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+/**
+ * @file out.h
+ * @author Radek Krejci <rkrejci@cesnet.cz>
+ * @brief libyang output structures and functions
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2015-2020 CESNET, z.s.p.o.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under BSD 3-Clause License (the "License").
+ * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
+ */
+
+#ifndef LY_OUT_H_
+#define LY_OUT_H_
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#  define ssize_t SSIZE_T
+#endif
+
+#include "log.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * @page howtoOutput Output Processing
+ *
+ * libyang provides a mechanism to generalize work with the outputs (and [inputs](@ref howtoInput)) of
+ * the different types. The ::ly_out handler can be created providing necessary information connected with the specific
+ * output type and then used throughout the printers functions. The API allows to combine output from libyang (data or schema)
+ * printers and output directly provided by the caller (via ::ly_print() or ::ly_write()).
+ *
+ * Using a generic output handler avoids need to have a set of functions for each printer functionality and results in simpler API.
+ *
+ * The API allows to alter the target of the data behind the handler by another target (of the same type). Also resetting
+ * a seekable output is possible with ::ly_out_reset() to re-write the output.
+ *
+ * @note
+ * This mechanism was introduced in libyang 2.0. To simplify transition from libyang 1.0 to version 2.0 and also for
+ * some simple use case where using the output handler would be an overkill, there are some basic printer functions
+ * that do not require output handler. But remember, that functionality of these function can be limited in particular cases
+ * in contrast to the functions using output handlers.
+ *
+ * Functions List
+ * --------------
+ * - ::ly_out_new_clb()
+ * - ::ly_out_new_fd()
+ * - ::ly_out_new_file()
+ * - ::ly_out_new_filepath()
+ * - ::ly_out_new_memory()
+ *
+ * - ::ly_out_clb()
+ * - ::ly_out_clb_arg()
+ * - ::ly_out_fd()
+ * - ::ly_out_file()
+ * - ::ly_out_filepath()
+ * - ::ly_out_memory()
+ *
+ * - ::ly_out_type()
+ * - ::ly_out_printed()
+ *
+ * - ::ly_out_reset()
+ * - ::ly_out_free()
+ *
+ * - ::ly_print()
+ * - ::ly_print_flush()
+ * - ::ly_write()
+ *
+ * libyang Printers List
+ * --------------------
+ * - @subpage howtoSchemaPrinters
+ * - @subpage howtoDataPrinters
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @struct ly_out
+ * @brief Printer output structure specifying where the data are printed.
+ */
+struct ly_out;
+
+/**
+ * @brief Common value for data as well as schema printers to avoid formatting indentations and new lines
+ */
+#define LY_PRINT_SHRINK 0x02
+
+/**
+ * @brief Types of the printer's output
+ */
+typedef enum LY_OUT_TYPE {
+    LY_OUT_ERROR = -1,  /**< error value to indicate failure of the functions returning LY_OUT_TYPE */
+    LY_OUT_FD,          /**< file descriptor printer */
+    LY_OUT_FDSTREAM,    /**< internal replacement for LY_OUT_FD in case vdprintf() is not available */
+    LY_OUT_FILE,        /**< FILE stream printer */
+    LY_OUT_FILEPATH,    /**< filepath printer */
+    LY_OUT_MEMORY,      /**< memory printer */
+    LY_OUT_CALLBACK     /**< callback printer */
+} LY_OUT_TYPE;
+
+/**
+ * @brief Get output type of the printer handler.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Printer handler.
+ * @return Type of the printer's output.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL LY_OUT_TYPE ly_out_type(const struct ly_out *out);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Reset the output medium to write from its beginning, so the following printer function will rewrite the current data
+ * instead of appending.
+ *
+ * Note that in case the underlying output is not seekable (stream referring a pipe/FIFO/socket or the callback output type),
+ * nothing actually happens despite the function succeeds. Also note that the medium is not returned to the state it was when
+ * the handler was created. For example, file is seeked into the offset zero and truncated, the content from the time it was opened with
+ * ::ly_out_new_file() is not restored.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Printer handler.
+ * @return LY_SUCCESS in case of success
+ * @return LY_ESYS in case of failure
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL LY_ERR ly_out_reset(struct ly_out *out);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Generic write callback for data printed by libyang.
+ *
+ * @param[in] user_data Optional caller-specific argument.
+ * @param[in] buf Data to write.
+ * @param[in] count Number of bytes to write.
+ * @return Number of printed bytes.
+ * @return Negative value in case of error.
+ */
+typedef ssize_t (*ly_write_clb)(void *user_data, const void *buf, size_t count);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Create printer handler using callback printer function.
+ *
+ * @param[in] writeclb Pointer to the printer callback function writing the data (see write(2)).
+ * @param[in] user_data Optional caller-specific argument to be passed to the @p writeclb callback.
+ * @param[out] out Created printer handler supposed to be passed to different ly*_print() functions.
+ * @return LY_SUCCESS in case of success
+ * @return LY_EMEM in case allocating the @p out handler fails.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL LY_ERR ly_out_new_clb(ly_write_clb writeclb, void *user_data, struct ly_out **out);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Get or reset callback function associated with a callback printer handler.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Printer handler.
+ * @param[in] writeclb Optional argument providing a new printer callback function for the handler. If NULL, only the current
+ * printer callback is returned.
+ * @return Previous printer callback.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL ly_write_clb ly_out_clb(struct ly_out *out, ly_write_clb writeclb);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Get or reset callback function's argument associated with a callback printer handler.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Printer handler.
