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Diffstat (limited to 'src/math/big/example_test.go')
-rw-r--r-- | src/math/big/example_test.go | 148 |
1 files changed, 148 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/math/big/example_test.go b/src/math/big/example_test.go new file mode 100644 index 0000000..31ca784 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/math/big/example_test.go @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ +// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. +// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style +// license that can be found in the LICENSE file. + +package big_test + +import ( + "fmt" + "log" + "math" + "math/big" +) + +func ExampleRat_SetString() { + r := new(big.Rat) + r.SetString("355/113") + fmt.Println(r.FloatString(3)) + // Output: 3.142 +} + +func ExampleInt_SetString() { + i := new(big.Int) + i.SetString("644", 8) // octal + fmt.Println(i) + // Output: 420 +} + +func ExampleFloat_SetString() { + f := new(big.Float) + f.SetString("3.14159") + fmt.Println(f) + // Output: 3.14159 +} + +func ExampleRat_Scan() { + // The Scan function is rarely used directly; + // the fmt package recognizes it as an implementation of fmt.Scanner. + r := new(big.Rat) + _, err := fmt.Sscan("1.5000", r) + if err != nil { + log.Println("error scanning value:", err) + } else { + fmt.Println(r) + } + // Output: 3/2 +} + +func ExampleInt_Scan() { + // The Scan function is rarely used directly; + // the fmt package recognizes it as an implementation of fmt.Scanner. + i := new(big.Int) + _, err := fmt.Sscan("18446744073709551617", i) + if err != nil { + log.Println("error scanning value:", err) + } else { + fmt.Println(i) + } + // Output: 18446744073709551617 +} + +func ExampleFloat_Scan() { + // The Scan function is rarely used directly; + // the fmt package recognizes it as an implementation of fmt.Scanner. + f := new(big.Float) + _, err := fmt.Sscan("1.19282e99", f) + if err != nil { + log.Println("error scanning value:", err) + } else { + fmt.Println(f) + } + // Output: 1.19282e+99 +} + +// This example demonstrates how to use big.Int to compute the smallest +// Fibonacci number with 100 decimal digits and to test whether it is prime. +func Example_fibonacci() { + // Initialize two big ints with the first two numbers in the sequence. + a := big.NewInt(0) + b := big.NewInt(1) + + // Initialize limit as 10^99, the smallest integer with 100 digits. + var limit big.Int + limit.Exp(big.NewInt(10), big.NewInt(99), nil) + + // Loop while a is smaller than 1e100. + for a.Cmp(&limit) < 0 { + // Compute the next Fibonacci number, storing it in a. + a.Add(a, b) + // Swap a and b so that b is the next number in the sequence. + a, b = b, a + } + fmt.Println(a) // 100-digit Fibonacci number + + // Test a for primality. + // (ProbablyPrimes' argument sets the number of Miller-Rabin + // rounds to be performed. 20 is a good value.) + fmt.Println(a.ProbablyPrime(20)) + + // Output: + // 1344719667586153181419716641724567886890850696275767987106294472017884974410332069524504824747437757 + // false +} + +// This example shows how to use big.Float to compute the square root of 2 with +// a precision of 200 bits, and how to print the result as a decimal number. +func Example_sqrt2() { + // We'll do computations with 200 bits of precision in the mantissa. + const prec = 200 + + // Compute the square root of 2 using Newton's Method. We start with + // an initial estimate for sqrt(2), and then iterate: + // x_{n+1} = 1/2 * ( x_n + (2.0 / x_n) ) + + // Since Newton's Method doubles the number of correct digits at each + // iteration, we need at least log_2(prec) steps. + steps := int(math.Log2(prec)) + + // Initialize values we need for the computation. + two := new(big.Float).SetPrec(prec).SetInt64(2) + half := new(big.Float).SetPrec(prec).SetFloat64(0.5) + + // Use 1 as the initial estimate. + x := new(big.Float).SetPrec(prec).SetInt64(1) + + // We use t as a temporary variable. There's no need to set its precision + // since big.Float values with unset (== 0) precision automatically assume + // the largest precision of the arguments when used as the result (receiver) + // of a big.Float operation. + t := new(big.Float) + + // Iterate. + for i := 0; i <= steps; i++ { + t.Quo(two, x) // t = 2.0 / x_n + t.Add(x, t) // t = x_n + (2.0 / x_n) + x.Mul(half, t) // x_{n+1} = 0.5 * t + } + + // We can use the usual fmt.Printf verbs since big.Float implements fmt.Formatter + fmt.Printf("sqrt(2) = %.50f\n", x) + + // Print the error between 2 and x*x. + t.Mul(x, x) // t = x*x + fmt.Printf("error = %e\n", t.Sub(two, t)) + + // Output: + // sqrt(2) = 1.41421356237309504880168872420969807856967187537695 + // error = 0.000000e+00 +} |