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-rw-r--r--src/analyze/analyze-security.c2086
-rw-r--r--src/analyze/analyze-security.h12
-rw-r--r--src/analyze/analyze-verify.c287
-rw-r--r--src/analyze/analyze-verify.h12
-rw-r--r--src/analyze/analyze.c2053
-rw-r--r--src/analyze/meson.build9
6 files changed, 4459 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/analyze/analyze-security.c b/src/analyze/analyze-security.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a007ed1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/analyze/analyze-security.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2086 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
+
+#include <sched.h>
+#include <sys/utsname.h>
+
+#include "analyze-security.h"
+#include "bus-error.h"
+#include "bus-unit-util.h"
+#include "bus-util.h"
+#include "env-util.h"
+#include "format-table.h"
+#include "in-addr-util.h"
+#include "locale-util.h"
+#include "macro.h"
+#include "missing.h"
+#include "parse-util.h"
+#include "path-util.h"
+#include "pretty-print.h"
+#if HAVE_SECCOMP
+# include "seccomp-util.h"
+#endif
+#include "set.h"
+#include "stdio-util.h"
+#include "strv.h"
+#include "terminal-util.h"
+#include "unit-def.h"
+#include "unit-name.h"
+
+struct security_info {
+ char *id;
+ char *type;
+ char *load_state;
+ char *fragment_path;
+ bool default_dependencies;
+
+ uint64_t ambient_capabilities;
+ uint64_t capability_bounding_set;
+
+ char *user;
+ char **supplementary_groups;
+ bool dynamic_user;
+
+ bool ip_address_deny_all;
+ bool ip_address_allow_localhost;
+ bool ip_address_allow_other;
+
+ char *keyring_mode;
+ bool lock_personality;
+ bool memory_deny_write_execute;
+ bool no_new_privileges;
+ char *notify_access;
+
+ bool private_devices;
+ bool private_mounts;
+ bool private_network;
+ bool private_tmp;
+ bool private_users;
+
+ bool protect_control_groups;
+ bool protect_kernel_modules;
+ bool protect_kernel_tunables;
+
+ char *protect_home;
+ char *protect_system;
+
+ bool remove_ipc;
+
+ bool restrict_address_family_inet;
+ bool restrict_address_family_unix;
+ bool restrict_address_family_netlink;
+ bool restrict_address_family_packet;
+ bool restrict_address_family_other;
+
+ uint64_t restrict_namespaces;
+ bool restrict_realtime;
+
+ char *root_directory;
+ char *root_image;
+
+ bool delegate;
+ char *device_policy;
+ bool device_allow_non_empty;
+
+ char **system_call_architectures;
+
+ bool system_call_filter_whitelist;
+ Set *system_call_filter;
+
+ uint32_t _umask;
+};
+
+struct security_assessor {
+ const char *id;
+ const char *description_good;
+ const char *description_bad;
+ const char *description_na;
+ const char *url;
+ uint64_t weight;
+ uint64_t range;
+ int (*assess)(const struct security_assessor *a, const struct security_info *info, const void *data, uint64_t *ret_badness, char **ret_description);
+ size_t offset;
+ uint64_t parameter;
+ bool default_dependencies_only;
+};
+
+static void security_info_free(struct security_info *i) {
+ if (!i)
+ return;
+
+ free(i->id);
+ free(i->type);
+ free(i->load_state);
+ free(i->fragment_path);
+
+ free(i->user);
+
+ free(i->protect_home);
+ free(i->protect_system);
+
+ free(i->root_directory);
+ free(i->root_image);
+
+ free(i->keyring_mode);
+ free(i->notify_access);
+
+ free(i->device_policy);
+
+ strv_free(i->supplementary_groups);
+ strv_free(i->system_call_architectures);
+
+ set_free_free(i->system_call_filter);
+}
+
+static bool security_info_runs_privileged(const struct security_info *i) {
+ assert(i);
+
+ if (STRPTR_IN_SET(i->user, "0", "root"))
+ return true;
+
+ if (i->dynamic_user)
+ return false;
+
+ return isempty(i->user);
+}
+
+static int assess_bool(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ const bool *b = data;
+
+ assert(b);
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ *ret_badness = a->parameter ? *b : !*b;
+ *ret_description = NULL;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_user(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
+ uint64_t b;
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ if (streq_ptr(info->user, NOBODY_USER_NAME)) {
+ d = strdup("Service runs under as '" NOBODY_USER_NAME "' user, which should not be used for services");
+ b = 9;
+ } else if (info->dynamic_user && !STR_IN_SET(info->user, "0", "root")) {
+ d = strdup("Service runs under a transient non-root user identity");
+ b = 0;
+ } else if (info->user && !STR_IN_SET(info->user, "0", "root", "")) {
+ d = strdup("Service runs under a static non-root user identity");
+ b = 0;
+ } else {
+ *ret_badness = 10;
+ *ret_description = NULL;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ if (!d)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ *ret_badness = b;
+ *ret_description = TAKE_PTR(d);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_protect_home(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ const char *description;
+ uint64_t badness;
+ char *copy;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ badness = 10;
+ description = "Service has full access to home directories";
+
+ r = parse_boolean(info->protect_home);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ if (streq_ptr(info->protect_home, "read-only")) {
+ badness = 5;
+ description = "Service has read-only access to home directories";
+ } else if (streq_ptr(info->protect_home, "tmpfs")) {
+ badness = 1;
+ description = "Service has access to fake empty home directories";
+ }
+ } else if (r > 0) {
+ badness = 0;
+ description = "Service has no access to home directories";
+ }
+
+ copy = strdup(description);
+ if (!copy)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ *ret_badness = badness;
+ *ret_description = copy;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_protect_system(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ const char *description;
+ uint64_t badness;
+ char *copy;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ badness = 10;
+ description = "Service has full access to the OS file hierarchy";
+
+ r = parse_boolean(info->protect_system);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ if (streq_ptr(info->protect_system, "full")) {
+ badness = 3;
+ description = "Service has very limited write access to the OS file hierarchy";
+ } else if (streq_ptr(info->protect_system, "strict")) {
+ badness = 0;
+ description = "Service has strict read-only access to the OS file hierarchy";
+ }
+ } else if (r > 0) {
+ badness = 5;
+ description = "Service has limited write access to the OS file hierarchy";
+ }
+
+ copy = strdup(description);
+ if (!copy)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ *ret_badness = badness;
+ *ret_description = copy;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_root_directory(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ *ret_badness =
+ (isempty(info->root_directory) ||
+ path_equal(info->root_directory, "/")) &&
+ (isempty(info->root_image) ||
+ path_equal(info->root_image, "/"));
+ *ret_description = NULL;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_capability_bounding_set(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ *ret_badness = !!(info->capability_bounding_set & a->parameter);
+ *ret_description = NULL;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_umask(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ char *copy = NULL;
+ const char *d;
+ uint64_t b;
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ if (!FLAGS_SET(info->_umask, 0002)) {
+ d = "Files created by service are world-writable by default";
+ b = 10;
+ } else if (!FLAGS_SET(info->_umask, 0004)) {
+ d = "Files created by service are world-readable by default";
+ b = 5;
+ } else if (!FLAGS_SET(info->_umask, 0020)) {
+ d = "Files created by service are group-writable by default";
+ b = 2;
+ } else if (!FLAGS_SET(info->_umask, 0040)) {
+ d = "Files created by service are group-readable by default";
+ b = 1;
+ } else {
+ d = "Files created by service are accessible only by service's own user by default";
+ b = 0;
+ }
+
+ copy = strdup(d);
+ if (!copy)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ *ret_badness = b;
+ *ret_description = copy;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_keyring_mode(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ *ret_badness = !streq_ptr(info->keyring_mode, "private");
+ *ret_description = NULL;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_notify_access(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ *ret_badness = streq_ptr(info->notify_access, "all");
+ *ret_description = NULL;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_remove_ipc(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ if (security_info_runs_privileged(info))
+ *ret_badness = UINT64_MAX;
+ else
+ *ret_badness = !info->remove_ipc;
+
+ *ret_description = NULL;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_supplementary_groups(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ if (security_info_runs_privileged(info))
+ *ret_badness = UINT64_MAX;
+ else
+ *ret_badness = !strv_isempty(info->supplementary_groups);
+
+ *ret_description = NULL;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_restrict_namespaces(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ *ret_badness = !!(info->restrict_namespaces & a->parameter);
+ *ret_description = NULL;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_system_call_architectures(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ char *d;
+ uint64_t b;
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ if (strv_isempty(info->system_call_architectures)) {
+ b = 10;
+ d = strdup("Service may execute system calls with all ABIs");
+ } else if (strv_equal(info->system_call_architectures, STRV_MAKE("native"))) {
+ b = 0;
+ d = strdup("Service may execute system calls only with native ABI");
+ } else {
+ b = 8;
+ d = strdup("Service may execute system calls with multiple ABIs");
+ }
+
+ if (!d)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ *ret_badness = b;
+ *ret_description = d;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#if HAVE_SECCOMP
+
+static bool syscall_names_in_filter(Set *s, bool whitelist, const SyscallFilterSet *f) {
+ const char *syscall;
+
+ NULSTR_FOREACH(syscall, f->value) {
+ int id;
+
+ if (syscall[0] == '@') {
+ const SyscallFilterSet *g;
+
+ assert_se(g = syscall_filter_set_find(syscall));
+ if (syscall_names_in_filter(s, whitelist, g))
+ return true; /* bad! */
+
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* Let's see if the system call actually exists on this platform, before complaining */
+ id = seccomp_syscall_resolve_name(syscall);
+ if (id < 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (set_contains(s, syscall) == whitelist) {
+ log_debug("Offending syscall filter item: %s", syscall);
+ return true; /* bad! */
+ }
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+static int assess_system_call_filter(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ const SyscallFilterSet *f;
+ char *d = NULL;
+ uint64_t b;
+
+ assert(a);
+ assert(info);
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ assert(a->parameter < _SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_MAX);
+ f = syscall_filter_sets + a->parameter;
+
+ if (!info->system_call_filter_whitelist && set_isempty(info->system_call_filter)) {
+ d = strdup("Service does not filter system calls");
+ b = 10;
+ } else {
+ bool bad;
+
+ log_debug("Analyzing system call filter, checking against: %s", f->name);
+ bad = syscall_names_in_filter(info->system_call_filter, info->system_call_filter_whitelist, f);
+ log_debug("Result: %s", bad ? "bad" : "good");
+
+ if (info->system_call_filter_whitelist) {
+ if (bad) {
+ (void) asprintf(&d, "System call whitelist defined for service, and %s is included", f->name);
+ b = 9;
+ } else {
+ (void) asprintf(&d, "System call whitelist defined for service, and %s is not included", f->name);
+ b = 0;
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (bad) {
+ (void) asprintf(&d, "System call blacklist defined for service, and %s is not included", f->name);
+ b = 10;
+ } else {
+ (void) asprintf(&d, "System call blacklist defined for service, and %s is included", f->name);
+ b = 5;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!d)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ *ret_badness = b;
+ *ret_description = d;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static int assess_ip_address_allow(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ char *d = NULL;
+ uint64_t b;
+
+ assert(info);
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ if (!info->ip_address_deny_all) {
+ d = strdup("Service does not define an IP address whitelist");
+ b = 10;
+ } else if (info->ip_address_allow_other) {
+ d = strdup("Service defines IP address whitelist with non-localhost entries");
+ b = 5;
+ } else if (info->ip_address_allow_localhost) {
+ d = strdup("Service defines IP address whitelits with only localhost entries");
+ b = 2;
+ } else {
+ d = strdup("Service blocks all IP address ranges");
+ b = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (!d)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ *ret_badness = b;
+ *ret_description = d;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_device_allow(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ char *d = NULL;
+ uint64_t b;
+
+ assert(info);
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ if (STRPTR_IN_SET(info->device_policy, "strict", "closed")) {
+
+ if (info->device_allow_non_empty) {
+ d = strdup("Service has a device ACL with some special devices");
+ b = 5;
+ } else {
+ d = strdup("Service has a minimal device ACL");
+ b = 0;
+ }
+ } else {
+ d = strdup("Service has no device ACL");
+ b = 10;
+ }
+
+ if (!d)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ *ret_badness = b;
+ *ret_description = d;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int assess_ambient_capabilities(
+ const struct security_assessor *a,
+ const struct security_info *info,
+ const void *data,
+ uint64_t *ret_badness,
+ char **ret_description) {
+
+ assert(ret_badness);
+ assert(ret_description);
+
+ *ret_badness = info->ambient_capabilities != 0;
+ *ret_description = NULL;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct security_assessor security_assessor_table[] = {
+ {
+ .id = "User=/DynamicUser=",
+ .description_bad = "Service runs as root user",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#User=",
+ .weight = 2000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_user,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SupplementaryGroups=",
+ .description_good = "Service has no supplementary groups",
+ .description_bad = "Service runs with supplementary groups",
+ .description_na = "Service runs as root, option does not matter",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SupplementaryGroups=",
+ .weight = 200,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_supplementary_groups,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "PrivateDevices=",
+ .description_good = "Service has no access to hardware devices",
+ .description_bad = "Service potentially has access to hardware devices",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#PrivateDevices=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, private_devices),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "PrivateMounts=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot install system mounts",
+ .description_bad = "Service may install system mounts",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#PrivateMounts=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, private_mounts),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "PrivateNetwork=",
+ .description_good = "Service has no access to the host's network",
+ .description_bad = "Service has access to the host's network",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#PrivateNetwork=",
+ .weight = 2500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, private_network),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "PrivateTmp=",
+ .description_good = "Service has no access to other software's temporary files",
+ .description_bad = "Service has access to other software's temporary files",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#PrivateTmp=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, private_tmp),
+ .default_dependencies_only = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "PrivateUsers=",
+ .description_good = "Service does not have access to other users",
+ .description_bad = "Service has access to other users",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#PrivateUsers=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, private_users),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "ProtectControlGroups=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot modify the control group file system",
+ .description_bad = "Service may modify to the control group file system",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectControlGroups=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, protect_control_groups),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "ProtectKernelModules=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot load or read kernel modules",
+ .description_bad = "Service may load or read kernel modules",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectKernelModules=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, protect_kernel_modules),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "ProtectKernelTunables=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot alter kernel tunables (/proc/sys, …)",
