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Diffstat (limited to 'tools/include/nolibc/nolibc.h')
-rw-r--r-- | tools/include/nolibc/nolibc.h | 111 |
1 files changed, 111 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/tools/include/nolibc/nolibc.h b/tools/include/nolibc/nolibc.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b2bc48d3c --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/include/nolibc/nolibc.h @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1 OR MIT */ +/* nolibc.h + * Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu> + */ + +/* + * This file is designed to be used as a libc alternative for minimal programs + * with very limited requirements. It consists of a small number of syscall and + * type definitions, and the minimal startup code needed to call main(). + * All syscalls are declared as static functions so that they can be optimized + * away by the compiler when not used. + * + * Syscalls are split into 3 levels: + * - The lower level is the arch-specific syscall() definition, consisting in + * assembly code in compound expressions. These are called my_syscall0() to + * my_syscall6() depending on the number of arguments. The MIPS + * implementation is limited to 5 arguments. All input arguments are cast + * to a long stored in a register. These expressions always return the + * syscall's return value as a signed long value which is often either a + * pointer or the negated errno value. + * + * - The second level is mostly architecture-independent. It is made of + * static functions called sys_<name>() which rely on my_syscallN() + * depending on the syscall definition. These functions are responsible + * for exposing the appropriate types for the syscall arguments (int, + * pointers, etc) and for setting the appropriate return type (often int). + * A few of them are architecture-specific because the syscalls are not all + * mapped exactly the same among architectures. For example, some archs do + * not implement select() and need pselect6() instead, so the sys_select() + * function will have to abstract this. + * + * - The third level is the libc call definition. It exposes the lower raw + * sys_<name>() calls in a way that looks like what a libc usually does, + * takes care of specific input values, and of setting errno upon error. + * There can be minor variations compared to standard libc calls. For + * example the open() call always takes 3 args here. + * + * The errno variable is declared static and unused. This way it can be + * optimized away if not used. However this means that a program made of + * multiple C files may observe different errno values (one per C file). For + * the type of programs this project targets it usually is not a problem. The + * resulting program may even be reduced by defining the NOLIBC_IGNORE_ERRNO + * macro, in which case the errno value will never be assigned. + * + * Some stdint-like integer types are defined. These are valid on all currently + * supported architectures, because signs are enforced, ints are assumed to be + * 32 bits, longs the size of a pointer and long long 64 bits. If more + * architectures have to be supported, this may need to be adapted. + * + * Some macro definitions like the O_* values passed to open(), and some + * structures like the sys_stat struct depend on the architecture. + * + * The definitions start with the architecture-specific parts, which are picked + * based on what the compiler knows about the target architecture, and are + * completed with the generic code. Since it is the compiler which sets the + * target architecture, cross-compiling normally works out of the box without + * having to specify anything. + * + * Finally some very common libc-level functions are provided. It is the case + * for a few functions usually found in string.h, ctype.h, or stdlib.h. + * + * The nolibc.h file is only a convenient entry point which includes all other + * files. It also defines the NOLIBC macro, so that it is possible for a + * program to check this macro to know if it is being built against and decide + * to disable some features or simply not to include some standard libc files. + * + * A simple static executable may be built this way : + * $ gcc -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -fno-ident -s -Os -nostdlib \ + * -static -include nolibc.h -o hello hello.c -lgcc + * + * Simple programs meant to be reasonably portable to various libc and using + * only a few common includes, may also be built by simply making the include + * path point to the nolibc directory: + * $ gcc -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -fno-ident -s -Os -nostdlib \ + * -I../nolibc -o hello hello.c -lgcc + * + * The available standard (but limited) include files are: + * ctype.h, errno.h, signal.h, stdio.h, stdlib.h, string.h, time.h + * + * In addition, the following ones are expected to be provided by the compiler: + * float.h, stdarg.h, stddef.h + * + * The following ones which are part to the C standard are not provided: + * assert.h, locale.h, math.h, setjmp.h, limits.h + * + * A very useful calling convention table may be found here : + * http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/syscall.2.html + * + * This doc is quite convenient though not necessarily up to date : + * https://w3challs.com/syscalls/ + * + */ +#ifndef _NOLIBC_H +#define _NOLIBC_H + +#include "std.h" +#include "arch.h" +#include "types.h" +#include "sys.h" +#include "ctype.h" +#include "signal.h" +#include "stdio.h" +#include "stdlib.h" +#include "string.h" +#include "time.h" +#include "unistd.h" + +/* Used by programs to avoid std includes */ +#define NOLIBC + +#endif /* _NOLIBC_H */ |