Adding upstream version 2.13.6.upstream/2.13.6upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 1227 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/lib/base/application.cpp b/lib/base/application.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc032f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/base/application.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1227 @@
+/* Icinga 2 | (c) 2012 Icinga GmbH | GPLv2+ */
+
+#include "base/application.hpp"
+#include "base/application-ti.cpp"
+#include "base/stacktrace.hpp"
+#include "base/timer.hpp"
+#include "base/logger.hpp"
+#include "base/exception.hpp"
+#include "base/objectlock.hpp"
+#include "base/utility.hpp"
+#include "base/loader.hpp"
+#include "base/debug.hpp"
+#include "base/type.hpp"
+#include "base/convert.hpp"
+#include "base/scriptglobal.hpp"
+#include "base/process.hpp"
+#include "base/tlsutility.hpp"
+#include <boost/algorithm/string/trim.hpp>
+#include <boost/exception/errinfo_api_function.hpp>
+#include <boost/exception/errinfo_errno.hpp>
+#include <boost/exception/errinfo_file_name.hpp>
+#include <boost/stacktrace.hpp>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <thread>
+#ifdef __linux__
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#endif /* __linux__ */
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include <windows.h>
+#else /* _WIN32 */
+#include <signal.h>
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+using namespace icinga;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+/* MSVC throws unhandled C++ exceptions as SEH exceptions with this specific error code.
+ * There seems to be no system header that actually defines this constant.
+ * See also https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20160915-00/?p=94316
+ */
+#define EXCEPTION_CODE_CXX_EXCEPTION 0xe06d7363
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+REGISTER_TYPE(Application);
+
+boost::signals2::signal<void ()> Application::OnReopenLogs;
+Application::Ptr Application::m_Instance = nullptr;
+bool Application::m_ShuttingDown = false;
+bool Application::m_RequestRestart = false;
+bool Application::m_RequestReopenLogs = false;
+pid_t Application::m_ReloadProcess = 0;
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+pid_t Application::m_UmbrellaProcess = 0;
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+static bool l_Restarting = false;
+static bool l_InExceptionHandler = false;
+int Application::m_ArgC;
+char **Application::m_ArgV;
+double Application::m_StartTime;
+bool Application::m_ScriptDebuggerEnabled = false;
+double Application::m_LastReloadFailed;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+static LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER l_DefaultUnhandledExceptionFilter = nullptr;
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+/**
+ * Constructor for the Application class.
+ */
+void Application::OnConfigLoaded()
+{
+	m_PidFile = nullptr;
+
+	ASSERT(m_Instance == nullptr);
+	m_Instance = this;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Destructor for the application class.
+ */
+void Application::Stop(bool runtimeRemoved)
+{
+	m_ShuttingDown = true;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	WSACleanup();
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	ClosePidFile(true);
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+	ObjectImpl<Application>::Stop(runtimeRemoved);
+}
+
+Application::~Application()
+{
+	m_Instance = nullptr;
+}
+
+void Application::Exit(int rc)
+{
+	std::cout.flush();
+	std::cerr.flush();
+
+	for (const Logger::Ptr& logger : Logger::GetLoggers()) {
+		logger->Flush();
+	}
+
+	UninitializeBase();
+#ifdef I2_DEBUG
+	exit(rc);
+#else /* I2_DEBUG */
+	_exit(rc); // Yay, our static destructors are pretty much beyond repair at this point.
+#endif /* I2_DEBUG */
+}
+
+void Application::InitializeBase()
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	/* disable GUI-based error messages for LoadLibrary() */
+	SetErrorMode(SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS);
+
+	WSADATA wsaData;
+	if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1, 1), &wsaData) != 0) {
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(win32_error()
+			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("WSAStartup")
+			<< errinfo_win32_error(WSAGetLastError()));
+	}
+#else /* _WIN32 */
+	struct sigaction sa;
+	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
+	sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
+	sigaction(SIGPIPE, &sa, nullptr);
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+	Loader::ExecuteDeferredInitializers();
+
+	/* Make sure the thread pool gets initialized. */
+	GetTP().Start();
+
+	/* Make sure the timer thread gets initialized. */
+	Timer::Initialize();
+}
+
+void Application::UninitializeBase()
+{
+	Timer::Uninitialize();
+
+	GetTP().Stop();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Retrieves a pointer to the application singleton object.
+ *
+ * @returns The application object.