+ .description_bad = "Service may alter kernel tunables",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectKernelTunables=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, protect_kernel_tunables),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "ProtectHome=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectHome=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_protect_home,
+ .default_dependencies_only = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "ProtectSystem=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#ProtectSystem=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_protect_system,
+ .default_dependencies_only = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RootDirectory=/RootImage=",
+ .description_good = "Service has its own root directory/image",
+ .description_bad = "Service runs within the host's root directory",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RootDirectory=",
+ .weight = 200,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_root_directory,
+ .default_dependencies_only = true,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "LockPersonality=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot change ABI personality",
+ .description_bad = "Service may change ABI personality",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#LockPersonality=",
+ .weight = 100,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, lock_personality),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "MemoryDenyWriteExecute=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot create writable executable memory mappings",
+ .description_bad = "Service may create writable executable memory mappings",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#MemoryDenyWriteExecute=",
+ .weight = 100,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, memory_deny_write_execute),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "NoNewPrivileges=",
+ .description_good = "Service processes cannot acquire new privileges",
+ .description_bad = "Service processes may acquire new privileges",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#NoNewPrivileges=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, no_new_privileges),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_ADMIN",
+ .description_good = "Service has no administrator privileges",
+ .description_bad = "Service has administrator privileges",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 1500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_ADMIN,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SET(UID|GID|PCAP)",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot change UID/GID identities/capabilities",
+ .description_bad = "Service may change UID/GID identities/capabilities",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 1500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SETUID)|
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SETGID)|
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SETPCAP),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_PTRACE",
+ .description_good = "Service has no ptrace() debugging abilities",
+ .description_bad = "Service has ptrace() debugging abilities",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 1500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_PTRACE),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_TIME",
+ .description_good = "Service processes cannot change the system clock",
+ .description_bad = "Service processes may change the system clock",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_TIME,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_NET_ADMIN",
+ .description_good = "Service has no network configuration privileges",
+ .description_bad = "Service has network configuration privileges",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_ADMIN),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_RAWIO",
+ .description_good = "Service has no raw I/O access",
+ .description_bad = "Service has raw I/O access",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_RAWIO),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_MODULE",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot load kernel modules",
+ .description_bad = "Service may load kernel modules",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_MODULE),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_AUDIT_*",
+ .description_good = "Service has no audit subsystem access",
+ .description_bad = "Service has audit subsystem access",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_AUDIT_READ) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_AUDIT_WRITE),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYSLOG",
+ .description_good = "Service has no access to kernel logging",
+ .description_bad = "Service has access to kernel logging",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYSLOG),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_(NICE|RESOURCE)",
+ .description_good = "Service has no privileges to change resource use parameters",
+ .description_bad = "Service has privileges to change resource use parameters",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_NICE) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_RESOURCE),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_MKNOD",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot create device nodes",
+ .description_bad = "Service may create device nodes",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_MKNOD),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_(CHOWN|FSETID|SETFCAP)",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot change file ownership/access mode/capabilities",
+ .description_bad = "Service may change file ownership/access mode/capabilities unrestricted",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_CHOWN) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_FSETID) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SETFCAP),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_(DAC_*|FOWNER|IPC_OWNER)",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot override UNIX file/IPC permission checks",
+ .description_bad = "Service may override UNIX file/IPC permission checks",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_DAC_READ_SEARCH) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_FOWNER) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_IPC_OWNER),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_KILL",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot send UNIX signals to arbitrary processes",
+ .description_bad = "Service may send UNIX signals to arbitrary processes",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_KILL),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_NET_(BIND_SERVICE|BROADCAST|RAW)",
+ .description_good = "Service has no elevated networking privileges",
+ .description_bad = "Service has elevated networking privileges",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_BROADCAST) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_NET_RAW),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_BOOT",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot issue reboot()",
+ .description_bad = "Service may issue reboot()",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 100,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_BOOT),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_MAC_*",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot adjust SMACK MAC",
+ .description_bad = "Service may adjust SMACK MAC",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 100,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_MAC_ADMIN)|
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_MAC_OVERRIDE),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot mark files immutable",
+ .description_bad = "Service may mark files immutable",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 75,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_IPC_LOCK",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot lock memory into RAM",
+ .description_bad = "Service may lock memory into RAM",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 50,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_IPC_LOCK),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_CHROOT",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot issue chroot()",
+ .description_bad = "Service may issue chroot()",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 50,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_CHROOT),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_BLOCK_SUSPEND",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot establish wake locks",
+ .description_bad = "Service may establish wake locks",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 25,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_BLOCK_SUSPEND),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_WAKE_ALARM",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot program timers that wake up the system",
+ .description_bad = "Service may program timers that wake up the system",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 25,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_WAKE_ALARM),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_LEASE",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot create file leases",
+ .description_bad = "Service may create file leases",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 25,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_LEASE),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot issue vhangup()",
+ .description_bad = "Service may issue vhangup()",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 25,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "CapabilityBoundingSet=~CAP_SYS_PACCT",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot use acct()",
+ .description_bad = "Service may use acct()",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#CapabilityBoundingSet=",
+ .weight = 25,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_capability_bounding_set,
+ .parameter = (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_PACCT),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "UMask=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#UMask=",
+ .weight = 100,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_umask,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "KeyringMode=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#KeyringMode=",
+ .description_good = "Service doesn't share key material with other services",
+ .description_bad = "Service shares key material with other service",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_keyring_mode,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "NotifyAccess=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#NotifyAccess=",
+ .description_good = "Service child processes cannot alter service state",
+ .description_bad = "Service child processes may alter service state",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_notify_access,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RemoveIPC=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RemoveIPC=",
+ .description_good = "Service user cannot leave SysV IPC objects around",
+ .description_bad = "Service user may leave SysV IPC objects around",
+ .description_na = "Service runs as root, option does not apply",
+ .weight = 100,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_remove_ipc,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, remove_ipc),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "Delegate=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#Delegate=",
+ .description_good = "Service does not maintain its own delegated control group subtree",
+ .description_bad = "Service maintains its own delegated control group subtree",
+ .weight = 100,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, delegate),
+ .parameter = true, /* invert! */
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictRealtime=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictRealtime=",
+ .description_good = "Service realtime scheduling access is restricted",
+ .description_bad = "Service may acquire realtime scheduling",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, restrict_realtime),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~CLONE_NEWUSER",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot create user namespaces",
+ .description_bad = "Service may create user namespaces",
+ .weight = 1500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
+ .parameter = CLONE_NEWUSER,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~CLONE_NEWNS",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot create file system namespaces",
+ .description_bad = "Service may create file system namespaces",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
+ .parameter = CLONE_NEWNS,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~CLONE_NEWIPC",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot create IPC namespaces",
+ .description_bad = "Service may create IPC namespaces",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
+ .parameter = CLONE_NEWIPC,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~CLONE_NEWPID",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot create process namespaces",
+ .description_bad = "Service may create process namespaces",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
+ .parameter = CLONE_NEWPID,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~CLONE_NEWCGROUP",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot create cgroup namespaces",
+ .description_bad = "Service may create cgroup namespaces",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
+ .parameter = CLONE_NEWCGROUP,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~CLONE_NEWNET",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot create network namespaces",
+ .description_bad = "Service may create network namespaces",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
+ .parameter = CLONE_NEWNET,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictNamespaces=~CLONE_NEWUTS",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictNamespaces=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot create hostname namespaces",
+ .description_bad = "Service may create hostname namespaces",
+ .weight = 100,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_restrict_namespaces,
+ .parameter = CLONE_NEWUTS,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictAddressFamilies=~AF_(INET|INET6)",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictAddressFamilies=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot allocate Internet sockets",
+ .description_bad = "Service may allocate Internet sockets",
+ .weight = 1500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, restrict_address_family_inet),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictAddressFamilies=~AF_UNIX",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictAddressFamilies=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot allocate local sockets",
+ .description_bad = "Service may allocate local sockets",
+ .weight = 25,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, restrict_address_family_unix),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictAddressFamilies=~AF_NETLINK",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictAddressFamilies=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot allocate netlink sockets",
+ .description_bad = "Service may allocate netlink sockets",
+ .weight = 200,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, restrict_address_family_netlink),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictAddressFamilies=~AF_PACKET",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictAddressFamilies=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot allocate packet sockets",
+ .description_bad = "Service may allocate packet sockets",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, restrict_address_family_packet),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "RestrictAddressFamilies=~…",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#RestrictAddressFamilies=",
+ .description_good = "Service cannot allocate exotic sockets",
+ .description_bad = "Service may allocate exotic sockets",
+ .weight = 1250,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_bool,
+ .offset = offsetof(struct security_info, restrict_address_family_other),
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallArchitectures=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallArchitectures=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_architectures,
+ },
+#if HAVE_SECCOMP
