Adding upstream version 1.1.0.upstream/1.1.0upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

20 files changed, 700 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/doc/01-About.md b/doc/01-About.md
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+# Icinga DB
+
+Icinga DB is a set of components for publishing, synchronizing and
+visualizing monitoring data in the Icinga ecosystem, consisting of:
+
+* The Icinga DB daemon, which synchronizes monitoring data between a Redis server and a database
+* Icinga 2 with its [Icinga DB feature](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-2/latest/doc/14-features/#icinga-db) enabled,
+  responsible for publishing the data to the Redis server, i.e. configuration and its runtime updates, check results,
+  state changes, downtimes, acknowledgements, notifications, and other events such as flapping
+* And Icinga Web with the
+  [Icinga DB Web](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-db-web) module enabled,
+  which connects to both Redis and the database to display and work with the most up-to-date data
+
+![Icinga DB Architecture](images/icingadb-architecture.png)
+
+## Installation
+
+To install Icinga DB see [Installation](02-Installation.md).
+
+## License
+
+Icinga DB and the Icinga DB documentation are licensed under the terms of the
+GNU General Public License Version 2.
diff --git a/doc/02-Installation.md b/doc/02-Installation.md
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+<!-- {% if index %} -->
+# Installing Icinga DB
+
+The recommended way to install Icinga DB is to use prebuilt packages for
+all supported platforms from our official release repository.
+Please follow the steps listed for your target operating system,
+which guide you through setting up the repository and installing Icinga DB.
+
+To upgrade an existing Icinga DB installation to a newer version,
+see the [Upgrading](04-Upgrading.md) documentation for the necessary steps.
+
+![Icinga DB Daemon](images/icingadb-daemon.png)
+
+Before installing Icinga DB, make sure you have installed [Icinga 2](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-2),
+set up a Redis server, and enabled the `icingadb` feature.
+The Icinga 2 installation documentation covers all the necessary steps.
+Additionally, Icinga offers the `icingadb-redis` package for all supported operating systems,
+which ships an up-to-date Redis server version and is pre-configured for the Icinga DB components.
+
+!!! tip
+
+    Although Icinga DB can run anywhere in an Icinga environment,
+    we recommend to install it where the corresponding Icinga 2 node and Redis server is running to
+    keep latency between the components low.
+
+<!-- {% else %} -->
+## Adding Icinga Package Repository
+
+The recommended way to install Icinga DB is to use prebuilt packages from our official release repository.
+
+!!! tip
+
+    If you install Icinga DB on a node that has Icinga 2 or Icinga Web installed via packages,
+    proceed to [installing the Icinga DB package](#installing-icinga-db-web-package) as
+    the repository is already configured.
+
+Here's how to add the official release repository:
+
+<!-- {% if amazon_linux %} -->
+<!-- {% if not icingaDocs %} -->
+### Amazon Linux 2 Repository
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+!!! info
+
+    A paid repository subscription is required for Amazon Linux 2 repositories. Get more information on
+    [icinga.com/subscription](https://icinga.com/subscription).
+
+    Don't forget to fill in the username and password section with appropriate credentials in the local .repo file.
+
+```bash
+rpm --import https://packages.icinga.com/icinga.key
+wget https://packages.icinga.com/subscription/amazon/ICINGA-release.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/ICINGA-release.repo
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+<!-- {% if centos %} -->
+<!-- {% if not icingaDocs %} -->
+### CentOS Repository
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+```bash
+rpm --import https://packages.icinga.com/icinga.key
+wget https://packages.icinga.com/centos/ICINGA-release.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/ICINGA-release.repo
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+<!-- {% if debian %} -->
+<!-- {% if not icingaDocs %} -->
+### Debian Repository
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+```bash
+apt-get update
+apt-get -y install apt-transport-https wget gnupg
+
+wget -O - https://packages.icinga.com/icinga.key | apt-key add -
+
+DIST=$(awk -F"[)(]+" '/VERSION=/ {print $2}' /etc/os-release); \
+ echo "deb https://packages.icinga.com/debian icinga-${DIST} main" > \
+ /etc/apt/sources.list.d/${DIST}-icinga.list
+ echo "deb-src https://packages.icinga.com/debian icinga-${DIST} main" >> \
+ /etc/apt/sources.list.d/${DIST}-icinga.list
+
+apt-get update
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+<!-- {% if rhel %} -->
+<!-- {% if not icingaDocs %} -->
+### RHEL Repository
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+!!! info
+
+    A paid repository subscription is required for RHEL repositories. Get more information on
+    [icinga.com/subscription](https://icinga.com/subscription).