+ */
+Application::Ptr Application::GetInstance()
+{
+	return m_Instance;
+}
+
+void Application::SetResourceLimits()
+{
+#ifdef __linux__
+	rlimit rl;
+
+#	ifdef RLIMIT_NOFILE
+	rlim_t fileLimit = Configuration::RLimitFiles;
+
+	if (fileLimit != 0) {
+		if (fileLimit < (rlim_t)GetDefaultRLimitFiles()) {
+			Log(LogWarning, "Application")
+				<< "The user-specified value for RLimitFiles cannot be smaller than the default value (" << GetDefaultRLimitFiles() << "). Using the default value instead.";
+			fileLimit = GetDefaultRLimitFiles();
+		}
+
+		rl.rlim_cur = fileLimit;
+		rl.rlim_max = rl.rlim_cur;
+
+		if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl) < 0)
+			Log(LogWarning, "Application")
+			    << "Failed to adjust resource limit for open file handles (RLIMIT_NOFILE) with error \"" << strerror(errno) << "\"";
+#	else /* RLIMIT_NOFILE */
+		Log(LogNotice, "Application", "System does not support adjusting the resource limit for open file handles (RLIMIT_NOFILE)");
+#	endif /* RLIMIT_NOFILE */
+	}
+
+#	ifdef RLIMIT_NPROC
+	rlim_t processLimit = Configuration::RLimitProcesses;
+
+	if (processLimit != 0) {
+		if (processLimit < (rlim_t)GetDefaultRLimitProcesses()) {
+			Log(LogWarning, "Application")
+				<< "The user-specified value for RLimitProcesses cannot be smaller than the default value (" << GetDefaultRLimitProcesses() << "). Using the default value instead.";
+			processLimit = GetDefaultRLimitProcesses();
+		}
+
+		rl.rlim_cur = processLimit;
+		rl.rlim_max = rl.rlim_cur;
+
+		if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_NPROC, &rl) < 0)
+			Log(LogWarning, "Application")
+			    << "Failed adjust resource limit for number of processes (RLIMIT_NPROC) with error \"" << strerror(errno) << "\"";
+#	else /* RLIMIT_NPROC */
+		Log(LogNotice, "Application", "System does not support adjusting the resource limit for number of processes (RLIMIT_NPROC)");
+#	endif /* RLIMIT_NPROC */
+	}
+
+#	ifdef RLIMIT_STACK
+	int argc = Application::GetArgC();
+	char **argv = Application::GetArgV();
+	bool set_stack_rlimit = true;
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (strcmp(argv[i], "--no-stack-rlimit") == 0) {
+			set_stack_rlimit = false;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rl) < 0) {
+		Log(LogWarning, "Application", "Could not determine resource limit for stack size (RLIMIT_STACK)");
+		rl.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
+	}
+
+	rlim_t stackLimit;
+
+	stackLimit = Configuration::RLimitStack;
+
+	if (stackLimit != 0) {
+		if (stackLimit < (rlim_t)GetDefaultRLimitStack()) {
+			Log(LogWarning, "Application")
+				<< "The user-specified value for RLimitStack cannot be smaller than the default value (" << GetDefaultRLimitStack() << "). Using the default value instead.";
+			stackLimit = GetDefaultRLimitStack();
+		}
+
+		if (set_stack_rlimit)
+			rl.rlim_cur = stackLimit;
+		else
+			rl.rlim_cur = rl.rlim_max;
+
+		if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rl) < 0)
+			Log(LogWarning, "Application")
+			    << "Failed adjust resource limit for stack size (RLIMIT_STACK) with error \"" << strerror(errno) << "\"";
+		else if (set_stack_rlimit) {
+			char **new_argv = static_cast<char **>(malloc(sizeof(char *) * (argc + 2)));
+
+			if (!new_argv) {
+				perror("malloc");
+				Exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+			}
+
+			new_argv[0] = argv[0];
+			new_argv[1] = strdup("--no-stack-rlimit");
+
+			if (!new_argv[1]) {
+				perror("strdup");
+				exit(1);
+			}
+
+			for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
+				new_argv[i + 1] = argv[i];
+
+			new_argv[argc + 1] = nullptr;
+
+			(void) execvp(new_argv[0], new_argv);
+			perror("execvp");
+			_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+#	else /* RLIMIT_STACK */
+		Log(LogNotice, "Application", "System does not support adjusting the resource limit for stack size (RLIMIT_STACK)");
+#	endif /* RLIMIT_STACK */
+	}
+#endif /* __linux__ */
+}
+
+int Application::GetArgC()
+{
+	return m_ArgC;
+}
+
+void Application::SetArgC(int argc)
+{
+	m_ArgC = argc;
+}
+
+char **Application::GetArgV()
+{
+	return m_ArgV;
+}
+
+void Application::SetArgV(char **argv)
+{
+	m_ArgV = argv;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Processes events for registered sockets and timers and calls whatever
+ * handlers have been set up for these events.
