Adding upstream version 20221122+ds.upstream/20221122+dsupstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 1274 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/sql b/src/sql
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index 0000000..822c07c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/sql
@@ -0,0 +1,1274 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+
+# Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Ole Tange, http://ole.tange.dk
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2010-2022 Ole Tange, http://ole.tange.dk and
+# Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+# or write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St,
+# Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+#
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2008-2022 Ole Tange, http://ole.tange.dk and Free Software and Foundation, Inc.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.3-or-later
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+sql - execute a command on a database determined by a dburl
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+B<sql> [options] I<dburl> [I<commands>]
+
+B<sql> [options] I<dburl> < commandfile
+
+B<#!/usr/bin/sql> B<--shebang> [options] I<dburl>
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+GNU B<sql> aims to give a simple, unified interface for accessing
+databases through all the different databases' command line
+clients. So far the focus has been on giving a common way to specify
+login information (protocol, username, password, hostname, and port
+number), size (database and table size), and running queries.
+
+The database is addressed using a DBURL. If I<commands> are left out
+you will get that database's interactive shell.
+
+GNU B<sql> is often used in combination with GNU B<parallel>.
+
+=over 9
+
+=item I<dburl>
+
+A DBURL has the following syntax:
+[sql:]vendor://
+[[user][:password]@][host][:port]/[database][?sqlquery]
+
+See the section DBURL below.
+
+=item I<commands>
+
+The SQL commands to run. Each argument will have a newline
+appended.
+
+Example: "SELECT * FROM foo;" "SELECT * FROM bar;"
+
+If the arguments contain '\n' or '\x0a' this will be replaced with a
+newline:
+
+Example: "SELECT * FROM foo;\n SELECT * FROM bar;"
+
+If no commands are given SQL is read from the keyboard or STDIN.
+
+Example: echo 'SELECT * FROM foo;' | sql mysql:///
+
+
+=item B<--csv> (beta testing)
+
+CSV output.
+
+
+=item B<--db-size>
+
+=item B<--dbsize>
+
+Size of database. Show the size of the database on disk. For Oracle
+this requires access to read the table I<dba_data_files> - the user
+I<system> has that.
+
+
+=item B<--help>
+
+=item B<-h>
+
+Print a summary of the options to GNU B<sql> and exit.
+
+
+=item B<--html>
+
+HTML output. Turn on HTML tabular output.
+
+
+=item B<--json> (beta testing)
+
+=item B<--pretty> (beta testing)
+
+Pretty JSON output.
+
+
+=item B<--list-databases>
+
+=item B<--listdbs>
+
+=item B<--show-databases>
+
+=item B<--showdbs>
+
+List the databases (table spaces) in the database.
+
+
+=item B<--listproc>
+
+=item B<--proclist>
+
+=item B<--show-processlist>
+
+Show the list of running queries.
+
+
+=item B<--list-tables>
+
+=item B<--show-tables>
+
+=item B<--table-list>
+
+List the tables in the database.
+
+
+=item B<--noheaders>
+
+=item B<--no-headers>
+
+=item B<-n>
+
+Remove headers and footers and print only tuples. Bug in Oracle: it
+still prints number of rows found.
+
+
+=item B<-p> I<pass-through>
+
+The string following -p will be given to the database connection
+program as arguments. Multiple -p's will be joined with
+space. Example: pass '-U' and the user name to the program:
+
+I<-p "-U scott"> can also be written I<-p -U -p scott>.
+
+
+=item B<--precision> <I<rfc3339|h|m|s|ms|u|ns>>
+
+Precision of timestamps.
+
+Specifiy the format of the output timestamps: rfc3339, h, m, s, ms, u
+or ns.
+
+
+=item B<-r>
+
+Try 3 times. Short version of I<--retries 3>.
+
+
+=item B<--retries> I<ntimes>
+
+Try I<ntimes> times. If the client program returns with an error,
+retry the command. Default is I<--retries 1>.
+
+
+=item B<--sep> I<string>
+
+=item B<-s> I<string>
+
+Field separator. Use I<string> as separator between columns.
+
+
+=item B<--skip-first-line>
+
+Do not use the first line of input (used by GNU B<sql> itself
+when called with B<--shebang>).
+
+
+=item B<--table-size>
+
+=item B<--tablesize>
+
+Size of tables. Show the size of the tables in the database.
+
+
+=item B<--verbose>
+
+=item B<-v>
+
+Print which command is sent.
+
+
+=item B<--version>
+
+=item B<-V>
+
+Print the version GNU B<sql> and exit.
+
+
+=item B<--shebang>
+
+=item B<-Y>
+
+GNU B<sql> can be called as a shebang (#!) command as the first line of a script. Like this:
+
+  #!/usr/bin/sql -Y mysql:///
+
+  SELECT * FROM foo;
+
+For this to work B<--shebang> or B<-Y> must be set as the first option.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 DBURL
+
+A DBURL has the following syntax:
+[sql:]vendor://
+[[user][:password]@][host][:port]/[database][?sqlquery]
+
+To quote special characters use %-encoding specified in
+http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.1 (E.g. a password
+containing '/' would contain '%2F').