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@swap",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_SWAP,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@obsolete",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 250,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_OBSOLETE,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@clock",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_CLOCK,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@cpu-emulation",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 250,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_CPU_EMULATION,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@debug",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_DEBUG,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@mount",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_MOUNT,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@module",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_MODULE,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@raw-io",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_RAW_IO,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@reboot",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_REBOOT,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@privileged",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 700,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_PRIVILEGED,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "SystemCallFilter=~@resources",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#SystemCallFilter=",
+ .weight = 700,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_system_call_filter,
+ .parameter = SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_RESOURCES,
+ },
+#endif
+ {
+ .id = "IPAddressDeny=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#IPAddressDeny=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_ip_address_allow,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "DeviceAllow=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#DeviceAllow=",
+ .weight = 1000,
+ .range = 10,
+ .assess = assess_device_allow,
+ },
+ {
+ .id = "AmbientCapabilities=",
+ .url = "https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#AmbientCapabilities=",
+ .description_good = "Service process does not receive ambient capabilities",
+ .description_bad = "Service process receives ambient capabilities",
+ .weight = 500,
+ .range = 1,
+ .assess = assess_ambient_capabilities,
+ },
+};
+
+static int assess(const struct security_info *info, Table *overview_table, AnalyzeSecurityFlags flags) {
+ static const struct {
+ uint64_t exposure;
+ const char *name;
+ const char *color;
+ SpecialGlyph smiley;
+ } badness_table[] = {
+ { 100, "DANGEROUS", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED, SPECIAL_GLYPH_DEPRESSED_SMILEY },
+ { 90, "UNSAFE", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_RED, SPECIAL_GLYPH_UNHAPPY_SMILEY },
+ { 75, "EXPOSED", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_YELLOW, SPECIAL_GLYPH_SLIGHTLY_UNHAPPY_SMILEY },
+ { 50, "MEDIUM", NULL, SPECIAL_GLYPH_NEUTRAL_SMILEY },
+ { 10, "OK", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN, SPECIAL_GLYPH_SLIGHTLY_HAPPY_SMILEY },
+ { 1, "SAFE", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN, SPECIAL_GLYPH_HAPPY_SMILEY },
+ { 0, "PERFECT", ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_GREEN, SPECIAL_GLYPH_ECSTATIC_SMILEY },
+ };
+
+ uint64_t badness_sum = 0, weight_sum = 0, exposure;
+ _cleanup_(table_unrefp) Table *details_table = NULL;
+ size_t i;
+ int r;
+
+ if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, ANALYZE_SECURITY_SHORT)) {
+ details_table = table_new(" ", "name", "description", "weight", "badness", "range", "exposure");
+ if (!details_table)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ (void) table_set_sort(details_table, 3, 1, (size_t) -1);
+ (void) table_set_reverse(details_table, 3, true);
+
+ if (getenv_bool("SYSTEMD_ANALYZE_DEBUG") <= 0)
+ (void) table_set_display(details_table, 0, 1, 2, 6, (size_t) -1);
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(security_assessor_table); i++) {
+ const struct security_assessor *a = security_assessor_table + i;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *d = NULL;
+ uint64_t badness;
+ void *data;
+
+ data = (uint8_t*) info + a->offset;
+
+ if (a->default_dependencies_only && !info->default_dependencies) {
+ badness = UINT64_MAX;
+ d = strdup("Service runs in special boot phase, option does not apply");
+ if (!d)
+ return log_oom();
+ } else {
+ r = a->assess(a, info, data, &badness, &d);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ assert(a->range > 0);
+
+ if (badness != UINT64_MAX) {
+ assert(badness <= a->range);
+
+ badness_sum += DIV_ROUND_UP(badness * a->weight, a->range);
+ weight_sum += a->weight;
+ }
+
+ if (details_table) {
+ const char *checkmark, *description, *color = NULL;
+ TableCell *cell;
+
+ if (badness == UINT64_MAX) {
+ checkmark = " ";
+ description = a->description_na;
+ color = NULL;
+ } else if (badness == a->range) {
+ checkmark = special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_CROSS_MARK);
+ description = a->description_bad;
+ color = ansi_highlight_red();
+ } else if (badness == 0) {
+ checkmark = special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_CHECK_MARK);
+ description = a->description_good;
+ color = ansi_highlight_green();
+ } else {
+ checkmark = special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_CROSS_MARK);
+ description = NULL;
+ color = ansi_highlight_red();
+ }
+
+ if (d)
+ description = d;
+
+ r = table_add_cell_full(details_table, &cell, TABLE_STRING, checkmark, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+ if (color)
+ (void) table_set_color(details_table, cell, color);
+
+ r = table_add_cell(details_table, &cell, TABLE_STRING, a->id);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+ if (a->url)
+ (void) table_set_url(details_table, cell, a->url);
+
+ r = table_add_cell(details_table, NULL, TABLE_STRING, description);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+
+ r = table_add_cell(details_table, &cell, TABLE_UINT64, &a->weight);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+ (void) table_set_align_percent(details_table, cell, 100);
+
+ r = table_add_cell(details_table, &cell, TABLE_UINT64, &badness);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+ (void) table_set_align_percent(details_table, cell, 100);
+
+ r = table_add_cell(details_table, &cell, TABLE_UINT64, &a->range);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+ (void) table_set_align_percent(details_table, cell, 100);
+
+ r = table_add_cell(details_table, &cell, TABLE_EMPTY, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+ (void) table_set_align_percent(details_table, cell, 100);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (details_table) {
+ size_t row;
+
+ for (row = 1; row < table_get_rows(details_table); row++) {
+ char buf[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t) + 1 + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t) + 1];
+ const uint64_t *weight, *badness, *range;
+ TableCell *cell;
+ uint64_t x;
+
+ assert_se(weight = table_get_at(details_table, row, 3));
+ assert_se(badness = table_get_at(details_table, row, 4));
+ assert_se(range = table_get_at(details_table, row, 5));
+
+ if (*badness == UINT64_MAX || *badness == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ assert_se(cell = table_get_cell(details_table, row, 6));
+
+ x = DIV_ROUND_UP(DIV_ROUND_UP(*badness * *weight * 100U, *range), weight_sum);
+ xsprintf(buf, "%" PRIu64 ".%" PRIu64, x / 10, x % 10);
+
+ r = table_update(details_table, cell, TABLE_STRING, buf);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to update cell in table: %m");
+ }
+
+ r = table_print(details_table, stdout);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to output table: %m");
+ }
+
+ assert(weight_sum > 0);
+ exposure = DIV_ROUND_UP(badness_sum * 100U, weight_sum);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(badness_table); i++)
+ if (exposure >= badness_table[i].exposure)
+ break;
+
+ assert(i < ELEMENTSOF(badness_table));
+
+ if (details_table) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *clickable = NULL;
+ const char *name;
+
+ /* If we shall output the details table, also print the brief summary underneath */
+
+ if (info->fragment_path) {
+ r = terminal_urlify_path(info->fragment_path, info->id, &clickable);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ name = clickable;
+ } else
+ name = info->id;
+
+ printf("\n%s %sOverall exposure level for %s%s: %s%" PRIu64 ".%" PRIu64 " %s%s %s\n",
+ special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ARROW),
+ ansi_highlight(),
+ name,
+ ansi_normal(),
+ colors_enabled() ? strempty(badness_table[i].color) : "",
+ exposure / 10, exposure % 10,
+ badness_table[i].name,
+ ansi_normal(),
+ special_glyph(badness_table[i].smiley));
+ }
+
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ if (overview_table) {
+ char buf[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t) + 1 + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t) + 1];
+ TableCell *cell;
+
+ r = table_add_cell(overview_table, &cell, TABLE_STRING, info->id);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+ if (info->fragment_path) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *url = NULL;
+
+ r = file_url_from_path(info->fragment_path, &url);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate URL from path: %m");
+
+ (void) table_set_url(overview_table, cell, url);
+ }
+
+ xsprintf(buf, "%" PRIu64 ".%" PRIu64, exposure / 10, exposure % 10);
+ r = table_add_cell(overview_table, &cell, TABLE_STRING, buf);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+ (void) table_set_align_percent(overview_table, cell, 100);
+
+ r = table_add_cell(overview_table, &cell, TABLE_STRING, badness_table[i].name);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+ (void) table_set_color(overview_table, cell, strempty(badness_table[i].color));
+
+ r = table_add_cell(overview_table, NULL, TABLE_STRING, special_glyph(badness_table[i].smiley));
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add cell to table: %m");
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int property_read_restrict_address_families(
+ sd_bus *bus,
+ const char *member,
+ sd_bus_message *m,
+ sd_bus_error *error,
+ void *userdata) {
+
+ struct security_info *info = userdata;
+ int whitelist, r;
+
+ assert(bus);
+ assert(member);
+ assert(m);
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'r', "bas");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "b", &whitelist);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ info->restrict_address_family_inet =
+ info->restrict_address_family_unix =
+ info->restrict_address_family_netlink =
+ info->restrict_address_family_packet =
+ info->restrict_address_family_other = whitelist;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "s");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ const char *name;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &name);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ if (r == 0)
+ break;
+
+ if (STR_IN_SET(name, "AF_INET", "AF_INET6"))
+ info->restrict_address_family_inet = !whitelist;
+ else if (streq(name, "AF_UNIX"))
+ info->restrict_address_family_unix = !whitelist;
+ else if (streq(name, "AF_NETLINK"))
+ info->restrict_address_family_netlink = !whitelist;
+ else if (streq(name, "AF_PACKET"))
+ info->restrict_address_family_packet = !whitelist;
+ else
+ info->restrict_address_family_other = !whitelist;
+ }
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+}
+
+static int property_read_system_call_filter(
+ sd_bus *bus,
+ const char *member,
+ sd_bus_message *m,
+ sd_bus_error *error,
+ void *userdata) {
+
+ struct security_info *info = userdata;
+ int whitelist, r;
+
+ assert(bus);
+ assert(member);
+ assert(m);
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'r', "bas");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "b", &whitelist);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ info->system_call_filter_whitelist = whitelist;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "s");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ const char *name;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &name);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ if (r == 0)
+ break;
+
+ r = set_ensure_allocated(&info->system_call_filter, &string_hash_ops);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = set_put_strdup(info->system_call_filter, name);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+}
+
+static int property_read_ip_address_allow(
+ sd_bus *bus,
+ const char *member,
+ sd_bus_message *m,
+ sd_bus_error *error,
+ void *userdata) {
+
+ struct security_info *info = userdata;
+ bool deny_ipv4 = false, deny_ipv6 = false;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(bus);
+ assert(member);
+ assert(m);
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "(iayu)");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ const void *data;
+ size_t size;
+ int32_t family;
+ uint32_t prefixlen;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'r', "iayu");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ if (r == 0)
+ break;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "i", &family);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read_array(m, 'y', &data, &size);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "u", &prefixlen);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (streq(member, "IPAddressAllow")) {
+ union in_addr_union u;
+
+ if (family == AF_INET && size == 4 && prefixlen == 8)
+ memcpy(&u.in, data, size);
+ else if (family == AF_INET6 && size == 16 && prefixlen == 128)
+ memcpy(&u.in6, data, size);
+ else {
+ info->ip_address_allow_other = true;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (in_addr_is_localhost(family, &u))
+ info->ip_address_allow_localhost = true;
+ else
+ info->ip_address_allow_other = true;
+ } else {
+ assert(streq(member, "IPAddressDeny"));
+
+ if (family == AF_INET && size == 4 && prefixlen == 0)
+ deny_ipv4 = true;
+ else if (family == AF_INET6 && size == 16 && prefixlen == 0)
+ deny_ipv6 = true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ info->ip_address_deny_all = deny_ipv4 && deny_ipv6;
+
+ return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+}
+
+static int property_read_device_allow(
+ sd_bus *bus,
+ const char *member,
+ sd_bus_message *m,
+ sd_bus_error *error,
+ void *userdata) {
+
+ struct security_info *info = userdata;
+ size_t n = 0;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(bus);
+ assert(member);
+ assert(m);
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "(ss)");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ const char *name, *policy;
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(m, "(ss)", &name, &policy);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ if (r == 0)
+ break;
+
+ n++;
+ }
+
+ info->device_allow_non_empty = n > 0;
+
+ return sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
+}
+
+static int acquire_security_info(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, struct security_info *info, AnalyzeSecurityFlags flags) {
+
+ static const struct bus_properties_map security_map[] = {
+ { "AmbientCapabilities", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, ambient_capabilities) },
+ { "CapabilityBoundingSet", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, capability_bounding_set) },
+ { "DefaultDependencies", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, default_dependencies) },
+ { "Delegate", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, delegate) },
+ { "DeviceAllow", "a(ss)", property_read_device_allow, 0 },
+ { "DevicePolicy", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, device_policy) },
+ { "DynamicUser", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, dynamic_user) },
+ { "FragmentPath", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, fragment_path) },
+ { "IPAddressAllow", "a(iayu)", property_read_ip_address_allow, 0 },
+ { "IPAddressDeny", "a(iayu)", property_read_ip_address_allow, 0 },
+ { "Id", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, id) },
+ { "KeyringMode", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, keyring_mode) },
+ { "LoadState", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, load_state) },
+ { "LockPersonality", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, lock_personality) },
+ { "MemoryDenyWriteExecute", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, memory_deny_write_execute) },
+ { "NoNewPrivileges", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, no_new_privileges) },
+ { "NotifyAccess", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, notify_access) },
+ { "PrivateDevices", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, private_devices) },
+ { "PrivateMounts", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, private_mounts) },
+ { "PrivateNetwork", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, private_network) },
+ { "PrivateTmp", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, private_tmp) },
+ { "PrivateUsers", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, private_users) },
+ { "ProtectControlGroups", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, protect_control_groups) },
+ { "ProtectHome", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, protect_home) },
+ { "ProtectKernelModules", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, protect_kernel_modules) },
+ { "ProtectKernelTunables", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, protect_kernel_tunables) },
+ { "ProtectSystem", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, protect_system) },
+ { "RemoveIPC", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, remove_ipc) },
+ { "RestrictAddressFamilies", "(bas)", property_read_restrict_address_families, 0 },
+ { "RestrictNamespaces", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, restrict_namespaces) },
+ { "RestrictRealtime", "b", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, restrict_realtime) },
+ { "RootDirectory", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, root_directory) },
