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+What's new in Sudo 1.8.27
+
+ * On HP-UX, sudo will now update the utmps file when running a command
+ in a pseudo-tty. Previously, only the utmp and utmpx files were
+ updated.
+
+ * Nanosecond precision file time stamps are now supported in HP-UX.
+
+ * Fixes and clarifications to the sudo plugin documentation.
+
+ * The sudo manuals no longer require extensive post-processing to
+ hide system-specific features. Conditionals in the roff source
+ are now used instead. This fixes corruption of the sudo manual
+ on systems without BSD login classes. Bug #861.
+
+ * If an I/O logging plugin is configured but the plugin does not
+ actually log any I/O, sudo will no longer force the command to
+ be run in a pseudo-tty.
+
+ * The fix for bug #843 in sudo 1.8.24 was incomplete. If the
+ user's password was expired or needed to be updated, but no sudo
+ password was required, the PAM handle was freed too early,
+ resulting in a failure when processing PAM session modules.
+
+ * In visudo, it is now possible to specify the path to sudoers
+ without using the -f option. Bug #864.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.22 where the utmp (or utmpx)
+ file would not be updated when a command was run in a pseudo-tty.
+ Bug #865.
+
+ * Sudo now sets the silent flag when opening the PAM session except
+ when running a shell via "sudo -s" or "sudo -i". This prevents
+ the pam_lastlog module from printing the last login information
+ for each sudo command. Bug #867.
+
+ * Fixed the default AIX hard resource limit for the maximum number
+ of files a user may have open. If no hard limit for "nofiles"
+ is explicitly set in /etc/security/limits, the default should
+ be "unlimited". Previously, the default hard limit was 8196.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.26
+
+ * Fixed a bug in cvtsudoers when converting to JSON format when
+ alias expansion is enabled. Bug #853.
+
+ * Sudo no long sets the USERNAME environment variable when running
+ commands. This is a non-standard environment variable that was
+ set on some older Linux systems.
+
+ * Sudo now treats the LOGNAME and USER environment variables (as
+ well as the LOGIN variable on AIX) as a single unit. If one is
+ preserved or removed from the environment using env_keep, env_check
+ or env_delete, so is the other.
+
+ * Added support for OpenLDAP's TLS_REQCERT setting in ldap.conf.
+
+ * Sudo now logs when the command was suspended and resumed in the
+ I/O logs. This information is used by sudoreplay to skip the
+ time suspended when replaying the session unless the new -S flag
+ is used.
+
+ * Fixed documentation problems found by the igor utility. Bug #854.
+
+ * Sudo now prints a warning message when there is an error or end
+ of file while reading the password instead of exiting silently.
+
+ * Fixed a bug in the sudoers LDAP back-end parsing the command_timeout,
+ role, type, privs and limitprivs sudoOptions. This also affected
+ cvtsudoers conversion from LDIF to sudoers or JSON.
+
+ * Fixed a bug that prevented timeout settings in sudoers from
+ functioning unless a timeout was also specified on the command
+ line.
+
+ * Asturian translation for sudo from translationproject.org.
+
+ * When generating LDIF output, cvtsudoers can now be configured
+ to pad the sudoOrder increment such that the start order is used
+ as a prefix. Bug #856.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.25 that prevented sudo from
+ properly setting the user's groups on AIX. Bug #857.
+
+ * If the user specifies a group via sudo's -g option that matches
+ any of the target user's groups, it is now allowed even if no
+ groups are present in the Runas_Spec. Previously, it was only
+ allowed if it matched the target user's primary group.
+
+ * The sudoers LDAP back-end now supports negated sudoRunAsUser and
+ sudoRunAsGroup entries.
+
+ * Sudo now provides a proper error message when the "fqdn" sudoers
+ option is set and it is unable to resolve the local host name.
+ Bug #859.
+
+ * Portuguese translation for sudo and sudoers from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Sudo now includes sudoers LDAP schema for the on-line configuration
+ supported by OpenLDAP.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.25p1
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.25 that caused a crash on
+ systems that have the poll() function but not the ppoll() function.
+ Bug #851.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.25
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.20 that broke formatting of
+ I/O log timing file entries on systems without a C99-compatible
+ snprintf() function. Our replacement snprintf() doesn't support
+ floating point so we can't use the "%f" format directive.
+
+ * I/O log timing file entries now use a monotonic timer and include
+ nanosecond precision. A monotonic timer that does not increment
+ while the system is sleeping is used where available.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.24 where sudoNotAfter in the LDAP
+ backend was not being properly parsed. Bug #845.
+
+ * When sudo runs a command in a pseudo-tty, the slave device is
+ now closed in the main process immediately after starting the
+ monitor process. This removes the need for an AIX-specific
+ workaround that was added in sudo 1.8.24.
+
+ * Added support for monotonic timers on HP-UX.
+
+ * Fixed a bug displaying timeout values the "sudo -V" output.
+ The value displayed was 3600 times the actual value. Bug #846.
+
+ * Fixed a build issue on AIX 7.1 BOS levels that include memset_s()
+ and define rsize_t in string.h. Bug #847.
+
+ * The testsudoers utility now supports querying an LDIF-format
+ policy.
+
+ * Sudo now sets the LOGIN environment variable to the same value as
+ LOGNAME on AIX systems. Bug #848.
+
+ * Fixed a regression introduced in sudo 1.8.24 where the LDAP and
+ SSSD backends evaluated the rules in reverse sudoOrder. Bug #849.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.24
+
+ * The LDAP and SSS back-ends now use the same rule evaluation code
+ as the sudoers file backend. This builds on the work in sudo
+ 1.8.23 where the formatting functions for "sudo -l" output were
+ shared. The handling of negated commands in SSS and LDAP is
+ unchanged.
+
+ * Fixed a regression introduced in 1.8.23 where "sudo -i" could
+ not be used in conjunction with --preserve-env=VARIABLE. Bug #835.
+
+ * cvtsudoers can now parse base64-encoded attributes in LDIF files.
+
+ * Random insults are now more random.
+
+ * Fixed the noexec wordexp(3) test on FreeBSD.
+
+ * Added SUDO_CONV_PREFER_TTY flag for conversation function to
+ tell sudo to try writing to /dev/tty first. Can be used in
+ conjunction with SUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG and SUDO_CONV_ERROR_MSG.
+
+ * Sudo now supports an arbitrary number of groups per user on
+ Solaris. Previously, only the first 64 groups were found.
+ This should remove the need to set "max_groups" in sudo.conf.
+
+ * Fixed typos in the OpenLDAP sudo schema. Bugs #839 and #840.
+
+ * Fixed a race condition when building with parallel make.
+ Bug #842.
+
+ * Fixed a duplicate free when netgroup_base in ldap.conf is set
+ to an invalid value.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.23 on AIX that could prevent
+ local users and groups from being resolved properly on systems
+ that have users stored in NIS, LDAP or AD.
+
+ * Added a workaround for an AIX bug exposed by a change in sudo
+ 1.8.23 that prevents the terminal mode from being restored when
+ I/O logging is enabled.
+
+ * On systems using PAM, sudo now ignores the PAM_NEW_AUTHTOK_REQD
+ and PAM_AUTHTOK_EXPIRED errors from PAM account management if
+ authentication is disabled for the user. This fixes a regression
+ introduced in sudo 1.8.23. Bug #843.
+
+ * Fixed an ambiguity in the sudoers manual in the description and
+ definition of User, Runas, Host, and Cmnd Aliases. Bug #834.
+
+ * Fixed a bug that resulted in only the first window size change
+ event being logged.
+
+ * Fixed a bug on HP-UX systems introduced in sudo 1.8.22 that
+ caused sudo to prompt for a password every time when tty-based
+ time stamp files were in use.
+
+ * Fixed a compilation problem on systems that define O_PATH or
+ O_SEARCH in fnctl.h but do not define O_DIRECTORY. Bug #844.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.23
+
+ * PAM account management modules and BSD auth approval modules are
+ now run even when no password is required.
+
+ * For kernel-based time stamps, if no terminal is present, fall
+ back to parent-pid style time stamps.
+
+ * The new cvtsudoers utility replaces both the "sudoers2ldif" script
+ and the "visudo -x" functionality. It can read a file in either
+ sudoers or LDIF format and produce JSON, LDIF or sudoers output.
+ It is also possible to filter the generated output file by user,
+ group or host name.
+
+ * The file, ldap and sss sudoers backends now share a common set
+ of formatting functions for "sudo -l" output, which is also used
+ by the cvtsudoers utility.
+
+ * The /run directory is now used in preference to /var/run if it
+ exists. Bug #822.
+
+ * More accurate descriptions of the --with-rundir and --with-vardir
+ configure options. Bug #823.
+
+ * The setpassent() and setgroupent() functions are now used on systems
+ that support them to keep the passwd and group database open.
+ Sudo performs a lot of passwd and group lookups so it can be
+ beneficial to avoid opening and closing the files each time.
+
+ * The new case_insensitive_user and case_insensitive_group sudoers
+ options can be used to control whether sudo does case-sensitive
+ matching of users and groups in sudoers. Case insensitive
+ matching is now the default.
+
+ * Fixed a bug on some systems where sudo could hang on command
+ exit when I/O logging was enabled. Bug #826.
+
+ * Fixed the build-time process start time test on Linux when the
+ test is run from within a container. Bug #829.
+
+ * When determining which temporary directory to use, sudoedit now
+ checks the directory for writability before using it. Previously,
+ sudoedit only performed an existence check. Bug #827.
+
+ * Sudo now includes an optional set of Monty Python-inspired insults.
+
+ * Fixed the execution of scripts with an associated digest (checksum)
+ in sudoers on FreeBSD systems. FreeBSD does not have a proper
+ /dev/fd directory mounted by default and its fexecve(2) is not
+ fully POSIX compliant when executing scripts. Bug #831.
+
+ * Chinese (Taiwan) translation for sudo from translationproject.org.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.22
+
+ * Commands run in the background from a script run via sudo will
+ no longer receive SIGHUP when the parent exits and I/O logging
+ is enabled. Bug #502
+
+ * A particularly offensive insult is now disabled by default.
+ Bug #804
+
+ * The description of "sudo -i" now correctly documents that
+ the "env_keep" and "env_check" sudoers options are applied to
+ the environment. Bug #806
+
+ * Fixed a crash when the system's host name is not set.
+ Bug #807
+
+ * The sudoers2ldif script now handles #include and #includedir
+ directives.
+
+ * Fixed a bug where sudo would silently exit when the command was
+ not allowed by sudoers and the "passwd_tries" sudoers option
+ was set to a value less than one.
+
+ * Fixed a bug with the "listpw" and "verifypw" sudoers options and
+ multiple sudoers sources. If the option is set to "all", a
+ password should be required unless none of a user's sudoers
+ entries from any source require authentication.
+
+ * Fixed a bug with the "listpw" and "verifypw" sudoers options in
+ the LDAP and SSSD back-ends. If the option is set to "any", and
+ the entry contained multiple rules, only the first matching rule
+ was checked. If an entry contained more than one matching rule
+ and the first rule required authentication but a subsequent rule
+ did not, sudo would prompt for a password when it should not have.
+
+ * When running a command as the invoking user (not root), sudo
+ would execute the command with the same group vector it was
+ started with. Sudo now executes the command with a new group
+ vector based on the group database which is consistent with
+ how su(1) operates.
+
+ * Fixed a double free in the SSSD back-end that could occur when
+ ipa_hostname is present in sssd.conf and is set to an unqualified
+ host name.
+
+ * When I/O logging is enabled, sudo will now write to the terminal
+ even when it is a background process. Previously, sudo would
+ only write to the tty when it was the foreground process when
+ I/O logging was enabled. If the TOSTOP terminal flag is set,
+ sudo will suspend the command (and then itself) with the SIGTTOU
+ signal.
+
+ * A new "authfail_message" sudoers option that overrides the
+ default "N incorrect password attempt(s)".
+
+ * An empty sudoRunAsUser attribute in the LDAP and SSSD backends
+ will now match the invoking user. This is more consistent with
+ how an empty runas user in the sudoers file is treated.
+
+ * Documented that in check mode, visudo does not check the owner/mode
+ on files specified with the -f flag. Bug #809.
+
+ * It is now an error to specify the runas user as an empty string
+ on the command line. Previously, an empty runas user was treated
+ the same as an unspecified runas user. Bug #817.