+ */
+void Application::RunEventLoop()
+{
+	double lastLoop = Utility::GetTime();
+
+	while (!m_ShuttingDown) {
+		if (m_RequestRestart) {
+			m_RequestRestart = false;         // we are now handling the request, once is enough
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+			// are we already restarting? ignore request if we already are
+			if (!l_Restarting) {
+				l_Restarting = true;
+				m_ReloadProcess = StartReloadProcess();
+			}
+#else /* _WIN32 */
+			Log(LogNotice, "Application")
+				<< "Got reload command, forwarding to umbrella process (PID " << m_UmbrellaProcess << ")";
+
+			(void)kill(m_UmbrellaProcess, SIGHUP);
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+		} else {
+			/* Watches for changes to the system time. Adjusts timers if necessary. */
+			Utility::Sleep(2.5);
+
+			if (m_RequestReopenLogs) {
+				Log(LogNotice, "Application", "Reopening log files");
+				m_RequestReopenLogs = false;
+				OnReopenLogs();
+			}
+
+			double now = Utility::GetTime();
+			double timeDiff = lastLoop - now;
+
+			if (std::fabs(timeDiff) > 15) {
+				/* We made a significant jump in time. */
+				Log(LogInformation, "Application")
+					<< "We jumped "
+					<< (timeDiff < 0 ? "forward" : "backward")
+					<< " in time: " << std::fabs(timeDiff) << " seconds";
+
+				Timer::AdjustTimers(-timeDiff);
+			}
+
+			lastLoop = now;
+		}
+	}
+
+	Log(LogInformation, "Application", "Shutting down...");
+
+	ConfigObject::StopObjects();
+	Application::GetInstance()->OnShutdown();
+
+#ifdef I2_DEBUG
+	UninitializeBase(); // Inspired from Exit()
+#endif /* I2_DEBUG */
+}
+
+bool Application::IsShuttingDown()
+{
+	return m_ShuttingDown;
+}
+
+bool Application::IsRestarting()
+{
+	return l_Restarting;
+}
+
+void Application::OnShutdown()
+{
+	/* Nothing to do here. */
+}
+
+static void ReloadProcessCallbackInternal(const ProcessResult& pr)
+{
+	if (pr.ExitStatus != 0) {
+		Application::SetLastReloadFailed(Utility::GetTime());
+		Log(LogCritical, "Application", "Found error in config: reloading aborted");
+	}
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	else
+		Application::Exit(7); /* keep this exit code in sync with icinga-app */
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+}
+
+static void ReloadProcessCallback(const ProcessResult& pr)
+{
+	l_Restarting = false;
+
+	std::thread t([pr]() { ReloadProcessCallbackInternal(pr); });
+	t.detach();
+}
+
+pid_t Application::StartReloadProcess()
+{
+	// prepare arguments
+	ArrayData args;
+	args.push_back(GetExePath(m_ArgV[0]));
+
+	for (int i=1; i < Application::GetArgC(); i++) {
+		if (std::string(Application::GetArgV()[i]) != "--reload-internal")
+			args.push_back(Application::GetArgV()[i]);
+		else
+			i++;     // the next parameter after --reload-internal is the pid, remove that too
+	}
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+	args.push_back("--reload-internal");
+	args.push_back(Convert::ToString(Utility::GetPid()));
+#else /* _WIN32 */
+	args.push_back("--validate");
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+	double reloadTimeout = Application::GetReloadTimeout();
+
+	Process::Ptr process = new Process(Process::PrepareCommand(new Array(std::move(args))));
+	process->SetTimeout(reloadTimeout);
+	process->Run(&ReloadProcessCallback);
+
+	Log(LogInformation, "Application")
+		<< "Got reload command: Started new instance with PID '"
+		<< (unsigned long)(process->GetPID()) << "' (timeout is "
+		<< reloadTimeout << "s).";
+
+	return process->GetPID();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Signals the application to shut down during the next
+ * execution of the event loop.
+ */
+void Application::RequestShutdown()
+{
+	Log(LogInformation, "Application", "Received request to shut down.");
+
+	m_ShuttingDown = true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Signals the application to restart during the next
+ * execution of the event loop.
+ */
+void Application::RequestRestart()
+{
+	m_RequestRestart = true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Signals the application to reopen log files during the
+ * next execution of the event loop.