+
+Examples:
+
+ mysql://scott:tiger@my.example.com/mydb
+ influxdb://scott:tiger@influxdb.example.com/foo
+ sql:oracle://scott:tiger@ora.example.com/xe
+ postgresql://scott:tiger@pg.example.com/pgdb
+ pg:///
+ postgresqlssl://scott@pg.example.com:3333/pgdb
+ sql:sqlite2:////tmp/db.sqlite?SELECT * FROM foo;
+ sqlite3:///../db.sqlite3?SELECT%20*%20FROM%20foo;
+
+Currently supported vendors: MySQL (mysql), MySQL with SSL (mysqls,
+mysqlssl), Oracle (oracle, ora), PostgreSQL (postgresql, pg, pgsql,
+postgres), PostgreSQL with SSL (postgresqlssl, pgs, pgsqlssl,
+postgresssl, pgssl, postgresqls, pgsqls, postgress), SQLite2 (sqlite,
+sqlite2), SQLite3 (sqlite3), InfluxDB 1.x (influx, influxdb), InfluxDB
+with SSL (influxdbssl, influxdbs, influxs, influxssl)
+
+Aliases must start with ':' and are read from
+/etc/sql/aliases and ~/.sql/aliases. The user's own
+~/.sql/aliases should only be readable by the user.
+
+Example of aliases:
+
+ :myalias1 pg://scott:tiger@pg.example.com/pgdb
+ :myalias2 ora://scott:tiger@ora.example.com/xe
+ # Short form of mysql://`whoami`:nopassword@localhost:3306/`whoami`
+ :myalias3 mysql:///
+ # Short form of mysql://`whoami`:nopassword@localhost:33333/mydb
+ :myalias4 mysql://:33333/mydb
+ # Alias for an alias
+ :m      :myalias4
+ # the sortest alias possible
+ :       sqlite2:////tmp/db.sqlite
+ # Including an SQL query
+ :query  sqlite:////tmp/db.sqlite?SELECT * FROM foo;
+
+=head1 EXAMPLES
+
+=head2 Get an interactive prompt
+
+The most basic use of GNU B<sql> is to get an interactive prompt:
+
+B<sql sql:oracle://scott:tiger@ora.example.com/xe>
+
+If you have setup an alias you can do:
+
+B<sql :myora>
+
+
+=head2 Run a query
+
+To run a query directly from the command line:
+
+B<sql :myalias "SELECT * FROM foo;">
+
+Oracle requires newlines after each statement. This can be done like
+this:
+
+B<sql :myora "SELECT * FROM foo;" "SELECT * FROM bar;">
+
+Or this:
+
+B<sql :myora "SELECT * FROM foo;\nSELECT * FROM bar;">
+
+
+=head2 Copy a PostgreSQL database
+
+To copy a PostgreSQL database use pg_dump to generate the dump and GNU
+B<sql> to import it:
+
+B<pg_dump pg_database | sql pg://scott:tiger@pg.example.com/pgdb>
+
+
+=head2 Empty all tables in a MySQL database
+
+Using GNU B<parallel> it is easy to empty all tables without dropping them:
+
+B<sql -n mysql:/// 'show tables' | parallel sql mysql:/// DELETE FROM {};>
+
+
+=head2 Drop all tables in a PostgreSQL database
+
+To drop all tables in a PostgreSQL database do:
+
+B<sql -n pg:/// '\dt' | parallel --colsep '\|' -r sql pg:/// DROP TABLE {2};>
+
+
+=head2 Run as a script
+
+Instead of doing:
+
+B<sql mysql:/// < sqlfile>
+
+you can combine the sqlfile with the DBURL to make a
+UNIX-script. Create a script called I<demosql>:
+
+B<#!/usr/bin/sql -Y mysql:///>
+
+B<SELECT * FROM foo;>
+
+Then do:
+
+B<chmod +x demosql; ./demosql>
+
+
+=head2 Use --colsep to process multiple columns
+
+Use GNU B<parallel>'s B<--colsep> to separate columns:
+
+B<sql -s '\t' :myalias 'SELECT * FROM foo;' | parallel --colsep '\t' do_stuff {4} {1}>
+
+
+=head2 Retry if the connection fails
+
+If the access to the database fails occasionally B<--retries> can help
+make sure the query succeeds:
+
+B<sql --retries 5 :myalias 'SELECT * FROM really_big_foo;'>
+
+
+=head2 Get info about the running database system
+
+Show how big the database is:
+
+B<sql --db-size :myalias>
+
+List the tables:
+
+B<sql --list-tables :myalias>
+
+List the size of the tables:
+
+B<sql --table-size :myalias>
+
+List the running processes:
+
+B<sql --show-processlist :myalias>
+
+
+=head1 REPORTING BUGS
+
+GNU B<sql> is part of GNU B<parallel>. Report bugs to <bug-parallel@gnu.org>.
+
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+When using GNU B<sql> for a publication please cite:
+
+O. Tange (2011): GNU SQL - A Command Line Tool for Accessing Different
+Databases Using DBURLs, ;login: The USENIX Magazine, April 2011:29-32.
+
+Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Ole Tange http://ole.tange.dk
+
+Copyright (C) 2010-2022 Ole Tange, http://ole.tange.dk and Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+=head1 LICENSE
+
+This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+at your option any later version.
+
+This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+=head2 Documentation license I
+
+Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+documentation under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
+Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software
+Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and
+with no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the
+file LICENSES/GFDL-1.3-or-later.txt.
+
+
+=head2 Documentation license II
+
+You are free:
+
+=over 9
+
+=item B<to Share>
+
+to copy, distribute and transmit the work
+
+=item B<to Remix>
+
+to adapt the work
+
+=back
+
+Under the following conditions:
+
+=over 9
+
+=item B<Attribution>
+
+You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or
+licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or
+your use of the work).
