanup.8.html">cleanup(8)</a>, canonicalize and enqueue mail
+ <a href="postmap.1.html">postmap(1)</a>, Postfix lookup table manager
+ <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
+ <a href="virtual.5.html">virtual(5)</a>, virtual aliasing
+
+<b>README FILES</b>
+ <a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a>, Postfix lookup table overview
+ <a href="ADDRESS_REWRITING_README.html">ADDRESS_REWRITING_README</a>, address rewriting guide
+
+<b>LICENSE</b>
+ The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
+
+<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
+ Wietse Venema
+ IBM T.J. Watson Research
+ P.O. Box 704
+ Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
+
+ Wietse Venema
+ Google, Inc.
+ 111 8th Avenue
+ New York, NY 10011, USA
+
+ CANONICAL(5)
+</pre> </body> </html>