+ { "RootImage", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, root_image) },
+ { "SupplementaryGroups", "as", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, supplementary_groups) },
+ { "SystemCallArchitectures", "as", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, system_call_architectures) },
+ { "SystemCallFilter", "(as)", property_read_system_call_filter, 0 },
+ { "Type", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, type) },
+ { "UMask", "u", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, _umask) },
+ { "User", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct security_info, user) },
+ {}
+ };
+
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ /* Note: this mangles *info on failure! */
+
+ assert(bus);
+ assert(name);
+ assert(info);
+
+ path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(name);
+ if (!path)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = bus_map_all_properties(bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ path,
+ security_map,
+ BUS_MAP_STRDUP|BUS_MAP_BOOLEAN_AS_BOOL,
+ &error,
+ NULL,
+ info);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get unit properties: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ if (!streq_ptr(info->load_state, "loaded")) {
+
+ if (FLAGS_SET(flags, ANALYZE_SECURITY_ONLY_LOADED))
+ return -EMEDIUMTYPE;
+
+ if (streq_ptr(info->load_state, "not-found"))
+ log_error("Unit %s not found, cannot analyze.", name);
+ else if (streq_ptr(info->load_state, "masked"))
+ log_error("Unit %s is masked, cannot analyze.", name);
+ else
+ log_error("Unit %s not loaded properly, cannot analyze.", name);
+
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (FLAGS_SET(flags, ANALYZE_SECURITY_ONLY_LONG_RUNNING) && streq_ptr(info->type, "oneshot"))
+ return -EMEDIUMTYPE;
+
+ if (info->private_devices ||
+ info->private_tmp ||
+ info->protect_control_groups ||
+ info->protect_kernel_tunables ||
+ info->protect_kernel_modules ||
+ !streq_ptr(info->protect_home, "no") ||
+ !streq_ptr(info->protect_system, "no") ||
+ info->root_image)
+ info->private_mounts = true;
+
+ if (info->protect_kernel_modules)
+ info->capability_bounding_set &= ~(UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_MODULE);
+
+ if (info->private_devices)
+ info->capability_bounding_set &= ~((UINT64_C(1) << CAP_MKNOD) |
+ (UINT64_C(1) << CAP_SYS_RAWIO));
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int analyze_security_one(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, Table* overview_table, AnalyzeSecurityFlags flags) {
+ _cleanup_(security_info_free) struct security_info info = {
+ .default_dependencies = true,
+ .capability_bounding_set = UINT64_MAX,
+ .restrict_namespaces = UINT64_MAX,
+ ._umask = 0002,
+ };
+ int r;
+
+ assert(bus);
+ assert(name);
+
+ r = acquire_security_info(bus, name, &info, flags);
+ if (r == -EMEDIUMTYPE) /* Ignore this one because not loaded or Type is oneshot */
+ return 0;
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = assess(&info, overview_table, flags);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int analyze_security(sd_bus *bus, char **units, AnalyzeSecurityFlags flags) {
+ _cleanup_(table_unrefp) Table *overview_table = NULL;
+ int ret = 0, r;
+
+ assert(bus);
+
+ if (strv_length(units) != 1) {
+ overview_table = table_new("unit", "exposure", "predicate", "happy");
+ if (!overview_table)
+ return log_oom();
+ }
+
+ if (strv_isempty(units)) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **list = NULL;
+ size_t allocated = 0, n = 0;
+ char **i;
+
+ r = sd_bus_call_method(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "ListUnits",
+ &error, &reply,
+ NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to list units: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "(ssssssouso)");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ for (;;) {
+ UnitInfo info;
+ char *copy = NULL;
+
+ r = bus_parse_unit_info(reply, &info);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+ if (r == 0)
+ break;
+
+ if (!endswith(info.id, ".service"))
+ continue;
+
+ if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(list, allocated, n+2))
+ return log_oom();
+
+ copy = strdup(info.id);
+ if (!copy)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ list[n++] = copy;
+ list[n] = NULL;
+ }
+
+ strv_sort(list);
+
+ flags |= ANALYZE_SECURITY_SHORT|ANALYZE_SECURITY_ONLY_LOADED|ANALYZE_SECURITY_ONLY_LONG_RUNNING;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(i, list) {
+ r = analyze_security_one(bus, *i, overview_table, flags);
+ if (r < 0 && ret >= 0)
+ ret = r;
+ }
+
+ } else {
+ char **i;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(i, units) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *mangled = NULL, *instance = NULL;
+ const char *name;
+
+ if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, ANALYZE_SECURITY_SHORT) && i != units) {
+ putc('\n', stdout);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+
+ r = unit_name_mangle_with_suffix(*i, 0, ".service", &mangled);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to mangle unit name '%s': %m", *i);
+
+ if (!endswith(mangled, ".service")) {
+ log_error("Unit %s is not a service unit, refusing.", *i);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ if (unit_name_is_valid(mangled, UNIT_NAME_TEMPLATE)) {
+ r = unit_name_replace_instance(mangled, "test-instance", &instance);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ name = instance;
+ } else
+ name = mangled;
+
+ r = analyze_security_one(bus, name, overview_table, flags);
+ if (r < 0 && ret >= 0)
+ ret = r;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (overview_table) {
+ if (!FLAGS_SET(flags, ANALYZE_SECURITY_SHORT)) {
+ putc('\n', stdout);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+
+ r = table_print(overview_table, stdout);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to output table: %m");
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
diff --git a/src/analyze/analyze-security.h b/src/analyze/analyze-security.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c00ae7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/analyze/analyze-security.h
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
+#pragma once
+
+#include "sd-bus.h"
+
+typedef enum AnalyzeSecurityFlags {
+ ANALYZE_SECURITY_SHORT = 1 << 0,
+ ANALYZE_SECURITY_ONLY_LOADED = 1 << 1,
+ ANALYZE_SECURITY_ONLY_LONG_RUNNING = 1 << 2,
+} AnalyzeSecurityFlags;
+
+int analyze_security(sd_bus *bus, char **units, AnalyzeSecurityFlags flags);
diff --git a/src/analyze/analyze-verify.c b/src/analyze/analyze-verify.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d8a1ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/analyze/analyze-verify.c
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include "alloc-util.h"
+#include "all-units.h"
+#include "analyze-verify.h"
+#include "bus-error.h"
+#include "bus-util.h"
+#include "log.h"
+#include "manager.h"
+#include "pager.h"
+#include "path-util.h"
+#include "strv.h"
+#include "unit-name.h"
+
+static int prepare_filename(const char *filename, char **ret) {
+ int r;
+ const char *name;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *abspath = NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *dir = NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *with_instance = NULL;
+ char *c;
+
+ assert(filename);
+ assert(ret);
+
+ r = path_make_absolute_cwd(filename, &abspath);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ name = basename(abspath);
+ if (!unit_name_is_valid(name, UNIT_NAME_ANY))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ if (unit_name_is_valid(name, UNIT_NAME_TEMPLATE)) {
+ r = unit_name_replace_instance(name, "i", &with_instance);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ dir = dirname_malloc(abspath);
+ if (!dir)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ c = path_join(dir, with_instance ?: name);
+ if (!c)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ *ret = c;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int generate_path(char **var, char **filenames) {
+ const char *old;
+ char **filename;
+
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **ans = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(filename, filenames) {
+ char *t;
+
+ t = dirname_malloc(*filename);
+ if (!t)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ r = strv_consume(&ans, t);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ assert_se(strv_uniq(ans));
+
+ /* First, prepend our directories. Second, if some path was specified, use that, and
+ * otherwise use the defaults. Any duplicates will be filtered out in path-lookup.c.
+ * Treat explicit empty path to mean that nothing should be appended.
+ */
+ old = getenv("SYSTEMD_UNIT_PATH");
+ if (!streq_ptr(old, "")) {
+ if (!old)
+ old = ":";
+
+ r = strv_extend(&ans, old);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ *var = strv_join(ans, ":");
+ if (!*var)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int verify_socket(Unit *u) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(u);
+
+ if (u->type != UNIT_SOCKET)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Cannot run this without the service being around */
+
+ /* This makes sure instance is created if necessary. */
+ r = socket_instantiate_service(SOCKET(u));
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_unit_error_errno(u, r, "Socket cannot be started, failed to create instance: %m");
+
+ /* This checks both type of sockets */
+ if (UNIT_ISSET(SOCKET(u)->service)) {
+ Service *service;
+
+ service = SERVICE(UNIT_DEREF(SOCKET(u)->service));
+ log_unit_debug(u, "Using %s", UNIT(service)->id);
+
+ if (UNIT(service)->load_state != UNIT_LOADED) {
+ log_unit_error(u, "Service %s not loaded, %s cannot be started.", UNIT(service)->id, u->id);
+ return -ENOENT;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int verify_executable(Unit *u, ExecCommand *exec) {
+ if (!exec)
+ return 0;
+
+ if (access(exec->path, X_OK) < 0)
+ return log_unit_error_errno(u, errno, "Command %s is not executable: %m", exec->path);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int verify_executables(Unit *u) {
+ ExecCommand *exec;
+ int r = 0, k;
+ unsigned i;
+
+ assert(u);
+
+ exec = u->type == UNIT_SOCKET ? SOCKET(u)->control_command :
+ u->type == UNIT_MOUNT ? MOUNT(u)->control_command :
+ u->type == UNIT_SWAP ? SWAP(u)->control_command : NULL;
+ k = verify_executable(u, exec);
+ if (k < 0 && r == 0)
+ r = k;
+
+ if (u->type == UNIT_SERVICE)
+ for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(SERVICE(u)->exec_command); i++) {
+ k = verify_executable(u, SERVICE(u)->exec_command[i]);
+ if (k < 0 && r == 0)
+ r = k;
+ }
+
+ if (u->type == UNIT_SOCKET)
+ for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(SOCKET(u)->exec_command); i++) {
+ k = verify_executable(u, SOCKET(u)->exec_command[i]);
+ if (k < 0 && r == 0)
+ r = k;
+ }
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int verify_documentation(Unit *u, bool check_man) {
+ char **p;
+ int r = 0, k;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(p, u->documentation) {
+ log_unit_debug(u, "Found documentation item: %s", *p);
+
+ if (check_man && startswith(*p, "man:")) {
+ k = show_man_page(*p + 4, true);
+ if (k != 0) {
+ if (k < 0)
+ log_unit_error_errno(u, k, "Can't show %s: %m", *p + 4);
+ else {
+ log_unit_error(u, "Command 'man %s' failed with code %d", *p + 4, k);
+ k = -ENOEXEC;
+ }
+ if (r == 0)
+ r = k;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Check remote URLs? */
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+static int verify_unit(Unit *u, bool check_man) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error err = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ int r, k;
+
+ assert(u);
+
+ if (DEBUG_LOGGING)
+ unit_dump(u, stdout, "\t");
+
+ log_unit_debug(u, "Creating %s/start job", u->id);
+ r = manager_add_job(u->manager, JOB_START, u, JOB_REPLACE, &err, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_unit_error_errno(u, r, "Failed to create %s/start: %s", u->id, bus_error_message(&err, r));
+
+ k = verify_socket(u);
+ if (k < 0 && r == 0)
+ r = k;
+
+ k = verify_executables(u);
+ if (k < 0 && r == 0)
+ r = k;
+
+ k = verify_documentation(u, check_man);
+ if (k < 0 && r == 0)
+ r = k;
+
+ return r;
+}
+
+int verify_units(char **filenames, UnitFileScope scope, bool check_man, bool run_generators) {
+ const ManagerTestRunFlags flags =
+ MANAGER_TEST_RUN_BASIC |
+ MANAGER_TEST_RUN_ENV_GENERATORS |
+ run_generators * MANAGER_TEST_RUN_GENERATORS;
+
+ _cleanup_(manager_freep) Manager *m = NULL;
+ Unit *units[strv_length(filenames)];
+ _cleanup_free_ char *var = NULL;
+ int r = 0, k, i, count = 0;
+ char **filename;
+
+ if (strv_isempty(filenames))
+ return 0;
+
+ /* set the path */
+ r = generate_path(&var, filenames);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate unit load path: %m");
+
+ assert_se(set_unit_path(var) >= 0);
+
+ r = manager_new(scope, flags, &m);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to initialize manager: %m");
+
+ log_debug("Starting manager...");
+
+ r = manager_startup(m, NULL, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ manager_clear_jobs(m);
+
+ log_debug("Loading remaining units from the command line...");
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(filename, filenames) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *prepared = NULL;
+
+ log_debug("Handling %s...", *filename);
+
+ k = prepare_filename(*filename, &prepared);
+ if (k < 0) {
+ log_error_errno(k, "Failed to prepare filename %s: %m", *filename);
+ if (r == 0)
+ r = k;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ k = manager_load_startable_unit_or_warn(m, NULL, prepared, &units[count]);
+ if (k < 0 && r == 0)
+ r = k;
+ else
+ count++;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ k = verify_unit(units[i], check_man);
+ if (k < 0 && r == 0)
+ r = k;
+ }
+
+ return r;
+}
diff --git a/src/analyze/analyze-verify.h b/src/analyze/analyze-verify.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f6b7f54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/analyze/analyze-verify.h
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+#include "path-lookup.h"
+
+int verify_units(
+ char **filenames,
+ UnitFileScope scope,
+ bool check_man,
+ bool run_generators);
diff --git a/src/analyze/analyze.c b/src/analyze/analyze.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3915b66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/analyze/analyze.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2053 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */
+/***
+ Copyright © 2013 Simon Peeters
+***/
+
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include "sd-bus.h"
+
+#include "alloc-util.h"
+#include "analyze-security.h"
+#include "analyze-verify.h"
+#include "build.h"
+#include "bus-error.h"
+#include "bus-unit-util.h"
+#include "bus-util.h"
+#include "calendarspec.h"
+#include "conf-files.h"
+#include "copy.h"
+#include "def.h"
+#include "fd-util.h"
+#include "fileio.h"
+#include "glob-util.h"
+#include "hashmap.h"
+#include "locale-util.h"
+#include "log.h"
+#include "main-func.h"
+#include "pager.h"
+#include "parse-util.h"
+#include "path-util.h"
+#include "pretty-print.h"
+#if HAVE_SECCOMP
+# include "seccomp-util.h"
+#endif
+#include "special.h"
+#include "strv.h"
+#include "strxcpyx.h"
+#include "time-util.h"
+#include "terminal-util.h"
+#include "unit-name.h"
+#include "util.h"
+#include "verbs.h"
+
+#define SCALE_X (0.1 / 1000.0) /* pixels per us */
+#define SCALE_Y (20.0)
+
+#define svg(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__)
+
+#define svg_bar(class, x1, x2, y) \
+ svg(" <rect class=\"%s\" x=\"%.03f\" y=\"%.03f\" width=\"%.03f\" height=\"%.03f\" />\n", \
+ (class), \
+ SCALE_X * (x1), SCALE_Y * (y), \
+ SCALE_X * ((x2) - (x1)), SCALE_Y - 1.0)
+
+#define svg_text(b, x, y, format, ...) \
+ do { \
+ svg(" <text class=\"%s\" x=\"%.03f\" y=\"%.03f\">", (b) ? "left" : "right", SCALE_X * (x) + (b ? 5.0 : -5.0), SCALE_Y * (y) + 14.0); \
+ svg(format, ## __VA_ARGS__); \
+ svg("</text>\n"); \
+ } while (false)
+
+static enum dot {
+ DEP_ALL,
+ DEP_ORDER,
+ DEP_REQUIRE
+} arg_dot = DEP_ALL;
+static char** arg_dot_from_patterns = NULL;
+static char** arg_dot_to_patterns = NULL;
+static usec_t arg_fuzz = 0;
+static PagerFlags arg_pager_flags = 0;
+static BusTransport arg_transport = BUS_TRANSPORT_LOCAL;
+static const char *arg_host = NULL;
+static UnitFileScope arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
+static bool arg_man = true;
+static bool arg_generators = false;
+static const char *arg_root = NULL;
+
+STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_dot_from_patterns, strv_freep);
+STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_dot_to_patterns, strv_freep);
+
+struct boot_times {
+ usec_t firmware_time;
+ usec_t loader_time;
+ usec_t kernel_time;
+ usec_t kernel_done_time;
+ usec_t initrd_time;
+ usec_t userspace_time;
+ usec_t finish_time;
+ usec_t security_start_time;
+ usec_t security_finish_time;
+ usec_t generators_start_time;
+ usec_t generators_finish_time;
+ usec_t unitsload_start_time;
+ usec_t unitsload_finish_time;
+ usec_t initrd_security_start_time;
+ usec_t initrd_security_finish_time;
+ usec_t initrd_generators_start_time;
+ usec_t initrd_generators_finish_time;
+ usec_t initrd_unitsload_start_time;
+ usec_t initrd_unitsload_finish_time;
+
+ /*
+ * If we're analyzing the user instance, all timestamps will be offset
+ * by its own start-up timestamp, which may be arbitrarily big.