+
+    Don't forget to fill in the username and password section with appropriate credentials in the local .repo file.
+
+```bash
+rpm --import https://packages.icinga.com/icinga.key
+wget https://packages.icinga.com/subscription/rhel/ICINGA-release.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/ICINGA-release.repo
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+<!-- {% if sles %} -->
+<!-- {% if not icingaDocs %} -->
+### SLES Repository
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+!!! info
+
+    A paid repository subscription is required for SLES repositories. Get more information on
+    [icinga.com/subscription](https://icinga.com/subscription).
+
+    Don't forget to fill in the username and password section with appropriate credentials in the local .repo file.
+
+```bash
+rpm --import https://packages.icinga.com/icinga.key
+
+zypper ar https://packages.icinga.com/subscription/sles/ICINGA-release.repo
+zypper ref
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+<!-- {% if ubuntu %} -->
+<!-- {% if not icingaDocs %} -->
+### Ubuntu Repository
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+```bash
+apt-get update
+apt-get -y install apt-transport-https wget gnupg
+
+wget -O - https://packages.icinga.com/icinga.key | apt-key add -
+
+. /etc/os-release; if [ ! -z ${UBUNTU_CODENAME+x} ]; then DIST="${UBUNTU_CODENAME}"; else DIST="$(lsb_release -c| awk '{print $2}')"; fi; \
+ echo "deb https://packages.icinga.com/ubuntu icinga-${DIST} main" > \
+ /etc/apt/sources.list.d/${DIST}-icinga.list
+ echo "deb-src https://packages.icinga.com/ubuntu icinga-${DIST} main" >> \
+ /etc/apt/sources.list.d/${DIST}-icinga.list
+
+apt-get update
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+## Installing Icinga DB Package
+
+Use your distribution's package manager to install the `icingadb` package as follows:
+
+<!-- {% if amazon_linux %} -->
+<!-- {% if not icingaDocs %} -->
+#### Amazon Linux 2
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+```bash
+yum install icingadb
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+<!-- {% if centos %} -->
+<!-- {% if not icingaDocs %} -->
+#### CentOS
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+!!! info
+
+    Note that installing Icinga DB is only supported on CentOS 7 as CentOS 8 is EOL.
+
+```bash
+yum install icingadb
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+<!-- {% if debian or ubuntu %} -->
+<!-- {% if not icingaDocs %} -->
+#### Debian / Ubuntu
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+```bash
+apt-get install icingadb
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+<!-- {% if rhel %} -->
+#### RHEL 8 or Later
+
+```bash
+dnf install icingadb
+```
+
+#### RHEL 7
+
+```bash
+yum install icingadb
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+<!-- {% if sles %} -->
+<!-- {% if not icingaDocs %} -->
+#### SLES
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+```bash
+zypper install icingadb
+```
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+
+## Setting up the Database
+
+A MySQL (≥5.5), MariaDB (≥10.1), or PostgreSQL (≥9.6) database is required to run Icinga DB.
+Please follow the steps listed for your target database,
+which guide you through setting up the database and user and importing the schema.
+
+![Icinga DB Database](images/icingadb-database.png)
+
+!!! info
+
+    In high availability setups, all Icinga DB instances must write to the same database.
+
+### Setting up a MySQL or MariaDB Database
+
+If you use a version of MySQL < 5.7 or MariaDB < 10.2, the following server options must be set:
+
+```
+innodb_file_format=barracuda
+innodb_file_per_table=1
+innodb_large_prefix=1
+```
+
+Set up a MySQL database for Icinga DB:
+
+```
+# mysql -u root -p
+
+CREATE DATABASE icingadb;
+CREATE USER 'icingadb'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'CHANGEME';
+GRANT ALL ON icingadb.* TO 'icingadb'@'localhost';
+```
+
+After creating the database, import the Icinga DB schema using the following command:
+
+```
+mysql -u root -p icingadb </usr/share/icingadb/schema/mysql/schema.sql
+```
+
+### Setting up a PostgreSQL Database
+
+Set up a PostgreSQL database for Icinga DB:
+
+```
+# su -l postgres
+
+createuser -P icingadb
+createdb -E UTF8 --locale en_US.UTF-8 -T template0 -O icingadb icingadb
+psql icingadb <<<'CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS citext;'
+```
+
+The `CREATE EXTENSION` command requires the `postgresql-contrib` package.