+
+=item B<Share Alike>
+
+If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute
+the resulting work only under the same, similar or a compatible
+license.
+
+=back
+
+With the understanding that:
+
+=over 9
+
+=item B<Waiver>
+
+Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from
+the copyright holder.
+
+=item B<Public Domain>
+
+Where the work or any of its elements is in the public domain under
+applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license.
+
+=item B<Other Rights>
+
+In no way are any of the following rights affected by the license:
+
+=over 9
+
+=item *
+
+Your fair dealing or fair use rights, or other applicable
+copyright exceptions and limitations;
+
+=item *
+
+The author's moral rights;
+
+=item *
+
+Rights other persons may have either in the work itself or in
+how the work is used, such as publicity or privacy rights.
+
+=back
+
+=item B<Notice>
+
+For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the
+license terms of this work.
+
+=back
+
+A copy of the full license is included in the file as cc-by-sa.txt.
+
+=head1 DEPENDENCIES
+
+GNU B<sql> uses Perl. If B<mysql> is installed, MySQL dburls will
+work. If B<psql> is installed, PostgreSQL dburls will work.  If
+B<sqlite> is installed, SQLite2 dburls will work.  If B<sqlite3> is
+installed, SQLite3 dburls will work. If B<sqlplus> is installed,
+Oracle dburls will work. If B<rlwrap> is installed, GNU B<sql> will
+have a command history for Oracle.
+
+
+=head1 FILES
+
+~/.sql/aliases - user's own aliases with DBURLs
+
+/etc/sql/aliases - common aliases with DBURLs
+
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+B<mysql>(1), B<psql>(1), B<rlwrap>(1), B<sqlite>(1), B<sqlite3>(1),
+B<sqlplus>(1), B<influx>(1)
+
+=cut
+
+use Getopt::Long;
+use strict;
+use File::Temp qw/tempfile tempdir/;
+
+parse_options();
+
+my $pass_through_options = (defined $::opt_p) ? join(" ",@{$::opt_p}) : "";
+my $dburl_or_alias = shift;
+if (not defined $dburl_or_alias) { Usage("No DBURL given"); exit -1; }
+my %dburl = parse_dburl(get_alias($dburl_or_alias));
+
+my $interactive_command;
+my $batch_command;
+
+my $database_driver = database_driver_alias($dburl{'databasedriver'});
+if($database_driver eq "mysql" or
+   $database_driver eq "mysqlssl") {
+    ($batch_command,$interactive_command) =
+	mysql_commands($database_driver,%dburl);
+} elsif($database_driver eq "postgresql" or
+	$database_driver eq "postgresqlssl") {
+    ($batch_command,$interactive_command) =
+	postgresql_commands($database_driver,%dburl);
+} elsif($database_driver eq "oracle") {
+    ($batch_command,$interactive_command) =
+	oracle_commands($database_driver,%dburl);
+} elsif($database_driver eq "sqlite" or
+	$database_driver eq "sqlite3") {
+    ($batch_command,$interactive_command) =
+	sqlite_commands($database_driver,%dburl);
+} elsif($database_driver eq "influx" or
+	$database_driver eq "influxssl") {
+    ($batch_command,$interactive_command) =
+	influx_commands($database_driver,%dburl);
+}
+
+my $err;
+my $retries;
+$retries ||= defined $::opt_retries ? $::opt_retries : undef;
+$retries ||= defined $::opt_retry ? $::opt_retry * 3 : undef;
+$retries ||= 1;
+
+if(defined $::opt_processlist) {
+    unshift @ARGV, processlist($database_driver,%dburl);
+}
+
+if(defined $::opt_tablelist) {
+    unshift @ARGV, tablelist($database_driver,%dburl);
+}
+
+if(defined $::opt_dblist) {
+    unshift @ARGV, dblist($database_driver,%dburl);
+}
+
+if(defined $::opt_dbsize) {
+    unshift @ARGV, dbsize($database_driver,%dburl);
+}
+
+if(defined $::opt_tablesize) {
+    unshift @ARGV, tablesize($database_driver,%dburl);
+}
+
+my $queryfile = "";
+if($dburl{'query'}) {
+    my $fh;
+    ($fh,$queryfile) = tempfile(SUFFIX => ".sql");
+    print $fh $dburl{'query'},"\n";
+    close $fh;
+    $batch_command = "(cat $queryfile;rm $queryfile; cat) | $batch_command";
+}
+
+sub shell_quote($) {
+    # Quote for other shells (Bourne compatibles)
+    # Inputs:
+    #	$string = string to be quoted
+    # Returns:
+    #	$shell_quoted = string quoted as needed by the shell
+    my $s = $_[0];
+    if($s =~ /[^-_.+a-z0-9\/]/i) {
+	$s =~ s/'/'"'"'/g; # "-quote single quotes
+	$s = "'$s'";	   # '-quote entire string
+	$s =~ s/^''//;	   # Remove unneeded '' at ends
+	$s =~ s/''$//;	   # (faster than s/^''|''$//g)
+	return $s;
+    } elsif ($s eq "") {
+	return "''";
+    } else {
+	# No quoting needed
+	return $s;
+    }
+}
+
+do {
+    if(@ARGV) {
+	# SQL Commands given as arguments:
+	# Run those commands
+	$::opt_debug and print "[ | $batch_command]\n";
