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diff --git a/man/man5/master.5 b/man/man5/master.5 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..008181f --- /dev/null +++ b/man/man5/master.5 @@ -0,0 +1,268 @@ +.TH MASTER 5 +.ad +.fi +.SH NAME +master +\- +Postfix master process configuration file format +.SH DESCRIPTION +.ad +.fi +The Postfix mail system is implemented by small number of +(mostly) client commands that are invoked by users, and by +a larger number of services that run in the background. + +Postfix services are implemented by daemon processes. These +run in the background under control of the \fBmaster\fR(8) +process. The master.cf configuration file defines how a +client program connects to a service, and what daemon +program runs when a service is requested. Most daemon +processes are short\-lived and terminate voluntarily after +serving \fBmax_use\fR clients, or after inactivity for +\fBmax_idle\fR or more units of time. + +All daemons specified here must speak a Postfix\-internal +protocol. In order to execute non\-Postfix software use the +\fBlocal\fR(8), \fBpipe\fR(8) or \fBspawn\fR(8) services, or +run the server under control by \fBinetd\fR(8) or equivalent. +.PP +After changing master.cf you must execute "\fBpostfix reload\fR" +to reload the configuration. +.SH "SYNTAX" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +The general format of the master.cf file is as follows: +.IP \(bu +Empty lines and whitespace\-only lines are ignored, as are +lines whose first non\-whitespace character is a `#'. +.IP \(bu +A logical line starts with non\-whitespace text. A line that +starts with whitespace continues a logical line. +.IP \(bu +Each logical line defines a single Postfix service. +Each service is identified by its name and type as described +below. When multiple lines specify the same service name +and type, only the last one is remembered. Otherwise, the +order of master.cf service definitions does not matter. +.PP +Each logical line consists of eight fields separated by +whitespace. These are described below in the order as they +appear in the master.cf file. + +Where applicable a field of "\-" requests that the built\-in +default value be used. For boolean fields specify "y" or +"n" to override the default value. +.IP "\fBService name\fR" +The service name syntax depends on the service type as +described next. +.IP "\fBService type\fR" +Specify one of the following service types: +.RS +.IP \fBinet\fR +The service listens on a TCP/IP socket and is accessible +via the network. + +The service name is specified as \fIhost:port\fR, denoting +the host and port on which new connections should be +accepted. The host part (and colon) may be omitted. Either +host or port may be given in symbolic form (see \fBhosts\fR(5) or +\fBservices\fR(5)) or in numeric form (IP address or port number). +Host information may be enclosed inside "[]"; this form +is necessary only with IPv6 addresses. +.sp +Examples: a service named \fB127.0.0.1:smtp\fR or \fB::1:smtp\fR +receives +mail via the loopback interface only; and a service named +\fB10025\fR accepts connections on TCP port 10025 via +all interfaces configured with the \fBinet_interfaces\fR +parameter. + +.sp +Note: with Postfix version 2.2 and later specify +"\fBinet_interfaces = loopback\-only\fR" in main.cf, instead +of hard\-coding loopback IP address information in master.cf +or in main.cf. +.IP \fBunix\fR +The service listens on a UNIX\-domain stream socket and is +accessible for local clients only. + +The service name is a pathname relative to the Postfix +queue directory (pathname controlled with the \fBqueue_directory\fR +configuration parameter in main.cf). +.sp +On Solaris 8 and earlier systems the \fBunix\fR type is +implemented with streams sockets. +.IP \fBunix\-dgram\fR +The service listens on a UNIX\-domain datagram socket and is +accessible for local clients only. + +The service name is a pathname relative to the Postfix +queue directory (pathname controlled with the \fBqueue_directory\fR +configuration parameter in main.cf). +.IP "\fBfifo\fR (obsolete)" +The service listens on a FIFO (named pipe) and is accessible +for local clients only. + +The service name is a pathname relative to the Postfix +queue directory (pathname controlled with the \fBqueue_directory\fR +configuration parameter in main.cf). +.IP \fBpass\fR +The service listens on a UNIX\-domain stream socket, and is +accessible to local clients only. It receives one open +connection (file descriptor passing) per connection request. + +The service name is a pathname relative to the Postfix +queue directory (pathname controlled with the \fBqueue_directory\fR +configuration parameter in main.cf). +.sp +On Solaris 8 and earlier systems the \fBpass\fR type is +implemented with streams sockets. + +This feature is available as of Postfix version 2.5. +.RE +.IP "\fBPrivate (default: y)\fR" +Whether or not access is restricted to the mail system. +Internet (type \fBinet\fR) services can't be private. +.IP "\fBUnprivileged (default: y)\fR" +Whether the service runs with root privileges or as the +owner of the Postfix system (the owner name is controlled +by the \fBmail_owner\fR configuration variable in the +main.cf file). +.sp +The \fBlocal\fR(8), \fBpipe\fR(8), \fBspawn\fR(8), and +\fBvirtual\fR(8) daemons require privileges. +.IP "\fBChroot (default: Postfix >= 3.0: n, Postfix <3.0: y)\fR" +Whether or not the service runs chrooted to the mail queue +directory (pathname is controlled by the \fBqueue_directory\fR +configuration variable in the main.cf file). +.sp +Chroot should not be used with the \fBlocal\fR(8), +\fBpipe\fR(8), \fBspawn\fR(8), and \fBvirtual\fR(8) daemons. +Although the +\fBproxymap\fR(8) server can run chrooted, doing so defeats +most of the purpose of having that service in the first +place. +.sp +The files in the examples/chroot\-setup subdirectory of the +Postfix source show how to set up a Postfix chroot environment +on a variety of systems. See also BASIC_CONFIGURATION_README +for issues related to running daemons chrooted. +.IP "\fBWake up time (default: 0)\fR" +Automatically wake up the named service after the specified +number of seconds. The wake up is implemented by connecting +to the service and sending a wake up request. A ? at the +end of the wake\-up time field requests that no wake up +events be sent before the first time a service is used. +Specify 0 for no automatic wake up. +.sp +The \fBpickup\fR(8), \fBqmgr\fR(8) and \fBflush\fR(8) +daemons require a wake up timer. +.IP "\fBProcess limit (default: $default_process_limit)\fR" +The maximum number of processes that may execute this +service simultaneously. Specify 0 for no process count limit. +.sp +NOTE: Some Postfix services must be configured as a +single\-process service (for example, \fBqmgr\fR(8)) and +some services must be configured with no process limit (for +example, \fBcleanup\fR(8)). These limits must not be +changed. +.IP "\fBCommand name + arguments\fR" +The command to be executed. Characters that are special +to the shell such as ">" or "|" have no special meaning +here, and quotes cannot be used to protect arguments +containing whitespace. To protect whitespace, use "{" +and "}" as described below. +.sp +The command name is relative to the Postfix daemon directory +(pathname is controlled by the \fBdaemon_directory\fR +configuration variable). +.sp +The command argument syntax for specific commands is +specified in the respective daemon manual page. +.sp +The following command\-line options have the same effect for +all daemon programs: +.RS +.IP \fB\-D\fR +Run the daemon under control by the command specified with +the \fBdebugger_command\fR variable in the main.cf +configuration file. See DEBUG_README for hints and tips. +.IP "\fB\-o { \fIname\fR = \fIvalue\fB }\fR (long form, Postfix >= 3.0)" +.IP "\fB\-o \fIname\fR=\fIvalue\fR (short form)" +Override the named main.cf configuration parameter. The +parameter value can refer to other parameters as \fI$name\fR +etc., just like in main.cf. See \fBpostconf\fR(5) for +syntax. +.sp +NOTE 1: With the "long form" shown above, whitespace +after "{", around "=", and before "}" is ignored, and +whitespace within the parameter value is preserved. +.sp +NOTE 2: with the "short form" shown above, do not specify +whitespace around the "=" or in +parameter values. To specify a parameter value that contains +whitespace, use the long form described above, or use commas +instead of spaces, or specify the value in main.cf. Example: +.sp +.nf +/etc/postfix/master.cf: + submission inet .... smtpd + \-o smtpd_xxx_yyy=$submission_xxx_yyy +.sp +/etc/postfix/main.cf + submission_xxx_yyy = text with whitespace... +.fi +.sp +NOTE 3: Over\-zealous use of parameter overrides makes the +Postfix configuration hard to understand and maintain. At +a certain point, it might be easier to configure multiple +instances of Postfix, instead of configuring multiple +personalities via master.cf. +.IP \fB\-v\fR +Increase the verbose logging level. Specify multiple \fB\-v\fR +options to make a Postfix daemon process increasingly verbose. +.IP "Other command\-line arguments" +Specify "{" and "}" around command arguments that contain +whitespace (Postfix 3.0 and later). Whitespace +after "{" and before "}" is ignored. +.SH "SEE ALSO" +.na +.nf +master(8), process manager +postconf(5), configuration parameters +.SH "README FILES" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +Use "\fBpostconf readme_directory\fR" or +"\fBpostconf html_directory\fR" to locate this information. +.na +.nf +BASIC_CONFIGURATION_README, basic configuration +DEBUG_README, Postfix debugging +.SH "LICENSE" +.na +.nf +.ad +.fi +The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. +.SH "AUTHOR(S)" +.na +.nf +Initial version by +Magnus Baeck +Lund Institute of Technology +Sweden + +Wietse Venema +IBM T.J. Watson Research +P.O. Box 704 +Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA + +Wietse Venema +Google, Inc. +111 8th Avenue +New York, NY 10011, USA |