+
+Edit `pg_hba.conf`, insert the following before everything else:
+
+```
+local all icingadb           md5
+host  all icingadb 0.0.0.0/0 md5
+host  all icingadb      ::/0 md5
+```
+
+To apply these changes, run `systemctl reload postgresql`.
+
+After creating the database, import the Icinga DB schema using the following command:
+
+```
+psql -U icingadb icingadb < /usr/share/icingadb/schema/pgsql/schema.sql
+```
+
+## Configuring Icinga DB
+
+Icinga DB installs its configuration file to `/etc/icingadb/config.yml`,
+pre-populating most of the settings for a local setup. Before running Icinga DB,
+adjust the Redis and database credentials and, if necessary, the connection configuration.
+The configuration file explains general settings.
+All available settings can be found under [Configuration](03-Configuration.md).
+
+## Running Icinga DB
+
+The `icingadb` package automatically installs the necessary systemd unit files to run Icinga DB.
+Please run the following command to enable and start its service:
+
+```bash
+systemctl enable --now icingadb
+```
+
+## Installing Icinga DB Web
+
+With Icinga 2, Redis, Icinga DB and the database fully set up, it is now time to install Icinga DB Web,
+which connects to both Redis and the database to display and work with the monitoring data.
+
+![Icinga DB Web](images/icingadb-web.png)
+
+The Icinga DB Web package is also included in the Icinga repository, and since it is already set up,
+you have completed the instructions here and can proceed to
+<!-- {% if amazon_linux %} -->
+[installing Icinga DB Web on Amazon Linux](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-db-web/latest/doc/02-Installation/01-Amazon-Linux/#installing-icinga-db-web-package),
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+<!-- {% if centos %} -->
+[installing Icinga DB Web on CentOS](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-db-web/latest/doc/02-Installation/02-CentOS/#installing-icinga-db-web-package),
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+<!-- {% if debian %} -->
+[installing Icinga DB Web on Debian](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-db-web/latest/doc/02-Installation/03-Debian/#installing-icinga-db-web-package),
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+<!-- {% if rhel %} -->
+[installing Icinga DB Web on RHEL](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-db-web/latest/doc/02-Installation/04-RHEL/#installing-icinga-db-web-package),
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+<!-- {% if sles %} -->
+[installing Icinga DB Web on SLES](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-db-web/latest/doc/02-Installation/05-SLES/#installing-icinga-db-web-package),
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+<!-- {% if ubuntu %} -->
+[installing Icinga DB Web on Ubuntu](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-db-web/latest/doc/02-Installation/06-Ubuntu/#installing-icinga-db-web-package),
+<!-- {% endif %} -->
+which will also guide you through the setup of the Icinga Web PHP framework,
+which is required to run the Icinga DB web module.
+Below is a preview of how the interface visualizes monitoring data and also supports dark and light mode:
+
+![Icinga DB Web](images/icingadb-dashboard.png)
+<!-- {% endif %} --><!-- {# end else if index #} -->
diff --git a/doc/02-Installation.md.d/01-Amazon-Linux.md b/doc/02-Installation.md.d/01-Amazon-Linux.md
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+# Installing Icinga DB on Amazon Linux
+<!-- {% set amazon_linux = True %} -->
+<!-- {% include "02-Installation.md" %} -->
diff --git a/doc/02-Installation.md.d/02-CentOS.md b/doc/02-Installation.md.d/02-CentOS.md
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+# Installing Icinga DB on CentOS
+<!-- {% set centos = True %} -->
+<!-- {% include "02-Installation.md" %} -->
diff --git a/doc/02-Installation.md.d/03-Debian.md b/doc/02-Installation.md.d/03-Debian.md
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+++ b/doc/02-Installation.md.d/03-Debian.md
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+# Installing Icinga DB on Debian
+<!-- {% set debian = True %} -->
+<!-- {% include "02-Installation.md" %} -->
diff --git a/doc/02-Installation.md.d/04-RHEL.md b/doc/02-Installation.md.d/04-RHEL.md
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+# Installing Icinga DB on RHEL
+<!-- {% set rhel = True %} -->
+<!-- {% include "02-Installation.md" %} -->
diff --git a/doc/02-Installation.md.d/05-SLES.md b/doc/02-Installation.md.d/05-SLES.md
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+++ b/doc/02-Installation.md.d/05-SLES.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Installing Icinga DB on SLES
+<!-- {% set sles = True %} -->
+<!-- {% include "02-Installation.md" %} -->
diff --git a/doc/02-Installation.md.d/06-Ubuntu.md b/doc/02-Installation.md.d/06-Ubuntu.md
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+++ b/doc/02-Installation.md.d/06-Ubuntu.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Installing Icinga DB on Ubuntu
+<!-- {% set ubuntu = True %} -->
+<!-- {% include "02-Installation.md" %} -->
diff --git a/doc/03-Configuration.md b/doc/03-Configuration.md
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+# Configuration
+
+The configuration is stored in `/etc/icingadb/config.yml`.