+
+ * When "timestamp_type" option is set to "tty" and a terminal is
+ present, the time stamp record will now include the start time
+ of the session leader. When the "timestamp_type" option is set
+ to "ppid" or when no terminal is available, the start time of
+ the parent process is used instead. This significantly reduces
+ the likelihood of a time stamp record being re-used when a user
+ logs out and back in again. Bug #818.
+
+ * The sudoers time stamp file format is now documented in the new
+ sudoers_timestamp manual.
+
+ * The "timestamp_type" option now takes a "kernel" value on OpenBSD
+ systems. This causes the tty-based time stamp to be stored in
+ the kernel instead of on the file system. If no tty is present,
+ the time stamp is considered to be invalid.
+
+ * Visudo will now use the SUDO_EDITOR environment variable (if
+ present) in addition to VISUAL and EDITOR.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.21p2
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in version 1.8.21 which prevented sudo
+ from using the PAM-supplied prompt. Bug #799
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in version 1.8.21 which could result in
+ sudo hanging when running commands that exit quickly. Bug #800
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in version 1.8.21 which prevented the
+ command from being run when the password was read via an external
+ program using the askpass interface. Bug #801
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.21p1
+
+ * On systems that support both PAM and SIGINFO, the main sudo
+ process will no longer forward SIGINFO to the command if the
+ signal was generated from the keyboard. The command will have
+ already received SIGINFO since it is part of the same process
+ group so there's no need for sudo to forward it. This is
+ consistent with the handling of SIGINT, SIGQUIT and SIGTSTP.
+ Bug #796
+
+ * If SUDOERS_SEARCH_FILTER in ldap.conf does not specify a value,
+ the LDAP search expression used when looking up netgroups and
+ non-Unix groups had a syntax error if a group plugin was not
+ specified.
+
+ * "sudo -U otheruser -l" will now have an exit value of 0 even
+ if "otheruser" has no sudo privileges. The exit value when a
+ user attempts to lists their own privileges or when a command
+ is specified is unchanged.
+
+ * Fixed a regression introduced in sudo 1.8.21 where sudoreplay
+ playback would hang for I/O logs that contain terminal input.
+
+ * Sudo 1.8.18 contained an incomplete fix for the matching of
+ entries in the LDAP and SSSD back-ends when a sudoRunAsGroup is
+ specified but no sudoRunAsUser is present in the sudoRole.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.21
+
+ * The path that sudo uses to search for terminal devices can now
+ be configured via the new "devsearch" Path setting in sudo.conf.
+
+ * It is now possible to preserve bash shell functions in the
+ environment when the "env_reset" sudoers setting is disabled by
+ removing the "*=()*" pattern from the env_delete list.
+
+ * A change made in sudo 1.8.15 inadvertantly caused sudoedit to
+ send itself SIGHUP instead of exiting when the editor returns
+ an error or the file was not modified.
+
+ * Sudoedit now uses an exit code of zero if the file was not
+ actually modified. Previously, sudoedit treated a lack of
+ modifications as an error.
+
+ * When running a command in a pseudo-tty (pty), sudo now copies a
+ subset of the terminal flags to the new pty. Previously, all
+ flags were copied, even those not appropriate for a pty.
+
+ * Fixed a problem with debug logging in the sudoers I/O logging
+ plugin.
+
+ * Window size change events are now logged to the policy plugin.
+ On xterm and compatible terminals, sudoreplay is now capable of
+ resizing the terminal to match the size of the terminal the
+ command was run on. The new -R option can be used to disable
+ terminal resizing.
+
+ * Fixed a bug in visudo where a newly added file was not checked
+ for syntax errors. Bug #791.
+
+ * Fixed a bug in visudo where if a syntax error in an include
+ directory (like /etc/sudoers.d) was detected, the edited version
+ was left as a temporary file instead of being installed.
+
+ * On PAM systems, sudo will now treat "username's Password:" as
+ a standard password prompt. As a result, the SUDO_PROMPT
+ environment variable will now override "username's Password:"
+ as well as the more common "Password:". Previously, the
+ "passprompt_override" Defaults setting would need to be set for
+ SUDO_PROMPT to override a prompt of "username's Password:".
+
+ * A new "syslog_pid" sudoers setting has been added to include
+ sudo's process ID along with the process name when logging via
+ syslog. Bug #792.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.18 where a command would
+ not be terminated when the I/O logging plugin returned an error
+ to the sudo front-end.
+
+ * A new "timestamp_type" sudoers setting has been added that replaces
+ the "tty_tickets" option. In addition to tty and global time stamp
+ records, it is now possible to use the parent process ID to restrict
+ the time stamp to commands run by the same process, usually the shell.
+ Bug #793.
+
+ * The --preserve-env command line option has been extended to accept
+ a comma-separated list of environment variables to preserve.
+ Bug #279.
+
+ * Friulian translation for sudo from translationproject.org.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.20p2
+
+ * Fixed a bug parsing /proc/pid/stat on Linux when the process
+ name contains newlines. This is not exploitable due to the /dev
+ traversal changes in sudo 1.8.20p1.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.20p1
+
+ * Fixed "make check" when using OpenSSL or GNU crypt.
+ Bug #787.
+
+ * Fixed CVE-2017-1000367, a bug parsing /proc/pid/stat on Linux
+ when the process name contains spaces. Since the user has control
+ over the command name, this could potentially be used by a user
+ with sudo access to overwrite an arbitrary file on systems with
+ SELinux enabled. Also stop performing a breadth-first traversal
+ of /dev when looking for the device; only a hard-coded list of
+ directories are checked,
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.20
+
+ * Added support for SASL_MECH in ldap.conf. Bug #764
+
+ * Added support for digest matching when the command is a glob-style
+ pattern or a directory. Previously, only explicit path matches
+ supported digest checks.
+
+ * New "fdexec" Defaults option to control whether a command
+ is executed by path or by open file descriptor.
+
+ * The embedded copy of zlib has been upgraded to version 1.2.11.
+
+ * Fixed a bug that prevented sudoers include files with a relative
+ path starting with the letter 'i' from being opened. Bug #776.
+
+ * Added support for command timeouts in sudoers. The command will
+ be terminated if the timeout expires.
+
+ * The SELinux role and type are now displayed in the "sudo -l"
+ output for the LDAP and SSSD back-ends, just as they are in the
+ sudoers back-end.
+
+ * A new command line option, -T, can be used to specify a command
+ timeout as long as the user-specified timeout is not longer than
+ the timeout specified in sudoers. This option may only be
+ used when the "user_command_timeouts" flag is enabled in sudoers.
+
+ * Added NOTBEFORE and NOTAFTER command options to the sudoers
+ back-end similar to what is already available in the LDAP back-end.
+
+ * Sudo can now optionally use the SHA2 functions in OpenSSL or GNU
+ crypt instead of the SHA2 implementation bundled with sudo.
+
+ * Fixed a compilation error on systems without the stdbool.h header
+ file. Bug #778.
+
+ * Fixed a compilation error in the standalone Kerberos V authentication
+ module. Bug #777.
+
+ * Added the iolog_flush flag to sudoers which causes I/O log data
+ to be written immediately to disk instead of being buffered.
+
+ * I/O log files are now created with group ID 0 by default unless
+ the "iolog_user" or "iolog_group" options are set in sudoers.
+
+ * It is now possible to store I/O log files on an NFS-mounted
+ file system where uid 0 is remapped to an unprivileged user.
+ The "iolog_user" option must be set to a non-root user and the
+ top-level I/O log directory must exist and be owned by that user.
+
+ * Added the restricted_env_file setting to sudoers which is similar
+ to env_file but its contents are subject to the same restrictions
+ as variables in the invoking user's environment.
+
+ * Fixed a use after free bug in the SSSD back-end when the fqdn
+ sudoOption is enabled and no hostname value is present in
+ /etc/sssd/sssd.conf.
+
+ * Fixed a typo that resulted in a compilation error on systems
+ where the killpg() function is not found by configure.
+
+ * Fixed a compilation error with the included version of zlib
+ when sudo was built outside the source tree.
+
+ * Fixed the exit value of sudo when the command is terminated by
+ a signal other than SIGINT. This was broken in sudo 1.8.15 by
+ the fix for Bug #722. Bug #784.
+
+ * Fixed a regression introduced in sudo 1.8.18 where the "lecture"
+ option could not be used in a positive boolean context, only
+ a negative one.
+
+ * Fixed an issue where sudo would consume stdin if it was not
+ connected to a tty even if log_input is not enabled in sudoers.
+ Bug #786.
+
+ * Clarify in the sudoers manual that the #includedir directive
+ diverts control to the files in the specified directory and,
+ when parsing of those files is complete, returns control to the
+ original file. Bug #775.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.19p2
+
+ * Fixed a crash in visudo introduced in sudo 1.8.9 when an IP address
+ or network is used in a host-based Defaults entry. Bug #766
+
+ * Added a missing check for the ignore_iolog_errors flag when
+ the sudoers plugin generates the I/O log file path name.
+
+ * Fixed a typo in sudo's vsyslog() replacement that resulted in
+ garbage being logged to syslog.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.19p1
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.19 that resulted in the wrong
+ syslog priority and facility being used.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.19
+
+ * New "syslog_maxlen" Defaults option to control the maximum size of
+ syslog messages generated by sudo.
+
+ * Sudo has been run against PVS-Studio and any issues that were
+ not false positives have been addressed.
+
+ * I/O log files are now created with the same group ID as the
+ parent directory and not the invoking user's group ID.
+
+ * I/O log permissions and ownership are now configurable via the
+ "iolog_mode", "iolog_user" and "iolog_group" sudoers Defaults
+ variables.
+
+ * Fixed configuration of the sudoers I/O log plugin debug subsystem.
+ Previously, I/O log information was not being written to the
+ sudoers debug log.
+
+ * Fixed a bug in visudo that broke editing of files in an include
+ dir that have a syntax error. Normally, visudo does not edit
+ those files, but if a syntax error is detected in one, the user
+ should get a chance to fix it.
+
+ * Warnings about unknown or unparsable sudoers Defaults entries now
+ include the file and line number of the problem.
+
+ * Visudo will now use the file and line number information about an
+ unknown or unparsable Defaults entry to go directly to the file
+ with the problem.
+
+ * Fixed a bug in the sudoers LDAP back-end where a negated sudoHost
+ entry would prevent other sudoHost entries following it from matching.
+
+ * Warnings from visudo about a cycle in an Alias entry now include the
+ file and line number of the problem.
+
+ * In strict mode, visudo will now use the file and line number
+ information about a cycle in an Alias entry to go directly to the
+ file with the problem.
+
+ * The sudo_noexec.so file is now linked with -ldl on systems that
+ require it for the wordexp() wrapper.
+
+ * Fixed linking of sudo_noexec.so on macOS systems where it must be
+ a dynamic library and not a module.
+
+ * Sudo's "make check" now includes a test for sudo_noexec.so
+ working.
+
+ * The sudo front-end now passes the user's umask to the plugin.
+ Previously the plugin had to determine this itself.
+
+ * Sudoreplay can now display the stdin and ttyin streams when they
+ are explicitly added to the filter list.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.17 where the "all" setting
+ for verifypw and listpw was not being honored. Bug #762.
+
+ * The syslog priority (syslog_goodpri and syslog_badpri) can now
+ be negated or set to "none" to disable logging of successful or
+ unsuccessful sudo attempts via syslog.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.18p1
+
+ * When sudo_noexec.so is used, the WRDE_NOCMD flag is now added
+ if the wordexp() function is called. This prevents commands
+ from being run via wordexp() without disabling it entirely.
+
+ * On Linux systems, sudo_noexec.so now uses a seccomp filter to
+ disable execute access if the kernel supports seccomp. This is
+ more robust than the traditional method of using stub functions
+ that return an error.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.18
+
+ * The sudoers locale is now set before parsing the sudoers file.
+ If sudoers_locale is set in sudoers, it is applied before
+ evaluating other Defaults entries. Previously, sudoers_locale
+ was used when evaluating sudoers but not during the inital parse.
+ Bug #748.
+
+ * A missing or otherwise invalid #includedir is now ignored instead
+ of causing a parse error.
+
+ * During "make install", backup files are only used on HP-UX where
+ it is not possible to unlink a shared object that is in use.
+ This works around a bug in ldconfig on Linux which could create
+ links to the backup shared library file instead of the current
+ one.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in 1.8.17 where sudoers entries with long
+ commands lines could be truncated, preventing a match. Bug #752.
