diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/components/realm-management-extension.rst')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/components/realm-management-extension.rst | 391 |
1 files changed, 391 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/docs/components/realm-management-extension.rst b/docs/components/realm-management-extension.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6fc0c2e --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/components/realm-management-extension.rst @@ -0,0 +1,391 @@ + +Realm Management Extension (RME) +==================================== + +FEAT_RME (or RME for short) is an Armv9-A extension and is one component of the +`Arm Confidential Compute Architecture (Arm CCA)`_. TF-A supports RME starting +from version 2.6. This chapter discusses the changes to TF-A to support RME and +provides instructions on how to build and run TF-A with RME. + +RME support in TF-A +--------------------- + +The following diagram shows an Arm CCA software architecture with TF-A as the +EL3 firmware. In the Arm CCA architecture there are two additional security +states and address spaces: ``Root`` and ``Realm``. TF-A firmware runs in the +Root world. In the realm world, a Realm Management Monitor firmware (RMM) +manages the execution of Realm VMs and their interaction with the hypervisor. + +.. image:: ../resources/diagrams/arm-cca-software-arch.png + +RME is the hardware extension to support Arm CCA. To support RME, various +changes have been introduced to TF-A. We discuss those changes below. + +Changes to translation tables library +*************************************** +RME adds Root and Realm Physical address spaces. To support this, two new +memory type macros, ``MT_ROOT`` and ``MT_REALM``, have been added to the +:ref:`Translation (XLAT) Tables Library`. These macros are used to configure +memory regions as Root or Realm respectively. + +.. note:: + + Only version 2 of the translation tables library supports the new memory + types. + +Changes to context management +******************************* +A new CPU context for the Realm world has been added. The existing +:ref:`CPU context management API<PSCI Library Integration guide for Armv8-A +AArch32 systems>` can be used to manage Realm context. + +Boot flow changes +******************* +In a typical TF-A boot flow, BL2 runs at Secure-EL1. However when RME is +enabled, TF-A runs in the Root world at EL3. Therefore, the boot flow is +modified to run BL2 at EL3 when RME is enabled. In addition to this, a +Realm-world firmware (RMM) is loaded by BL2 in the Realm physical address +space. + +The boot flow when RME is enabled looks like the following: + +1. BL1 loads and executes BL2 at EL3 +2. BL2 loads images including RMM +3. BL2 transfers control to BL31 +4. BL31 initializes SPM (if SPM is enabled) +5. BL31 initializes RMM +6. BL31 transfers control to Normal-world software + +Granule Protection Tables (GPT) library +***************************************** +Isolation between the four physical address spaces is enforced by a process +called Granule Protection Check (GPC) performed by the MMU downstream any +address translation. GPC makes use of Granule Protection Table (GPT) in the +Root world that describes the physical address space assignment of every +page (granule). A GPT library that provides APIs to initialize GPTs and to +transition granules between different physical address spaces has been added. +More information about the GPT library can be found in the +:ref:`Granule Protection Tables Library` chapter. + +RMM Dispatcher (RMMD) +************************ +RMMD is a new standard runtime service that