+See [config.example.yml](../config.example.yml) for an example configuration.
+
+## Redis Configuration
+
+Connection configuration for the Redis server where Icinga 2 writes its configuration, state and history items.
+This is the same connection as configured in the
+[Icinga DB feature](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-2/latest/doc/14-features/#icinga-db) of
+the corresponding Icinga 2 node. High availability setups require a dedicated Redis server per Icinga 2 node and
+therefore a dedicated Icinga DB instance that connects to it.
+
+| Option   | Description                                                                                                                        |
+|----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| host     | **Required.** Redis host or absolute Unix socket path.                                                                             |
+| port     | **Optional.** Redis port. Defaults to `6380` since the Redis server provided by the `icingadb-redis` package listens on that port. |
+| password | **Optional.** The password to use.                                                                                                 |
+| tls      | **Optional.** Whether to use TLS.                                                                                                  |
+| cert     | **Optional.** Path to TLS client certificate.                                                                                      |
+| key      | **Optional.** Path to TLS private key.                                                                                             |
+| ca       | **Optional.** Path to TLS CA certificate.                                                                                          |
+| insecure | **Optional.** Whether not to verify the peer.                                                                                      |
+
+## Database Configuration
+
+Connection configuration for the database to which Icinga DB synchronizes monitoring data.
+This is also the database used in
+[Icinga DB Web](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-db/latest/icinga-db-web/doc/01-About/) to view and work with the data.
+In high availability setups, all Icinga DB instances must write to the same database.
+
+| Option   | Description                                                                                            |
+|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| type     | **Optional.** Either `mysql` (default) or `pgsql`.                                                     |
+| host     | **Required.** Database host or absolute Unix socket path.                                              |
+| port     | **Optional.** Database port. By default, the MySQL or PostgreSQL port, depending on the database type. |
+| database | **Required.** Database name.                                                                           |
+| user     | **Required.** Database username.                                                                       |
+| password | **Optional.** Database password.                                                                       |
+| tls      | **Optional.** Whether to use TLS.                                                                      |
+| cert     | **Optional.** Path to TLS client certificate.                                                          |
+| key      | **Optional.** Path to TLS private key.                                                                 |
+| ca       | **Optional.** Path to TLS CA certificate.                                                              |
+| insecure | **Optional.** Whether not to verify the peer.                                                          |
+
+## Logging Configuration
+
+Configuration of the logging component used by Icinga DB.
+
+| Option   | Description                                                                                                                                                                                              |
+|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| level    | **Optional.** Specifies the default logging level. Can be set to `fatal`, `error`, `warn`, `info` or `debug`. Defaults to `info`.                                                                        |
+| output   | **Optional.** Configures the logging output. Can be set to `console` (stderr) or `systemd-journald`. If not set, logs to systemd-journald when running under systemd, otherwise stderr.                  |
+| interval | **Optional.** Interval for periodic logging defined as [duration string](#duration-string). Defaults to `"20s"`.                                                                                         |
+| options  | **Optional.** Map of component name to logging level in order to set a different logging level for each component instead of the default one. See [logging components](#logging-components) for details. |
+
+### Logging Components
+
+| Component         | Description                                                                    |
+|-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| config-sync       | Config object synchronization between Redis and MySQL.                         |
+| database          | Database connection status and queries.                                        |
+| dump-signals      | Dump signals received from Icinga.                                             |
+| heartbeat         | Icinga heartbeats received through Redis.                                      |
+| high-availability | Manages responsibility of Icinga DB instances.                                 |
+| history-sync      | Synchronization of history entries from Redis to MySQL.                        |
+| overdue-sync      | Calculation and synchronization of the overdue status of checkables.           |
+| redis             | Redis connection status and queries.                                           |
+| retention         | Deletes historical data that exceed their configured retention period.         |
+| runtime-updates   | Runtime updates of config objects after the initial config synchronization.    |
+| telemetry         | Reporting of Icinga DB status to Icinga 2 via Redis (for monitoring purposes). |
+
+## Retention
+
+By default, no historical data is deleted, which means that the longer the data is retained,
+the more disk space is required to store it.  History retention is an optional feature that allows to
+limit the number of days that historical data is available for each history category.