+
+ * The fqdn, runas_default and sudoers_locale Defaults settings are
+ now applied before any other Defaults settings since they can
+ change how other Defaults settings are parsed.
+
+ * On systems without the O_NOFOLLOW open(2) flag, when the NOFOLLOW
+ flag is set, sudoedit now checks whether the file is a symbolic link
+ before opening it as well as after the open. Bug #753.
+
+ * Sudo will now only resolve a user's group IDs to group names
+ when sudoers includes group-based permissions. Group lookups
+ can be expensive on some systems where the group database is
+ not local.
+
+ * If the file system holding the sudo log file is full, allow
+ the command to run unless the new ignore_logfile_errors Defaults
+ option is disabled. Bug #751.
+
+ * The ignore_audit_errors and ignore_iolog_errors Defaults options
+ have been added to control sudo's behavior when it is unable to
+ write to the audit and I/O logs.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in 1.8.17 where the SIGPIPE signal handler
+ was not being restored when sudo directly executes the command.
+
+ * Fixed a bug where "sudo -l command" would indicate that a command
+ was runnable even when denied by sudoers when using the LDAP or
+ SSSD back-ends.
+
+ * The match_group_by_gid Defaults option has been added to allow
+ sites where group name resolution is slow and where sudoers only
+ contains a small number of groups to match groups by group ID
+ instead of by group name.
+
+ * Fixed a bug on Linux where a 32-bit sudo binary could fail with
+ an "unable to allocate memory" error when run on a 64-bit system.
+ Bug #755
+
+ * When parsing ldap.conf, sudo will now only treat a '#' character
+ as the start of a comment when it is at the beginning of the
+ line.
+
+ * Fixed a potential crash when auditing is enabled and the audit
+ function fails with an error. Bug #756
+
+ * Norwegian Nynorsk translation for sudo from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Fixed a typo that broke short host name matching when the fqdn
+ flag is enabled in sudoers. Bug #757
+
+ * Negated sudoHost attributes are now supported by the LDAP and
+ SSSD back-ends.
+
+ * Fixed matching entries in the LDAP and SSSD back-ends when a
+ RunAsGroup is specified but no RunAsUser is present.
+
+ * Fixed "sudo -l" output in the LDAP and SSSD back-ends when a
+ RunAsGroup is specified but no RunAsUser is present.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.17p1
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in 1.8.17 where the user's groups were
+ not set on systems that don't use PAM. Bug #749.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.17
+
+ * On AIX, if /etc/security/login.cfg has auth_type set to PAM_AUTH
+ but pam_start(3) fails, fall back to AIX authentication.
+ Bug #740.
+
+ * Sudo now takes all sudoers sources into account when determining
+ whether or not "sudo -l" or "sudo -v" should prompt for a password.
+ In other words, if both file and ldap sudoers sources are in
+ specified in /etc/nsswitch.conf, "sudo -v" will now require that
+ all entries in both sources be have NOPASSWD (file) or !authenticate
+ (ldap) in the entries.
+
+ * Sudo now ignores SIGPIPE until the command is executed. Previously,
+ SIGPIPE was only ignored in a few select places. Bug #739.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.14 where (non-syslog) log
+ file entries were missing the newline when loglinelen is set to
+ a non-positive number. Bug #742.
+
+ * Unix groups are now set before the plugin session intialization
+ code is run. This makes it possible to use dynamic groups with
+ the Linux-PAM pam_group module.
+
+ * Fixed a bug where a debugging statement could dereference a NULL
+ pointer when looking up a group that doesn't exist. Bug #743.
+
+ * Sudo has been run through the Coverity code scanner. A number of
+ minor bugs have been fixed as a result. None were security issues.
+
+ * SELinux support, which was broken in 1.8.16, has been repaired.
+
+ * Fixed a bug when logging I/O where all output buffers might not
+ get flushed at exit.
+
+ * Forward slashes are no longer escaped in the JSON output of
+ "visudo -x". This was never required by the standard and not
+ escaping them improves readability of the output.
+
+ * Sudo no longer treats PAM_SESSION_ERR as a fatal error when
+ opening the PAM session. Other errors from pam_open_session()
+ are still treated as fatal. This avoids the "policy plugin
+ failed session initialization" error message seen on some systems.
+
+ * Korean translation for sudo and sudoers from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Fixed a bug on AIX where the stack size hard resource limit was
+ being set to 2GB instead of 4GB on 64-bit systems.
+
+ * The SSSD back-end now properly supports "sudo -U otheruser -l".
+
+ * The SSSD back-end now uses the value of "ipa_hostname"
+ from sssd.conf, if specified, when matching the host name.
+
+ * Fixed a hang on some systems when the command is being run in
+ a pty and it failed to execute.
+
+ * When performing a wildcard match in sudoers, check for an exact
+ string match if the user command was fully-qualified (or resolved
+ via the PATH). This fixes an issue executing scripts on Linux
+ when there are multiple wildcard matches with the same base name.
+ Bug #746.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.16
+
+ * Fixed a compilation error on Solaris 10 with Stun Studio 12.
+ Bug #727.
+
+ * When preserving variables from the invoking user's environment, if
+ there are duplicates sudo now only keeps the first instance.
+
+ * Fixed a bug that could cause warning mail to be sent in list
+ mode (sudo -l) for users without sudo privileges when the
+ LDAP and sssd back-ends are used.
+
+ * Fixed a bug that prevented the "mail_no_user" option from working
+ properly with the LDAP back-end.
+
+ * In the LDAP and sssd back-ends, white space is now ignored between
+ an operator (!, +, +=, -=) when parsing a sudoOption.
+
+ * It is now possible to disable Path settings in sudo.conf
+ by omitting the path name.
+
+ * The sudoedit_checkdir Defaults option is now enabled by default
+ and has been extended. When editing files with sudoedit, each
+ directory in the path to be edited is now checked. If a directory
+ is writable by the invoking user, symbolic links will not be
+ followed. If the parent directory of the file to be edited is
+ writable, sudoedit will refuse to edit it.
+ Bug #707.
+
+ * The netgroup_tuple Defaults option has been added to enable matching
+ of the entire netgroup tuple, not just the host or user portion.
+ Bug #717.
+
+ * When matching commands based on the SHA2 digest, sudo will now
+ use fexecve(2) to execute the command if it is available. This
+ fixes a time of check versus time of use race condition when the
+ directory holding the command is writable by the invoking user.
+
+ * On AIX systems, sudo now caches the auth registry string along
+ with password and group information. This fixes a potential
+ problem when a user or group of the same name exists in multiple
+ auth registries. For example, local and LDAP.
+
+ * Fixed a crash in the SSSD back-end when the invoking user is not
+ found. Bug #732.
+
+ * Added the --enable-asan configure flag to enable address sanitizer
+ support. A few minor memory leaks have been plugged to quiet
+ the ASAN leak detector.
+
+ * The value of _PATH_SUDO_CONF may once again be overridden via
+ the Makefile. Bug #735.
+
+ * The sudoers2ldif script now handles multiple roles with same name.
+
+ * Fixed a compilation error on systems that have the posix_spawn()
+ and posix_spawnp() functions but an unusable spawn.h header.
+ Bug #730.
+
+ * Fixed support for negating character classes in sudo's version
+ of the fnmatch() function.
+
+ * Fixed a bug in the LDAP and SSSD back-ends that could allow an
+ unauthorized user to list another user's privileges. Bug #738.
+
+ * The PAM conversation function now works around an ambiguity in the
+ PAM spec with respect to multiple messages. Bug #726.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.15
+
+ * Fixed a bug that prevented sudo from building outside the source tree
+ on some platforms. Bug #708.
+
+ * Fixed the location of the sssd library in the RHEL/Centos packages.
+ Bug #710.
+
+ * Fixed a build problem on systems that don't implicitly include
+ sys/types.h from other header files. Bug #711.
+
+ * Fixed a problem on Linux using containers where sudo would ignore
+ signals sent by a process in a different container.
+
+ * Sudo now refuses to run a command if the PAM session module
+ returns an error.
+
+ * When editing files with sudoedit, symbolic links will no longer
+ be followed by default. The old behavior can be restored by
+ enabling the sudoedit_follow option in sudoers or on a per-command
+ basis with the FOLLOW and NOFOLLOW tags. Bug #707.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in version 1.8.14 that caused the last
+ valid editor in the sudoers "editor" list to be used by visudo
+ and sudoedit instead of the first. Bug #714.
+
+ * Fixed a bug in visudo that prevented the addition of a final
+ newline to edited files without one.
+
+ * Fixed a bug decoding certain base64 digests in sudoers when the
+ intermediate format included a '=' character.
+
+ * Individual records are now locked in the time stamp file instead
+ of the entire file. This allows sudo to avoid prompting for a
+ password multiple times on the same terminal when used in a
+ pipeline. In other words, "sudo cat foo | sudo grep bar" now
+ only prompts for the password once. Previously, both sudo
+ processes would prompt for a password, often making it impossible
+ to enter.
+
+ * Fixed a bug where sudo would fail to run commands as a non-root
+ user on systems that lack both setresuid() and setreuid().
+ Bug #713.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.14 that prevented visudo from
+ re-editing the correct file when a syntax error was detected.
+
+ * Fixed a bug where sudo would not relay a SIGHUP signal to the
+ command when the terminal is closed and the command is not run
+ in its own pseudo-tty. Bug #719
+
+ * If some, but not all, of the LOGNAME, USER or USERNAME environment
+ variables have been preserved from the invoking user's environment,
+ sudo will now use the preserved value to set the remaining variables
+ instead of using the runas user. This ensures that if, for example,
+ only LOGNAME is present in the env_keep list, that sudo will not
+ set USER and USERNAME to the runas user.
+
+* When the command sudo is running dies due to a signal, sudo will
+ now send itself that same signal with the default signal handler
+ installed instead of exiting. The bash shell appears to ignore
+ some signals, e.g. SIGINT, unless the command being run is killed
+ by that signal. This makes the behavior of commands run under
+ sudo the same as without sudo when bash is the shell. Bug #722
+
+ * Slovak translation for sudo from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Hungarian and Slovak translations for sudoers from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Previously, when env_reset was enabled (the default) and the -s
+ option was not used, the SHELL environment variable was set to the
+ shell of the invoking user. Now, when env_reset is enabled and
+ the -s option is not used, SHELL is set based on the target user.
+
+ * Fixed challenge/response style BSD authentication.
+
+ * Added the sudoedit_checkdir Defaults option to prevent sudoedit
+ from editing files located in a directory that is writable by
+ the invoking user.
+
+ * Added the always_query_group_plugin Defaults option to control
+ whether groups not found in the system group database are passed
+ to the group plugin. Previously, unknown system groups were
+ always passed to the group plugin.
+
+ * When creating a new file, sudoedit will now check that the file's
+ parent directory exists before running the editor.
+
+ * Fixed the compiler stack protector test in configure for compilers
+ that support -fstack-protector but don't actually have the ssp
+ library available.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.14p3
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.14p2 that prevented sudo
+ from working when no tty was present.
+
+ * Fixed tty detection on newer AIX systems where dev_t is 64-bit.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.14p2
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.14 that prevented the lecture
+ file from being created. Bug #704.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.14p1
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.14 that prevented the sssd
+ back-end from working. Bug #703.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.14
+
+ * Log messages on Mac OS X now respect sudoers_locale when sudo
+ is build with NLS support.
+
+ * The sudo manual pages now pass "mandoc -Tlint" with no warnings.
+
+ * Fixed a compilation problem on systems with the sig2str() function
+ that do not define SIG2STR_MAX in signal.h.
+
+ * Worked around a compiler bug that resulted in unexpected behavior
+ when returning an int from a function declared to return bool
+ without an explicit cast.
+
+ * Worked around a bug in Mac OS X 10.10 BSD auditing where the
+ au_preselect() fails for AUE_sudo events but succeeds for
+ AUE_DARWIN_sudo.
+
+ * Fixed a hang on Linux systems with glibc when sudo is linked with
+ jemalloc.
+
+ * When the user runs a command as a user ID that is not present in
+ the password database via the -u flag, the command is now run
+ with the group ID of the invoking user instead of group ID 0.
+
+ * Fixed a compilation problem on systems that don't pull in
+ definitions of uid_t and gid_t without sys/types.h or unistd.h.
