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diff --git a/src/cmd/go/testdata/script/mod_outside.txt b/src/cmd/go/testdata/script/mod_outside.txt
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+env GO111MODULE=on
+[short] skip
+
+# This script tests commands in module mode outside of any module.
+#
+# First, ensure that we really are in module mode, and that we really don't have
+# a go.mod file.
+go env GOMOD
+stdout 'NUL|/dev/null'
+
+
+# 'go list' without arguments implicitly operates on the current directory,
+# which is not in a module.
+! go list
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+go list -m
+stdout '^command-line-arguments$'
+# 'go list' in the working directory should fail even if there is a a 'package
+# main' present: without a main module, we do not know its package path.
+! go list ./needmod
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go list all' lists the transitive import graph of the main module,
+# which is empty if there is no main module.
+go list all
+! stdout .
+stderr 'warning: "all" matched no packages'
+
+# 'go list' on standard-library packages should work, since they do not depend
+# on the contents of any module.
+go list -deps cmd
+stdout '^fmt$'
+stdout '^cmd/go$'
+
+go list $GOROOT/src/fmt
+stdout '^fmt$'
+
+# 'go list' should work with file arguments.
+go list ./needmod/needmod.go
+stdout 'command-line-arguments'
+
+# 'go list' on a package from a module should fail.
+! go list example.com/printversion
+stderr '^no required module provides package example.com/printversion: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+
+# 'go list -m' with an explicit version should resolve that version.
+go list -m example.com/version@latest
+stdout 'example.com/version v1.1.0'
+
+# 'go list -m -versions' should succeed even without an explicit version.
+go list -m -versions example.com/version
+stdout 'v1.0.0\s+v1.0.1\s+v1.1.0'
+
+# 'go list -m all' should fail. "all" is not meaningful outside of a module.
+! go list -m all
+stderr 'go: cannot match "all": go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go list -m <mods> all' should also fail.
+! go list -m example.com/printversion@v1.0.0 all
+stderr 'go: cannot match "all": go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+! stdout 'example.com/version'
+
+# 'go list -m' with wildcards should fail. Wildcards match modules in the
+# build list, so they aren't meaningful outside a module.
+! go list -m ...
+stderr 'go: cannot match "...": go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+! go list -m rsc.io/quote/...
+stderr 'go: cannot match "rsc.io/quote/...": go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+
+# 'go clean' should skip the current directory if it isn't in a module.
+go clean -n
+! stdout .
+! stderr .
+
+# 'go mod graph' should fail, since there's no module graph.
+! go mod graph
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go mod why' should fail, since there is no main module to depend on anything.
+! go mod why -m example.com/version
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go mod edit', 'go mod tidy', and 'go mod fmt' should fail:
+# there is no go.mod file to edit.
+! go mod tidy
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+! go mod edit -fmt
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+! go mod edit -require example.com/version@v1.0.0
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+
+# 'go mod download' without arguments should report an error.
+! go mod download
+stderr 'no modules specified'
+
+# 'go mod download' should download exactly the requested module without dependencies.
+rm -r $GOPATH/pkg/mod/cache/download/example.com
+go mod download example.com/printversion@v1.0.0
+exists $GOPATH/pkg/mod/cache/download/example.com/printversion/@v/v1.0.0.zip
+! exists $GOPATH/pkg/mod/cache/download/example.com/version/@v/v1.0.0.zip
+
+# 'go mod download all' should fail. "all" is not meaningful outside of a module.
+! go mod download all
+stderr 'go: cannot match "all": go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+
+# 'go mod vendor' should fail: it starts by clearing the existing vendor
+# directory, and we don't know where that is.
+! go mod vendor
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+
+# 'go mod verify' should fail: we have no modules to verify.
+! go mod verify
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+
+# 'go get' without arguments implicitly operates on the main module, and thus
+# should fail.
+! go get
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+! go get -u
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+! go get -u ./needmod
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go get -u all' upgrades the transitive import graph of the main module,
+# which is empty.
+! go get -u all
+stderr '^go get: cannot match "all": go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go get' should check the proposed module graph for consistency,
+# even though we won't write it anywhere.
+! go get -d example.com/printversion@v1.0.0 example.com/version@none
+stderr '^go get: example.com/printversion@v1.0.0 requires example.com/version@v1.0.0, not example.com/version@none$'
+
+# 'go get -d' should download and extract the source code needed to build the requested version.
+rm -r $GOPATH/pkg/mod/example.com
+go get -d example.com/printversion@v1.0.0
+exists $GOPATH/pkg/mod/example.com/printversion@v1.0.0
+exists $GOPATH/pkg/mod/example.com/version@v1.0.0
+
+
+# 'go build' without arguments implicitly operates on the current directory, and should fail.
+cd needmod
+! go build
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+cd ..
+
+# 'go build' of a non-module directory should fail too.
+! go build ./needmod
+stderr '^go: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go build' of source files should fail if they import anything outside std.
+! go build -n ./needmod/needmod.go
+stderr '^needmod[/\\]needmod.go:10:2: no required module provides package example.com/version: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go build' of source files should succeed if they do not import anything outside std.