+ */
+void Application::RequestReopenLogs()
+{
+	m_RequestReopenLogs = true;
+}
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+/**
+ * Sets the PID of the Icinga umbrella process.
+ *
+ * @param pid The PID of the Icinga umbrella process.
+ */
+void Application::SetUmbrellaProcess(pid_t pid)
+{
+	m_UmbrellaProcess = pid;
+}
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+/**
+ * Retrieves the full path of the executable.
+ *
+ * @param argv0 The first command-line argument.
+ * @returns The path.
+ */
+String Application::GetExePath(const String& argv0)
+{
+	String executablePath;
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+	char buffer[MAXPATHLEN];
+	if (!getcwd(buffer, sizeof(buffer))) {
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(posix_error()
+			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("getcwd")
+			<< boost::errinfo_errno(errno));
+	}
+
+	String workingDirectory = buffer;
+
+	if (argv0[0] != '/')
+		executablePath = workingDirectory + "/" + argv0;
+	else
+		executablePath = argv0;
+
+	bool foundSlash = false;
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < argv0.GetLength(); i++) {
+		if (argv0[i] == '/') {
+			foundSlash = true;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!foundSlash) {
+		String pathEnv = Utility::GetFromEnvironment("PATH");
+		if (!pathEnv.IsEmpty()) {
+			std::vector<String> paths = String(pathEnv).Split(":");
+
+			bool foundPath = false;
+			for (const String& path : paths) {
+				String pathTest = path + "/" + argv0;
+
+				if (access(pathTest.CStr(), X_OK) == 0) {
+					executablePath = pathTest;
+					foundPath = true;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (!foundPath) {
+				executablePath.Clear();
+				BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::runtime_error("Could not determine executable path."));
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!realpath(executablePath.CStr(), buffer)) {
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(posix_error()
+			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("realpath")
+			<< boost::errinfo_errno(errno)
+			<< boost::errinfo_file_name(executablePath));
+	}
+
+	return buffer;
+#else /* _WIN32 */
+	char FullExePath[MAXPATHLEN];
+
+	if (!GetModuleFileName(nullptr, FullExePath, sizeof(FullExePath)))
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(win32_error()
+			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("GetModuleFileName")
+			<< errinfo_win32_error(GetLastError()));
+
+	return FullExePath;
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+}
+
+/**
+ * Display version and path information.
+ */
+void Application::DisplayInfoMessage(std::ostream& os, bool skipVersion)
+{
+	/* icinga-app prints its own version information, stack traces need it here. */
+	if (!skipVersion)
+		os << "  Application version: " << GetAppVersion() << "\n\n";
+
+	os << "System information:\n"
+		<< "  Platform: " << Utility::GetPlatformName() << "\n"
+		<< "  Platform version: " << Utility::GetPlatformVersion() << "\n"
+		<< "  Kernel: " << Utility::GetPlatformKernel() << "\n"
+		<< "  Kernel version: " << Utility::GetPlatformKernelVersion() << "\n"
+		<< "  Architecture: " << Utility::GetPlatformArchitecture() << "\n";
+
+	Namespace::Ptr systemNS = ScriptGlobal::Get("System");
+
+	os << "\nBuild information:\n"
+		<< "  Compiler: " << systemNS->Get("BuildCompilerName") << " " << systemNS->Get("BuildCompilerVersion") << "\n"
+		<< "  Build host: " << systemNS->Get("BuildHostName") << "\n"
+		<< "  OpenSSL version: " << GetOpenSSLVersion() << "\n";
+
+	os << "\nApplication information:\n"
+		<< "\nGeneral paths:\n"
+		<< "  Config directory: " << Configuration::ConfigDir << "\n"
+		<< "  Data directory: " << Configuration::DataDir << "\n"
+		<< "  Log directory: " << Configuration::LogDir << "\n"
+		<< "  Cache directory: " << Configuration::CacheDir << "\n"
+		<< "  Spool directory: " << Configuration::SpoolDir << "\n"
+		<< "  Run directory: " << Configuration::InitRunDir << "\n"
+		<< "\nOld paths (deprecated):\n"
+		<< "  Installation root: " << Configuration::PrefixDir << "\n"
+		<< "  Sysconf directory: " << Configuration::SysconfDir << "\n"
+		<< "  Run directory (base): " << Configuration::RunDir << "\n"
+		<< "  Local state directory: " << Configuration::LocalStateDir << "\n"
+		<< "\nInternal paths:\n"
+		<< "  Package data directory: " << Configuration::PkgDataDir << "\n"
+		<< "  State path: " << Configuration::StatePath << "\n"
+		<< "  Modified attributes path: " << Configuration::ModAttrPath << "\n"
+		<< "  Objects path: " << Configuration::ObjectsPath << "\n"
+		<< "  Vars path: " << Configuration::VarsPath << "\n"
+		<< "  PID path: " << Configuration::PidPath << "\n";
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * Displays a message that tells users what to do when they encounter a bug.