+There are separate options for the full history tables used to display history information in the web interface and
+SLA tables which store the minimal information required for SLA reporting,
+allowing to keep this information for longer with a smaller storage footprint.
+
+| Option       | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
+|--------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| history-days | **Optional.** Number of days to retain historical data for all history categories. Use `options` in order to enable retention only for specific categories or to override the retention days configured here. |
+| sla-days     | **Optional.** Number of days to retain historical data for SLA reporting.                                                                                                                                     |
+| options      | **Optional.** Map of history category to number of days to retain its data. Available categories are `acknowledgement`, `comment`, `downtime`, `flapping`, `notification`, `sla` and `state`.                 |
+
+## Appendix
+
+### Duration String
+
+A duration string is a sequence of decimal numbers and a unit suffix, such as `"20s"`.
+Valid units are `"ms"`, `"s"`, `"m"` and `"h"`.
diff --git a/doc/04-Upgrading.md b/doc/04-Upgrading.md
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+# Upgrading Icinga DB
+
+Specific version upgrades are described below. Please note that version upgrades are incremental.
+If you are upgrading across multiple versions, make sure to follow the steps for each of them.
+
+## Upgrading to Icinga DB v1.0
+
+**Requirements**
+
+* You need at least Icinga 2 version 2.13.4 to run Icinga DB v1.0.0.
+
+**Database Schema**
+
+* For MySQL databases, please apply the `1.0.0.sql` upgrade script.
+  For package installations, you can find this file at `/usr/share/doc/icingadb/schema/mysql/upgrades/`.
+
+## Upgrading to Icinga DB RC2
+
+Icinga DB RC2 is a complete rewrite compared to RC1. Because of this, a lot has changed in the Redis and database
+schema, which is why they have to be deleted and recreated. The configuration file has changed from `icingadb.ini`
+to `config.yml`. Instead of the INI format, we are now using YAML and have introduced more configuration options. We
+have also changed the packages of `icingadb-redis`, which is why the Redis CLI commands are now prefixed with `icingadb`
+instead of just `icinga`, i.e. the Redis CLI is now accessed via `icingadb-redis-cli`.
+
+Please follow the steps below to upgrade to Icinga DB RC2:
+
+1. Stop Icinga 2 and Icinga DB.
+2. Flush your Redis instances using `icinga-redis-cli flushall` (note the `icinga` prefix as we did not
+   upgrade `icingadb-redis` yet) and stop them afterwards.
+3. Upgrade Icinga 2 to version 2.13.2 or newer.
+4. Remove the `icinga-redis` package where installed as it may conflict with `icingadb-redis`.
+5. Install Icinga DB Redis (`icingadb-redis`) on your primary Icinga 2 nodes to version 6.2.6 or newer.
+6. Upgrade Icinga DB to RC2.
+7. Drop the Icinga DB MySQL database and recreate it using the provided schema.
+8. Start Icinga DB Redis, Icinga 2 and Icinga DB.
diff --git a/doc/05-Distributed-Setups.md b/doc/05-Distributed-Setups.md
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+# Distributed Setups
+
+## High Availability
+
+High availability functionality is built directly into Icinga DB and
+can be deployed without additional third-party components.
+
+![Icinga DB HA](images/icingadb-ha.png)
+
+First, you need an Icinga 2 high availability setup with two master nodes, such as described
+[here](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-2/latest/doc/06-distributed-monitoring#high-availability-master-with-agents).