+	$::opt_verbose and print "[ | $batch_command]\n";
+	if($database_driver eq "influx" or $database_driver eq "influxssl") {
+	    # Influx currently cannot read commands from stdin
+	    for(@ARGV) {
+		s/\\n/\n/g;
+		s/\\x0a/\n/gi;
+		$::opt_debug and print "[$batch_command -execute $_]\n";
+		system("$batch_command -execute ".shell_quote($_));
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    open(M,"| $batch_command") ||
+		die("mysql/psql/sqlplus/influx not in path");
+	    for(@ARGV) {
+		s/\\n/\n/g;
+		s/\\x0a/\n/gi;
+		print M "$_\n";
+	    }
+	    close M;
+	}
+    } else {
+	if (is_stdin_terminal()) {
+	    # Run interactively
+	    $::opt_debug and print "[$interactive_command]\n";
+	    $::opt_verbose and print "[$interactive_command]\n";
+	    system("$interactive_command");
+	} else {
+	    # Let the command read from stdin
+	    $::opt_debug and print "[$batch_command]\n";
+	    $::opt_verbose and print "[$batch_command]\n";
+	    if($database_driver eq "influx" or $database_driver eq "influxssl") {
+		# Influx currently cannot read commands from stdin
+		while(<STDIN>) {
+		    s/\\n/\n/g;
+		    s/\\x0a/\n/gi;
+		    $::opt_debug and print "[$batch_command -execute $_]\n";
+		    system("$batch_command -execute ".shell_quote($_));
+		}
+	    } else{
+		system("$batch_command");
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    $err = $?>>8;
+} while (--$retries and $err);
+
+$queryfile and unlink $queryfile;
+
+$Global::Initfile && unlink $Global::Initfile;
+exit ($err);
+
+sub parse_options {
+    $Global::version = 20221122;
+    $Global::progname = 'sql';
+
+    # This must be done first as this may exec myself
+    if(defined $ARGV[0] and ($ARGV[0]=~/^-Y/ or $ARGV[0]=~/^--shebang /)) {
+	# Program is called from #! line in script
+	$ARGV[0]=~s/^-Y //; # remove -Y if on its own
+	$ARGV[0]=~s/^-Y/-/; # remove -Y if bundled with other options
+	$ARGV[0]=~s/^--shebang //; # remove --shebang if it is set
+	my $argfile = pop @ARGV;
+	# exec myself to split @ARGV into separate fields
+	exec "$0 --skip-first-line < $argfile @ARGV";
+    }
+    Getopt::Long::Configure ("bundling","require_order");
+    GetOptions("passthrough|p=s@" => \$::opt_p,
+	       "sep|s=s" => \$::opt_s,
+	       "html" => \$::opt_html,
+	       "show-processlist|proclist|listproc|showqueries|show-queries"
+	       => \$::opt_processlist,
+	       "show-tables|showtables|listtables|list-tables|".
+	       "tablelist|table-list|show-measurements|showmeasurements|".
+	       "list-measurements|listmeasurements" => \$::opt_tablelist,
+	       "dblist|".
+	       "listdb|listdbs|list-db|list-dbs|list-database|".
+	       "list-databases|listdatabases|listdatabase|showdb|".
+	       "showdbs|show-db|show-dbs|show-database|show-databases|".
+	       "showdatabases|showdatabase" => \$::opt_dblist,
+	       "db-size|dbsize" => \$::opt_dbsize,
+	       "table-size|tablesize" => \$::opt_tablesize,
+	       "json|j" => \$::opt_json,
+	       "pretty" => \$::opt_pretty,
+	       "csv" => \$::opt_csv,
+	       "precision=s" => \$::opt_precision,
+	       "noheaders|no-headers|n" => \$::opt_n,
+	       "r" => \$::opt_retry,
+	       "retries=s" => \$::opt_retries,
+	       "debug|D" => \$::opt_debug,
+	       # Shebang #!/usr/bin/parallel -Yotheroptions
+	       "Y|shebang" => \$::opt_shebang,
+	       "skip-first-line" => \$::opt_skip_first_line,
+	       # GNU requirements
+	       "help|h" => \$::opt_help,
+	       "version|V" => \$::opt_version,
+	       "verbose|v" => \$::opt_verbose,
+	) || die_usage();
+
+    if(defined $::opt_help) { die_usage(); }
+    if(defined $::opt_version) { version(); exit(0); }
+    $Global::debug = $::opt_debug;
+}
+
+sub database_driver_alias {
+    my $driver = shift;
+    my %database_driver_alias = ("mysql" => "mysql",
+				 "mysqls" => "mysqlssl",
+				 "mysqlssl" => "mysqlssl",
+				 "oracle" => "oracle",
+				 "ora" => "oracle",
+				 "oracles" => "oraclessl",
+				 "oras" => "oraclessl",
+				 "oraclessl" => "oraclessl",
+				 "orassl" => "oraclessl",
+				 "postgresql" => "postgresql",
+				 "pgsql" => "postgresql",
+				 "postgres" => "postgresql",
+				 "pg" => "postgresql",
+				 "postgresqlssl" => "postgresqlssl",
+				 "pgsqlssl" => "postgresqlssl",
+				 "postgresssl" => "postgresqlssl",
+				 "pgssl" => "postgresqlssl",
+				 "postgresqls" => "postgresqlssl",
+				 "pgsqls" => "postgresqlssl",
+				 "postgress" => "postgresqlssl",
+				 "pgs" => "postgresqlssl",
+				 "sqlite" => "sqlite",
+				 "sqlite2" => "sqlite",
+				 "sqlite3" => "sqlite3",
+                                 "influx" => "influx",