+ */
+void Application::DisplayBugMessage(std::ostream& os)
+{
+	os << "***" << "\n"
+		<< "* This would indicate a runtime problem or configuration error. If you believe this is a bug in Icinga 2" << "\n"
+		<< "* please submit a bug report at https://github.com/Icinga/icinga2 and include this stack trace as well as any other" << "\n"
+		<< "* information that might be useful in order to reproduce this problem." << "\n"
+		<< "***" << "\n";
+}
+
+String Application::GetCrashReportFilename()
+{
+	return Configuration::LogDir + "/crash/report." + Convert::ToString(Utility::GetTime());
+}
+
+
+void Application::AttachDebugger(const String& filename, bool interactive)
+{
+#ifndef _WIN32
+#ifdef __linux__
+	prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE, 1);
+#endif /* __linux __ */
+
+	String my_pid = Convert::ToString(Utility::GetPid());
+
+	pid_t pid = fork();
+
+	if (pid < 0) {
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(posix_error()
+			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("fork")
+			<< boost::errinfo_errno(errno));
+	}
+
+	if (pid == 0) {
+		if (!interactive) {
+			int fd = open(filename.CStr(), O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_APPEND, 0600);
+
+			if (fd < 0) {
+				BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(posix_error()
+					<< boost::errinfo_api_function("open")
+					<< boost::errinfo_errno(errno)
+					<< boost::errinfo_file_name(filename));
+			}
+
+			if (fd != 1) {
+				/* redirect stdout to the file */
+				dup2(fd, 1);
+				close(fd);
+			}
+
+			/* redirect stderr to stdout */
+			if (fd != 2)
+				close(2);
+
+			dup2(1, 2);
+		}
+
+		char **argv;
+		char *my_pid_str = strdup(my_pid.CStr());
+
+		if (interactive) {
+			const char *uargv[] = {
+				"gdb",
+				"-p",
+				my_pid_str,
+				nullptr
+			};
+
+			argv = const_cast<char **>(uargv);
+
+			(void) execvp(argv[0], argv);
+		} else {
+			const char *uargv[] = {
+				"gdb",
+				"--batch",
+				"-p",
+				my_pid_str,
+				"-ex",
+				"thread apply all bt full",
+				"-ex",
+				"detach",
+				"-ex",
+				"quit",
+				nullptr
+			};
+
+			argv = const_cast<char **>(uargv);
+
+			(void) execvp(argv[0], argv);
+		}
+
+		perror("Failed to launch GDB");
+		free(my_pid_str);
+		_exit(0);
+	}
+
+	int status;
+	if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0) {
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(posix_error()
+			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("waitpid")
+			<< boost::errinfo_errno(errno));
+	}
+
+#ifdef __linux__
+	prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE, 0);
+#endif /* __linux __ */
+#else /* _WIN32 */
+	DebugBreak();
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+}
+
+/**
+ * Signal handler for SIGUSR1. This signal causes Icinga to re-open
+ * its log files and is mainly for use by logrotate.
+ *
+ * @param - The signal number.
+ */
+void Application::SigUsr1Handler(int)
+{
+	Log(LogInformation, "Application")
+		<< "Received USR1 signal, reopening application logs.";
+
+	RequestReopenLogs();
+}
+
+/**
+ * Signal handler for SIGABRT. Helps with debugging ASSERT()s.
+ *
+ * @param - The signal number.