+ * With "plot", this causes arbitrarily wide output SVG files which almost
+ * completely consist of empty space. Thus we cancel out this offset.
+ *
+ * This offset is subtracted from times above by acquire_boot_times(),
+ * but it still needs to be subtracted from unit-specific timestamps
+ * (so it is stored here for reference).
+ */
+ usec_t reverse_offset;
+};
+
+struct unit_times {
+ bool has_data;
+ char *name;
+ usec_t activating;
+ usec_t activated;
+ usec_t deactivated;
+ usec_t deactivating;
+ usec_t time;
+};
+
+struct host_info {
+ char *hostname;
+ char *kernel_name;
+ char *kernel_release;
+ char *kernel_version;
+ char *os_pretty_name;
+ char *virtualization;
+ char *architecture;
+};
+
+static int acquire_bus(sd_bus **bus, bool *use_full_bus) {
+ bool user = arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
+ int r;
+
+ if (use_full_bus && *use_full_bus) {
+ r = bus_connect_transport(arg_transport, arg_host, user, bus);
+ if (IN_SET(r, 0, -EHOSTDOWN))
+ return r;
+
+ *use_full_bus = false;
+ }
+
+ return bus_connect_transport_systemd(arg_transport, arg_host, user, bus);
+}
+
+static int bus_get_uint64_property(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, const char *interface, const char *property, uint64_t *val) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(bus);
+ assert(path);
+ assert(interface);
+ assert(property);
+ assert(val);
+
+ r = sd_bus_get_property_trivial(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ path,
+ interface,
+ property,
+ &error,
+ 't', val);
+
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse reply: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int bus_get_unit_property_strv(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, const char *property, char ***strv) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(bus);
+ assert(path);
+ assert(property);
+ assert(strv);
+
+ r = sd_bus_get_property_strv(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ path,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
+ property,
+ &error,
+ strv);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get unit property %s: %s", property, bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int compare_unit_time(const struct unit_times *a, const struct unit_times *b) {
+ return CMP(b->time, a->time);
+}
+
+static int compare_unit_start(const struct unit_times *a, const struct unit_times *b) {
+ return CMP(a->activating, b->activating);
+}
+
+static void unit_times_free(struct unit_times *t) {
+ struct unit_times *p;
+
+ for (p = t; p->has_data; p++)
+ free(p->name);
+ free(t);
+}
+
+DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(struct unit_times *, unit_times_free);
+
+static void subtract_timestamp(usec_t *a, usec_t b) {
+ assert(a);
+
+ if (*a > 0) {
+ assert(*a >= b);
+ *a -= b;
+ }
+}
+
+static int acquire_boot_times(sd_bus *bus, struct boot_times **bt) {
+ static const struct bus_properties_map property_map[] = {
+ { "FirmwareTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, firmware_time) },
+ { "LoaderTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, loader_time) },
+ { "KernelTimestamp", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, kernel_time) },
+ { "InitRDTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, initrd_time) },
+ { "UserspaceTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, userspace_time) },
+ { "FinishTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, finish_time) },
+ { "SecurityStartTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, security_start_time) },
+ { "SecurityFinishTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, security_finish_time) },
+ { "GeneratorsStartTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, generators_start_time) },
+ { "GeneratorsFinishTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, generators_finish_time) },
+ { "UnitsLoadStartTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, unitsload_start_time) },
+ { "UnitsLoadFinishTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, unitsload_finish_time) },
+ { "InitRDSecurityStartTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, initrd_security_start_time) },
+ { "InitRDSecurityFinishTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, initrd_security_finish_time) },
+ { "InitRDGeneratorsStartTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, initrd_generators_start_time) },
+ { "InitRDGeneratorsFinishTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, initrd_generators_finish_time) },
+ { "InitRDUnitsLoadStartTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, initrd_unitsload_start_time) },
+ { "InitRDUnitsLoadFinishTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct boot_times, initrd_unitsload_finish_time) },
+ {},
+ };
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ static struct boot_times times;
+ static bool cached = false;
+ int r;
+
+ if (cached)
+ goto finish;
+
+ assert_cc(sizeof(usec_t) == sizeof(uint64_t));
+
+ r = bus_map_all_properties(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ property_map,
+ BUS_MAP_STRDUP,
+ &error,
+ NULL,
+ &times);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get timestamp properties: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ if (times.finish_time <= 0) {
+ log_error("Bootup is not yet finished (org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager.FinishTimestampMonotonic=%"PRIu64").\n"
+ "Please try again later.\n"
+ "Hint: Use 'systemctl%s list-jobs' to see active jobs",
+ times.finish_time,
+ arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM ? "" : " --user");
+ return -EINPROGRESS;
+ }
+
+ if (arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM && times.security_start_time > 0) {
+ /* security_start_time is set when systemd is not running under container environment. */
+ if (times.initrd_time > 0)
+ times.kernel_done_time = times.initrd_time;
+ else
+ times.kernel_done_time = times.userspace_time;
+ } else {
+ /*
+ * User-instance-specific or container-system-specific timestamps processing
+ * (see comment to reverse_offset in struct boot_times).
+ */
+ times.reverse_offset = times.userspace_time;
+
+ times.firmware_time = times.loader_time = times.kernel_time = times.initrd_time = times.userspace_time =
+ times.security_start_time = times.security_finish_time = 0;
+
+ subtract_timestamp(&times.finish_time, times.reverse_offset);
+
+ subtract_timestamp(&times.generators_start_time, times.reverse_offset);
+ subtract_timestamp(&times.generators_finish_time, times.reverse_offset);
+
+ subtract_timestamp(&times.unitsload_start_time, times.reverse_offset);
+ subtract_timestamp(&times.unitsload_finish_time, times.reverse_offset);
+ }
+
+ cached = true;
+
+finish:
+ *bt = &times;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void free_host_info(struct host_info *hi) {
+
+ if (!hi)
+ return;
+
+ free(hi->hostname);
+ free(hi->kernel_name);
+ free(hi->kernel_release);
+ free(hi->kernel_version);
+ free(hi->os_pretty_name);
+ free(hi->virtualization);
+ free(hi->architecture);
+ free(hi);
+}
+
+DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(struct host_info*, free_host_info);
+
+static int acquire_time_data(sd_bus *bus, struct unit_times **out) {
+ static const struct bus_properties_map property_map[] = {
+ { "InactiveExitTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct unit_times, activating) },
+ { "ActiveEnterTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct unit_times, activated) },
+ { "ActiveExitTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct unit_times, deactivating) },
+ { "InactiveEnterTimestampMonotonic", "t", NULL, offsetof(struct unit_times, deactivated) },
+ {},
+ };
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(unit_times_freep) struct unit_times *unit_times = NULL;
+ struct boot_times *boot_times = NULL;
+ size_t allocated = 0, c = 0;
+ UnitInfo u;
+ int r;
+
+ r = acquire_boot_times(bus, &boot_times);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_bus_call_method(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "ListUnits",
+ &error, &reply,
+ NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to list units: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "(ssssssouso)");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ while ((r = bus_parse_unit_info(reply, &u)) > 0) {
+ struct unit_times *t;
+
+ if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(unit_times, allocated, c+2))
+ return log_oom();
+
+ unit_times[c+1].has_data = false;
+ t = &unit_times[c];
+ t->name = NULL;
+
+ assert_cc(sizeof(usec_t) == sizeof(uint64_t));
+
+ r = bus_map_all_properties(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ u.unit_path,
+ property_map,
+ BUS_MAP_STRDUP,
+ &error,
+ NULL,
+ t);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get timestamp properties of unit %s: %s", u.id, bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ subtract_timestamp(&t->activating, boot_times->reverse_offset);
+ subtract_timestamp(&t->activated, boot_times->reverse_offset);
+ subtract_timestamp(&t->deactivating, boot_times->reverse_offset);
+ subtract_timestamp(&t->deactivated, boot_times->reverse_offset);
+
+ if (t->activated >= t->activating)
+ t->time = t->activated - t->activating;
+ else if (t->deactivated >= t->activating)
+ t->time = t->deactivated - t->activating;
+ else
+ t->time = 0;
+
+ if (t->activating == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ t->name = strdup(u.id);
+ if (!t->name)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ t->has_data = true;
+ c++;
+ }
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ *out = TAKE_PTR(unit_times);
+ return c;
+}
+
+static int acquire_host_info(sd_bus *bus, struct host_info **hi) {
+ static const struct bus_properties_map hostname_map[] = {
+ { "Hostname", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct host_info, hostname) },
+ { "KernelName", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct host_info, kernel_name) },
+ { "KernelRelease", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct host_info, kernel_release) },
+ { "KernelVersion", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct host_info, kernel_version) },
+ { "OperatingSystemPrettyName", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct host_info, os_pretty_name) },
+ {}
+ };
+
+ static const struct bus_properties_map manager_map[] = {
+ { "Virtualization", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct host_info, virtualization) },
+ { "Architecture", "s", NULL, offsetof(struct host_info, architecture) },
+ {}
+ };
+
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *system_bus = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(free_host_infop) struct host_info *host;
+ int r;
+
+ host = new0(struct host_info, 1);
+ if (!host)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ if (arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM) {
+ r = bus_connect_transport(arg_transport, arg_host, false, &system_bus);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to connect to system bus, ignoring: %m");
+ goto manager;
+ }
+ }
+
+ r = bus_map_all_properties(system_bus ?: bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.hostname1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/hostname1",
+ hostname_map,
+ BUS_MAP_STRDUP,
+ &error,
+ NULL,
+ host);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to get host information from systemd-hostnamed, ignoring: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+ sd_bus_error_free(&error);
+ }
+
+manager:
+ r = bus_map_all_properties(bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ manager_map,
+ BUS_MAP_STRDUP,
+ &error,
+ NULL,
+ host);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get host information from systemd: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ *hi = TAKE_PTR(host);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int pretty_boot_time(sd_bus *bus, char **_buf) {
+ char ts[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
+ struct boot_times *t;
+ static char buf[4096];
+ size_t size;
+ char *ptr;
+ int r;
+ usec_t activated_time = USEC_INFINITY;
+ _cleanup_free_ char* path = NULL, *unit_id = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+
+ r = acquire_boot_times(bus, &t);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET);
+ if (!path)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = sd_bus_get_property_string(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ path,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
+ "Id",
+ &error,
+ &unit_id);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_error_errno(r, "default.target doesn't seem to exist: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+ unit_id = NULL;
+ }
+
+ r = bus_get_uint64_property(bus, path,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
+ "ActiveEnterTimestampMonotonic",
+ &activated_time);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ log_info_errno(r, "Could not get time to reach default.target, ignoring: %m");
+ activated_time = USEC_INFINITY;
+ }
+
+ ptr = buf;
+ size = sizeof(buf);
+
+ size = strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "Startup finished in ");
+ if (t->firmware_time > 0)
+ size = strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "%s (firmware) + ", format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), t->firmware_time - t->loader_time, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+ if (t->loader_time > 0)
+ size = strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "%s (loader) + ", format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), t->loader_time, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+ if (t->kernel_done_time > 0)
+ size = strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "%s (kernel) + ", format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), t->kernel_done_time, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+ if (t->initrd_time > 0)
+ size = strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "%s (initrd) + ", format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), t->userspace_time - t->initrd_time, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+
+ size = strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "%s (userspace) ", format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), t->finish_time - t->userspace_time, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+ if (t->kernel_done_time > 0)
+ strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "= %s ", format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), t->firmware_time + t->finish_time, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+
+ if (unit_id && activated_time > 0 && activated_time != USEC_INFINITY) {
+ usec_t base = t->userspace_time > 0 ? t->userspace_time : t->reverse_offset;
+
+ size = strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "\n%s reached after %s in userspace", unit_id,
+ format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), activated_time - base, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+ } else if (unit_id && activated_time == 0)
+ size = strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "\n%s was never reached", unit_id);
+ else if (unit_id && activated_time == USEC_INFINITY)
+ size = strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "\nCould not get time to reach %s.", unit_id);
+ else if (!unit_id)
+ size = strpcpyf(&ptr, size, "\ncould not find default.target");
+
+ ptr = strdup(buf);
+ if (!ptr)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ *_buf = ptr;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void svg_graph_box(double height, double begin, double end) {
+ long long i;
+
+ /* outside box, fill */
+ svg("<rect class=\"box\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"%.03f\" height=\"%.03f\" />\n",
+ SCALE_X * (end - begin), SCALE_Y * height);
+
+ for (i = ((long long) (begin / 100000)) * 100000; i <= end; i+=100000) {
+ /* lines for each second */
+ if (i % 5000000 == 0)
+ svg(" <line class=\"sec5\" x1=\"%.03f\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"%.03f\" y2=\"%.03f\" />\n"
+ " <text class=\"sec\" x=\"%.03f\" y=\"%.03f\" >%.01fs</text>\n",
+ SCALE_X * i, SCALE_X * i, SCALE_Y * height, SCALE_X * i, -5.0, 0.000001 * i);
+ else if (i % 1000000 == 0)
+ svg(" <line class=\"sec1\" x1=\"%.03f\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"%.03f\" y2=\"%.03f\" />\n"
+ " <text class=\"sec\" x=\"%.03f\" y=\"%.03f\" >%.01fs</text>\n",
+ SCALE_X * i, SCALE_X * i, SCALE_Y * height, SCALE_X * i, -5.0, 0.000001 * i);
+ else
+ svg(" <line class=\"sec01\" x1=\"%.03f\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"%.03f\" y2=\"%.03f\" />\n",
+ SCALE_X * i, SCALE_X * i, SCALE_Y * height);
+ }
+}
+
+static int plot_unit_times(struct unit_times *u, double width, int y) {
+ char ts[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
+ bool b;
+
+ if (!u->name)
+ return 0;
+
+ svg_bar("activating", u->activating, u->activated, y);
+ svg_bar("active", u->activated, u->deactivating, y);
+ svg_bar("deactivating", u->deactivating, u->deactivated, y);
+
+ /* place the text on the left if we have passed the half of the svg width */
+ b = u->activating * SCALE_X < width / 2;
+ if (u->time)
+ svg_text(b, u->activating, y, "%s (%s)",
+ u->name, format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), u->time, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+ else
+ svg_text(b, u->activating, y, "%s", u->name);
+
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int analyze_plot(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(free_host_infop) struct host_info *host = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(unit_times_freep) struct unit_times *times = NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *pretty_times = NULL;
+ bool use_full_bus = arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
+ struct boot_times *boot;
+ struct unit_times *u;
+ int n, m = 1, y = 0, r;
+ double width;
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, &use_full_bus);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ n = acquire_boot_times(bus, &boot);
+ if (n < 0)
+ return n;
+
+ n = pretty_boot_time(bus, &pretty_times);
+ if (n < 0)
+ return n;
+
+ if (use_full_bus || arg_scope != UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM) {
+ n = acquire_host_info(bus, &host);
+ if (n < 0)
+ return n;
+ }
+
+ n = acquire_time_data(bus, &times);
+ if (n <= 0)
+ return n;
+
+ typesafe_qsort(times, n, compare_unit_start);
+
+ width = SCALE_X * (boot->firmware_time + boot->finish_time);
+ if (width < 800.0)
+ width = 800.0;
+
+ if (boot->firmware_time > boot->loader_time)
+ m++;
+ if (boot->loader_time > 0) {
+ m++;
+ if (width < 1000.0)
+ width = 1000.0;
+ }
+ if (boot->initrd_time > 0)
+ m++;
+ if (boot->kernel_done_time > 0)
+ m++;
+
+ for (u = times; u->has_data; u++) {
+ double text_start, text_width;
+
+ if (u->activating > boot->finish_time) {
+ u->name = mfree(u->name);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* If the text cannot fit on the left side then
+ * increase the svg width so it fits on the right.