+                                 "influxdb" => "influx",
+                                 "influxssl" => "influxssl",
+                                 "influxdbssl" => "influxssl",
+                                 "influxs" => "influxssl",
+                                 "influxdbs" => "influxssl",
+	);
+    return $database_driver_alias{$driver};
+}
+
+sub mysql_commands {
+    my ($database_driver,%opt) = (@_);
+    find_command_in_path("mysql") || die ("mysql not in path");
+    if(defined($::opt_s)) { die "Field separator not implemented for mysql" }
+    my $password = defined($opt{'password'}) ? "--password=".$opt{'password'} : "";
+    my $host = defined($opt{'host'}) ? "--host=".$opt{'host'} : "";
+    my $port = defined($opt{'port'}) ? "--port=".$opt{'port'} : "";
+    my $user = defined($opt{'user'}) ? "--user=".$opt{'user'} : "";
+    my $database = defined($opt{'database'}) ? $opt{'database'} : $ENV{'USER'};
+    my $html = defined($::opt_html) ? "--html" : "";
+    my $no_headers = defined($::opt_n) ? "--skip-column-names" : "";
+    my $ssl = "";
+    if ($database_driver eq "mysqlssl") { $ssl="--ssl"; }
+    my($credential_fh,$tmp) = tempfile(SUFFIX => ".sql");
+    chmod (0600,$tmp);
+    print $credential_fh ("[client]\n",
+			  $user && "user=$opt{'user'}\n",
+			  $password && "password=$opt{'password'}\n",
+			  $host && "host=$opt{'host'}\n");
+    close $credential_fh;
+
+    # Prepend with a remover of the credential tempfile
+    # -C: Compression if both ends support it
+    $batch_command =
+	"((sleep 1; rm $tmp) & ".
+	"mysql --defaults-extra-file=$tmp -C $pass_through_options ".
+	"$no_headers $html $ssl $host $user $port  $database)";
+    $interactive_command = $batch_command;
+    return($batch_command,$interactive_command);
+}
+
+sub postgresql_commands {
+    my ($database_driver,%opt) = (@_);
+    find_command_in_path("psql") || die ("psql not in path");
+    my $sep = ($::opt_s) ? "-A --field-separator '$::opt_s'" : "";
+    my $password = defined($opt{'password'}) ?
+	"PGPASSWORD=".$opt{'password'} : "";
+    my $host = defined($opt{'host'}) ? "-h ".$opt{'host'} : "";
+    my $port = defined($opt{'port'}) ? "-p ".$opt{'port'} : "";
+    my $user = defined($opt{'user'}) ? "-U ".$opt{'user'} : "";
+    my $database = defined($opt{'database'}) ? "-d ".$opt{'database'} : "";
+    my $html = defined($::opt_html) ? "--html" : "";
+    my $no_headers = defined($::opt_n) ? "--tuples-only" : "";
+    my $ssl = "";
+    if ($database_driver eq "postgresqlssl") { $ssl="PGSSLMODE=require"; }
+    $batch_command =
+	"$ssl $password psql $pass_through_options $sep $no_headers ".
+	"$html $host $user $port $database";
+    $interactive_command = $batch_command;
+
+    return($batch_command,$interactive_command);
+}
+
+sub oracle_commands {
+    my ($database_driver,%opt) = (@_);
+    # oracle://user:pass@grum:1521/XE becomes:
+    # sqlplus 'user/pass@(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = grum)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = XE) ))'
+    my $sqlplus = find_command_in_path("sqlplus") ||
+	find_command_in_path("sqlplus64") or
+	die("sqlplus/sqlplus64 not in path");
+
+    # Readline support: if rlwrap installed run rlwrap sqlplus
+    my $rlwrap = find_command_in_path("rlwrap");
+
+    # Set good defaults in the inifile
+    $Global::Initfile = "/tmp/$$.sql.init";
+    open(INIT,">".$Global::Initfile) || die;
+    print INIT "SET LINESIZE 32767\n";
+    $::opt_debug and print "SET LINESIZE 32767\n";
+    print INIT "SET WRAP OFF\n";
+    $::opt_debug and print "SET WRAP OFF\n";
+    if(defined($::opt_html)) {
+	print INIT "SET MARK HTML ON\n";
+	$::opt_debug and print "SET MARK HTML ON\n";
+    }
+    if(defined($::opt_n)) {
+	print INIT "SET PAGES 0\n";
+	$::opt_debug and print "SET PAGES 0\n";
+    } else {
+	print INIT "SET PAGES 50000\n";
+	$::opt_debug and print "SET PAGES 50000\n";
+    }
+    if(defined($::opt_s)) {
+	print INIT "SET COLSEP $::opt_s\n";
+	$::opt_debug and print "SET COLSEP $::opt_s\n";
+    }
+    close INIT;
+
+    my $password = defined($opt{'password'}) ? "/".$opt{'password'} : "";
+    my $host = defined($opt{'host'}) ? $opt{'host'} : "localhost";
+    my $port = defined($opt{'port'}) ? $opt{'port'} : "1521";
+    my $user = defined($opt{'user'}) ? $opt{'user'} : "";
+    # Database is called service in Oracle lingo
+    my $service = defined($opt{'database'}) ? "(SERVICE_NAME = ".$opt{'database'}.")" : "";
+    my $tns = "(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = $host)(PORT = $port)) ".