+ */
+void Application::SigAbrtHandler(int)
+{
+#ifndef _WIN32
+	struct sigaction sa;
+	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
+	sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
+	sigaction(SIGABRT, &sa, nullptr);
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+	std::cerr << "Caught SIGABRT." << std::endl
+		<< "Current time: " << Utility::FormatDateTime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z", Utility::GetTime()) << std::endl
+		<< std::endl;
+
+	String fname = GetCrashReportFilename();
+	String dirName = Utility::DirName(fname);
+
+	if (!Utility::PathExists(dirName)) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+		if (mkdir(dirName.CStr(), 0700) < 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
+#else /*_ WIN32 */
+		if (mkdir(dirName.CStr()) < 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+			std::cerr << "Could not create directory '" << dirName << "': Error " << errno << ", " << strerror(errno) << "\n";
+		}
+	}
+
+	bool interactive_debugger = Configuration::AttachDebugger;
+
+	if (!interactive_debugger) {
+		std::ofstream ofs;
+		ofs.open(fname.CStr());
+
+		Log(LogCritical, "Application")
+			<< "Icinga 2 has terminated unexpectedly. Additional information can be found in '" << fname << "'" << "\n";
+
+		ofs << "Caught SIGABRT.\n"
+			<< "Current time: " << Utility::FormatDateTime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z", Utility::GetTime()) << "\n\n";
+
+		DisplayInfoMessage(ofs);
+
+		ofs << "\nStacktrace:\n" << StackTraceFormatter(boost::stacktrace::stacktrace()) << "\n";
+
+		DisplayBugMessage(ofs);
+
+		ofs << "\n";
+		ofs.close();
+	} else {
+		Log(LogCritical, "Application", "Icinga 2 has terminated unexpectedly. Attaching debugger...");
+	}
+
+	AttachDebugger(fname, interactive_debugger);
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+/**
+ * Console control handler. Prepares the application for cleanly
+ * shutting down during the next execution of the event loop.
+ */
+BOOL WINAPI Application::CtrlHandler(DWORD type)
+{
+	Application::Ptr instance = Application::GetInstance();
+
+	if (!instance)
+		return TRUE;
+
+	instance->RequestShutdown();
+
+	SetConsoleCtrlHandler(nullptr, FALSE);
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+bool Application::IsProcessElevated() {
+	BOOL fIsElevated = FALSE;
+	DWORD dwError = ERROR_SUCCESS;
+	HANDLE hToken = nullptr;
+
+	if (!OpenProcessToken(GetCurrentProcess(), TOKEN_QUERY, &hToken))
+		dwError = GetLastError();
+	else {
+		TOKEN_ELEVATION elevation;
+		DWORD dwSize;
+
+		if (!GetTokenInformation(hToken, TokenElevation, &elevation, sizeof(elevation), &dwSize))
+			dwError = GetLastError();
+		else
+			fIsElevated = elevation.TokenIsElevated;
+	}
+
+	if (hToken) {
+		CloseHandle(hToken);
+		hToken = nullptr;
+	}
+
+	if (ERROR_SUCCESS != dwError) {
+		LPSTR mBuf = nullptr;
+		if (!FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
+			nullptr, dwError, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), mBuf, 0, nullptr))
+			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::runtime_error("Failed to format error message, last error was: " + dwError));
+		else
+			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::runtime_error(mBuf));
+	}
+
+	return fIsElevated;
+}
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+/**
+ * Handler for unhandled exceptions.
+ */
+void Application::ExceptionHandler()
+{
+	if (l_InExceptionHandler)
+		for (;;)
+			Utility::Sleep(5);
+
+	l_InExceptionHandler = true;
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+	struct sigaction sa;
+	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
+	sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
+	sigaction(SIGABRT, &sa, nullptr);
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+	String fname = GetCrashReportFilename();
+	String dirName = Utility::DirName(fname);
+
+	if (!Utility::PathExists(dirName)) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+		if (mkdir(dirName.CStr(), 0700) < 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
+#else /*_ WIN32 */
+		if (mkdir(dirName.CStr()) < 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+			std::cerr << "Could not create directory '" << dirName << "': Error " << errno << ", " << strerror(errno) << "\n";
+		}
+	}
+
+	bool interactive_debugger = Configuration::AttachDebugger;
+
+	if (!interactive_debugger) {
+		std::ofstream ofs;
+		ofs.open(fname.CStr());
+
+		ofs << "Caught unhandled exception.\n"
+			<< "Current time: " << Utility::FormatDateTime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z", Utility::GetTime()) << "\n\n";
+
+		DisplayInfoMessage(ofs);
+
+		try {
+			RethrowUncaughtException();
+		} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
+			Log(LogCritical, "Application")
+				<< DiagnosticInformation(ex, false) << "\n"
+				<< "\n"
+				<< "Additional information is available in '" << fname << "'" << "\n";
+
+			/* On platforms where HAVE_CXXABI_H is defined, we prefer to print the stack trace that was saved
+			 * when the last exception was thrown. Everywhere else, we do not have this information so we
+			 * collect a stack trace here, which might lack some information, for example when an exception
+			 * is rethrown, but this is still better than nothing.
