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+<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<html> <head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
+<title> Postfix manual - master(8) </title>
+</head> <body> <pre>
+MASTER(8) MASTER(8)
+
+<b>NAME</b>
+ master - Postfix master process
+
+<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
+ <b>master</b> [<b>-Dditvw</b>] [<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>] [<b>-e</b> <i>exit</i><b>_</b><i>time</i>]
+
+<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
+ The <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> daemon is the resident process that runs Postfix daemons
+ on demand: daemons to send or receive messages via the network, daemons
+ to deliver mail locally, etc. These daemons are created on demand up
+ to a configurable maximum number per service.
+
+ Postfix daemons terminate voluntarily, either after being idle for a
+ configurable amount of time, or after having serviced a configurable
+ number of requests. Exceptions to this rule are the resident queue man-
+ ager, address verification server, and the TLS session cache and
+ pseudo-random number server.
+
+ The behavior of the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> daemon is controlled by the <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a>
+ configuration file, as described in <a href="master.5.html"><b>master</b>(5)</a>.
+
+ Options:
+
+ <b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>
+ Read the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> and <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> configuration files in the named
+ directory instead of the default configuration directory. This
+ also overrides the configuration files for other Postfix daemon
+ processes.
+
+ <b>-D</b> After initialization, run a debugger on the master process. The
+ debugging command is specified with the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#debugger_command">debugger_command</a></b> in the
+ <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> global configuration file.
+
+ <b>-d</b> Do not redirect stdin, stdout or stderr to /dev/null, and do not
+ discard the controlling terminal. This must be used for debug-
+ ging only.
+
+ <b>-e</b> <i>exit</i><b>_</b><i>time</i>
+ Terminate the master process after <i>exit</i><b>_</b><i>time</i> seconds. Child pro-
+ cesses terminate at their convenience.
+
+ <b>-i</b> Enable <b>init</b> mode: do not become a session or process group
+ leader; and similar to <b>-s</b>, do not redirect stdout to /dev/null,
+ so that "<a href="postconf.5.html#maillog_file">maillog_file</a> = /dev/stdout" works. This mode is
+ allowed only if the process ID equals 1.
+
+ This feature is available in Postfix 3.3 and later.
+
+ <b>-s</b> Do not redirect stdout to /dev/null, so that "<a href="postconf.5.html#maillog_file">maillog_file</a> =
+ /dev/stdout" works.
+
+ This feature is available in Postfix 3.4 and later.
+
+ <b>-t</b> Test mode. Return a zero exit status when the <b>master.pid</b> lock
+ file does not exist or when that file is not locked. This is
+ evidence that the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> daemon is not running.
+
+ <b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. This option is
+ passed on to child processes. Multiple <b>-v</b> options make the soft-
+ ware increasingly verbose.
+
+ <b>-w</b> Wait in a dummy foreground process, while the real master daemon
+ initializes in a background process. The dummy foreground
+ process returns a zero exit status only if the master daemon
+ initialization is successful, and if it completes in a reason-
+ able amount of time.
+
+ This feature is available in Postfix 2.10 and later.
+
+ Signals:
+
+ <b>SIGHUP</b> Upon receipt of a <b>HUP</b> signal (e.g., after "<b>postfix reload</b>"), the
+ master process re-reads its configuration files. If a service
+ has been removed from the <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> file, its running processes
+ are terminated immediately. Otherwise, running processes are
+ allowed to terminate as soon as is convenient, so that changes
+ in configuration settings affect only new service requests.
+
+ <b>SIGTERM</b>
+ Upon receipt of a <b>TERM</b> signal (e.g., after "<b>postfix abort</b>"), the
+ master process passes the signal on to its child processes and
+ terminates. This is useful for an emergency shutdown. Normally
+ one would terminate only the master ("<b>postfix stop</b>") and allow
+ running processes to finish what they are doing.
+
+<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
+ Problems are reported to <b>syslogd</b>(8) or <a href="postlogd.8.html"><b>postlogd</b>(8)</a>. The exit status is
+ non-zero in case of problems, including problems while initializing as
+ a master daemon process in the background.
+
+<b>ENVIRONMENT</b>
+ <b>MAIL_DEBUG</b>
+ After initialization, start a debugger as specified with the
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#debugger_command">debugger_command</a></b> configuration parameter in the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> configu-
+ ration file.
+
+ <b>MAIL_CONFIG</b>
+ Directory with Postfix configuration files.
+
+<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
+ Unlike most Postfix daemon processes, the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> server does not
+ automatically pick up changes to <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a>. Changes to <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> are
+ never picked up automatically. Use the "<b>postfix reload</b>" command after
+ a configuration change.
+
+<b>RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_process_limit">default_process_limit</a> (100)</b>
+ The default maximal number of Postfix child processes that pro-
+ vide a given service.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle</a> (100s)</b>
+ The maximum amount of time that an idle Postfix daemon process
+ waits for an incoming connection before terminating voluntarily.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use</a> (100)</b>
+ The maximal number of incoming connections that a Postfix daemon
+ process will service before terminating voluntarily.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#service_throttle_time">service_throttle_time</a> (60s)</b>
+ How long the Postfix <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> waits before forking a server
+ that appears to be malfunctioning.
+
+ Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#master_service_disable">master_service_disable</a> (empty)</b>
+ Selectively disable <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> listener ports by service type or
+ by service name and type.
+
+<b>MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS</b>
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con-
+ figuration files.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#daemon_directory">daemon_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ The directory with Postfix support programs and daemon programs.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#debugger_command">debugger_command</a> (empty)</b>
+ The external command to execute when a Postfix daemon program is
+ invoked with the -D option.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a> (all)</b>
+ The network interface addresses that this mail system receives
+ mail on.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_protocols">inet_protocols</a> (all)</b>
+ The Internet protocols Postfix will attempt to use when making
+ or accepting connections.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#import_environment">import_environment</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ The list of environment parameters that a privileged Postfix
+ process will import from a non-Postfix parent process, or
+ name=value environment overrides.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a> (postfix)</b>
+ The UNIX system account that owns the Postfix queue and most
+ Postfix daemon processes.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_id">process_id</a> (read-only)</b>
+ The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_name">process_name</a> (read-only)</b>
+ The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b>
+ The syslog facility of Postfix logging.
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
+ A prefix that is prepended to the process name in syslog
+ records, so that, for example, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd".
+
+ Available in Postfix 3.3 and later:
+
+ <b><a href="postconf.5.html#service_name">service_name</a> (read-only)</b>
+ The <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> service name of a Postfix daemon process.
+
+<b>FILES</b>
+ To expand the directory names below into their actual values, use the
+ command "<b>postconf <a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a></b>" etc.
+
+ $<a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a>/<a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>, global configuration file.
+ $<a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a>/<a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a>, master server configuration file.
+ $<a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a>/pid/master.pid, master lock file.
+ $<a href="postconf.5.html#data_directory">data_directory</a>/master.lock, master lock file.
+
+<b>SEE ALSO</b>
+ <a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a>, queue manager
+ <a href="verify.8.html">verify(8)</a>, address verification
+ <a href="master.5.html">master(5)</a>, <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> configuration file syntax
+ <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> configuration file syntax
+ <a href="postlogd.8.html">postlogd(8)</a>, Postfix logging
+ syslogd(8), system logging
+
+<b>LICENSE</b>
+ The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.
+
+<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
+ Wietse Venema
+ IBM T.J. Watson Research
+ P.O. Box 704
+ Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
+
+ Wietse Venema
+ Google, Inc.
+ 111 8th Avenue
+ New York, NY 10011, USA
+
+ MASTER(8)
+</pre> </body> </html>