+
+Each of the master nodes must have the Icinga DB feature enabled and
+have their own dedicated Redis server set up for it, so that each node writes the monitoring data separately.
+The setup steps per node are no different from a single node setup and can be found in the
+[Icinga 2 installation documentation](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-2/latest/doc/02-installation).
+Each Redis server will always have the complete data available as long as
+its corresponding Icinga 2 master is running and writing to its Redis.
+This is because the Icinga 2 master nodes synchronize their data and events with each other as long as
+they are connected,
+and each takes over the entire configuration in case the other node or their connection to each other fails.
+
+For each Redis server you need to set up its own dedicated Icinga DB instance that connects to it,
+but the Icinga DB instances must write to the same database, which of course can be replicated or a cluster.
+So the steps from the standard
+[Icinga DB installation documentation](https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-db/latest/doc/02-installation)
+can be followed. However, as mentioned, the database only needs to be set up once.
+
+All in all, an Icinga DB HA environment involves setting up two Icinga 2 master nodes, two Redis servers,
+two Icinga DB instances and one database.
+
+Please read the note about the [environment ID](#environment-id),
+which is common to all Icinga DB components and generated by Icinga 2's Icinga DB feature.
+
+There is only one Icinga DB instance at a time,
+which is responsible for performing database operations in the following areas:
+
+* Synchronizing configuration, also across Icinga 2 restarts.
+* Performing configuration runtime updates made via the Icinga 2 API.
+* Updating recent host and service states.
+* Flagging hosts and services that are overdue for updates.
+* Deleting history items that have exceeded their configured retention time.
+
+However, both Icinga DB instances write all events relevant to the history of hosts and services to the database.
+This way, no data is lost if one of the Icinga 2 masters is unavailable or if their connection to each other fails.
+
+Which Icinga DB instance is responsible is determined by a specific database operation that
+can only be performed by one instance first.
+In the case of concurrent operations, simply put, only one wins via a locking mechanism.
+Of course, this is only true if the environment is healthy.
+Icinga DB is not trying to be responsible if its corresponding Redis server is unavailable or
+Icinga 2 is not writing data to Redis.
+If Icinga 2 or Redis become unavailable for more than 60 seconds,
+Icinga DB releases responsibility so the other instance can take over.
+
+## Multiple Environments
+
+Icinga DB supports synchronization of monitoring data from multiple different Icinga environments into
+a single database. This allows Icinga DB Web to provide a centralized view of the data.
+Although everything is prepared in Icinga DB, there is no full support in Icinga DB Web yet.
+As soon as it is ready, the documentation will be adapted and the feature will be explained in more detail.
+
+![Icinga DB Envs](images/icingadb-envs.png)
+
+## Environment ID
+
+!!! important
+
+    Icinga 2 generates a unique environment ID from its CA certificate when it is first started with the
+    Icinga DB feature enabled. The ID is used in all Icinga DB components to separate data from
+    multiple different environments and is written to the file `/var/lib/icinga2/icingadb.env` by Icinga 2.
+
+    It is strictly recommended not to change this ID afterwards, as all data would be resynchronized and
+    the old ones would remain in the database, resulting in duplicate data. As long as the file remains,
+    Icinga 2 will not regenerate the environment ID. This is also true if the CA is changed to avoid duplicate data.
+    Special care should be taken if you add or redeploy the master node(s) and
+    as a result or over time the CA has changed, which would result in a new environment ID.
+    If this is the case, make sure you copy the file between your Icinga 2 masters to get a consistent ID.
+
+    For high-availability setups, it is a good idea to enable the Icinga DB feature on the secondary master after
+    you have successfully connected from/to the primary master so that the certificates are set up properly.
+    The secondary master will then generate the same environment ID since it is working with the same CA certificate.
+
+    In any case make sure that the file `/var/lib/icinga2/icingadb.env` does not change over time and
+    is the same on all Icinga 2 master nodes per environment.
diff --git a/doc/06-Migration.md b/doc/06-Migration.md
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+# Migration from IDO
+
+Migrating from the IDO feature to Icinga DB starts by setting up Icinga DB. To
+do so, please follow the [installation instructions]. The Icinga DB feature can
+be enabled in parallel to the IDO, allowing you to perform the migration while
+the IDO is still running.