+	"(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)$service ))";
+    my $ssl = "";
+    # -L: Do not re-ask for password if it is wrong
+    my $common_options = "-L $pass_through_options ".
+	"'$user$password\@$tns' \@$Global::Initfile";
+    my $batch_command =	"$sqlplus -S ".$common_options;
+    my $interactive_command = "$rlwrap $sqlplus ".$common_options;
+    return($batch_command,$interactive_command);
+}
+
+sub sqlite_commands {
+    my ($database_driver,%opt) = (@_);
+    if(not find_command_in_path($database_driver)) {
+	print STDERR "Database driver '$database_driver' not supported\n";
+	exit -1;
+    }
+    my $sep = defined($::opt_s) ? "-separator '$::opt_s'" : "";
+    my $password = defined($opt{'password'}) ? "--password=".$opt{'password'} : "";
+    my $host = defined($opt{'host'}) ? "--host=".$opt{'host'} : "";
+    my $port = defined($opt{'port'}) ? "--port=".$opt{'port'} : "";
+    my $user = defined($opt{'user'}) ? "--user=".$opt{'user'} : "";
+    my $database = defined($opt{'database'}) ? $opt{'database'} : "";
+    my $html = defined($::opt_html) ? "-html" : "";
+    my $no_headers = defined($::opt_n) ? "-noheader" : "-header";
+    my $ssl = "";
+    $batch_command =
+	"$database_driver $pass_through_options $sep ".
+	"$no_headers $html $database";
+    $interactive_command = $batch_command;
+    return($batch_command,$interactive_command);
+}
+
+sub influx_commands {
+    my ($database_driver,%opt) = (@_);
+    my $influx = find_command_in_path("influx") ||
+	die ("influx not in path");
+    if(defined($::opt_s)) {
+	die "Field separator not implemented for influx";
+    }
+    my $password =
+	defined($opt{'password'}) ? "-password=".$opt{'password'} : "";
+    my $host = defined($opt{'host'}) ? "-host=".$opt{'host'} : "";
+    my $port = defined($opt{'port'}) ? "-port=".$opt{'port'} : "";
+    my $user = defined($opt{'user'}) ? "-username=".$opt{'user'} : "";
+    my $database = defined($opt{'database'}) ?
+	"-database $opt{'database'}" : "-database $ENV{'USER'}";
+
+    my $format = defined($::opt_json) ? "-format json" :
+                 defined($::opt_pretty) ? "-format json -pretty" :
+                 defined($::opt_csv) ? "-format csv" : "";
+    my $precision = defined($::opt_precision) ?
+	"-precision $::opt_precision" : "";
+
+    my $no_headers = defined($::opt_n) ? "--skip-column-names" : "";
+    my $ssl = "";
+    if($database_driver eq "influxssl") { $ssl="--ssl"; }
+
+    $batch_command =
+        "$influx $pass_through_options $no_headers $format ".
+	"$precision $ssl $host $user $password $port  $database";
+    $interactive_command = $batch_command;
+    return($batch_command,$interactive_command);
+}
+
+# Return the code for 'show processlist' in the chosen database dialect
+sub processlist {
+    my $dbdriver = shift;
+    my %dburl = @_;
+    my %statement =
+	("mysql" => "show processlist;",
+	 "postgresql" => ("SELECT ".
+			  "    datname AS database,".
+			  "    usename AS username,".
+			  "    now()-xact_start AS runtime,".
+			  "    current_query ".
+			  "FROM pg_stat_activity ".
+			  "ORDER BY runtime DESC;"),
+	 "oracle" => ("SELECT ".
+		      '    CPU_TIME/100000, SYS.V_$SQL.SQL_TEXT, USERNAME '.
+		      "FROM ".
+		      '    SYS.V_$SQL, SYS.V_$SESSION '.
+		      "WHERE ".
+		      '    SYS.V_$SQL.SQL_ID = SYS.V_$SESSION.SQL_ID(+) '.
+		      "AND username IS NOT NULL ".
+		      "ORDER BY CPU_TIME DESC;"),
+	 "influx" => "show queries;",
+	);
+    if($statement{$dbdriver}) {
+	return $statement{$dbdriver};
+    } else {
+	print STDERR "processlist is not implemented for $dbdriver\n";
+	exit 1;
+    }
+}
+
+# Return the code for 'show tables' in the chosen database dialect
+sub tablelist {
+    my $dbdriver = shift;
+    my %dburl = @_;
+    my %statement =
+	("mysql" => "show tables;",
+	 "postgresql" => '\dt',
+	 "oracle" => ("SELECT object_name ".
+		      "FROM user_objects ".
+		      "WHERE object_type = 'TABLE';"),
+	 "sqlite" => ".tables",
+	 "sqlite3" => ".tables",
+	 "influx" => "show measurements;",
+	);
+    if($statement{$dbdriver}) {
+	return $statement{$dbdriver};
+    } else {
+	print STDERR "tablelist is not implemented for $dbdriver\n";
+	exit 1;
+    }
+}
+
+# Return the code for 'show databases' in the chosen database dialect
+sub dblist {
+    my $dbdriver = shift;
+    my %dburl = @_;
+    my %statement =
+	("mysql" => "show databases;",
+	 "postgresql" => ("SELECT datname FROM pg_database ".