+ * TODO: calculate the text width more accurately */
+ text_width = 8.0 * strlen(u->name);
+ text_start = (boot->firmware_time + u->activating) * SCALE_X;
+ if (text_width > text_start && text_width + text_start > width)
+ width = text_width + text_start;
+
+ if (u->deactivated > u->activating &&
+ u->deactivated <= boot->finish_time &&
+ u->activated == 0 && u->deactivating == 0)
+ u->activated = u->deactivating = u->deactivated;
+ if (u->activated < u->activating || u->activated > boot->finish_time)
+ u->activated = boot->finish_time;
+ if (u->deactivating < u->activated || u->deactivating > boot->finish_time)
+ u->deactivating = boot->finish_time;
+ if (u->deactivated < u->deactivating || u->deactivated > boot->finish_time)
+ u->deactivated = boot->finish_time;
+ m++;
+ }
+
+ svg("<?xml version=\"1.0\" standalone=\"no\"?>\n"
+ "<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN\" "
+ "\"http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd\">\n");
+
+ svg("<svg width=\"%.0fpx\" height=\"%.0fpx\" version=\"1.1\" "
+ "xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\">\n\n",
+ 80.0 + width, 150.0 + (m * SCALE_Y) +
+ 5 * SCALE_Y /* legend */);
+
+ /* write some basic info as a comment, including some help */
+ svg("<!-- This file is a systemd-analyze SVG file. It is best rendered in a -->\n"
+ "<!-- browser such as Chrome, Chromium or Firefox. Other applications -->\n"
+ "<!-- that render these files properly but much slower are ImageMagick, -->\n"
+ "<!-- gimp, inkscape, etc. To display the files on your system, just -->\n"
+ "<!-- point your browser to this file. -->\n\n"
+ "<!-- This plot was generated by systemd-analyze version %-16.16s -->\n\n", GIT_VERSION);
+
+ /* style sheet */
+ svg("<defs>\n <style type=\"text/css\">\n <![CDATA[\n"
+ " rect { stroke-width: 1; stroke-opacity: 0; }\n"
+ " rect.background { fill: rgb(255,255,255); }\n"
+ " rect.activating { fill: rgb(255,0,0); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.active { fill: rgb(200,150,150); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.deactivating { fill: rgb(150,100,100); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.kernel { fill: rgb(150,150,150); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.initrd { fill: rgb(150,150,150); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.firmware { fill: rgb(150,150,150); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.loader { fill: rgb(150,150,150); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.userspace { fill: rgb(150,150,150); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.security { fill: rgb(144,238,144); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.generators { fill: rgb(102,204,255); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.unitsload { fill: rgb( 82,184,255); fill-opacity: 0.7; }\n"
+ " rect.box { fill: rgb(240,240,240); stroke: rgb(192,192,192); }\n"
+ " line { stroke: rgb(64,64,64); stroke-width: 1; }\n"
+ "// line.sec1 { }\n"
+ " line.sec5 { stroke-width: 2; }\n"
+ " line.sec01 { stroke: rgb(224,224,224); stroke-width: 1; }\n"
+ " text { font-family: Verdana, Helvetica; font-size: 14px; }\n"
+ " text.left { font-family: Verdana, Helvetica; font-size: 14px; text-anchor: start; }\n"
+ " text.right { font-family: Verdana, Helvetica; font-size: 14px; text-anchor: end; }\n"
+ " text.sec { font-size: 10px; }\n"
+ " ]]>\n </style>\n</defs>\n\n");
+
+ svg("<rect class=\"background\" width=\"100%%\" height=\"100%%\" />\n");
+ svg("<text x=\"20\" y=\"50\">%s</text>", pretty_times);
+ if (host)
+ svg("<text x=\"20\" y=\"30\">%s %s (%s %s %s) %s %s</text>",
+ isempty(host->os_pretty_name) ? "Linux" : host->os_pretty_name,
+ strempty(host->hostname),
+ strempty(host->kernel_name),
+ strempty(host->kernel_release),
+ strempty(host->kernel_version),
+ strempty(host->architecture),
+ strempty(host->virtualization));
+
+ svg("<g transform=\"translate(%.3f,100)\">\n", 20.0 + (SCALE_X * boot->firmware_time));
+ svg_graph_box(m, -(double) boot->firmware_time, boot->finish_time);
+
+ if (boot->firmware_time > 0) {
+ svg_bar("firmware", -(double) boot->firmware_time, -(double) boot->loader_time, y);
+ svg_text(true, -(double) boot->firmware_time, y, "firmware");
+ y++;
+ }
+ if (boot->loader_time > 0) {
+ svg_bar("loader", -(double) boot->loader_time, 0, y);
+ svg_text(true, -(double) boot->loader_time, y, "loader");
+ y++;
+ }
+ if (boot->kernel_done_time > 0) {
+ svg_bar("kernel", 0, boot->kernel_done_time, y);
+ svg_text(true, 0, y, "kernel");
+ y++;
+ }
+ if (boot->initrd_time > 0) {
+ svg_bar("initrd", boot->initrd_time, boot->userspace_time, y);
+ if (boot->initrd_security_start_time < boot->initrd_security_finish_time)
+ svg_bar("security", boot->initrd_security_start_time, boot->initrd_security_finish_time, y);
+ if (boot->initrd_generators_start_time < boot->initrd_generators_finish_time)
+ svg_bar("generators", boot->initrd_generators_start_time, boot->initrd_generators_finish_time, y);
+ if (boot->initrd_unitsload_start_time < boot->initrd_unitsload_finish_time)
+ svg_bar("unitsload", boot->initrd_unitsload_start_time, boot->initrd_unitsload_finish_time, y);
+ svg_text(true, boot->initrd_time, y, "initrd");
+ y++;
+ }
+
+ for (u = times; u->has_data; u++) {
+ if (u->activating >= boot->userspace_time)
+ break;
+
+ y += plot_unit_times(u, width, y);
+ }
+
+ svg_bar("active", boot->userspace_time, boot->finish_time, y);
+ if (boot->security_start_time > 0)
+ svg_bar("security", boot->security_start_time, boot->security_finish_time, y);
+ svg_bar("generators", boot->generators_start_time, boot->generators_finish_time, y);
+ svg_bar("unitsload", boot->unitsload_start_time, boot->unitsload_finish_time, y);
+ svg_text(true, boot->userspace_time, y, "systemd");
+ y++;
+
+ for (; u->has_data; u++)
+ y += plot_unit_times(u, width, y);
+
+ svg("</g>\n");
+
+ /* Legend */
+ svg("<g transform=\"translate(20,100)\">\n");
+ y++;
+ svg_bar("activating", 0, 300000, y);
+ svg_text(true, 400000, y, "Activating");
+ y++;
+ svg_bar("active", 0, 300000, y);
+ svg_text(true, 400000, y, "Active");
+ y++;
+ svg_bar("deactivating", 0, 300000, y);
+ svg_text(true, 400000, y, "Deactivating");
+ y++;
+ if (boot->security_start_time > 0) {
+ svg_bar("security", 0, 300000, y);
+ svg_text(true, 400000, y, "Setting up security module");
+ y++;
+ }
+ svg_bar("generators", 0, 300000, y);
+ svg_text(true, 400000, y, "Generators");
+ y++;
+ svg_bar("unitsload", 0, 300000, y);
+ svg_text(true, 400000, y, "Loading unit files");
+ y++;
+
+ svg("</g>\n\n");
+
+ svg("</svg>\n");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int list_dependencies_print(const char *name, unsigned level, unsigned branches,
+ bool last, struct unit_times *times, struct boot_times *boot) {
+ unsigned i;
+ char ts[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], ts2[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
+
+ for (i = level; i != 0; i--)
+ printf("%s", special_glyph(branches & (1 << (i-1)) ? SPECIAL_GLYPH_TREE_VERTICAL : SPECIAL_GLYPH_TREE_SPACE));
+
+ printf("%s", special_glyph(last ? SPECIAL_GLYPH_TREE_RIGHT : SPECIAL_GLYPH_TREE_BRANCH));
+
+ if (times) {
+ if (times->time > 0)
+ printf("%s%s @%s +%s%s", ansi_highlight_red(), name,
+ format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), times->activating - boot->userspace_time, USEC_PER_MSEC),
+ format_timespan(ts2, sizeof(ts2), times->time, USEC_PER_MSEC), ansi_normal());
+ else if (times->activated > boot->userspace_time)
+ printf("%s @%s", name, format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), times->activated - boot->userspace_time, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+ else
+ printf("%s", name);
+ } else
+ printf("%s", name);
+ printf("\n");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int list_dependencies_get_dependencies(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, char ***deps) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
+
+ assert(bus);
+ assert(name);
+ assert(deps);
+
+ path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(name);
+ if (!path)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ return bus_get_unit_property_strv(bus, path, "After", deps);
+}
+
+static Hashmap *unit_times_hashmap;
+
+static int list_dependencies_compare(char * const *a, char * const *b) {
+ usec_t usa = 0, usb = 0;
+ struct unit_times *times;
+
+ times = hashmap_get(unit_times_hashmap, *a);
+ if (times)
+ usa = times->activated;
+ times = hashmap_get(unit_times_hashmap, *b);
+ if (times)
+ usb = times->activated;
+
+ return CMP(usb, usa);
+}
+
+static bool times_in_range(const struct unit_times *times, const struct boot_times *boot) {
+ return times &&
+ times->activated > 0 && times->activated <= boot->finish_time;
+}
+
+static int list_dependencies_one(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, unsigned level, char ***units,
+ unsigned branches) {
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **deps = NULL;
+ char **c;
+ int r = 0;
+ usec_t service_longest = 0;
+ int to_print = 0;
+ struct unit_times *times;
+ struct boot_times *boot;
+
+ if (strv_extend(units, name))
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = list_dependencies_get_dependencies(bus, name, &deps);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ typesafe_qsort(deps, strv_length(deps), list_dependencies_compare);
+
+ r = acquire_boot_times(bus, &boot);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(c, deps) {
+ times = hashmap_get(unit_times_hashmap, *c);
+ if (times_in_range(times, boot) &&
+ times->activated >= service_longest)
+ service_longest = times->activated;
+ }
+
+ if (service_longest == 0)
+ return r;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(c, deps) {
+ times = hashmap_get(unit_times_hashmap, *c);
+ if (times_in_range(times, boot) &&
+ service_longest - times->activated <= arg_fuzz)
+ to_print++;
+ }
+
+ if (!to_print)
+ return r;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(c, deps) {
+ times = hashmap_get(unit_times_hashmap, *c);
+ if (!times_in_range(times, boot) ||
+ service_longest - times->activated > arg_fuzz)
+ continue;
+
+ to_print--;
+
+ r = list_dependencies_print(*c, level, branches, to_print == 0, times, boot);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (strv_contains(*units, *c)) {
+ r = list_dependencies_print("...", level + 1, (branches << 1) | (to_print ? 1 : 0),
+ true, NULL, boot);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ r = list_dependencies_one(bus, *c, level + 1, units,
+ (branches << 1) | (to_print ? 1 : 0));
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (to_print == 0)
+ break;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int list_dependencies(sd_bus *bus, const char *name) {
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **units = NULL;
+ char ts[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
+ struct unit_times *times;
+ int r;
+ const char *id;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ struct boot_times *boot;
+
+ assert(bus);
+
+ path = unit_dbus_path_from_name(name);
+ if (!path)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ r = sd_bus_get_property(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ path,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
+ "Id",
+ &error,
+ &reply,
+ "s");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get ID: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "s", &id);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ times = hashmap_get(unit_times_hashmap, id);
+
+ r = acquire_boot_times(bus, &boot);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ if (times) {
+ if (times->time)
+ printf("%s%s +%s%s\n", ansi_highlight_red(), id,
+ format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), times->time, USEC_PER_MSEC), ansi_normal());
+ else if (times->activated > boot->userspace_time)
+ printf("%s @%s\n", id, format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), times->activated - boot->userspace_time, USEC_PER_MSEC));
+ else
+ printf("%s\n", id);
+ }
+
+ return list_dependencies_one(bus, name, 0, &units, 0);
+}
+
+static int analyze_critical_chain(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(unit_times_freep) struct unit_times *times = NULL;
+ struct unit_times *u;
+ Hashmap *h;
+ int n, r;
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ n = acquire_time_data(bus, &times);
+ if (n <= 0)
+ return n;
+
+ h = hashmap_new(&string_hash_ops);
+ if (!h)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ for (u = times; u->has_data; u++) {
+ r = hashmap_put(h, u->name, u);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add entry to hashmap: %m");
+ }
+ unit_times_hashmap = h;
+
+ (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
+
+ puts("The time after the unit is active or started is printed after the \"@\" character.\n"
+ "The time the unit takes to start is printed after the \"+\" character.\n");
+
+ if (argc > 1) {
+ char **name;
+ STRV_FOREACH(name, strv_skip(argv, 1))
+ list_dependencies(bus, *name);
+ } else
+ list_dependencies(bus, SPECIAL_DEFAULT_TARGET);
+
+ h = hashmap_free(h);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int analyze_blame(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(unit_times_freep) struct unit_times *times = NULL;
+ struct unit_times *u;
+ int n, r;
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ n = acquire_time_data(bus, &times);
+ if (n <= 0)
+ return n;
+
+ typesafe_qsort(times, n, compare_unit_time);