+go build -n -o ignore ./stdonly/stdonly.go
+
+# 'go build' should succeed for standard-library packages.
+go build -n fmt
+
+
+# 'go doc' without arguments implicitly operates on the current directory, and should fail.
+# TODO(golang.org/issue/32027): currently, it succeeds.
+cd needmod
+go doc
+cd ..
+
+# 'go doc' of a non-module directory should also succeed.
+go doc ./needmod
+
+# 'go doc' should succeed for standard-library packages.
+go doc fmt
+
+# 'go doc' should fail for a package path outside a module.
+! go doc example.com/version
+stderr 'doc: no required module provides package example.com/version: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go install' with a version should succeed if all constraints are met.
+# See mod_install_pkg_version.
+rm $GOPATH/bin
+go install example.com/printversion@v0.1.0
+exists $GOPATH/bin/printversion$GOEXE
+
+# 'go install' should fail if a package argument must be resolved to a module.
+! go install example.com/printversion
+stderr '^go install: version is required when current directory is not in a module\n\tTry ''go install example.com/printversion@latest'' to install the latest version$'
+
+# 'go install' should fail if a source file imports a package that must be
+# resolved to a module.
+! go install ./needmod/needmod.go
+stderr 'needmod[/\\]needmod.go:10:2: no required module provides package example.com/version: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go install' should succeed with a package in GOROOT.
+go install cmd/addr2line
+! stderr .
+
+# 'go run' with a verison should fail due to syntax.
+! go run example.com/printversion@v1.0.0
+stderr 'can only use path@version syntax with'
+
+# 'go run' should fail if a package argument must be resolved to a module.
+! go run example.com/printversion
+stderr '^no required module provides package example.com/printversion: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+# 'go run' should fail if a source file imports a package that must be
+# resolved to a module.
+! go run ./needmod/needmod.go
+stderr '^needmod[/\\]needmod.go:10:2: no required module provides package example.com/version: go.mod file not found in current directory or any parent directory; see ''go help modules''$'
+
+
+# 'go fmt' should be able to format files outside of a module.
+go fmt needmod/needmod.go
+
+
+# The remainder of the test checks dependencies by linking and running binaries.
+
+# 'go get' of a binary without a go.mod should install the requested version,
+# resolving outside dependencies to the latest available versions.
+go get example.com/printversion@v0.1.0
+exec ../bin/printversion
+stdout 'path is example.com/printversion'
+stdout 'main is example.com/printversion v0.1.0'
+stdout 'using example.com/version v1.1.0'
+
+# 'go get' of a versioned binary should build and install the latest version
+# using its minimal required modules, ignoring replacements and exclusions.
+go get example.com/printversion
+exec ../bin/printversion
+stdout 'path is example.com/printversion'
+stdout 'main is example.com/printversion v1.0.0'
+stdout 'using example.com/version v1.0.0'
+
+# 'go get -u=patch' should patch dependencies before installing,
+# again ignoring replacements and exclusions.
+go get -u=patch example.com/printversion@v1.0.0
+exec ../bin/printversion
+stdout 'path is example.com/printversion'
+stdout 'main is example.com/printversion v1.0.0'
+stdout 'using example.com/version v1.0.1'
+
+# 'go run' should work with file arguments if they don't import anything
+# outside std.
+go run ./stdonly/stdonly.go
+stdout 'path is command-line-arguments$'
+stdout 'main is command-line-arguments \(devel\)'
+
+# 'go generate' should work with file arguments.
+[exec:touch] go generate ./needmod/needmod.go
+[exec:touch] exists ./needmod/gen.txt
+
+# 'go install' should work with file arguments.
+go install ./stdonly/stdonly.go
+
+# 'go test' should work with file arguments.
+go test -v ./stdonly/stdonly_test.go
+stdout 'stdonly was tested'
+
+# 'go vet' should work with file arguments.
+go vet ./stdonly/stdonly.go
+
+
+-- README.txt --
+There is no go.mod file in the working directory.
+
+-- needmod/needmod.go --
+//go:generate touch gen.txt
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"runtime/debug"
+
+	_ "example.com/version"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	info, ok := debug.ReadBuildInfo()
+	if !ok {
+		panic("missing build info")
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "path is %s\n", info.Path)
+	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "main is %s %s\n", info.Main.Path, info.Main.Version)
+	for _, m := range info.Deps {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "using %s %s\n", m.Path, m.Version)
+	}
+}
+
+-- stdonly/stdonly.go --
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"runtime/debug"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	info, ok := debug.ReadBuildInfo()
+	if !ok {
+		panic("missing build info")
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "path is %s\n", info.Path)
+	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "main is %s %s\n", info.Main.Path, info.Main.Version)
+	for _, m := range info.Deps {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stdout, "using %s %s\n", m.Path, m.Version)
+	}
+}
+
+-- stdonly/stdonly_test.go --
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func Test(t *testing.T) {
+	fmt.Println("stdonly was tested")
+}
+