+			  "WHERE datname NOT IN ('template0','template1','postgres') ".
+			  "ORDER BY datname ASC;"),
+	 "oracle" => ("select * from user_tablespaces;"),
+	 "influx" => "show databases;",
+	);
+    if($statement{$dbdriver}) {
+	return $statement{$dbdriver};
+    } else {
+	print STDERR "dblist is not implemented for $dbdriver\n";
+	exit 1;
+    }
+}
+
+# Return the code for 'show database size' in the chosen database dialect
+sub dbsize {
+    my $dbdriver = shift;
+    my %dburl = @_;
+    my %statement;
+    if(defined $dburl{'database'}) {
+	%statement =
+	    ("mysql" => (
+		 'SELECT '.
+		 '    table_schema "database", '.
+		 '    SUM(data_length+index_length) "bytes", '.
+		 '    SUM(data_length+index_length)/1024/1024 "megabytes" '.
+		 'FROM information_schema.TABLES '.
+		 "WHERE table_schema = '$dburl{'database'}'".
+		 'GROUP BY table_schema;'),
+	     "postgresql" => (
+		 "SELECT '$dburl{'database'}' AS database, ".
+		 "pg_database_size('$dburl{'database'}') AS bytes, ".
+		 "pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size('$dburl{'database'}')) AS human_readabable "),
+	     "sqlite" => (
+		 "SELECT ".(undef_as_zero(-s $dburl{'database'}))." AS bytes;"),
+	     "sqlite3" => (
+		 "SELECT ".(undef_as_zero(-s $dburl{'database'}))." AS bytes;"),
+	    );
+    } else {
+	%statement =
+	    ("mysql" => (
+		 'SELECT '.
+		 '    table_schema "database", '.
+		 '    SUM(data_length+index_length) "bytes", '.
+		 '    SUM(data_length+index_length)/1024/1024 "megabytes" '.
+		 'FROM information_schema.TABLES '.
+		 'GROUP BY table_schema;'),
+	     "postgresql" => (
+		 'SELECT datname AS database, pg_database_size(datname) AS bytes, '.
+		 'pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size(datname)) AS human_readabable '.
+		 'FROM (SELECT datname FROM pg_database) a;'),
+	     "sqlite" => (
+		 "SELECT 0 AS bytes;"),
+	     "sqlite3" => (
+		 "SELECT 0 AS bytes;"),
+	    );
+    }
+    if($statement{$dbdriver}) {
+	return $statement{$dbdriver};
+    } else {
+	print STDERR "dbsize is not implemented for $dbdriver\n";
+	exit 1;
+    }
+}
+
+
+# Return the code for 'show table size' in the chosen database dialect
+sub tablesize {
+    my $dbdriver = shift;
+    my $database = shift;
+    my %statement =
+	("postgresql" => (
+	     "SELECT relname, relpages*8 AS kb, reltuples::int AS \"live+dead rows\" ".
+	     "FROM pg_class c ".
+	     "ORDER BY relpages DESC;"),
+	 "mysql" => (
+	     "select table_name, TABLE_ROWS, DATA_LENGTH,INDEX_LENGTH from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.tables;"),
+	);
+    if($statement{$dbdriver}) {
+	return $statement{$dbdriver};
+    } else {
+	print STDERR "table size is not implemented for $dbdriver\n";
+	exit 1;
+    }
+}
+
+sub is_stdin_terminal {
+    return (-t STDIN);
+}
+
+sub find_command_in_path {
+    # Find the command if it exists in the current path
+    my $command = shift;
+    my $path = `which $command`;
+    chomp $path;
+    return $path;
+}
+
+sub Usage {
+    if(@_) {
+	print "Error:\n";
+	print map{ "$_\n" } @_;
+	print "\n";
+    }
+    print "sql [-hnr] [--table-size] [--db-size] [-p pass-through] [-s string] dburl [command]\n";
+}
+
+sub get_alias {
+    my $alias = shift;
+    $alias =~ s/^(sql:)*//; # Accept aliases prepended with sql:
+    if ($alias !~ /^:/) {
+	return $alias;
+    }
+
+    # Find the alias
+    my $path;
+    if (-l $0) {
+	($path) = readlink($0) =~ m|^(.*)/|;
+    } else {
+	($path) = $0 =~ m|^(.*)/|;
+    }
+
+    my @deprecated = ("$ENV{HOME}/.dburl.aliases",
+		      "$path/dburl.aliases", "$path/dburl.aliases.dist");
+    for (@deprecated) {
+	if(-r $_) {
+	    print STDERR "$_ is deprecated. Use .sql/aliases instead (read man sql)\n";
+	}
+    }
+    my @urlalias=();
+    check_permissions("$ENV{HOME}/.sql/aliases");
+    check_permissions("$ENV{HOME}/.dburl.aliases");
+    my @search = ("$ENV{HOME}/.sql/aliases",
+		  "$ENV{HOME}/.dburl.aliases", "/etc/sql/aliases",
+		  "$path/dburl.aliases", "$path/dburl.aliases.dist");
+    for my $alias_file (@search) {
+	if(-r $alias_file) {
+	    push @urlalias, `cat "$alias_file"`;
+	}
+    }
+    my ($alias_part,$rest) = $alias=~/(:\w*)(.*)/;
+    # If we saw this before: we have an alias loop
+    if(grep {$_ eq $alias_part } @Private::seen_aliases) {
+	print STDERR "$alias_part is a cyclic alias\n";
+	exit -1;
+    } else {
+	push @Private::seen_aliases, $alias_part;
+    }
+
+    my $dburl;
+    for (@urlalias) {
+	/^$alias_part\s+(\S+.*)/ and do { $dburl = $1; last; }
+    }
+
+    if($dburl) {