+
+ (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
+
+ for (u = times; u->has_data; u++) {
+ char ts[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
+
+ if (u->time > 0)
+ printf("%16s %s\n", format_timespan(ts, sizeof(ts), u->time, USEC_PER_MSEC), u->name);
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int analyze_time(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ r = pretty_boot_time(bus, &buf);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ puts(buf);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int graph_one_property(sd_bus *bus, const UnitInfo *u, const char* prop, const char *color, char* patterns[], char* from_patterns[], char* to_patterns[]) {
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **units = NULL;
+ char **unit;
+ int r;
+ bool match_patterns;
+
+ assert(u);
+ assert(prop);
+ assert(color);
+
+ match_patterns = strv_fnmatch(patterns, u->id, 0);
+
+ if (!strv_isempty(from_patterns) &&
+ !match_patterns &&
+ !strv_fnmatch(from_patterns, u->id, 0))
+ return 0;
+
+ r = bus_get_unit_property_strv(bus, u->unit_path, prop, &units);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(unit, units) {
+ bool match_patterns2;
+
+ match_patterns2 = strv_fnmatch(patterns, *unit, 0);
+
+ if (!strv_isempty(to_patterns) &&
+ !match_patterns2 &&
+ !strv_fnmatch(to_patterns, *unit, 0))
+ continue;
+
+ if (!strv_isempty(patterns) && !match_patterns && !match_patterns2)
+ continue;
+
+ printf("\t\"%s\"->\"%s\" [color=\"%s\"];\n", u->id, *unit, color);
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int graph_one(sd_bus *bus, const UnitInfo *u, char *patterns[], char *from_patterns[], char *to_patterns[]) {
+ int r;
+
+ assert(bus);
+ assert(u);
+
+ if (IN_SET(arg_dot, DEP_ORDER, DEP_ALL)) {
+ r = graph_one_property(bus, u, "After", "green", patterns, from_patterns, to_patterns);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ if (IN_SET(arg_dot, DEP_REQUIRE, DEP_ALL)) {
+ r = graph_one_property(bus, u, "Requires", "black", patterns, from_patterns, to_patterns);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ r = graph_one_property(bus, u, "Requisite", "darkblue", patterns, from_patterns, to_patterns);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ r = graph_one_property(bus, u, "Wants", "grey66", patterns, from_patterns, to_patterns);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ r = graph_one_property(bus, u, "Conflicts", "red", patterns, from_patterns, to_patterns);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int expand_patterns(sd_bus *bus, char **patterns, char ***ret) {
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **expanded_patterns = NULL;
+ char **pattern;
+ int r;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(pattern, patterns) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *unit = NULL, *unit_id = NULL;
+
+ if (strv_extend(&expanded_patterns, *pattern) < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ if (string_is_glob(*pattern))
+ continue;
+
+ unit = unit_dbus_path_from_name(*pattern);
+ if (!unit)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = sd_bus_get_property_string(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ unit,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Unit",
+ "Id",
+ &error,
+ &unit_id);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get ID: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ if (!streq(*pattern, unit_id)) {
+ if (strv_extend(&expanded_patterns, unit_id) < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+ }
+ }
+
+ *ret = expanded_patterns;
+ expanded_patterns = NULL; /* do not free */
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int dot(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **expanded_patterns = NULL;
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **expanded_from_patterns = NULL;
+ _cleanup_strv_free_ char **expanded_to_patterns = NULL;
+ int r;
+ UnitInfo u;
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ r = expand_patterns(bus, strv_skip(argv, 1), &expanded_patterns);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = expand_patterns(bus, arg_dot_from_patterns, &expanded_from_patterns);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = expand_patterns(bus, arg_dot_to_patterns, &expanded_to_patterns);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+
+ r = sd_bus_call_method(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "ListUnits",
+ &error,
+ &reply,
+ "");
+ if (r < 0)
+ log_error_errno(r, "Failed to list units: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(reply, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "(ssssssouso)");
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ printf("digraph systemd {\n");
+
+ while ((r = bus_parse_unit_info(reply, &u)) > 0) {
+
+ r = graph_one(bus, &u, expanded_patterns, expanded_from_patterns, expanded_to_patterns);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ printf("}\n");
+
+ log_info(" Color legend: black = Requires\n"
+ " dark blue = Requisite\n"
+ " dark grey = Wants\n"
+ " red = Conflicts\n"
+ " green = After\n");
+
+ if (on_tty())
+ log_notice("-- You probably want to process this output with graphviz' dot tool.\n"
+ "-- Try a shell pipeline like 'systemd-analyze dot | dot -Tsvg > systemd.svg'!\n");
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int dump_fallback(sd_bus *bus) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
+ const char *text = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(bus);
+
+ r = sd_bus_call_method(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "Dump",
+ &error,
+ &reply,
+ NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to issue method call Dump: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "s", &text);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ fputs(text, stdout);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int dump(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ int fd = -1;
+ int r;
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
+
+ if (!sd_bus_can_send(bus, SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD))
+ return dump_fallback(bus);
+
+ r = sd_bus_call_method(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "DumpByFileDescriptor",
+ &error,
+ &reply,
+ NULL);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ /* fall back to Dump if DumpByFileDescriptor is not supported */
+ if (!IN_SET(r, -EACCES, -EBADR))
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to issue method call DumpByFileDescriptor: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ return dump_fallback(bus);
+ }
+
+ r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "h", &fd);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return bus_log_parse_error(r);
+
+ fflush(stdout);
+ return copy_bytes(fd, STDOUT_FILENO, (uint64_t) -1, 0);
+}
+
+static int cat_config(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ char **arg, **list;
+ int r;
+
+ (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
+
+ list = strv_skip(argv, 1);
+ STRV_FOREACH(arg, list) {
+ const char *t = NULL;
+
+ if (arg != list)
+ print_separator();
+
+ if (path_is_absolute(*arg)) {
+ const char *dir;
+
+ NULSTR_FOREACH(dir, CONF_PATHS_NULSTR("")) {
+ t = path_startswith(*arg, dir);
+ if (t)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (!t)
+ return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
+ "Path %s does not start with any known prefix.",
+ *arg);
+ } else
+ t = *arg;
+
+ r = conf_files_cat(arg_root, t);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int set_log_level(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(argc == 2);
+ assert(argv);
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ r = sd_bus_set_property(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "LogLevel",
+ &error,
+ "s",
+ argv[1]);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_log_level(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *level = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ r = sd_bus_get_property_string(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "LogLevel",
+ &error,
+ &level);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get log level: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ puts(level);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_or_set_log_level(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ return (argc == 1) ? get_log_level(argc, argv, userdata) : set_log_level(argc, argv, userdata);
+}
+
+static int set_log_target(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ assert(argc == 2);
+ assert(argv);
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ r = sd_bus_set_property(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "LogTarget",
+ &error,
+ "s",
+ argv[1]);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to issue method call: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_log_target(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *target = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ r = sd_bus_get_property_string(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "LogTarget",
+ &error,
+ &target);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get log target: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ puts(target);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_or_set_log_target(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ return (argc == 1) ? get_log_target(argc, argv, userdata) : set_log_target(argc, argv, userdata);
+}
+
+static int dump_unit_paths(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(lookup_paths_free) LookupPaths paths = {};
+ int r;
+ char **p;
+
+ r = lookup_paths_init(&paths, arg_scope, 0, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "lookup_paths_init() failed: %m");
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(p, paths.search_path)
+ puts(*p);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#if HAVE_SECCOMP
+
+static int load_kernel_syscalls(Set **ret) {
+ _cleanup_(set_free_freep) Set *syscalls = NULL;
+ _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ /* Let's read the available system calls from the list of available tracing events. Slightly dirty, but good
+ * enough for analysis purposes. */
+
+ f = fopen("/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/available_events", "re");
+ if (!f)
+ return log_full_errno(IN_SET(errno, EPERM, EACCES, ENOENT) ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_WARNING, errno, "Can't read open /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/available_events: %m");
+
+ for (;;) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL;
+ const char *e;
+
+ r = read_line(f, LONG_LINE_MAX, &line);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read system call list: %m");
+ if (r == 0)
+ break;
+
+ e = startswith(line, "syscalls:sys_enter_");
+ if (!e)
+ continue;
+
+ /* These are named differently inside the kernel than their external name for historical reasons. Let's hide them here. */
+ if (STR_IN_SET(e, "newuname", "newfstat", "newstat", "newlstat", "sysctl"))
+ continue;
+
+ r = set_ensure_allocated(&syscalls, &string_hash_ops);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ r = set_put_strdup(syscalls, e);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add system call to list: %m");
+ }
+
+ *ret = TAKE_PTR(syscalls);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void kernel_syscalls_remove(Set *s, const SyscallFilterSet *set) {
+ const char *syscall;
+
+ NULSTR_FOREACH(syscall, set->value) {
+ if (syscall[0] == '@')
+ continue;
+
+ (void) set_remove(s, syscall);
+ }
+}
+
+static void dump_syscall_filter(const SyscallFilterSet *set) {
+ const char *syscall;
+
+ printf("%s%s%s\n"
+ " # %s\n",
+ ansi_highlight(),
+ set->name,
+ ansi_normal(),
+ set->help);
+
+ NULSTR_FOREACH(syscall, set->value)
+ printf(" %s%s%s\n",
+ syscall[0] == '@' ? ansi_underline() : "",
+ syscall,
+ ansi_normal());
+}
+
+static int dump_syscall_filters(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ bool first = true;
+
+ (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
+
+ if (strv_isempty(strv_skip(argv, 1))) {
+ _cleanup_(set_free_freep) Set *kernel = NULL;
+ int i, k;
+
+ k = load_kernel_syscalls(&kernel);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < _SYSCALL_FILTER_SET_MAX; i++) {
+ const SyscallFilterSet *set = syscall_filter_sets + i;
+ if (!first)
+ puts("");
+
+ dump_syscall_filter(set);
+ kernel_syscalls_remove(kernel, set);
+ first = false;
+ }
+
+ if (k < 0) {
+ fputc('\n', stdout);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ log_notice_errno(k, "# Not showing unlisted system calls, couldn't retrieve kernel system call list: %m");
+ } else if (!set_isempty(kernel)) {
+ const char *syscall;
+ Iterator j;
+
+ printf("\n"
+ "# %sUnlisted System Calls%s (supported by the local kernel, but not included in any of the groups listed above):\n",
+ ansi_highlight(), ansi_normal());
+
+ SET_FOREACH(syscall, kernel, j)
+ printf("# %s\n", syscall);
+ }
+ } else {
+ char **name;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(name, strv_skip(argv, 1)) {
+ const SyscallFilterSet *set;
+
+ if (!first)
+ puts("");
+
+ set = syscall_filter_set_find(*name);
+ if (!set) {
+ /* make sure the error appears below normal output */
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ log_error("Filter set \"%s\" not found.", *name);
+ return -ENOENT;
+ }