+
+ * Fixed a compilation problem on newer AIX systems which use a
+ struct st_timespec for time stamps in struct stat that differs
+ from struct timespec. Bug #702.
+
+ * The example directory is now configurable via --with-exampledir
+ and defaults to DATAROOTDIR/examples/sudo on BSD systems.
+
+ * The /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/sudo.conf file is now installed as part
+ of "make install" when systemd is in use.
+
+ * Fixed a linker problem on some systems with libintl. Bug #690.
+
+ * Fixed compilation with compilers that don't support __func__
+ or __FUNCTION__.
+
+ * Sudo no longer needs to uses weak symbols to support localization
+ in the warning functions. A registration function is used instead.
+
+ * Fixed a setresuid() failure in sudoers on Linux kernels where
+ uid changes take the nproc resource limit into account.
+
+ * Fixed LDAP netgroup queries on AIX.
+
+ * Sudo will now display the custom prompt on Linux systems with PAM
+ even if the "Password: " prompt is not localized by the PAM module.
+ Bug #701.
+
+ * Double-quoted values in an LDAP sudoOption are now supported
+ for consistency with file-based sudoers.
+
+ * Fixed a bug that prevented the btime entry in /proc/stat from
+ being parsed on Linux.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.13
+
+ * The examples directory is now a subdirectory of the doc dir to
+ conform to Debian guidelines. Bug #682.
+
+ * Fixed a compilation error for siglist.c and signame.c on some
+ systems. Bug #686
+
+ * Weak symbols are now used for sudo_warn_gettext() and
+ sudo_warn_strerror() in libsudo_util to avoid link errors when
+ -Wl,--no-undefined is used in LDFLAGS. The --disable-weak-symbols
+ configure option can be used to disable the user of weak symbols.
+
+ * Fixed a bug in sudo's mkstemps() replacement function that
+ prevented the file extension from being preserved in sudoedit.
+
+ * A new mail_all_cmnds sudoers flag will send mail when a user runs
+ a command (or tries to). The behavior of the mail_always flag has
+ been restored to always send mail when sudo is run.
+
+ * New "MAIL" and "NOMAIL" command tags have been added to toggle
+ mail sending behavior on a per-command (or Cmnd_Alias) basis.
+
+ * Fixed matching of empty passwords when sudo is configured to
+ use passwd (or shadow) file authentication on systems where the
+ crypt() function returns NULL for invalid salts.
+
+ * On AIX, sudo now uses the value of the auth_type setting in
+ /etc/security/login.cfg to determine whether to use LAM or PAM
+ for user authentication.
+
+ * The "all" setting for listpw and verifypw now works correctly
+ with LDAP and sssd sudoers.
+
+ * The sudo timestamp directory is now created at boot time on
+ platforms that use systemd.
+
+ * Sudo will now restore the value of the SIGPIPE handler before
+ executing the command.
+
+ * Sudo now uses "struct timespec" instead of "struct timeval" for
+ time keeping when possible. If supported, sudoedit and visudo
+ now use nanosecond granularity time stamps.
+
+ * Fixed a symbol name collision with systems that have their own
+ SHA2 implementation. This fixes a problem where PAM could use
+ the wrong SHA2 implementation on Solaris 10 systems configured
+ to use SHA512 for passwords.
+
+ * The editor invoked by sudoedit once again uses an unmodified
+ copy of the user's environment as per the documentation. This
+ was inadvertantly changed in sudo 1.8.0. Bug #688.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.12
+
+ * The embedded copy of zlib has been upgraded to version 1.2.8 and
+ is now installed as a shared library where supported.
+
+ * Debug settings for the sudo front end and sudoers plugin are now
+ configured separately.
+
+ * Multiple sudo.conf Debug entries may now be specified per program
+ (or plugin).
+
+ * The plugin API has been extended such that the path to the plugin
+ that was loaded is now included in the settings array. This
+ path can be used to register with the debugging subsystem. The
+ debug_flags setting is now prefixed with a file name and may be
+ specified multiple times if there is more than one matching Debug
+ setting in sudo.conf.
+
+ * The sudoers regression tests now run with the locale set to C
+ since some of the tests compare output that includes locale-specific
+ messages. Bug #672
+
+ * Fixed a bug where sudo would not run commands on Linux when
+ compiled with audit support if audit is disabled. Bug #671
+
+ * Added __BASH_FUNC<* to the environment blacklist to match
+ Apple's syntax for newer-style bash functions.
+
+ * The default password prompt now includes a trailing space after
+ "Password:" for consistency with su(1) on most systems.
+ Bug #663
+
+ * Fixed a problem on DragonFly BSD where SIGCHLD could be ignored,
+ preventing sudo from exiting. Bug #676
+
+ * Visudo will now use the optional sudoers_file, sudoers_mode,
+ sudoers_uid and sudoers_gid arguments if specified on the
+ sudoers.so Plugin line in the sudo.conf file.
+
+ * Fixed a problem introduced in sudo 1.8.8 that prevented the full
+ host name from being used when the "fqdn" sudoers option is used.
+ Bug #678
+
+ * French and Russian translations for sudoers from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Sudo now installs a handler for SIGCHLD signal handler immediately
+ before stating the process that will execute the command (or
+ start the monitor). The handler used to be installed earlier
+ but this causes problems with poorly behaved PAM modules that
+ install their own SIGCHLD signal handler and neglect to restore
+ sudo's original handler. Bug #657
+
+ * Removed a limit on the length of command line arguments expanded
+ by a wild card using sudo's version of the fnmatch() function.
+ This limit was introduced when sudo's version of fnmatch()
+ was replaced in sudo 1.8.4.
+
+ * LDAP-based sudoers can now query an LDAP server for a user's
+ netgroups directly. This is often much faster than fetching
+ every sudoRole object containing a sudoUser that begins with a
+ `+' prefix and checking whether the user is a member of any of
+ the returned netgroups.
+
+ * The mail_always sudoers option no longer sends mail for "sudo -l"
+ or "sudo -v" unless the user is unable to authenticate themselves.
+
+ * Fixed a crash when sudo is run with an empty argument vector.
+
+ * Fixed two potential crashes when sudo is run with very low
+ resource limits.
+
+ * The TZ environment variable is now checked for safety instead
+ of simply being copied to the environment of the command.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.11p2
+
+ * Fixed a bug where dynamic shared objects loaded from a plugin
+ could use the hooked version of getenv() but not the hooked
+ versions of putenv(), setenv() or unsetenv(). This can cause
+ problems for PAM modules that use those functions.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.11p1
+
+ * Fixed a compilation problem on some systems when the
+ --disable-shared-libutil configure option was specified.
+
+ * The user can no longer interrupt the sleep after an incorrect
+ password on PAM systems using pam_unix.
+ Bug #666
+
+ * Fixed a compilation problem on Linux systems that do not use PAM.
+ Bug #667
+
+ * "make install" will now work with the stock GNU autotools
+ install-sh script. Bug #669
+
+ * Fixed a crash with "sudo -i" when the current working directory
+ does not exist. Bug #670
+
+ * Fixed a potential crash in the debug subsystem when logging a message
+ larger that 1024 bytes.
+
+ * Fixed a "make check" failure for ttyname when stdin is closed and
+ stdout and stderr are redirected to a different tty. Bug #643
+
+ * Added BASH_FUNC_* to the environment blacklist to match newer-style
+ bash functions.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.11
+
+ * The sudoers plugin no longer uses setjmp/longjmp to recover
+ from fatal errors. All errors are now propagated to the caller
+ via return codes.
+
+ * When running a command in the background, sudo will now forward
+ SIGINFO to the command (if supported).
+
+ * Sudo will now use the system versions of the sha2 functions from
+ libc or libmd if available.
+
+ * Visudo now works correctly on GNU Hurd. Bug #647
+
+ * Fixed suspend and resume of curses programs on some system when
+ the command is not being run in a pseudo-terminal. Bug #649
+
+ * Fixed a crash with LDAP-based sudoers on some systems when
+ Kerberos was enabled.
+
+ * Sudo now includes optional Solaris audit support.
+
+ * Catalan translation for sudoers from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Norwegian Bokmaal translation for sudo from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Greek translation for sudoers from translationproject.org
+
+ * The sudo source tree has been reorganized to more closely resemble
+ that of other gettext-enabled packages.
+
+ * Sudo and its associated programs now link against a shared version
+ of libsudo_util. The --disable-shared-libutil configure option
+ may be used to force static linking if the --enable-static-sudoers
+ option is also specified.
+
+ * The passwords in ldap.conf and ldap.secret may now be encoded
+ in base64.
+
+ * Audit updates. SELinux role changes are now audited. For
+ sudoedit, we now audit the actual editor being run, instead of
+ just the sudoedit command.
+
+ * Fixed bugs in the man page post-processing that could cause
+ portions of the manuals to be removed.
+
+ * Fixed a crash in the system_group plugin. Bug #653.
+
+ * Fixed sudoedit on platforms without a native version of the
+ getprogname() function. Bug #654.
+
+ * Fixed compilation problems with some pre-C99 compilers.
+
+ * Fixed sudo's -C option which was broken in version 1.8.9.
+
+ * It is now possible to match an environment variable's value as
+ well as its name using env_keep and env_check. This can be used
+ to preserve bash functions which would otherwise be removed from
+ the environment.
+
+ * New files created via sudoedit as a non-root user now have the
+ proper group id. Bug #656
+
+ * Sudoedit now works correctly in conjunction with sudo's SELinux
+ RBAC support. Temporary files are now created with the proper
+ security context.
+
+ * The sudo I/O logging plugin API has been updated. If a logging
+ function returns an error, the command will be terminated and
+ all of the plugin's logging functions will be disabled. If a
+ logging function rejects the command's output it will no longer
+ be displayed to the user's terminal.
+
+ * Fixed a compilation error on systems that lack openpty(), _getpty()
+ and grantpt(). Bug #660
+
+ * Fixed a hang when a sudoers source is listed more than once in
+ a single sudoers nsswitch.conf entry.
+
+ * On AIX, shell scripts without a #! magic number are now passed to
+ /usr/bin/sh, not /usr/bin/bsh. This is consistent with what the
+ execvp() function on AIX does and matches historic sudo behavior.
+ Bug #661
+
+ * Fixed a cross-compilation problem building mksiglist and mksigname.
+ Bug #662
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.10p3?
+
+ * Fixed expansion of %p in the prompt for "sudo -l" when rootpw,
+ runaspw or targetpw is set. Bug #639
+
+ * Fixed matching of UIDs and GIDs which was broken in version 1.8.9.
+ Bug #640
+
+ * PAM credential initialization has been re-enabled. It was
+ unintentionally disabled by default in version 1.8.8. The way
+ credentials are initialized has also been fixed. Bug #642.
+
+ * Fixed a descriptor leak on Linux when determining boot time. Sudo
+ normally closes extra descriptors before running a command so
+ the impact is limited. Bug #645
+
+ * Fixed flushing of the last buffer of data when I/O logging is
+ enabled. This bug, introduced in version 1.8.9, could cause
+ incomplete command output on some systems. Bug #646
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.10p2?
+
+ * Fixed a hang introduced in sudo 1.8.10 when timestamp_timeout
+ is set to zero.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.10p1?
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.10 that prevented the disabling
+ of tty-based tickets.
+
+ * Fixed a bug with negated commands in "sudo -l command" that
+ could cause the command to be listed even when it was explicitly
+ denied. This only affected list mode when a command was specified.
+ Bug #636
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.10?
+
+ * It is now possible to disable network interface probing in
+ sudo.conf by changing the value of the probe_interfaces
+ setting.
+
+ * When listing a user's privileges (sudo -l), the sudoers plugin
+ will now prompt for the user's password even if the targetpw,
+ rootpw or runaspw options are set.
+
+ * The sudoers plugin uses a new format for its time stamp files.
+ Each user now has a single file which may contain multiple records
+ when per-tty time stamps are in use (the default). The time
+ stamps use a monotonic timer where available and are once again
+ located in a directory under /var/run. The lecture status is
+ now stored separately from the time stamps in a different directory.
+ Bug #616
+
+ * sudo's -K option will now remove all of the user's time stamps,
+ not just the time stamp for the current terminal. The -k option
+ can be used to only disable time stamps for the current terminal.
+
+ * If sudo was started in the background and needed to prompt for
+ a password, it was not possible to suspend it at the password
+ prompt. This now works properly.