+ * @param[in] arg caller-specific argument to be passed to the callback function associated with the printer handler.
+ * If NULL, only the current file descriptor value is returned.
+ * @return The previous callback argument.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL void *ly_out_clb_arg(struct ly_out *out, void *arg);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Create printer handler using file descriptor.
+ *
+ * @param[in] fd File descriptor to use.
+ * @param[out] out Created printer handler supposed to be passed to different ly*_print() functions.
+ * @return LY_SUCCESS in case of success
+ * @return LY_ERR value in case of failure.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL LY_ERR ly_out_new_fd(int fd, struct ly_out **out);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Get or reset file descriptor printer handler.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Printer handler.
+ * @param[in] fd Optional value of a new file descriptor for the handler. If -1, only the current file descriptor value is returned.
+ * @return Previous value of the file descriptor. Note that caller is responsible for closing the returned file descriptor in case of setting new descriptor @p fd.
+ * @return -1 in case of error when setting up the new file descriptor.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL int ly_out_fd(struct ly_out *out, int fd);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Create printer handler using file stream.
+ *
+ * @param[in] f File stream to use.
+ * @param[out] out Created printer handler supposed to be passed to different ly*_print() functions.
+ * @return LY_SUCCESS in case of success
+ * @return LY_ERR value in case of failure.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL LY_ERR ly_out_new_file(FILE *f, struct ly_out **out);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Get or reset file stream printer handler.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Printer handler.
+ * @param[in] f Optional new file stream for the handler. If NULL, only the current file stream is returned.
+ * @return Previous file stream of the handler. Note that caller is responsible for closing the returned stream in case of setting new stream @p f.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL FILE *ly_out_file(struct ly_out *out, FILE *f);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Create printer handler using memory to dump data.
+ *
+ * @param[in] strp Pointer to store the resulting data. If it points to a pointer to an allocated buffer and
+ * @p size of the buffer is set, the buffer is used (and extended if needed) to store the printed data.
+ * @param[in] size Size of the buffer provided via @p strp. In case it is 0, the buffer for the printed data
+ * is newly allocated even if @p strp points to a pointer to an existing buffer.
+ * @param[out] out Created printer handler supposed to be passed to different ly*_print() functions.
+ * @return LY_SUCCESS in case of success
+ * @return LY_ERR value in case of failure.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL LY_ERR ly_out_new_memory(char **strp, size_t size, struct ly_out **out);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Get or change memory where the data are dumped.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Printer handler.
+ * @param[in] strp Optional new string pointer to store the resulting data, same rules as in ::ly_out_new_memory() are applied.
+ * @param[in] size Size of the buffer provided via @p strp. In case it is 0, the buffer for the printed data
+ * is newly allocated even if @p strp points to a pointer to an existing buffer. In case the @p strp is NULL, this
+ * parameter is ignored.
+ * @return Previous dumped data. Note that the caller is responsible to free the data in case of changing string pointer @p strp.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL char *ly_out_memory(struct ly_out *out, char **strp, size_t size);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Create printer handler file of the given filename.
+ *
+ * @param[in] filepath Path of the file where to write data.
+ * @param[out] out Created printer handler supposed to be passed to different ly*_print() functions.
+ * @return NULL in case of error.
+ * @return Created printer handler supposed to be passed to different ly*_print_*() functions.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL LY_ERR ly_out_new_filepath(const char *filepath, struct ly_out **out);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Get or change the filepath of the file where the printer prints the data.
+ *
+ * Note that in case of changing the filepath, the current file is closed and a new one is
+ * created/opened instead of renaming the previous file. Also note that the previous filepath
+ * string is returned only in case of not changing it's value.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Printer handler.
+ * @param[in] filepath Optional new filepath for the handler. If and only if NULL, the current filepath string is returned.
+ * @return Previous filepath string in case the @p filepath argument is NULL.
+ * @return NULL if changing filepath succeeds and ((void *)-1) otherwise.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL const char *ly_out_filepath(struct ly_out *out, const char *filepath);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Generic printer of the given format string into the specified output.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, ::ly_write() can be used.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Output specification.
+ * @param[in] format Format string to be printed.
+ * @return LY_ERR value, get number of the printed bytes using ::ly_out_printed.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL LY_ERR ly_print(struct ly_out *out, const char *format, ...);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Flush the output from any internal buffers and clean any auxiliary data.
+ * @param[in] out Output specification.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL void ly_print_flush(struct ly_out *out);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Generic printer of the given string buffer into the specified output.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, ::ly_print() can be used.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Output specification.
+ * @param[in] buf Memory buffer with the data to print.
+ * @param[in] len Length of the data to print in the @p buf.
+ * @return LY_ERR value, get number of the printed bytes using ::ly_out_printed.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL LY_ERR ly_write(struct ly_out *out, const char *buf, size_t len);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Get the number of printed bytes by the last function.
+ *
+ * @param[in] out Out structure used.
+ * @return Number of printed bytes.
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL size_t ly_out_printed(const struct ly_out *out);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Free the printer handler.
+ * @param[in] out Printer handler to free.
+ * @param[in] clb_arg_destructor Freeing function for printer callback (LY_OUT_CALLBACK) argument.
+ * @param[in] destroy Flag to free allocated buffer (for LY_OUT_MEMORY) or to
+ * close stream/file descriptor (for LY_OUT_FD, LY_OUT_FDSTREAM and LY_OUT_FILE)
+ */
+LIBYANG_API_DECL void ly_out_free(struct ly_out *out, void (*clb_arg_destructor)(void *arg), ly_bool destroy);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* LY_OUT_H_ */