handles the switch to the Realm +world. It initializes the RMM and handles Realm Management Interface (RMI) +SMC calls from Non-secure and Realm worlds. + +There is a contract between RMM and RMMD that defines the arguments that the +former needs to take in order to initialize and also the possible return values. +This contract is defined in the RMM Boot Interface, which can be found at +:ref:`rmm_el3_boot_interface`. + +There is also a specification of the runtime services provided by TF-A +to RMM. This can be found at :ref:`runtime_services_and_interface`. + +Test Realm Payload (TRP) +************************* +TRP is a small test payload that runs at R-EL2 and implements a subset of +the Realm Management Interface (RMI) commands to primarily test EL3 firmware +and the interface between R-EL2 and EL3. When building TF-A with RME enabled, +if a path to an RMM image is not provided, TF-A builds the TRP by default +and uses it as RMM image. + +Building and running TF-A with RME +------------------------------------ + +This section describes how you can build and run TF-A with RME enabled. +We assume you have all the :ref:`Prerequisites` to build TF-A. + +The following instructions show you how to build and run TF-A with RME +for two scenarios: + +- Three-world execution: TF-A with TF-A Tests or Linux. + + - NS (TF-A Test or Linux), + - Root (TF-A) + - Realm (RMM or TRP) + +- Four-world execution: TF-A, Hafnium and TF-A Tests or Linux. + + - NS (TF-A Test or Linux), + - Root (TF-A) + - Realm (RMM or TRP) + - SPM (Hafnium) + +To run the tests, you need an FVP model. Please use the :ref:`latest version +<Arm Fixed Virtual Platforms (FVP)>` of *FVP_Base_RevC-2xAEMvA* model. + +Three World Testing with TF-A Tests +************************************* + +**1. Obtain and build TF-A Tests with Realm Payload** + +The full set of instructions to setup build host and build options for +TF-A-Tests can be found in the `TFTF Getting Started`_. + +Use the following instructions to build TF-A with `TF-A Tests`_ as the +non-secure payload (BL33). + +.. code:: shell + + git clone https://git.trustedfirmware.org/TF-A/tf-a-tests.git + cd tf-a-tests + make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-none-elf- PLAT=fvp DEBUG=1 all pack_realm + +This produces a TF-A Tests binary (**tftf.bin**) with Realm payload packaged +and **sp_layout.json** in the **build/fvp/debug** directory. + +**2. Obtain and build RMM Image** + +Please refer to the `RMM Getting Started`_ on how to setup +Host Environment and build RMM. + +The below command shows how to build RMM using the default build options for FVP. + +.. code:: shell + + git clone --recursive https://git.trustedfirmware.org/TF-RMM/tf-rmm.git + cd tf-rmm + cmake -DRMM_CONFIG=fvp_defcfg -S . -B build + cmake --build build + +This will generate **rmm.img** in **build** folder. + +**3. Build TF-A** + +The `TF-A Getting Started`_ has the necessary instructions to setup Host +machine and build TF-A. + +To build for RME, set ``ENABLE_RME`` build option to 1 and provide the path to +the RMM binary using the ``RMM`` build option. +Currently, this feature is only supported for the FVP platform. + +.. note:: + + ENABLE_RME build option is currently experimental. + +If the ``RMM`` option is not used, then the Test Realm Payload (TRP) in TF-A +will be built and used as the RMM. + +.. code:: shell + + git clone https://git.trustedfirmware.org/TF-A/trusted-firmware-a.git + cd trusted-firmware-a + make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-none-elf- \ + PLAT=fvp \ + ENABLE_RME=1 \ + RMM=<path/to/rmm.img> \ + FVP_HW_CONFIG_DTS=fdts/fvp-base-gicv3-psci-1t.dts \ + DEBUG=1 \ + BL33=<path/to/tftf.bin> \ + all fip + +This produces **bl1.bin** and **fip.bin** binaries in the **build/fvp/debug** directory. + +Running the tests for a 3 world FVP setup +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +Use the following command to run the tests on FVP. TF-A Tests should boot +and run the default tests including Realm world tests. + +.. code:: shell + + FVP_Base_RevC-2xAEMvA \ + -C bp.refcounter.non_arch_start_at_default=1 \ + -C bp.secureflashloader.fname=<path/to/bl1.bin> \ + -C bp.flashloader0.fname=<path/to/fip.bin> \ + -C bp.refcounter.use_real_time=0 \ + -C bp.ve_sysregs.exit_on_shutdown=1 \ + -C cache_state_modelled=1 \ + -C bp.dram_size=2 \ + -C bp.secure_memory=1 \ + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.SMMU_ROOT_IDR0=3 \ + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.SMMU_ROOT_IIDR=0x43B \ + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.root_register_page_offset=0x20000 \ + -C cluster0.NUM_CORES=4 \ + -C cluster0.PA_SIZE=48 \ + -C cluster0.ecv_support_level=2 \ + -C cluster0.gicv3.cpuintf-mmap-access-level=2 \ + -C cluster0.gicv3.without-DS-support=1 \ + -C cluster0.gicv4.mask-virtual-interrupt=1 \ + -C cluster0.has_arm_v8-6=1 \ + -C cluster0.has_amu=1 \ + -C cluster0.has_branch_target_exception=1 \ + -C cluster0.rme_support_level=2 \ + -C cluster0.has_rndr=1 \ + -C cluster0.has_v8_7_pmu_extension=2 \ + -C cluster0.max_32bit_el=-1 \ + -C cluster0.stage12_tlb_size=1024 \ + -C cluster0.check_memory_attributes=0 \ + -C cluster0.ish_is_osh=1 \ + -C cluster0.restriction_on_speculative_execution=2 \ + -C cluster0.restriction_on_speculative_execution_aarch32=2 \ + -C cluster1.NUM_CORES=4 \ + -C cluster1.PA_SIZE=48 \ + -C cluster1.ecv_support_level=2 \ + -C cluster1.gicv3.cpuintf-mmap-access-level=2 \ + -C cluster1.gicv3.without-DS-support=1 \ + -C cluster1.gicv4.mask-virtual-interrupt=1 \ + -C cluster1.has_arm_v8-6=1 \ + -C cluster1.has_amu=1 \ + -C cluster1.has_branch_target_exception=1 \ + -C cluster1.rme_support_level=2 \ + -C cluster1.has_rndr=1 \ + -C cluster1.has_v8_7_pmu_extension=2 \ + -C cluster1.max_32bit_el=-1 \ + -C cluster1.stage12_tlb_size=1024 \ + -C cluster1.check_memory_attributes=0 \ + -C cluster1.ish_is_osh=1 \ + -C cluster1.restriction_on_speculative_execution=2 \ + -C cluster1.restriction_on_speculative_execution_aarch32=2 \ + -C pctl.startup=0.0.0.0 \ + -C bp.smsc_91c111.enabled=1 \ + -C bp.hostbridge.userNetworking=1 + +The bottom of the output from *uart0* should look something like the following. + +.. code-block:: shell + + ... + + > Test suite 'FF-A Interrupt' + Passed + > Test suite 'SMMUv3 tests' + Passed + > Test suite 'PMU Leakage' + Passed + > Test suite 'DebugFS' + Passed + > Test suite 'RMI and SPM tests' + Passed + > Test suite 'Realm payload at EL1' + Passed + > Test suite 'Invalid memory access' + Passed + ... + +Building TF-A with RME enabled Linux Kernel +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +If an RME enabled Linux kernel and filesystem is available for testing, +and a suitable NS boot loader is not available, then this option can be used to +launch kernel directly after BL31: + +.. code-block:: shell + + cd trusted-firmware-a + make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-none-elf- \ + PLAT=fvp \ + ENABLE_RME=1 \ + RMM=<path/to/rmm.img> \ + FVP_HW_CONFIG_DTS=fdts/fvp-base-gicv3-psci-1t.dts \ + DEBUG=1 \ + ARM_LINUX_KERNEL_AS_BL33=1 \ + PRELOADED_BL33_BASE=0x84000000 \ + all fip + +Boot and run the RME enabled Linux Kernel +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +Use the following additional arguments to boot the kernel on FVP. + +.. code-block:: shell + + --data cluster0.cpu0=<path_to_kernel_Image>@0x84000000 \ + -C bp.virtioblockdevice.image_path=<path_to_rootfs.ext4> + +.. tip:: + + Set the FVP option `cache_state_modelled=0` to run Linux based tests much faster. + +Four-world execution with Hafnium and TF-A Tests +************************************************* + +Four-world execution involves software components in each security state: root, +secure, realm and non-secure. This section describes how to build TF-A +with four-world support. + +We use TF-A as the root firmware, `Hafnium SPM`_ is the reference Secure world component +and the software components for the other 2 worlds (Realm and Non-Secure) +are as described in the previous section. + +**1. Obtain and build Hafnium** + +.. code:: shell + + git clone --recurse-submodules https://git.trustedfirmware.org/hafnium/hafnium.git + cd hafnium + # Use the default prebuilt LLVM/clang toolchain + PATH=$PWD/prebuilts/linux-x64/clang/bin:$PWD/prebuilts/linux-x64/dtc:$PATH + +Feature MTE needs to be disabled in Hafnium build, apply following patch to +project/reference submodule + +.. code:: diff + + diff --git a/BUILD.gn b/BUILD.gn + index cc6a78f..234b20a 100644 + --- a/BUILD.gn + +++ b/BUILD.gn + @@ -83,7 +83,6 @@ aarch64_toolchains("secure_aem_v8a_fvp") { + pl011_base_address = "0x1c090000" + smmu_base_address = "0x2b400000" + smmu_memory_size = "0x100000" + - enable_mte = "1" + plat_log_level = "LOG_LEVEL_INFO" + } + } + +.. code:: shell + + make PROJECT=reference + +The Hafnium binary should be located at +*out/reference/secure_aem_v8a_fvp_clang/hafnium.bin* + +**2. Build TF-A** + +Build TF-A with RME as well as SPM enabled. + +Use sp_layout.json previously generated in tf-a-test build. + +.. code:: shell + + make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-none-elf- \ + PLAT=fvp \ + ENABLE_RME=1 \ + FVP_HW_CONFIG_DTS=fdts/fvp-base-gicv3-psci-1t.dts \ + SPD=spmd \ + SPMD_SPM_AT_SEL2=1 \ + BRANCH_PROTECTION=1 \ + CTX_INCLUDE_PAUTH_REGS=1 \ + DEBUG=1 \ + SP_LAYOUT_FILE=<path/to/sp_layout.json> \ + BL32=<path/to/hafnium.bin> \ + BL33=<path/to/tftf.bin> \ + RMM=<path/to/rmm.img> \ + all fip + +Running the tests for a 4 world FVP setup +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +Use the following arguments in addition to +`Running the tests for a 3 world FVP setup`_ to run tests for 4 world setup. + +.. code:: shell + + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.SMMU_AIDR=2 \ + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.SMMU_IDR0=0x0046123B \ + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.SMMU_IDR1=0x00600002 \ + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.SMMU_IDR3=0x1714 \ + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.SMMU_IDR5=0xFFFF0475 \ + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.SMMU_S_IDR1=0xA0000002 \ + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.SMMU_S_IDR2=0 \ + -C pci.pci_smmuv3.mmu.SMMU_S_IDR3=0 + +.. _Arm Confidential Compute Architecture (Arm CCA): https://www.arm.com/why-arm/architecture/security-features/arm-confidential-compute-architecture +.. _Arm Architecture Models website: https://developer.arm.com/tools-and-software/simulation-models/fixed-virtual-platforms/arm-ecosystem-models +.. _TF-A Getting Started: https://trustedfirmware-a.readthedocs.io/en/latest/getting_started/index.html +.. _TF-A Tests: https://trustedfirmware-a-tests.readthedocs.io/en/latest +.. _TFTF Getting Started: https://trustedfirmware-a-tests.readthedocs.io/en/latest/getting_started/index.html +.. _Hafnium SPM: https://www.trustedfirmware.org/projects/hafnium +.. _RMM Getting Started: https://git.trustedfirmware.org/TF-RMM/tf-rmm.git/tree/docs/getting_started/index.rst |