+	return get_alias($dburl.$rest);
+    } else {
+	Usage("$alias is not defined in @search");
+	exit(-1);
+    }
+}
+
+sub check_permissions {
+    my $file = shift;
+
+    if(-e $file) {
+	if(not -o $file) {
+	    my $username = (getpwuid($<))[0];
+	    print STDERR "$file should be owned by $username: chown $username $file\n";
+	}
+	my ($dev,$ino,$mode,$nlink,$uid,$gid,$rdev,$size,
+	    $atime,$mtime,$ctime,$blksize,$blocks) = stat($file);
+	if($mode & 077) {
+	    my $username = (getpwuid($<))[0];
+	    print STDERR "$file should be only be readable by $username: chmod 600 $file\n";
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+sub parse_dburl {
+    my $url = shift;
+    my %options = ();
+    # sql:mysql://[[user][:password]@][host][:port]/[database[?sql query]]
+
+    if($url=~m!(?:sql:)? # You can prefix with 'sql:'
+               ((?:oracle|ora|mysql|pg|postgres|postgresql|influx|influxdb)(?:s|ssl|)|
+                 (?:sqlite|sqlite2|sqlite3)):// # Databasedriver ($1)
+               (?:
+                ([^:@/][^:@]*|) # Username ($2)
+                (?:
+                 :([^@]*) # Password ($3)
+                )?
+               @)?
+               ([^:/]*)? # Hostname ($4)
+               (?:
+                :
+                ([^/]*)? # Port ($5)
+               )?
+               (?:
+                /
+                ([^?/]*)? # Database ($6)
+               )?
+               (?:
+                /?
+                \?
+                (.*)? # Query ($7)
+               )?
+              !x) {
+	$options{databasedriver} = undef_if_empty(uri_unescape($1));
+	$options{user} = undef_if_empty(uri_unescape($2));
+	$options{password} = undef_if_empty(uri_unescape($3));
+	$options{host} = undef_if_empty(uri_unescape($4));
+	$options{port} = undef_if_empty(uri_unescape($5));
+	$options{database} = undef_if_empty(uri_unescape($6))
+	    || $options{user};
+	$options{query} = undef_if_empty(uri_unescape($7));
+	debug("dburl $url\n");
+	debug("databasedriver ",$options{databasedriver}, " user ", $options{user},
+	      " password ", $options{password}, " host ", $options{host},
+	      " port ", $options{port}, " database ", $options{database},
+	      " query ",$options{query}, "\n");
+    } else {
+	Usage("$url is not a valid DBURL");
+	exit -1;
+    }
+    return %options;
+}
+
+sub uri_unescape {
+    # Copied from http://cpansearch.perl.org/src/GAAS/URI-1.55/URI/Escape.pm
+    # to avoid depending on URI::Escape
+    # This section is (C) Gisle Aas.
+    # Note from RFC1630:  "Sequences which start with a percent sign
+    # but are not followed by two hexadecimal characters are reserved
+    # for future extension"
+    my $str = shift;
+    if (@_ && wantarray) {
+	# not executed for the common case of a single argument
+	my @str = ($str, @_);  # need to copy
+	foreach (@str) {
+	    s/%([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})/chr(hex($1))/eg;
+	}
+	return @str;
+    }
+    $str =~ s/%([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})/chr(hex($1))/eg if defined $str;
+    $str;
+}
+
+sub undef_if_empty {
+    if(defined($_[0]) and $_[0] eq "") {
+	return undef;
+    }
+    return $_[0];
+}
+
+sub undef_as_zero {
+    my $a = shift;
+    return $a ? $a : 0;
+}
+
+sub version {
+    # Returns: N/A
+    print join("\n",
+	       "GNU $Global::progname $Global::version",
+	       "Copyright (C) 2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017",
+	       "Ole Tange and Free Software Foundation, Inc.",
+	       "License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>",
+	       "This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.",
+	       "GNU $Global::progname comes with no warranty.",
+	       "",
+	       "Web site: http://www.gnu.org/software/${Global::progname}\n",
+	       "When using GNU $Global::progname for a publication please cite:\n",
+	       "O. Tange (2011): GNU SQL - A Command Line Tool for Accessing Different",
+	       "Databases Using DBURLs, ;login: The USENIX Magazine, April 2011:29-32.\n"
+	);
+}
+
+sub die_usage {
+    # Returns: N/A
+    usage();
+    exit(255);
+}
+
+sub usage {
+    # Returns: N/A
+    print "Usage:\n";
+    print "$Global::progname [options] dburl [sqlcommand]\n";
+    print "$Global::progname [options] dburl < sql_command_file\n";
+    print "\n";
+    print "See 'man $Global::progname' for the options\n";
+}
+
+sub debug {
+    # Returns: N/A
+    $Global::debug or return;
+    @_ = grep { defined $_ ? $_ : "" } @_;
+    print @_;
+}
+
+$::opt_skip_first_line = $::opt_shebang = 0;