+			 */
+			boost::stacktrace::stacktrace *stack = nullptr;
+#ifndef HAVE_CXXABI_H
+			boost::stacktrace::stacktrace local_stack;
+			stack = &local_stack;
+#endif /* HAVE_CXXABI_H */
+
+			ofs << "\n"
+				<< DiagnosticInformation(ex, true, stack)
+				<< "\n";
+		}
+
+		DisplayBugMessage(ofs);
+
+		ofs.close();
+	}
+
+	AttachDebugger(fname, interactive_debugger);
+
+	abort();
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+LONG CALLBACK Application::SEHUnhandledExceptionFilter(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS exi)
+{
+	/* If an unhandled C++ exception occurs with both a termination handler (std::set_terminate()) and an unhandled
+	 * SEH filter (SetUnhandledExceptionFilter()) set, the latter one is called. However, our termination handler is
+	 * better suited for dealing with C++ exceptions. In this case, the SEH exception will have a specific code and
+	 * we can just call the default filter function which will take care of calling the termination handler.
+	 */
+	if (exi->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_CODE_CXX_EXCEPTION) {
+		return l_DefaultUnhandledExceptionFilter(exi);
+	}
+
+	if (l_InExceptionHandler)
+		return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+
+	l_InExceptionHandler = true;
+
+	String fname = GetCrashReportFilename();
+	String dirName = Utility::DirName(fname);
+
+	if (!Utility::PathExists(dirName)) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+		if (mkdir(dirName.CStr(), 0700) < 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
+#else /*_ WIN32 */
+		if (mkdir(dirName.CStr()) < 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+			std::cerr << "Could not create directory '" << dirName << "': Error " << errno << ", " << strerror(errno) << "\n";
+		}
+	}
+
+	std::ofstream ofs;
+	ofs.open(fname.CStr());
+
+	Log(LogCritical, "Application")
+		<< "Icinga 2 has terminated unexpectedly. Additional information can be found in '" << fname << "'";
+
+	ofs << "Caught unhandled SEH exception.\n"
+		<< "Current time: " << Utility::FormatDateTime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z", Utility::GetTime()) << "\n\n";
+
+	DisplayInfoMessage(ofs);
+
+	std::ios::fmtflags savedflags(ofs.flags());
+	ofs << std::showbase << std::hex
+		<< "\nSEH exception:\n"
+		<< "  Code: "    << exi->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode    << "\n"
+		<< "  Address: " << exi->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress << "\n"
+		<< "  Flags: "   << exi->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionFlags   << "\n";
+	ofs.flags(savedflags);
+
+	ofs << "\nStacktrace:\n" << StackTraceFormatter(boost::stacktrace::stacktrace()) << "\n";
+
+	DisplayBugMessage(ofs);
+
+	return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
+}
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+/**
+ * Installs the exception handlers.
+ */
+void Application::InstallExceptionHandlers()
+{
+	std::set_terminate(&Application::ExceptionHandler);
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+	struct sigaction sa;
+	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
+	sa.sa_handler = &Application::SigAbrtHandler;
+	sigaction(SIGABRT, &sa, nullptr);
+#else /* _WIN32 */
+	l_DefaultUnhandledExceptionFilter = SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(&Application::SEHUnhandledExceptionFilter);
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+}
+
+/**
+ * Runs the application.
+ *
+ * @returns The application's exit code.
+ */
+int Application::Run()
+{
+#ifndef _WIN32
+	struct sigaction sa;
+	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
+	sa.sa_handler = &Application::SigUsr1Handler;
+	sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sa, nullptr);
+#else /* _WIN32 */
+	SetConsoleCtrlHandler(&Application::CtrlHandler, TRUE);
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	try {
+		UpdatePidFile(Configuration::PidPath);
+	} catch (const std::exception&) {
+		Log(LogCritical, "Application")
+			<< "Cannot update PID file '" << Configuration::PidPath << "'. Aborting.";
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+	SetStartTime(Utility::GetTime());
+
+	return Main();
+}
+
+void Application::UpdatePidFile(const String& filename)
+{
+	UpdatePidFile(filename, Utility::GetPid());
+}
+
+/**
+ * Grabs the PID file lock and updates the PID. Terminates the application
+ * if the PID file is already locked by another instance of the application.
+ *
+ * @param filename The name of the PID file.