+
+ dump_syscall_filter(set);
+ first = false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#else
+static int dump_syscall_filters(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
+ "Not compiled with syscall filters, sorry.");
+}
+#endif
+
+static int dump_timespan(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ char **input_timespan;
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(input_timespan, strv_skip(argv, 1)) {
+ int r;
+ usec_t usec_magnitude = 1, output_usecs;
+ char ft_buf[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
+
+ r = parse_time(*input_timespan, &output_usecs, USEC_PER_SEC);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse time span '%s': %m", *input_timespan);
+
+ printf("Original: %s\n", *input_timespan);
+ printf(" %ss: %" PRIu64 "\n", special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_MU), output_usecs);
+ printf(" Human: %s\n", format_timespan(ft_buf, sizeof(ft_buf), output_usecs, usec_magnitude));
+
+ if (input_timespan[1])
+ putchar('\n');
+ }
+
+ return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int test_calendar(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ int ret = 0, r;
+ char **p;
+ usec_t n;
+
+ n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
+
+ STRV_FOREACH(p, strv_skip(argv, 1)) {
+ _cleanup_(calendar_spec_freep) CalendarSpec *spec = NULL;
+ _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL;
+ usec_t next;
+
+ r = calendar_spec_from_string(*p, &spec);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ ret = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse calendar specification '%s': %m", *p);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ r = calendar_spec_normalize(spec);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ ret = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to normalize calendar specification '%s': %m", *p);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ r = calendar_spec_to_string(spec, &t);
+ if (r < 0) {
+ ret = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to format calendar specification '%s': %m", *p);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (!streq(t, *p))
+ printf(" Original form: %s\n", *p);
+
+ printf("Normalized form: %s\n", t);
+
+ r = calendar_spec_next_usec(spec, n, &next);
+ if (r == -ENOENT)
+ printf(" Next elapse: never\n");
+ else if (r < 0) {
+ ret = log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine next elapse for '%s': %m", *p);
+ continue;
+ } else {
+ char buffer[CONST_MAX(FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX, FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_RELATIVE_MAX)];
+
+ printf(" Next elapse: %s\n", format_timestamp(buffer, sizeof(buffer), next));
+
+ if (!in_utc_timezone())
+ printf(" (in UTC): %s\n", format_timestamp_utc(buffer, sizeof(buffer), next));
+
+ printf(" From now: %s\n", format_timestamp_relative(buffer, sizeof(buffer), next));
+ }
+
+ if (*(p+1))
+ putchar('\n');
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int service_watchdogs(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ int b, r;
+
+ assert(IN_SET(argc, 1, 2));
+ assert(argv);
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ /* get ServiceWatchdogs */
+ if (argc == 1) {
+ r = sd_bus_get_property_trivial(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "ServiceWatchdogs",
+ &error,
+ 'b',
+ &b);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get service-watchdog state: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ printf("%s\n", yes_no(!!b));
+
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ /* set ServiceWatchdogs */
+ b = parse_boolean(argv[1]);
+ if (b < 0) {
+ log_error("Failed to parse service-watchdogs argument.");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ r = sd_bus_set_property(
+ bus,
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1",
+ "/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
+ "org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
+ "ServiceWatchdogs",
+ &error,
+ "b",
+ b);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to set service-watchdog state: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int do_verify(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ return verify_units(strv_skip(argv, 1), arg_scope, arg_man, arg_generators);
+}
+
+static int do_security(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ r = acquire_bus(&bus, NULL);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to create bus connection: %m");
+
+ (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
+
+ return analyze_security(bus, strv_skip(argv, 1), 0);
+}
+
+static int help(int argc, char *argv[], void *userdata) {
+ _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL;
+ int r;
+
+ (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags);
+
+ r = terminal_urlify_man("systemd-analyze", "1", &link);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ printf("%s [OPTIONS...] {COMMAND} ...\n\n"
+ "Profile systemd, show unit dependencies, check unit files.\n\n"
+ " -h --help Show this help\n"
+ " --version Show package version\n"
+ " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
+ " --system Operate on system systemd instance\n"
+ " --user Operate on user systemd instance\n"
+ " --global Operate on global user configuration\n"
+ " -H --host=[USER@]HOST Operate on remote host\n"
+ " -M --machine=CONTAINER Operate on local container\n"
+ " --order Show only order in the graph\n"
+ " --require Show only requirement in the graph\n"
+ " --from-pattern=GLOB Show only origins in the graph\n"
+ " --to-pattern=GLOB Show only destinations in the graph\n"
+ " --fuzz=SECONDS Also print also services which finished SECONDS\n"
+ " earlier than the latest in the branch\n"
+ " --man[=BOOL] Do [not] check for existence of man pages\n"
+ " --generators[=BOOL] Do [not] run unit generators (requires privileges)\n"
+ "\nCommands:\n"
+ " time Print time spent in the kernel\n"
+ " blame Print list of running units ordered by time to init\n"
+ " critical-chain [UNIT...] Print a tree of the time critical chain of units\n"
+ " plot Output SVG graphic showing service initialization\n"
+ " dot [UNIT...] Output dependency graph in man:dot(1) format\n"
+ " log-level [LEVEL] Get/set logging threshold for manager\n"
+ " log-target [TARGET] Get/set logging target for manager\n"
+ " dump Output state serialization of service manager\n"
+ " cat-config Show configuration file and drop-ins\n"
+ " unit-paths List load directories for units\n"
+ " syscall-filter [NAME...] Print list of syscalls in seccomp filter\n"
+ " verify FILE... Check unit files for correctness\n"
+ " calendar SPEC... Validate repetitive calendar time events\n"
+ " service-watchdogs [BOOL] Get/set service watchdog state\n"
+ " timespan SPAN... Validate a time span\n"
+ " security [UNIT...] Analyze security of unit\n"
+ "\nSee the %s for details.\n"
+ , program_invocation_short_name
+ , link
+ );
+
+ /* When updating this list, including descriptions, apply changes to shell-completion/bash/systemd-analyze and
+ * shell-completion/zsh/_systemd-analyze too. */
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+ enum {
+ ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
+ ARG_ORDER,
+ ARG_REQUIRE,
+ ARG_ROOT,
+ ARG_SYSTEM,
+ ARG_USER,
+ ARG_GLOBAL,
+ ARG_DOT_FROM_PATTERN,
+ ARG_DOT_TO_PATTERN,
+ ARG_FUZZ,
+ ARG_NO_PAGER,
+ ARG_MAN,
+ ARG_GENERATORS,
+ };
+
+ static const struct option options[] = {
+ { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
+ { "version", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
+ { "order", no_argument, NULL, ARG_ORDER },
+ { "require", no_argument, NULL, ARG_REQUIRE },
+ { "root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT },
+ { "system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM },
+ { "user", no_argument, NULL, ARG_USER },
+ { "global", no_argument, NULL, ARG_GLOBAL },
+ { "from-pattern", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DOT_FROM_PATTERN },
+ { "to-pattern", required_argument, NULL, ARG_DOT_TO_PATTERN },
+ { "fuzz", required_argument, NULL, ARG_FUZZ },
+ { "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },
+ { "man", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_MAN },
+ { "generators", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_GENERATORS },
+ { "host", required_argument, NULL, 'H' },
+ { "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' },
+ {}
+ };
+
+ int r, c;
+
+ assert(argc >= 0);
+ assert(argv);
+
+ while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hH:M:", options, NULL)) >= 0)
+ switch (c) {
+
+ case 'h':
+ return help(0, NULL, NULL);
+
+ case ARG_VERSION:
+ return version();
+
+ case ARG_ROOT:
+ arg_root = optarg;
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_SYSTEM:
+ arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_SYSTEM;
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_USER:
+ arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_USER;
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_GLOBAL:
+ arg_scope = UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL;
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_ORDER:
+ arg_dot = DEP_ORDER;
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_REQUIRE:
+ arg_dot = DEP_REQUIRE;
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_DOT_FROM_PATTERN:
+ if (strv_extend(&arg_dot_from_patterns, optarg) < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_DOT_TO_PATTERN:
+ if (strv_extend(&arg_dot_to_patterns, optarg) < 0)
+ return log_oom();
+
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_FUZZ:
+ r = parse_sec(optarg, &arg_fuzz);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return r;
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_NO_PAGER:
+ arg_pager_flags |= PAGER_DISABLE;
+ break;
+
+ case 'H':
+ arg_transport = BUS_TRANSPORT_REMOTE;
+ arg_host = optarg;
+ break;
+
+ case 'M':
+ arg_transport = BUS_TRANSPORT_MACHINE;
+ arg_host = optarg;
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_MAN:
+ if (optarg) {
+ r = parse_boolean(optarg);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
+ "Failed to parse --man= argument.");
+
+ arg_man = r;
+ } else
+ arg_man = true;
+
+ break;
+
+ case ARG_GENERATORS:
+ if (optarg) {
+ r = parse_boolean(optarg);
+ if (r < 0)
+ return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
+ "Failed to parse --generators= argument.");
+
+ arg_generators = r;
+ } else
+ arg_generators = true;
+
+ break;
+
+ case '?':
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ default:
+ assert_not_reached("Unhandled option code.");
+ }
+
+ if (arg_scope == UNIT_FILE_GLOBAL &&
+ !STR_IN_SET(argv[optind] ?: "time", "dot", "unit-paths", "verify"))
+ return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
+ "Option --global only makes sense with verbs dot, unit-paths, verify.");
+
+ if (arg_root && !streq_ptr(argv[optind], "cat-config"))
+ return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
+ "Option --root is only supported for cat-config right now.");
+
+ return 1; /* work to do */
+}
+
+static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+ static const Verb verbs[] = {
+ { "help", VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, 0, help },
+ { "time", VERB_ANY, 1, VERB_DEFAULT, analyze_time },
+ { "blame", VERB_ANY, 1, 0, analyze_blame },
+ { "critical-chain", VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, 0, analyze_critical_chain },
+ { "plot", VERB_ANY, 1, 0, analyze_plot },
+ { "dot", VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, 0, dot },
+ { "log-level", VERB_ANY, 2, 0, get_or_set_log_level },
+ { "log-target", VERB_ANY, 2, 0, get_or_set_log_target },
+ /* The following four verbs are deprecated aliases */
+ { "set-log-level", 2, 2, 0, set_log_level },
+ { "get-log-level", VERB_ANY, 1, 0, get_log_level },
+ { "set-log-target", 2, 2, 0, set_log_target },
+ { "get-log-target", VERB_ANY, 1, 0, get_log_target },
+ { "dump", VERB_ANY, 1, 0, dump },
+ { "cat-config", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, cat_config },
+ { "unit-paths", 1, 1, 0, dump_unit_paths },
+ { "syscall-filter", VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, 0, dump_syscall_filters },
+ { "verify", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, do_verify },
+ { "calendar", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, test_calendar },
+ { "service-watchdogs", VERB_ANY, 2, 0, service_watchdogs },
+ { "timespan", 2, VERB_ANY, 0, dump_timespan },
+ { "security", VERB_ANY, VERB_ANY, 0, do_security },
+ {}
+ };
+
+ int r;
+
+ setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+ setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C"); /* we want to format/parse floats in C style */
+
+ log_parse_environment();
+ log_open();
+
+ r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
+ if (r <= 0)
+ return r;
+
+ return dispatch_verb(argc, argv, verbs, NULL);
+}
+
+DEFINE_MAIN_FUNCTION(run);
diff --git a/src/analyze/meson.build b/src/analyze/meson.build
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4db4dfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/analyze/meson.build
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
+
+systemd_analyze_sources = files('''
+ analyze.c
+ analyze-verify.c
+ analyze-verify.h
+ analyze-security.c
+ analyze-security.h
+'''.split())
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.39.1) at 2024-10-25 08:23:49 +0000