+
+ * LDAP-based sudoers now uses a default search filter of
+ (objectClass=sudoRole) for more efficient queries. The netgroup
+ query has been modified to avoid falling below the minimum length
+ for OpenLDAP substring indices.
+
+ * The new "use_netgroups" sudoers option can be used to explicitly
+ enable or disable netgroups support. For LDAP-based sudoers,
+ netgroup support requires an expensive substring match on the
+ server. If netgroups are not needed, this option can be disabled
+ to reduce the load on the LDAP server.
+
+ * Sudo is once again able to open the sudoers file when the group
+ on sudoers doesn't match the expected value, so long as the file
+ is not group writable.
+
+ * Sudo now installs an init.d script to clear the time stamp
+ directory at boot time on AIX and HP-UX systems. These systems
+ either lack /var/run or do not clear it on boot.
+
+ * The JSON format used by "visudo -x" now properly supports the
+ negation operator. In addition, the Options object is now the
+ same for both Defaults and Cmnd_Specs.
+
+ * Czech and Serbian translations for sudoers from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Catalan translation for sudo from translationproject.org.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.9p5?
+
+ * Fixed a compilation error on AIX when LDAP support is enabled.
+
+ * Fixed parsing of the "umask" defaults setting in sudoers. Bug #632.
+
+ * Fixed a failed assertion when the "closefrom_override" defaults
+ setting is enabled in sudoers and sudo's -C flag is used. Bug #633.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.9p4?
+
+ * Fixed a bug where sudo could consume large amounts of CPU while
+ the command was running when I/O logging is not enabled. Bug #631
+
+ * Fixed a bug where sudo would exit with an error when the debug
+ level is set to util@debug or all@debug and I/O logging is not
+ enabled. The command would continue running after sudo exited.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.9p3?
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.9 that prevented the tty name
+ from being resolved properly on Linux systems. Bug #630.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.9p2?
+
+ * Updated config.guess, config.sub and libtool to support the ppc64le
+ architecture (IBM PowerPC Little Endian).
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.9p1?
+
+ * Fixed a problem with gcc 4.8's handling of bit fields that could
+ lead to the noexec flag being enabled even when it was not
+ explicitly set.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.9?
+
+ * Reworked sudo's main event loop to use a simple event subsystem
+ using poll(2) or select(2) as the back end.
+
+ * It is now possible to statically compile the sudoers plugin into
+ the sudo binary without disabling shared library support. The
+ sudo.conf file may still be used to configure other plugins.
+
+ * Sudo can now be compiled again with a C preprocessor that does
+ not support variadic macros.
+
+ * Visudo can now export a sudoers file in JSON format using the
+ new -x flag.
+
+ * The locale is now set correctly again for visudo and sudoreplay.
+
+ * The plugin API has been extended to allow the plugin to exclude
+ specific file descriptors from the "closefrom" range.
+
+ * There is now a workaround for a Solaris-specific problem where
+ NOEXEC was overriding traditional root DAC behavior.
+
+ * Add user netgroup filtering for SSSD. Previously, rules for
+ a netgroup were applied to all even when they did not belong
+ to the specified netgroup.
+
+ * On systems with BSD login classes, if the user specified a group
+ (not a user) to run the command as, it was possible to specify
+ a different login class even when the command was not run as the
+ super user.
+
+ * The closefrom() emulation on Mac OS X now uses /dev/fd if possible.
+
+ * Fixed a bug where sudoedit would not update the original file
+ from the temporary when PAM or I/O logging is not enabled.
+
+ * When recycling I/O logs, the log files are now truncated properly.
+
+ * Fixes bugs #617, #621, #622, #623, #624, #625, #626
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.8?
+
+ * Removed a warning on PAM systems with stacked auth modules
+ where the first module on the stack does not succeed.
+
+ * Sudo, sudoreplay and visudo now support GNU-style long options.
+
+ * The -h (--host) option may now be used to specify a host name.
+ This is currently only used by the sudoers plugin in conjunction
+ with the -l (--list) option.
+
+ * Program usage messages and manual SYNOPSIS sections have been
+ simplified.
+
+ * Sudo's LDAP SASL support now works properly with Kerberos.
+ Previously, the SASL library was unable to locate the user's
+ credential cache.
+
+ * It is now possible to set the nproc resource limit to unlimited
+ via pam_limits on Linux (bug #565).
+
+ * New "pam_service" and "pam_login_service" sudoers options
+ that can be used to specify the PAM service name to use.
+
+ * New "pam_session" and "pam_setcred" sudoers options that
+ can be used to disable PAM session and credential support.
+
+ * The sudoers plugin now properly supports UIDs and GIDs
+ that are larger than 0x7fffffff on 32-bit platforms.
+
+ * Fixed a visudo bug introduced in sudo 1.8.7 where per-group
+ Defaults entries would cause an internal error.
+
+ * If the "tty_tickets" sudoers option is enabled (the default),
+ but there is no tty present, sudo will now use a ticket file
+ based on the parent process ID. This makes it possible to support
+ the normal timeout behavior for the session.
+
+ * Fixed a problem running commands that change their process
+ group and then attempt to change the terminal settings when not
+ running the command in a pseudo-terminal. Previously, the process
+ would receive SIGTTOU since it was effectively a background
+ process. Sudo will now grant the child the controlling tty and
+ continue it when this happens.
+
+ * The "closefrom_override" sudoers option may now be used in
+ a command-specified Defaults entry (bug #610).
+
+ * Sudo's BSM audit support now works on Solaris 11.
+
+ * Brazilian Portuguese translation for sudo and sudoers from
+ translationproject.org.
+
+ * Czech translation for sudo from translationproject.org.
+
+ * French translation for sudo from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Sudo's noexec support on Mac OS X 10.4 and above now uses dynamic
+ symbol interposition instead of setting DYLD_FORCE_FLAT_NAMESPACE=1
+ which causes issues with some programs.
+
+ * Fixed visudo's -q (--quiet) flag, broken in sudo 1.8.6.
+
+ * Root may no longer change its SELinux role without entering
+ a password.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in Sudo 1.8.7 where the indexes written
+ to the I/O log timing file are two greater than they should be.
+ Sudoreplay now contains a work-around to parse those files.
+
+ * In sudoreplay's list mode, the "this" qualifier in "fromdate"
+ or "todate" expressions now behaves more sensibly. Previously,
+ it would often match a date that was "one more" than expected.
+ For example, "this week" now matches the current week instead
+ of the following week.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.7?
+
+ * The non-Unix group plugin is now supported when sudoers data
+ is stored in LDAP.
+
+ * Sudo now uses a workaround for a locale bug on Solaris 11.0
+ that prevents setuid programs like sudo from fully using locales.
+
+ * User messages are now always displayed in the user's locale,
+ even when the same message is being logged or mailed in a
+ different locale.
+
+ * Log files created by sudo now explicitly have the group set
+ to group ID 0 rather than relying on BSD group semantics (which
+ may not be the default).
+
+ * A new "exec_background" sudoers option can be used to initially
+ run the command without read access to the terminal when running
+ a command in a pseudo-tty. If the command tries to read from
+ the terminal it will be stopped by the kernel (via SIGTTIN or
+ SIGTTOU) and sudo will immediately restart it as the foreground
+ process (if possible). This allows sudo to only pass terminal
+ input to the program if the program actually is expecting it.
+ Unfortunately, a few poorly-behaved programs (like "su" on most
+ Linux systems) do not handle SIGTTIN and SIGTTOU properly.
+
+ * Sudo now uses an efficient group query to get all the groups
+ for a user instead of iterating over every record in the group
+ database on HP-UX and Solaris.
+
+ * Sudo now produces better error messages when there is an error
+ in the sudo.conf file.
+
+ * Two new settings have been added to sudo.conf to give the admin
+ better control of how group database queries are performed. The
+ "group_source" specifies how the group list for a user will be
+ determined. Legal values are "static" (use the kernel groups
+ list), "dynamic" (perform a group database query) and "adaptive"
+ (only perform a group database query if the kernel list is full).
+ The "max_groups" setting specifies the maximum number of groups
+ a user may belong to when performing a group database query.
+
+ * The sudo.conf file now supports line continuation by using a
+ backslash as the last character on the line.
+
+ * There is now a standalone sudo.conf manual page.
+
+ * Sudo now stores its libexec files in a "sudo" sub-directory instead
+ of in libexec itself. For backwards compatibility, if the plugin
+ is not found in the default plugin directory, sudo will check
+ the parent directory if the default directory ends in "/sudo".
+
+ * The sudoers I/O logging plugin now logs the terminal size.
+
+ * A new sudoers option "maxseq" can be used to limit the number of
+ I/O log entries that are stored.
+
+ * The "system_group" and "group_file" sudoers group provider plugins
+ are now installed by default.
+
+ * The list output (sudo -l) output from the sudoers plugin is now
+ less ambiguous when an entry includes different runas users.
+ The long list output (sudo -ll) for file-based sudoers is now
+ more consistent with the format of LDAP-based sudoers.
+
+ * A UID may now be used in the sudoRunAsUser attributes for LDAP
+ sudoers.
+
+ * Minor plugin API change: the close and version functions are now
+ optional. If the policy plugin does not provide a close function
+ and the command is not being run in a new pseudo-tty, sudo may
+ now execute the command directly instead of in a child process.
+
+ * A new sudoers option "pam_session" can be used to disable sudo's
+ PAM session support.
+
+ * On HP-UX systems, sudo will now use the pstat() function to
+ determine the tty instead of ttyname().
+
+ * Turkish translation for sudo and sudoers from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Dutch translation for sudo and sudoers from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Tivoli Directory Server client libraries may now be used with
+ HP-UX where libibmldap has a hidden dependency on libCsup.
+
+ * The sudoers plugin will now ignore invalid domain names when
+ checking netgroup membership. Most Linux systems use the string
+ "(none)" for the NIS-style domain name instead of an empty string.
+
+ * New support for specifying a SHA-2 digest along with the command
+ in sudoers. Supported hash types are sha224, sha256, sha384 and
+ sha512. See the description of Digest_Spec in the sudoers manual
+ or the description of sudoCommand in the sudoers.ldap manual for
+ details.
+
+ * The paths to ldap.conf and ldap.secret may now be specified as
+ arguments to the sudoers plugin in the sudo.conf file.
+
+ * Fixed potential false positives in visudo's alias cycle detection.
+
+ * Fixed a problem where the time stamp file was being treated
+ as out of date on Linux systems where the change time on the
+ pseudo-tty device node can change after it is allocated.
+
+ * Sudo now only builds Position Independent Executables (PIE)
+ by default on Linux systems and verifies that a trivial test
+ program builds and runs.
+
+ * On Solaris 11.1 and higher, sudo binaries will now have the
+ ASLR tag enabled if supported by the linker.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.6p8?
+
+ * Terminal detection now works properly on 64-bit AIX kernels.
+ This was broken by the removal of the ttyname() fallback in Sudo
+ 1.8.6p6. Sudo is now able to map an AIX 64-bit device number
+ to the corresponding device file in /dev.
+
+ * Sudo now checks for crypt() returning NULL when performing
+ passwd-based authentication.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.6p7?
+
+ * A time stamp file with the date set to the epoch by "sudo -k"
+ is now completely ignored regardless of what the local clock is
+ set to. Previously, if the local clock was set to a value between
+ the epoch and the time stamp timeout value, a time stamp reset
+ by "sudo -k" would be considered current.
+
+ * The tty-specific time stamp file now includes the session ID
+ of the sudo process that created it. If a process with the same
+ tty but a different session ID runs sudo, the user will now be
+ prompted for a password (assuming authentication is required for
+ the command).
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.6p6?
+
+ * On systems where the controlling tty can be determined via /proc
+ or sysctl(), sudo will no longer fall back to using ttyname()
+ if the process has no controlling tty. This prevents sudo from
+ using a non-controlling tty for logging and time stamp purposes.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.6p5?
+
+ * Fixed a potential crash in visudo's alias cycle detection.
+
+ * Improved performance on Solaris when retrieving the group list
+ for the target user. On systems with a large number of groups
+ where the group database is not local (NIS, LDAP, AD), fetching
+ the group list could take a minute or more.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.6p4?
+
+ * The -fstack-protector is now used when linking visudo, sudoreplay
+ and testsudoers.
+
+ * Avoid building PIE binaries on FreeBSD/ia64 as they don't run
+ properly.
