#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright: (c) 2013, Hiroaki Nakamura # GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt) from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function __metaclass__ = type DOCUMENTATION = ''' --- module: hostname author: - Adrian Likins (@alikins) - Hideki Saito (@saito-hideki) version_added: "1.4" short_description: Manage hostname requirements: [ hostname ] description: - Set system's hostname. Supports most OSs/Distributions including those using C(systemd). - Windows, HP-UX, and AIX are not currently supported. notes: - This module does B(NOT) modify C(/etc/hosts). You need to modify it yourself using other modules such as M(ansible.builtin.template) or M(ansible.builtin.replace). - On macOS, this module uses C(scutil) to set C(HostName), C(ComputerName), and C(LocalHostName). Since C(LocalHostName) cannot contain spaces or most special characters, this module will replace characters when setting C(LocalHostName). options: name: description: - Name of the host. - If the value is a fully qualified domain name that does not resolve from the given host, this will cause the module to hang for a few seconds while waiting for the name resolution attempt to timeout. type: str required: true use: description: - Which strategy to use to update the hostname. - If not set we try to autodetect, but this can be problematic, particularly with containers as they can present misleading information. - Note that 'systemd' should be specified for RHEL/EL/CentOS 7+. Older distributions should use 'redhat'. choices: ['alpine', 'debian', 'freebsd', 'generic', 'macos', 'macosx', 'darwin', 'openbsd', 'openrc', 'redhat', 'sles', 'solaris', 'systemd'] type: str version_added: '2.9' extends_documentation_fragment: - action_common_attributes - action_common_attributes.facts attributes: check_mode: support: full diff_mode: support: full facts: support: full platform: platforms: posix ''' EXAMPLES = ''' - name: Set a hostname ansible.builtin.hostname: name: web01 - name: Set a hostname specifying strategy ansible.builtin.hostname: name: web01 use: systemd ''' import os import platform import socket import traceback import ansible.module_utils.compat.typing as t from ansible.module_utils.basic import ( AnsibleModule, get_distribution, get_distribution_version, ) from ansible.module_utils.common.sys_info import get_platform_subclass from ansible.module_utils.facts.system.service_mgr import ServiceMgrFactCollector from ansible.module_utils.facts.utils import get_file_lines, get_file_content from ansible.module_utils._text import to_native, to_text from ansible.module_utils.six import PY3, text_type STRATS = { 'alpine': 'Alpine', 'debian': 'Systemd', 'freebsd': 'FreeBSD', 'generic': 'Base', 'macos': 'Darwin', 'macosx': 'Darwin', 'darwin': 'Darwin', 'openbsd': 'OpenBSD', 'openrc': 'OpenRC', 'redhat': 'RedHat', 'sles': 'SLES', 'solaris': 'Solaris', 'systemd': 'Systemd', } class BaseStrategy(object): def __init__(self, module): self.module = module self.changed = False def update_current_and_permanent_hostname(self): self.update_current_hostname() self.update_permanent_hostname() return self.changed def update_current_hostname(self): name = self.module.params['name'] current_name = self.get_current_hostname() if current_name != name: if not self.module.check_mode: self.set_current_hostname(name) self.changed = True def update_permanent_hostname(self): name = self.module.params['name'] permanent_name = self.get_permanent_hostname() if permanent_name != name: if not self.module.check_mode: self.set_permanent_hostname(name) self.changed = True def get_current_hostname(self): return self.get_permanent_hostname() def set_current_hostname(self, name): pass def get_permanent_hostname(self): raise NotImplementedError def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): raise NotImplementedError class UnimplementedStrategy(BaseStrategy): def update_current_and_permanent_hostname(self): self.unimplemented_error() def update_current_hostname(self): self.unimplemented_error() def update_permanent_hostname(self): self.unimplemented_error() def get_current_hostname(self): self.unimplemented_error() def set_current_hostname(self, name): self.unimplemented_error() def get_permanent_hostname(self): self.unimplemented_error() def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): self.unimplemented_error() def unimplemented_error(self): system = platform.system() distribution = get_distribution() if distribution is not None: msg_platform = '%s (%s)' % (system, distribution) else: msg_platform = system self.module.fail_json( msg='hostname module cannot be used on platform %s' % msg_platform) class CommandStrategy(BaseStrategy): COMMAND = 'hostname' def __init__(self, module): super(CommandStrategy, self).