+ * @param pid The PID to write; default is the current PID
+ */
+void Application::UpdatePidFile(const String& filename, pid_t pid)
+{
+	ObjectLock olock(this);
+
+	if (m_PidFile)
+		fclose(m_PidFile);
+
+	/* There's just no sane way of getting a file descriptor for a
+	 * C++ ofstream which is why we're using FILEs here. */
+	m_PidFile = fopen(filename.CStr(), "r+");
+
+	if (!m_PidFile)
+		m_PidFile = fopen(filename.CStr(), "w");
+
+	if (!m_PidFile) {
+		Log(LogCritical, "Application")
+			<< "Could not open PID file '" << filename << "'.";
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::runtime_error("Could not open PID file '" + filename + "'"));
+	}
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+	int fd = fileno(m_PidFile);
+
+	Utility::SetCloExec(fd);
+
+	struct flock lock;
+
+	lock.l_start = 0;
+	lock.l_len = 0;
+	lock.l_type = F_WRLCK;
+	lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
+
+	if (fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &lock) < 0) {
+		Log(LogCritical, "Application", "Could not lock PID file. Make sure that only one instance of the application is running.");
+
+		Application::Exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	if (ftruncate(fd, 0) < 0) {
+		Log(LogCritical, "Application")
+			<< "ftruncate() failed with error code " << errno << ", \"" << Utility::FormatErrorNumber(errno) << "\"";
+
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(posix_error()
+			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("ftruncate")
+			<< boost::errinfo_errno(errno));
+	}
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+	fprintf(m_PidFile, "%lu\n", (unsigned long)pid);
+	fflush(m_PidFile);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Closes the PID file. Does nothing if the PID file is not currently open.
+ */
+void Application::ClosePidFile(bool unlink)
+{
+	ObjectLock olock(this);
+
+	if (m_PidFile) {
+		if (unlink) {
+			String pidpath = Configuration::PidPath;
+			::unlink(pidpath.CStr());
+		}
+
+		fclose(m_PidFile);
+	}
+
+	m_PidFile = nullptr;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks if another process currently owns the pidfile and read it
+ *
+ * @param filename The name of the PID file.
+ * @returns 0: no process owning the pidfile, pid of the process otherwise
+ */
+pid_t Application::ReadPidFile(const String& filename)
+{
+	FILE *pidfile = fopen(filename.CStr(), "r");
+
+	if (!pidfile)
+		return 0;
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+	int fd = fileno(pidfile);
+
+	struct flock lock;
+
+	lock.l_start = 0;
+	lock.l_len = 0;
+	lock.l_type = F_WRLCK;
+	lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
+
+	if (fcntl(fd, F_GETLK, &lock) < 0) {
+		int error = errno;
+		fclose(pidfile);
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(posix_error()
+			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("fcntl")
+			<< boost::errinfo_errno(error));
+	}
+
+	if (lock.l_type == F_UNLCK) {
+		// nobody has locked the file: no icinga running
+		fclose(pidfile);
+		return -1;
+	}
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+	pid_t runningpid;
+	int res = fscanf(pidfile, "%d", &runningpid);
+	fclose(pidfile);
+
+	// bogus result?
+	if (res != 1)
+		return 0;
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+	HANDLE hProcess = OpenProcess(0, FALSE, runningpid);
+
+	if (!hProcess)
+		return 0;
+
+	CloseHandle(hProcess);
+#endif /* _WIN32 */
+
+	return runningpid;
+}
+
+int Application::GetDefaultRLimitFiles()
+{
+	return 16 * 1024;
+}
+
+int Application::GetDefaultRLimitProcesses()
+{
+	return 16 * 1024;
+}
+
+int Application::GetDefaultRLimitStack()
+{
+	return 256 * 1024;
+}
+
+double Application::GetReloadTimeout()
+{
+	return ScriptGlobal::Get("ReloadTimeout");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the global thread pool.
+ *
+ * @returns The global thread pool.
+ */
+ThreadPool& Application::GetTP()
+{
+	static ThreadPool tp;
+	return tp;
+}
+
+double Application::GetStartTime()
+{
+	return m_StartTime;
+}
+
+void Application::SetStartTime(double ts)
+{
+	m_StartTime = ts;
+}
+
+double Application::GetUptime()
+{
+	return Utility::GetTime() - m_StartTime;
+}
+
+bool Application::GetScriptDebuggerEnabled()
+{
+	return m_ScriptDebuggerEnabled;
+}
+
+void Application::SetScriptDebuggerEnabled(bool enabled)
+{
+	m_ScriptDebuggerEnabled = enabled;
+}
+
+double Application::GetLastReloadFailed()
+{
+	return m_LastReloadFailed;
+}
+
+void Application::SetLastReloadFailed(double ts)
+{
+	m_LastReloadFailed = ts;
+}
+
+void Application::ValidateName(const Lazy<String>& lvalue, const ValidationUtils& utils)
+{
+	ObjectImpl<Application>::ValidateName(lvalue, utils);
+
+	if (lvalue() != "app")
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(ValidationError(this, { "name" }, "Application object must be named 'app'."));
+}