+
+ * Fixed a crash in visudo strict mode when an unknown Defaults
+ setting is encountered.
+
+ * Do not inform the user that the command was not permitted by the
+ policy if they do not successfully authenticate. This is a
+ regression introduced in sudo 1.8.6.
+
+ * Allow sudo to be build with sss support without also including
+ ldap support.
+
+ * Fixed running commands that need the terminal in the background
+ when I/O logging is enabled. E.g. "sudo vi &". When the command
+ is foregrounded, it will now resume properly.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.6p3?
+
+ * Fixed post-processing of the man pages on systems with legacy
+ versions of sed.
+
+ * Fixed "sudoreplay -l" on Linux systems with file systems that
+ set DT_UNKNOWN in the d_type field of struct dirent.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.6p2?
+
+ * Fixed suspending a command after it has already been resumed
+ once when I/O logging (or use_pty) is not enabled.
+ This was a regression introduced in version 1.8.6.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.6p1?
+
+ * Fixed the setting of LOGNAME, USER and USERNAME variables in the
+ command's environment when env_reset is enabled (the default).
+ This was a regression introduced in version 1.8.6.
+
+ * Sudo now honors SUCCESS=return in /etc/nsswitch.conf.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.6?
+
+ * Sudo is now built with the -fstack-protector flag if the the
+ compiler supports it. Also, the -zrelro linker flag is used if
+ supported. The --disable-hardening configure option can be used
+ to build sudo without stack smashing protection.
+
+ * Sudo is now built as a Position Independent Executable (PIE)
+ if supported by the compiler and linker.
+
+ * If the user is a member of the "exempt" group in sudoers, they
+ will no longer be prompted for a password even if the -k flag
+ is specified with the command. This makes "sudo -k command"
+ consistent with the behavior one would get if the user ran "sudo
+ -k" immediately before running the command.
+
+ * The sudoers file may now be a symbolic link. Previously, sudo
+ would refuse to read sudoers unless it was a regular file.
+
+ * The sudoreplay command can now properly replay sessions where
+ no tty was present.
+
+ * The sudoers plugin now takes advantage of symbol visibility
+ controls when supported by the compiler or linker. As a result,
+ only a small number of symbols are exported which significantly
+ reduces the chances of a conflict with other shared objects.
+
+ * Improved support for the Tivoli Directory Server LDAP client
+ libraries. This includes support for using LDAP over SSL (ldaps)
+ as well as support for the BIND_TIMELIMIT, TLS_KEY and TLS_CIPHERS
+ ldap.conf options. A new ldap.conf option, TLS_KEYPW can be
+ used to specify a password to decrypt the key database.
+
+ * When constructing a time filter for use with LDAP sudoNotBefore
+ and sudoNotAfter attributes, the current time now includes tenths
+ of a second. This fixes a problem with timed entries on Active
+ Directory.
+
+ * If a user fails to authenticate and the command would be rejected
+ by sudoers, it is now logged with "command not allowed" instead
+ of "N incorrect password attempts". Likewise, the "mail_no_perms"
+ sudoers option now takes precedence over "mail_badpass".
+
+ * The sudo manuals are now formatted using the mdoc macros. Versions
+ using the legacy man macros are provided for systems that lack mdoc.
+
+ * New support for Solaris privilege sets. This makes it possible
+ to specify fine-grained privileges in the sudoers file on Solaris
+ 10 and above. A Runas_Spec that contains no Runas_Lists can be
+ used to give a user the ability to run a command as themselves
+ but with an expanded privilege set.
+
+ * Fixed a problem with the reboot and shutdown commands on some
+ systems (such as HP-UX and BSD). On these systems, reboot sends
+ all processes (except itself) SIGTERM. When sudo received
+ SIGTERM, it would relay it to the reboot process, thus killing
+ reboot before it had a chance to actually reboot the system.
+
+ * Support for using the System Security Services Daemon (SSSD) as
+ a source of sudoers data.
+
+ * Slovenian translation for sudo and sudoers from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Visudo will now warn about unknown Defaults entries that are
+ per-host, per-user, per-runas or per-command.
+
+ * Fixed a race condition that could cause sudo to receive SIGTTOU
+ (and stop) when resuming a shell that was run via sudo when I/O
+ logging (and use_pty) is not enabled.
+
+ * Sending SIGTSTP directly to the sudo process will now suspend the
+ running command when I/O logging (and use_pty) is not enabled.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.5p3?
+
+ * Fixed the loading of I/O plugins that conform to a plugin API
+ version older than 1.2.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.5p2?
+
+ * Fixed use of the SUDO_ASKPASS environment variable which was
+ broken in Sudo 1.8.5.
+
+ * Fixed a problem reading the sudoers file when the file mode is
+ more restrictive than the expected mode. For example, when the
+ expected sudoers file mode is 0440 but the actual mode is 0400.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.5p1?
+
+ * Fixed a bug that prevented files in an include directory from
+ being evaluated.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.5?
+
+ * When "noexec" is enabled, sudo_noexec.so will now be prepended
+ to any existing LD_PRELOAD variable instead of replacing it.
+
+ * The sudo_noexec.so shared library now wraps the execvpe(),
+ exect(), posix_spawn() and posix_spawnp() functions.
+
+ * The user/group/mode checks on sudoers files have been relaxed.
+ As long as the file is owned by the sudoers UID, not world-writable
+ and not writable by a group other than the sudoers GID, the file
+ is considered OK. Note that visudo will still set the mode to
+ the value specified at configure time.
+
+ * It is now possible to specify the sudoers path, UID, GID and
+ file mode as options to the plugin in the sudo.conf file.
+
+ * Croatian, Galician, German, Lithuanian, Swedish and Vietnamese
+ translations from translationproject.org.
+
+ * /etc/environment is no longer read directly on Linux systems
+ when PAM is used. Sudo now merges the PAM environment into the
+ user's environment which is typically set by the pam_env module.
+
+ * The initial evironment created when env_reset is in effect now
+ includes the contents of /etc/environment on AIX systems and the
+ "setenv" and "path" entries from /etc/login.conf on BSD systems.
+
+ * The plugin API has been extended in three ways. First, options
+ specified in sudo.conf after the plugin pathname are passed to
+ the plugin's open function. Second, sudo has limited support
+ for hooks that can be used by plugins. Currently, the hooks are
+ limited to environment handling functions. Third, the init_session
+ policy plugin function is passed a pointer to the user environment
+ which can be updated during session setup. The plugin API version
+ has been incremented to version 1.2. See the sudo_plugin manual
+ for more information.
+
+ * The policy plugin's init_session function is now called by the
+ parent sudo process, not the child process that executes the
+ command. This allows the PAM session to be open and closed in
+ the same process, which some PAM modules require.
+
+ * Fixed parsing of "Path askpass" and "Path noexec" in sudo.conf,
+ which was broken in version 1.8.4.
+
+ * On systems with an SVR4-style /proc file system, the /proc/pid/psinfo
+ file is now uses to determine the controlling terminal, if possible.
+ This allows tty-based tickets to work properly even when, e.g.
+ standard input, output and error are redirected to /dev/null.
+
+ * The output of "sudoreplay -l" is now sorted by file name (or
+ sequence number). Previously, entries were displayed in the
+ order in which they were found on the file system.
+
+ * Sudo now behaves properly when I/O logging is enabled and the
+ controlling terminal is revoked (e.g. the running sshd is killed).
+ Previously, sudo may have exited without calling the I/O plugin's
+ close function which can lead to an incomplete I/O log.
+
+ * Sudo can now detect when a user has logged out and back in again
+ on Solaris 11, just like it can on Solaris 10.
+
+ * The built-in zlib included with Sudo has been upgraded to version
+ 1.2.6.
+
+ * Setting the SSL parameter to start_tls in ldap.conf now works
+ properly when using Mozilla-based SDKs that support the
+ ldap_start_tls_s() function.
+
+ * The TLS_CHECKPEER parameter in ldap.conf now works when the
+ Mozilla NSS crypto back-end is used with OpenLDAP.
+
+ * A new group provider plugin, system_group, is included which
+ performs group look ups by name using the system groups database.
+ This can be used to restore the pre-1.7.3 sudo group lookup
+ behavior.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.4p5?
+
+ * Fixed a bug when matching against an IP address with an associated
+ netmask in the sudoers file. In certain circumstances, this
+ could allow users to run commands on hosts they are not authorized
+ for.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.4p4?
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in Sudo 1.8.4 which prevented "sudo -v"
+ from working.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.4p3?
+
+ * Fixed a crash on FreeBSD when no tty is present.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in Sudo 1.8.4 that allowed users to
+ specify environment variables to set on the command line without
+ having sudo "ALL" permissions or the "SETENV" tag.
+
+ * When visudo is run with the -c (check) option, the sudoers
+ file(s) owner and mode are now also checked unless the -f option
+ was specified.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.4p2?
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in Sudo 1.8.4 where insufficient space
+ was allocated for group IDs in the LDAP filter.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in Sudo 1.8.4 where the path to sudo.conf
+ was "/sudo.conf" instead of "/etc/sudo.conf".
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in Sudo 1.8.4 which could cause a hang
+ when I/O logging is enabled and input is from a pipe or file.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.4p1?
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.8.4 that broke adding to or
+ deleting from the env_keep, env_check and env_delete lists in
+ sudoers on some platforms.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.4?
+
+ * The -D flag in sudo has been replaced with a more general debugging
+ framework that is configured in sudo.conf.
+
+ * Fixed a false positive in visudo strict mode when aliases are
+ in use.
+
+ * Fixed a crash with "sudo -i" when a runas group was specified
+ without a runas user.
+
+ * The line on which a syntax error is reported in the sudoers file
+ is now more accurate. Previously it was often off by a line.
+
+ * Fixed a bug where stack garbage could be printed at the end of
+ the lecture when the "lecture_file" option was enabled.
+
+ * "make install" now honors the LINGUAS environment variable.
+
+ * The #include and #includedir directives in sudoers now support
+ relative paths. If the path is not fully qualified it is expected
+ to be located in the same directory of the sudoers file that is
+ including it.
+
+ * Serbian and Spanish translations for sudo from translationproject.org.
+
+ * LDAP-based sudoers may now access by group ID in addition to
+ group name.
+
+ * visudo will now fix the mode on the sudoers file even if no changes
+ are made unless the -f option is specified.
+
+ * The "use_loginclass" sudoers option works properly again.
+
+ * On systems that use login.conf, "sudo -i" now sets environment
+ variables based on login.conf.
+
+ * For LDAP-based sudoers, values in the search expression are now
+ escaped as per RFC 4515.
+
+ * The plugin close function is now properly called when a login
+ session is killed (as opposed to the actual command being killed).
+ This can happen when an ssh session is disconnected or the
+ terminal window is closed.
+
+ * The deprecated "noexec_file" sudoers option is no longer supported.
+
+ * Fixed a race condition when I/O logging is not enabled that could
+ result in tty-generated signals (e.g. control-C) being received
+ by the command twice.
+
+ * If none of the standard input, output or error are connected to
+ a tty device, sudo will now check its parent's standard input,
+ output or error for the tty name on systems with /proc and BSD
+ systems that support the KERN_PROC_PID sysctl. This allows
+ tty-based tickets to work properly even when, e.g. standard
+ input, output and error are redirected to /dev/null.
+
+ * Added the --enable-kerb5-instance configure option to allow
+ people using Kerberos V authentication to specify a custom
+ instance so the principal name can be, e.g. "username/sudo"
+ similar to how ksu uses "username/root".
+
+ * Fixed a bug where a pattern like "/usr/*" included /usr/bin/ in
+ the results, which would be incorrectly be interpreted as if the
+ sudoers file had specified a directory.
+
+ * "visudo -c" will now list any include files that were checked
+ in addition to the main sudoers file when everything parses OK.
+
+ * Users that only have read-only access to the sudoers file may
+ now run "visudo -c". Previously, write permissions were required
+ even though no writing is down in check-only mode.
+
+ * It is now possible to prevent the disabling of core dumps from
+ within sudo itself by adding a line to the sudo.conf file like
+ "Set disable_coredump false".
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.3p2?
+
+ * Fixed a format string vulnerability when the sudo binary (or a
+ symbolic link to the sudo binary) contains printf format escapes
+ and the -D (debugging) flag is used.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.3p1?