__init__(module) self.hostname_cmd = self.module.get_bin_path(self.COMMAND, True) def get_current_hostname(self): cmd = [self.hostname_cmd] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) return to_native(out).strip() def set_current_hostname(self, name): cmd = [self.hostname_cmd, name] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) def get_permanent_hostname(self): return 'UNKNOWN' def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): pass class FileStrategy(BaseStrategy): FILE = '/etc/hostname' def get_permanent_hostname(self): if not os.path.isfile(self.FILE): return '' try: return get_file_content(self.FILE, default='', strip=True) except Exception as e: self.module.fail_json( msg="failed to read hostname: %s" % to_native(e), exception=traceback.format_exc()) def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): try: with open(self.FILE, 'w+') as f: f.write("%s\n" % name) except Exception as e: self.module.fail_json( msg="failed to update hostname: %s" % to_native(e), exception=traceback.format_exc()) class SLESStrategy(FileStrategy): """ This is a SLES Hostname strategy class - it edits the /etc/HOSTNAME file. """ FILE = '/etc/HOSTNAME' class RedHatStrategy(BaseStrategy): """ This is a Redhat Hostname strategy class - it edits the /etc/sysconfig/network file. """ NETWORK_FILE = '/etc/sysconfig/network' def get_permanent_hostname(self): try: for line in get_file_lines(self.NETWORK_FILE): line = to_native(line).strip() if line.startswith('HOSTNAME'): k, v = line.split('=') return v.strip() self.module.fail_json( "Unable to locate HOSTNAME entry in %s" % self.NETWORK_FILE ) except Exception as e: self.module.fail_json( msg="failed to read hostname: %s" % to_native(e), exception=traceback.format_exc()) def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): try: lines = [] found = False content = get_file_content(self.NETWORK_FILE, strip=False) or "" for line in content.splitlines(True): line = to_native(line) if line.strip().startswith('HOSTNAME'): lines.append("HOSTNAME=%s\n" % name) found = True else: lines.append(line) if not found: lines.append("HOSTNAME=%s\n" % name) with open(self.NETWORK_FILE, 'w+') as f: f.writelines(lines) except Exception as e: self.module.fail_json( msg="failed to update hostname: %s" % to_native(e), exception=traceback.format_exc()) class AlpineStrategy(FileStrategy): """ This is a Alpine Linux Hostname manipulation strategy class - it edits the /etc/hostname file then run hostname -F /etc/hostname. """ FILE = '/etc/hostname' COMMAND = 'hostname' def set_current_hostname(self, name): super(AlpineStrategy, self).set_current_hostname(name) hostname_cmd = self.module.get_bin_path(self.COMMAND, True) cmd = [hostname_cmd, '-F', self.FILE] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) class SystemdStrategy(BaseStrategy): """ This is a Systemd hostname manipulation strategy class - it uses the hostnamectl command. """ COMMAND = "hostnamectl" def __init__(self, module): super(SystemdStrategy, self).__init__(module) self.hostnamectl_cmd = self.module.get_bin_path(self.COMMAND, True) def get_current_hostname(self): cmd = [self.hostnamectl_cmd, '--transient', 'status'] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) return to_native(out).strip() def set_current_hostname(self, name): if len(name) > 64: self.module.fail_json(msg="name cannot be longer than 64 characters on systemd servers, try a shorter name") cmd = [self.hostnamectl_cmd, '--transient', 'set-hostname', name] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) def get_permanent_hostname(self): cmd = [self.hostnamectl_cmd, '--static', 'status'] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) return to_native(out).strip() def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): if len(name) > 64: self.module.fail_json(msg="name cannot be longer than 64 characters on systemd servers, try a shorter name") cmd = [self.hostnamectl_cmd, '--pretty', '--static', 'set-hostname', name] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) def update_current_and_permanent_hostname(self): # Must set the permanent hostname prior to current to avoid NetworkManager complaints # about setting the hostname outside of NetworkManager self.update_permanent_hostname() self.update_current_hostname() return self.changed class OpenRCStrategy(BaseStrategy): """ This is a Gentoo (OpenRC) Hostname manipulation strategy class - it edits the /etc/conf.d/hostname file. """ FILE = '/etc/conf.d/hostname' def get_permanent_hostname(self): if not os.path.isfile(self.FILE): return '' try: for line in get_file_lines(self.FILE): line = line.strip() if line.startswith('hostname='): return line[10:].strip('"') except Exception as e: self.module.fail_json( msg="failed to read hostname: %s" % to_native(e), exception=traceback.format_exc()) def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): try: lines = [x.strip() for x in get_file_lines(self.FILE)] for i, line in enumerate(lines): if line.startswith('hostname='): lines[i] = 'hostname="%s"' % name break with open(self.FILE, 'w') as f: f.write('\n'.join(lines) + '\n') except Exception as e: self.module.fail_json( msg="failed to update hostname: %s" % to_native(e), exception=traceback.format_exc()) class OpenBSDStrategy(FileStrategy): """ This is a OpenBSD family Hostname manipulation strategy class - it edits the /etc/myname file. """ FILE = '/etc/myname' class SolarisStrategy(BaseStrategy): """ This is a Solaris11 or later Hostname manipulation strategy class - it execute hostname command. """ COMMAND = "hostname" def __init__(self, module): super(SolarisStrategy, self).__init__(module) self.hostname_cmd = self.module.get_bin_path(self.COMMAND, True) def set_current_hostname(self, name): cmd_option = '-t' cmd = [self.hostname_cmd, cmd_option, name] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) def get_permanent_hostname(self): fmri = 'svc:/system/identity:node' pattern = 'config/nodename' cmd = '/usr/sbin/svccfg -s %s listprop -o value %s' % (fmri, pattern) rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd, use_unsafe_shell=True) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) return to_native(out).strip() def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): cmd = [self.hostname_cmd, name] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) class FreeBSDStrategy(BaseStrategy): """ This is a FreeBSD hostname manipulation strategy class - it edits the /etc/rc.conf.d/hostname file. """ FILE = '/etc/rc.conf.d/hostname' COMMAND = "hostname" def __init__(self, module): super(FreeBSDStrategy, self).__init__(module) self.hostname_cmd = self.module.get_bin_path(self.COMMAND, True) def get_current_hostname(self): cmd = [self.hostname_cmd] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) return to_native(out).strip() def set_current_hostname(self, name): cmd = [self.hostname_cmd, name] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Command failed rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) def get_permanent_hostname(self): if not os.path.isfile(self.FILE): return '' try: for line in get_file_lines(self.FILE): line = line.strip() if line.startswith('hostname='): return line[10:].strip('"') except Exception as e: self.module.fail_json( msg="failed to read hostname: %s" % to_native(e), exception=traceback.format_exc()) def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): try: if os.path.isfile(self.FILE): lines = [x.strip() for x in get_file_lines(self.FILE)] for i, line in enumerate(lines): if line.startswith('hostname='): lines[i] = 'hostname="%s"' % name break else: lines = ['hostname="%s"' % name] with open(self.FILE, 'w') as f: f.write('\n'.join(lines) + '\n') except Exception as e: self.module.fail_json( msg="failed to update hostname: %s" % to_native(e), exception=traceback.format_exc()) class DarwinStrategy(BaseStrategy): """ This is a macOS hostname manipulation strategy class. It uses /usr/sbin/scutil to set ComputerName, HostName, and LocalHostName. HostName corresponds to what most platforms consider to be hostname. It controls the name used on the command line and SSH. However, macOS also has LocalHostName and ComputerName settings. LocalHostName controls the Bonjour/ZeroConf name, used by services like AirDrop. This class implements a method, _scrub_hostname(), that mimics the transformations macOS makes on hostnames when enterened in the Sharing preference pane. It replaces spaces with dashes and removes all special characters. ComputerName is the name used for user-facing GUI services, like the System Preferences/Sharing pane and when users connect to the Mac over the network. """ def __init__(self, module): super(DarwinStrategy, self).