+
+After setting up Icinga DB, all Icinga objects and their current state should
+already show up in Icinga DB Web as this information is synced from Icinga 2.
+At this point, the old host and service history is missing in Icinga DB. If it
+is desired to keep it, this information has to be migrated explicitly from the
+old IDO database. To do so, follow the instructions below.
+
+## History
+
+To migrate history data from the [IDO] database, the Icinga DB Migration
+commandline tool is provided. If you have installed Icinga DB from our
+packages, it is automatically installed as well.
+
+### Preparing the Configuration
+
+Please take the [example configuration] as a starting point and copy it to the
+host you will perform the migration on.  The following sections will guide you
+through how to adjust it for your needs.
+
+#### Environment ID
+
+Icinga DB allows writing multiple Icinga environments to the same database.
+Thus, you have to tell the migration tool for which environment you want to
+migrate the history. On each Icinga 2 node that has the Icinga DB feature
+enabled, the environment ID is written to the file
+`/var/lib/icinga2/icingadb.env`. Please use the contents of this file for the
+`env` option in the section `icinga2`.
+
+#### Database Connection
+
+The migration tool needs to access both the IDO and the Icinga DB databases.
+Please specify the connection details in the corresponding `ido` and `icingadb`
+sections of the configuration.
+
+Both the IDO and Icinga DB support MySQL and PostgreSQL. You can migrate from
+and to both types, including from one type to the other.
+
+#### Input Time Range
+
+The migration tool allows you to restrict the time range of the history events
+to be migrated. This is controlled by the options `from` and `to` in the `ido`
+section of the configuration. Both options can be set to Unix timestamps.
+
+It is recommended to set the `to` option to a cutoff time at which the history
+in the Icinga DB database switches from migrated events to events written
+directly by Icinga DB. If you kept running the IDO in parallel to Icinga DB and
+do not do this, there will be duplicate events for the time both were running.
+
+You can query the time of the first history event written by Icinga DB by
+running this query in its database:
+
+```
+SELECT MIN(event_time)/1000 FROM history;
+```
+
+In case you had trouble setting up Icinga DB or this is not the first time you
+are setting up Icinga DB, please make sure to double-check this timestamp and
+adjust it accordingly if it is not what you expect.
+
+!!! tip
+
+    You can convert between Unix timestamps and a human-readable format using the `date` command:
+
+    * Unix timestamp to readable date: `date -d @1667219820`
+    * Current date/time to Unix timestamp: `date +%s`
+    * Specific date/time to Unix timestamp: `date -d '2022-01-01 00:00:00' +%s`
+    * Relative date/time to Unix timestamp: `date -d '-1 year' +%s`
+
+Similarly, you can use `from` to limit how much old history gets migrated.
+
+### Cache Directory
+
+Choose a (not necessarily yet existing) directory for Icinga DB Migration's
+internal cache. If either there isn't much to migrate or the migration
+process won't be interrupted by a reboot (of the machine
+Icinga DB migration/database runs on), `mktemp -d` is enough.
+
+### Run the Migration
+
+To start the actual migration, execute the following command:
+
+```shell
+icingadb-migrate -c icingadb-migration.yml -t ~/icingadb-migration.cache
+```
+
+In case this command was interrupted, you can run it again. It will continue
+where it left off and reuse the cache if it is still present.
+
+!!! tip
+
+    If there is much to migrate, use e.g. tmux to
+    protect yourself against SSH connection losses.
+
+[installation instructions]: 02-Installation.md
+[IDO]: https://icinga.com/docs/icinga-2/latest/doc/14-features/#ido-database-db-ido
+[example configuration]: icingadb-migration.example.yml
diff --git a/doc/icingadb-migration.example.yml b/doc/icingadb-migration.example.yml
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+icinga2:
+  # Content of /var/lib/icinga2/icingadb.env
+  env: "da39a3e..."
+
+# IDO database
+ido:
+  type: mysql # or "pgsql" for PostgreSQL
+  host: 192.0.2.1
+  #port: 3306
+  database: icinga
+  user: icinga
+  password: CHANGEME
+
+  # Input time range
+  #from: 0
+  #to: 2147483647
+
+# Icinga DB database
+icingadb:
+  type: mysql # or "pgsql" for PostgreSQL
+  host: 2001:db8::1
+  #port: 3306
+  database: icingadb
+  user: icingadb
+  password: CHANGEME
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