+
+ * Fixed a crash in the monitor process on Solaris when NOPASSWD
+ was specified or when authentication was disabled.
+
+ * Fixed matching of a Runas_Alias in the group section of a
+ Runas_Spec.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.3?
+
+ * Fixed expansion of strftime() escape sequences in the "log_dir"
+ sudoers setting.
+
+ * Esperanto, Italian and Japanese translations from translationproject.org.
+
+ * Sudo will now use PAM by default on AIX 6 and higher.
+
+ * Added --enable-werror configure option for gcc's -Werror flag.
+
+ * Visudo no longer assumes all editors support the +linenumber
+ command line argument. It now uses a whitelist of editors known
+ to support the option.
+
+ * Fixed matching of network addresses when a netmask is specified
+ but the address is not the first one in the CIDR block.
+
+ * The configure script now check whether or not errno.h declares
+ the errno variable. Previously, sudo would always declare errno
+ itself for older systems that don't declare it in errno.h.
+
+ * The NOPASSWD tag is now honored for denied commands too, which
+ matches historic sudo behavior (prior to sudo 1.7.0).
+
+ * Sudo now honors the "DEREF" setting in ldap.conf which controls
+ how alias dereferencing is done during an LDAP search.
+
+ * A symbol conflict with the pam_ssh_agent_auth PAM module that
+ would cause a crash been resolved.
+
+ * The inability to load a group provider plugin is no longer
+ a fatal error.
+
+ * A potential crash in the utmp handling code has been fixed.
+
+ * Two PAM session issues have been resolved. In previous versions
+ of sudo, the PAM session was opened as one user and closed as
+ another. Additionally, if no authentication was performed, the
+ PAM session would never be closed.
+
+ * Sudo will now work correctly with LDAP-based sudoers using TLS
+ or SSL on Debian systems.
+
+ * The LOGNAME, USER and USERNAME environment variables are preserved
+ correctly again in sudoedit mode.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.2?
+
+ * Sudo, visudo, sudoreplay and the sudoers plug-in now have natural
+ language support (NLS). This can be disabled by passing configure
+ the --disable-nls option. Sudo will use gettext(), if available,
+ to display translated messages. All translations are coordinated
+ via The Translation Project, http://translationproject.org/.
+
+ * Plug-ins are now loaded with the RTLD_GLOBAL flag instead of
+ RTLD_LOCAL. This fixes missing symbol problems in PAM modules
+ on certain platforms, such as FreeBSD and SuSE Linux Enterprise.
+
+ * I/O logging is now supported for commands run in background mode
+ (using sudo's -b flag).
+
+ * Group ownership of the sudoers file is now only enforced when
+ the file mode on sudoers allows group readability or writability.
+
+ * Visudo now checks the contents of an alias and warns about cycles
+ when the alias is expanded.
+
+ * If the user specifies a group via sudo's -g option that matches
+ the target user's group in the password database, it is now
+ allowed even if no groups are present in the Runas_Spec.
+
+ * The sudo Makefiles now have more complete dependencies which are
+ automatically generated instead of being maintained manually.
+
+ * The "use_pty" sudoers option is now correctly passed back to the
+ sudo front end. This was missing in previous versions of sudo
+ 1.8 which prevented "use_pty" from being honored.
+
+ * "sudo -i command" now works correctly with the bash version
+ 2.0 and higher. Previously, the .bash_profile would not be
+ sourced prior to running the command unless bash was built with
+ NON_INTERACTIVE_LOGIN_SHELLS defined.
+
+ * When matching groups in the sudoers file, sudo will now match
+ based on the name of the group instead of the group ID. This can
+ substantially reduce the number of group lookups for sudoers
+ files that contain a large number of groups.
+
+ * Multi-factor authentication is now supported on AIX.
+
+ * Added support for non-RFC 4517 compliant LDAP servers that require
+ that seconds be present in a timestamp, such as Tivoli Directory Server.
+
+ * If the group vector is to be preserved, the PATH search for the
+ command is now done with the user's original group vector.
+
+ * For LDAP-based sudoers, the "runas_default" sudoOption now works
+ properly in a sudoRole that contains a sudoCommand.
+
+ * Spaces in command line arguments for "sudo -s" and "sudo -i" are
+ now escaped with a backslash when checking the security policy.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.1p2?
+
+ * Two-character CIDR-style IPv4 netmasks are now matched correctly
+ in the sudoers file.
+
+ * A build error with MIT Kerberos V has been resolved.
+
+ * A crash on HP-UX in the sudoers plugin when wildcards are
+ present in the sudoers file has been resolved.
+
+ * Sudo now works correctly on Tru64 Unix again.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.1p1?
+
+ * Fixed a problem on AIX where sudo was unable to set the final
+ UID if the PAM module modified the effective UID.
+
+ * A non-existent includedir is now treated the same as an empty
+ directory and not reported as an error.
+
+ * Removed extraneous parens in LDAP filter when sudoers_search_filter
+ is enabled that can cause an LDAP search error.
+
+ * Fixed a "make -j" problem for "make install".
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.1?
+
+ * A new LDAP setting, sudoers_search_filter, has been added to
+ ldap.conf. This setting can be used to restrict the set of
+ records returned by the LDAP query. Based on changes from Matthew
+ Thomas.
+
+ * White space is now permitted within a User_List when used in
+ conjunction with a per-user Defaults definition.
+
+ * A group ID (%#GID) may now be specified in a User_List or Runas_List.
+ Likewise, for non-Unix groups the syntax is %:#GID.
+
+ * Support for double-quoted words in the sudoers file has been fixed.
+ The change in 1.7.5 for escaping the double quote character
+ caused the double quoting to only be available at the beginning
+ of an entry.
+
+ * The fix for resuming a suspended shell in 1.7.5 caused problems
+ with resuming non-shells on Linux. Sudo will now save the process
+ group ID of the program it is running on suspend and restore it
+ when resuming, which fixes both problems.
+
+ * A bug that could result in corrupted output in "sudo -l" has been
+ fixed.
+
+ * Sudo will now create an entry in the utmp (or utmpx) file when
+ allocating a pseudo-tty (e.g. when logging I/O). The "set_utmp"
+ and "utmp_runas" sudoers file options can be used to control this.
+ Other policy plugins may use the "set_utmp" and "utmp_user"
+ entries in the command_info list.
+
+ * The sudoers policy now stores the TSID field in the logs
+ even when the "iolog_file" sudoers option is defined to a value
+ other than %{sessid}. Previously, the TSID field was only
+ included in the log file when the "iolog_file" option was set
+ to its default value.
+
+ * The sudoreplay utility now supports arbitrary session IDs.
+ Previously, it would only work with the base-36 session IDs
+ that the sudoers plugin uses by default.
+
+ * Sudo now passes "run_shell=true" to the policy plugin in the
+ settings list when sudo's -s command line option is specified.
+ The sudoers policy plugin uses this to implement the "set_home"
+ sudoers option which was missing from sudo 1.8.0.
+
+ * The "noexec" functionality has been moved out of the sudoers
+ policy plugin and into the sudo front-end, which matches the
+ behavior documented in the plugin writer's guide. As a result,
+ the path to the noexec file is now specified in the sudo.conf
+ file instead of the sudoers file.
+
+ * On Solaris 10, the PRIV_PROC_EXEC privilege is now used to
+ implement the "noexec" feature. Previously, this was implemented
+ via the LD_PRELOAD environment variable.
+
+ * The exit values for "sudo -l", "sudo -v" and "sudo -l command"
+ have been fixed in the sudoers policy plugin.
+
+ * The sudoers policy plugin now passes the login class, if any,
+ back to the sudo front-end.
+
+ * The sudoers policy plugin was not being linked with requisite
+ libraries in certain configurations.
+
+ * Sudo now parses command line arguments before loading any plugins.
+ This allows "sudo -V" or "sudo -h" to work even if there is a problem
+ with sudo.conf
+
+ * Plugins are now linked with the static version of libgcc to allow
+ the plugin to run on a system where no shared libgcc is installed,
+ or where it is installed in a different location.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.8.0?
+
+ * Sudo has been refactored to use a modular framework that can
+ support third-party policy and I/O logging plugins. The default
+ plugin is "sudoers" which provides the traditional sudo functionality.
+ See the sudo_plugin manual for details on the plugin API and the
+ sample in the plugins directory for a simple example.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.5?
+
+ * When using visudo in check mode, a file named "-" may be used to
+ check sudoers data on the standard input.
+
+ * Sudo now only fetches shadow password entries when using the
+ password database directly for authentication.
+
+ * Password and group entries are now cached using the same key
+ that was used to look them up. This fixes a problem when looking
+ up entries by name if the name in the retrieved entry does not
+ match the name used to look it up. This may happen on some systems
+ that do case insensitive lookups or that truncate long names.
+
+ * GCC will no longer display warnings on glibc systems that use
+ the warn_unused_result attribute for write(2) and other system calls.
+
+ * If a PAM account management module denies access, sudo now prints
+ a more useful error message and stops trying to validate the user.
+
+ * Fixed a potential hang on idle systems when the sudo-run process
+ exits immediately.
+
+ * Sudo now includes a copy of zlib that will be used on systems
+ that do not have zlib installed.
+
+ * The --with-umask-override configure flag has been added to enable
+ the "umask_override" sudoers Defaults option at build time.
+
+ * Sudo now unblocks all signals on startup to avoid problems caused
+ by the parent process changing the default signal mask.
+
+ * LDAP Sudoers entries may now specify a time period for which
+ the entry is valid. This requires an updated sudoers schema
+ that includes the sudoNotBefore and sudoNotAfter attributes.
+ Support for timed entries must be explicitly enabled in the
+ ldap.conf file. Based on changes from Andreas Mueller.
+
+ * LDAP Sudoers entries may now specify a sudoOrder attribute that
+ determines the order in which matching entries are applied. The
+ last matching entry is used, just like file-based sudoers. This
+ requires an updated sudoers schema that includes the sudoOrder
+ attribute. Based on changes from Andreas Mueller.
+
+ * When run as sudoedit, or when given the -e flag, sudo now treats
+ command line arguments as pathnames. This means that slashes
+ in the sudoers file entry must explicitly match slashes in
+ the command line arguments. As a result, and entry such as:
+ user ALL = sudoedit /etc/*
+ will allow editing of /etc/motd but not /etc/security/default.
+
+ * NETWORK_TIMEOUT is now an alias for BIND_TIMELIMIT in ldap.conf for
+ compatibility with OpenLDAP configuration files.
+
+ * The LDAP API TIMEOUT parameter is now honored in ldap.conf.
+
+ * The I/O log directory may now be specified in the sudoers file.
+
+ * Sudo will no longer refuse to run if the sudoers file is writable
+ by root.
+
+ * Sudo now performs command line escaping for "sudo -s" and "sudo -i"
+ after validating the command so the sudoers entries do not need
+ to include the backslashes.
+
+ * Logging and email sending are now done in the locale specified
+ by the "sudoers_locale" setting ("C" by default). Email send by
+ sudo now includes MIME headers when "sudoers_locale" is not "C".
+
+ * The configure script has a new option, --disable-env-reset, to
+ allow one to change the default for the sudoers Default setting
+ "env_reset" at compile time.
+
+ * When logging "sudo -l command", sudo will now prepend "list "
+ to the command in the log line to distinguish between an
+ actual command invocation in the logs.
+
+ * Double-quoted group and user names may now include escaped double
+ quotes as part of the name. Previously this was a parse error.
+
+ * Sudo once again restores the state of the signal handlers it
+ modifies before executing the command. This allows sudo to be
+ used with the nohup command.
+
+ * Resuming a suspended shell now works properly when I/O logging
+ is not enabled (the I/O logging case was already correct).
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p6?
+
+ * A bug has been fixed in the I/O logging support that could cause
+ visual artifacts in full-screen programs such as text editors.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p5?
+
+ * A bug has been fixed that would allow a command to be run without the
+ user entering a password when sudo's -g flag is used without the -u flag.
+
+ * If user has no supplementary groups, sudo will now fall back on checking
+ the group file explicitly, which restores historic sudo behavior.
+
+ * A crash has been fixed when sudo's -g flag is used without the -u flag
+ and the sudoers file contains an entry with no runas user or group listed.
+
+ * A crash has been fixed when the Solaris project support is enabled
+ and sudo's -g flag is used without the -u flag.
+
+ * Sudo no longer exits with an error when support for auditing is
+ compiled in but auditing is not enabled.