__init__(module) self.scutil = self.module.get_bin_path('scutil', True) self.name_types = ('HostName', 'ComputerName', 'LocalHostName') self.scrubbed_name = self._scrub_hostname(self.module.params['name']) def _make_translation(self, replace_chars, replacement_chars, delete_chars): if PY3: return str.maketrans(replace_chars, replacement_chars, delete_chars) if not isinstance(replace_chars, text_type) or not isinstance(replacement_chars, text_type): raise ValueError('replace_chars and replacement_chars must both be strings') if len(replace_chars) != len(replacement_chars): raise ValueError('replacement_chars must be the same length as replace_chars') table = dict(zip((ord(c) for c in replace_chars), replacement_chars)) for char in delete_chars: table[ord(char)] = None return table def _scrub_hostname(self, name): """ LocalHostName only accepts valid DNS characters while HostName and ComputerName accept a much wider range of characters. This function aims to mimic how macOS translates a friendly name to the LocalHostName. """ # Replace all these characters with a single dash name = to_text(name) replace_chars = u'\'"~`!@#$%^&*(){}[]/=?+\\|-_ ' delete_chars = u".'" table = self._make_translation(replace_chars, u'-' * len(replace_chars), delete_chars) name = name.translate(table) # Replace multiple dashes with a single dash while '-' * 2 in name: name = name.replace('-' * 2, '') name = name.rstrip('-') return name def get_current_hostname(self): cmd = [self.scutil, '--get', 'HostName'] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0 and 'HostName: not set' not in err: self.module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get current hostname rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) return to_native(out).strip() def get_permanent_hostname(self): cmd = [self.scutil, '--get', 'ComputerName'] rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Failed to get permanent hostname rc=%d, out=%s, err=%s" % (rc, out, err)) return to_native(out).strip() def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): for hostname_type in self.name_types: cmd = [self.scutil, '--set', hostname_type] if hostname_type == 'LocalHostName': cmd.append(to_native(self.scrubbed_name)) else: cmd.append(to_native(name)) rc, out, err = self.module.run_command(cmd) if rc != 0: self.module.fail_json(msg="Failed to set {3} to '{2}': {0} {1}".format(to_native(out), to_native(err), to_native(name), hostname_type)) def set_current_hostname(self, name): pass def update_current_hostname(self): pass def update_permanent_hostname(self): name = self.module.params['name'] # Get all the current host name values in the order of self.name_types all_names = tuple(self.module.run_command([self.scutil, '--get', name_type])[1].strip() for name_type in self.name_types) # Get the expected host name values based on the order in self.name_types expected_names = tuple(self.scrubbed_name if n == 'LocalHostName' else name for n in self.name_types) # Ensure all three names are updated if all_names != expected_names: if not self.module.check_mode: self.set_permanent_hostname(name) self.changed = True class Hostname(object): """ This is a generic Hostname manipulation class that is subclassed based on platform. A subclass may wish to set different strategy instance to self.strategy. All subclasses MUST define platform and distribution (which may be None). """ platform = 'Generic' distribution = None # type: str | None strategy_class = UnimplementedStrategy # type: t.Type[BaseStrategy] def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs): new_cls = get_platform_subclass(Hostname) return super(cls, new_cls).__new__(new_cls) def __init__(self, module): self.module = module self.name = module.params['name'] self.use = module.params['use'] if self.use is not None: strat = globals()['%sStrategy' % STRATS[self.use]] self.strategy = strat(module) elif platform.system() == 'Linux' and ServiceMgrFactCollector.is_systemd_managed(module): # This is Linux and systemd is active self.strategy = SystemdStrategy(module) else: self.strategy = self.strategy_class(module) def update_current_and_permanent_hostname(self): return self.strategy.update_current_and_permanent_hostname() def get_current_hostname(self): return self.strategy.get_current_hostname() def set_current_hostname(self, name): self.strategy.set_current_hostname(name) def get_permanent_hostname(self): return self.strategy.get_permanent_hostname() def set_permanent_hostname(self, name): self.strategy.set_permanent_hostname(name) class SLESHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Sles' try: distribution_version = get_distribution_version() # cast to float may raise ValueError on non SLES, we use float for a little more safety over int if distribution_version and 10 <= float(distribution_version) <= 12: strategy_class = SLESStrategy # type: t.Type[BaseStrategy] else: raise ValueError() except ValueError: strategy_class = UnimplementedStrategy class RHELHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Redhat' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class CentOSHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Centos' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class AnolisOSHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Anolis' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class CloudlinuxserverHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Cloudlinuxserver' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class CloudlinuxHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Cloudlinux' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class AlinuxHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Alinux' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class ScientificHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Scientific' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class OracleLinuxHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Oracle' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class VirtuozzoLinuxHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Virtuozzo' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class AmazonLinuxHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Amazon' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class DebianHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Debian' strategy_class = FileStrategy class KylinHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Kylin' strategy_class = FileStrategy class CumulusHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Cumulus-linux' strategy_class = FileStrategy class KaliHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Kali' strategy_class = FileStrategy class ParrotHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Parrot' strategy_class = FileStrategy class UbuntuHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Ubuntu' strategy_class = FileStrategy class LinuxmintHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Linuxmint' strategy_class = FileStrategy class LinaroHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Linaro' strategy_class = FileStrategy class DevuanHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Devuan' strategy_class = FileStrategy class RaspbianHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Raspbian' strategy_class = FileStrategy class UosHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Uos' strategy_class = FileStrategy class DeepinHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Deepin' strategy_class = FileStrategy class GentooHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Gentoo' strategy_class = OpenRCStrategy class ALTLinuxHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Altlinux' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy class AlpineLinuxHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Alpine' strategy_class = AlpineStrategy class OpenBSDHostname(Hostname): platform = 'OpenBSD' distribution = None strategy_class = OpenBSDStrategy class SolarisHostname(Hostname): platform = 'SunOS' distribution = None strategy_class = SolarisStrategy class FreeBSDHostname(Hostname): platform = 'FreeBSD' distribution = None strategy_class = FreeBSDStrategy class NetBSDHostname(Hostname): platform = 'NetBSD' distribution = None strategy_class = FreeBSDStrategy class NeonHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Neon' strategy_class = FileStrategy class DarwinHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Darwin' distribution = None strategy_class = DarwinStrategy class VoidLinuxHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Void' strategy_class = FileStrategy class PopHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Pop' strategy_class = FileStrategy class EurolinuxHostname(Hostname): platform = 'Linux' distribution = 'Eurolinux' strategy_class = RedHatStrategy def main(): module = AnsibleModule( argument_spec=dict( name=dict(type='str', required=True), use=dict(type='str', choices=list(STRATS.keys())) ), supports_check_mode=True, ) hostname = Hostname(module) name = module.params['name'] current_hostname = hostname.get_current_hostname() permanent_hostname = hostname.get_permanent_hostname() changed = hostname.update_current_and_permanent_hostname() if name != current_hostname: name_before = current_hostname elif name != permanent_hostname: name_before = permanent_hostname else: name_before = permanent_hostname # NOTE: socket.getfqdn() calls gethostbyaddr(socket.gethostname()), which can be # slow to return if the name does not resolve correctly. kw = dict(changed=changed, name=name, ansible_facts=dict(ansible_hostname=name.split('.')[0], ansible_nodename=name, ansible_fqdn=socket.getfqdn(), ansible_domain='.'.join(socket.getfqdn().split('.')[1:]))) if changed: kw['diff'] = {'after': 'hostname = ' + name + '\n', 'before': 'hostname = ' + name_before + '\n'} module.exit_json(**kw) if __name__ == '__main__': main()