+
+ * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.7.3 where the ticket file was not
+ being honored when the "targetpw" sudoers Defaults option was enabled.
+
+ * The LOG_INPUT and LOG_OUTPUT tags in sudoers are now parsed correctly.
+
+ * A crash has been fixed in "sudo -l" when sudo is built with auditing
+ support and the user is not allowed to run any commands on the host.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p4?
+
+ * A potential security issue has been fixed with respect to the handling
+ of sudo's -g command line option when -u is also specified. The flaw
+ may allow an attacker to run commands as a user that is not authorized
+ by the sudoers file.
+
+ * A bug has been fixed where "sudo -l" output was incomplete if multiple
+ sudoers sources were defined in nsswitch.conf and there was an error
+ querying one of the sources.
+
+ * The log_input, log_output, and use_pty sudoers options now work correctly
+ on AIX. Previously, sudo would hang if they were enabled.
+
+ * The "make install" target now works correctly when sudo is built in a
+ directory other than the source directory.
+
+ * The "runas_default" sudoers setting now works properly in a per-command
+ Defaults line.
+
+ * Suspending and resuming the bash shell when PAM is in use now works
+ correctly. The SIGCONT signal was not propagated to the child process.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p3?
+
+ * A bug has been fixed where duplicate HOME environment variables could be
+ present when the env_reset setting was disabled and the always_set_home
+ setting was enabled in sudoers.
+
+ * The value of sysconfdir is now substituted into the path to the sudoers.d
+ directory in the installed sudoers file.
+
+ * Compilation problems on IRIX and other platforms have been fixed.
+
+ * If multiple PAM "auth" actions are specified and the user enters ^C at
+ the password prompt, sudo will no longer prompt for a password for any
+ subsequent "auth" actions. Previously it was necessary to enter ^C for
+ each "auth" action.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p2?
+
+ * A bug where sudo could spin in a busy loop waiting for the child process
+ has been fixed.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p1?
+
+ * A bug introduced in sudo 1.7.3 that prevented the -k and -K options from
+ functioning when the tty_tickets sudoers option is enabled has been fixed.
+
+ * Sudo no longer prints a warning when the -k or -K options are specified
+ and the ticket file does not exist.
+
+ * It is now easier to cross-compile sudo.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.4?
+
+ * Sudoedit will now preserve the file extension in the name of the
+ temporary file being edited. The extension is used by some
+ editors (such as emacs) to choose the editing mode.
+
+ * Time stamp files have moved from /var/run/sudo to either /var/db/sudo,
+ /var/lib/sudo or /var/adm/sudo. The directories are checked for
+ existence in that order. This prevents users from receiving the
+ sudo lecture every time the system reboots. Time stamp files older
+ than the boot time are ignored on systems where it is possible to
+ determine this.
+
+ * The tty_tickets sudoers option is now enabled by default.
+
+ * Ancillary documentation (README files, LICENSE, etc) is now installed
+ in a sudo documentation directory.
+
+ * Sudo now recognizes "tls_cacert" as an alias for "tls_cacertfile"
+ in ldap.conf.
+
+ * Defaults settings that are tied to a user, host or command may
+ now include the negation operator. For example:
+ Defaults:!millert lecture
+ will match any user but millert.
+
+ * The default PATH environment variable, used when no PATH variable
+ exists, now includes /usr/sbin and /sbin.
+
+ * Sudo now uses polypkg (http://rc.quest.com/topics/polypkg/)
+ for cross-platform packing.
+
+ * On Linux, sudo will now restore the nproc resource limit before
+ executing a command, unless the limit appears to have been modified
+ by pam_limits. This avoids a problem with bash scripts that open
+ more than 32 descriptors on SuSE Linux, where sysconf(_SC_CHILD_MAX)
+ will return -1 when RLIMIT_NPROC is set to RLIMIT_UNLIMITED (-1).
+
+ * The HOME and MAIL environment variables are now reset based on the
+ target user's password database entry when the env_reset sudoers option
+ is enabled (which is the case in the default configuration). Users
+ wishing to preserve the original values should use a sudoers entry like:
+ Defaults env_keep += HOME
+ to preserve the old value of HOME and
+ Defaults env_keep += MAIL
+ to preserve the old value of MAIL.
+
+ * Fixed a problem in the restoration of the AIX authdb registry setting.
+
+ * Sudo will now fork(2) and wait until the command has completed before
+ calling pam_close_session().
+
+ * The default syslog facility is now "authpriv" if the operating system
+ supports it, else "auth".
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.3?
+
+ * Support for logging I/O for the command being run.
+ For more information, see the documentation for the "log_input"
+ and "log_output" Defaults options in the sudoers manual. Also
+ see the sudoreplay manual for how to replay I/O log sessions.
+
+ * The use_pty sudoers option can be used to force a command to be
+ run in a pseudo-pty, even when I/O logging is not enabled.
+
+ * On some systems, sudo can now detect when a user has logged out
+ and back in again when tty-based time stamps are in use. Supported
+ systems include Solaris systems with the devices file system,
+ Mac OS X, and Linux systems with the devpts filesystem (pseudo-ttys
+ only).
+
+ * On AIX systems, the registry setting in /etc/security/user is
+ now taken into account when looking up users and groups. Sudo
+ now applies the correct the user and group ids when running a
+ command as a user whose account details come from a different
+ source (e.g. LDAP or DCE vs. local files).
+
+ * Support for multiple 'sudoers_base' and 'uri' entries in ldap.conf.
+ When multiple entries are listed, sudo will try each one in the
+ order in which they are specified.
+
+ * Sudo's SELinux support should now function correctly when running
+ commands as a non-root user and when one of stdin, stdout or stderr
+ is not a terminal.
+
+ * Sudo will now use the Linux audit system with configure with
+ the --with-linux-audit flag.
+
+ * Sudo now uses mbr_check_membership() on systems that support it
+ to determine group membership. Currently, only Darwin (Mac OS X)
+ supports this.
+
+ * When the tty_tickets sudoers option is enabled but there is no
+ terminal device, sudo will no longer use or create a tty-based
+ ticket file. Previously, sudo would use a tty name of "unknown".
+ As a consequence, if a user has no terminal device, sudo will
+ now always prompt for a password.
+
+ * The passwd_timeout and timestamp_timeout options may now be
+ specified as floating point numbers for more granular timeout
+ values.
+
+ * Negating the fqdn option in sudoers now works correctly when sudo
+ is configured with the --with-fqdn option. In previous versions
+ of sudo the fqdn was set before sudoers was parsed.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.2?
+
+ * A new #includedir directive is available in sudoers. This can be
+ used to implement an /etc/sudo.d directory. Files in an includedir
+ are not edited by visudo unless they contain a syntax error.
+
+ * The -g option did not work properly when only setting the group
+ (and not the user). Also, in -l mode the wrong user was displayed
+ for sudoers entries where only the group was allowed to be set.
+
+ * Fixed a problem with the alias checking in visudo which
+ could prevent visudo from exiting.
+
+ * Sudo will now correctly parse the shell-style /etc/environment
+ file format used by pam_env on Linux.
+
+ * When doing password and group database lookups, sudo will only
+ cache an entry by name or by id, depending on how the entry was
+ looked up. Previously, sudo would cache by both name and id
+ from a single lookup, but this breaks sites that have multiple
+ password or group database names that map to the same UID or
+ GID.
+
+ * User and group names in sudoers may now be enclosed in double
+ quotes to avoid having to escape special characters.
+
+ * BSM audit fixes when changing to a non-root UID.
+
+ * Experimental non-Unix group support. Currently only works with
+ Quest Authorization Services and allows Active Directory groups
+ fixes for Minix-3.
+
+ * For Netscape/Mozilla-derived LDAP SDKs the certificate and key
+ paths may be specified as a directory or a file. However, version
+ 5.0 of the SDK only appears to support using a directory (despite
+ documentation to the contrary). If SSL client initialization
+ fails and the certificate or key paths look like they could be
+ default file name, strip off the last path element and try again.
+
+ * A setenv() compatibility fix for Linux systems, where a NULL
+ value is treated the same as an empty string and the variable
+ name is checked against the NULL pointer.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.1?
+
+ * A new Defaults option "pwfeedback" will cause sudo to provide visual
+ feedback when the user is entering a password.
+
+ * A new Defaults option "fast_glob" will cause sudo to use the fnmatch()
+ function for file name globbing instead of glob(). When this option
+ is enabled, sudo will not check the file system when expanding wildcards.
+ This is faster but a side effect is that relative paths with wildcard
+ will no longer work.
+
+ * New BSM audit support for systems that support it such as FreeBSD
+ and Mac OS X.
+
+ * The file name specified with the #include directive may now include
+ a %h escape which is expanded to the short form of hostname.
+
+ * The -k flag may now be specified along with a command, causing the
+ user's timestamp file to be ignored.
+
+ * New support for Tivoli-based LDAP START_TLS, present in AIX.
+
+ * New support for /etc/netsvc.conf on AIX.
+
+ * The unused alias checks in visudo now handle the case of an alias
+ referring to another alias.
+
+What's new in Sudo 1.7.0?
+
+ * Rewritten parser that converts sudoers into a set of data structures.
+ This eliminates a number of ordering issues and makes it possible to
+ apply sudoers Defaults entries before searching for the command.
+ It also adds support for per-command Defaults specifications.
+
+ * Sudoers now supports a #include facility to allow the inclusion of other
+ sudoers-format files.
+
+ * Sudo's -l (list) flag has been enhanced:
+ o applicable Defaults options are now listed
+ o a command argument can be specified for testing whether a user
+ may run a specific command.
+ o a new -U flag can be used in conjunction with "sudo -l" to allow
+ root (or a user with "sudo ALL") list another user's privileges.
+
+ * A new -g flag has been added to allow the user to specify a
+ primary group to run the command as. The sudoers syntax has been
+ extended to include a group section in the Runas specification.
+
+ * A UID may now be used anywhere a username is valid.
+
+ * The "secure_path" run-time Defaults option has been restored.
+
+ * Password and group data is now cached for fast lookups.
+
+ * The file descriptor at which sudo starts closing all open files is now
+ configurable via sudoers and, optionally, the command line.
+
+ * Visudo will now warn about aliases that are defined but not used.
+
+ * The -i and -s command line flags now take an optional command
+ to be run via the shell. Previously, the argument was passed
+ to the shell as a script to run.
+
+ * Improved LDAP support. SASL authentication may now be used in
+ conjunction when connecting to an LDAP server. The krb5_ccname
+ parameter in ldap.conf may be used to enable Kerberos.
+
+ * Support for /etc/nsswitch.conf. LDAP users may now use nsswitch.conf
+ to specify the sudoers order. E.g.:
+ sudoers: ldap files
+ to check LDAP, then /etc/sudoers. The default is "files", even
+ when LDAP support is compiled in. This differs from sudo 1.6
+ where LDAP was always consulted first.
+
+ * Support for /etc/environment on AIX and Linux. If sudo is run
+ with the -i flag, the contents of /etc/environment are used to
+ populate the new environment that is passed to the command being
+ run.
+
+ * If no terminal is available or if the new -A flag is specified,
+ sudo will use a helper program to read the password if one is
+ configured. Typically, this is a graphical password prompter
+ such as ssh-askpass.
+
+ * A new Defaults option, "mailfrom" that sets the value of the
+ "From:" field in the warning/error mail. If unspecified, the
+ login name of the invoking user is used.
+
+ * A new Defaults option, "env_file" that refers to a file containing
+ environment variables to be set in the command being run.
+
+ * A new flag, -n, may be used to indicate that sudo should not
+ prompt the user for a password and, instead, exit with an error
+ if authentication is required.
+
+ * If sudo needs to prompt for a password and it is unable to disable
+ echo (and no askpass program is defined), it will refuse to run
+ unless the "visiblepw" Defaults option has been specified.
+
+ * Prior to version 1.7.0, hitting enter/return at the Password: prompt
+ would exit sudo. In sudo 1.7.0 and beyond, this is treated as
+ an empty password. To exit sudo, the user must press ^C or ^D
+ at the prompt.
+
+ * visudo will now check the sudoers file owner and mode in -c (check)
+ mode when the -s (strict) flag is specified.
+
+ * A new Defaults option "umask_override" will cause sudo to set the
+ umask specified in sudoers even if it is more permissive than the
+ invoking user's umask.