Adding upstream version 3.5.0.upstream/3.5.0upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

52 files changed, 7076 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33cddf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import os
+import pytest
+from utils import (
+    POSTGRES_HOST,
+    POSTGRES_PORT,
+    POSTGRES_USER,
+    POSTGRES_PASSWORD,
+    create_db,
+    db_connection,
+    drop_tables,
+)
+import pgcli.pgexecute
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="function")
+def connection():
+    create_db("_test_db")
+    connection = db_connection("_test_db")
+    yield connection
+
+    drop_tables(connection)
+    connection.close()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def cursor(connection):
+    with connection.cursor() as cur:
+        return cur
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def executor(connection):
+    return pgcli.pgexecute.PGExecute(
+        database="_test_db",
+        user=POSTGRES_USER,
+        host=POSTGRES_HOST,
+        password=POSTGRES_PASSWORD,
+        port=POSTGRES_PORT,
+        dsn=None,
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def exception_formatter():
+    return lambda e: str(e)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="session", autouse=True)
+def temp_config(tmpdir_factory):
+    # this function runs on start of test session.
+    # use temporary directory for config home so user config will not be used
+    os.environ["XDG_CONFIG_HOME"] = str(tmpdir_factory.mktemp("data"))
diff --git a/tests/features/__init__.py b/tests/features/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/__init__.py
diff --git a/tests/features/auto_vertical.feature b/tests/features/auto_vertical.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa95718
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/auto_vertical.feature
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Feature: auto_vertical mode:
+  on, off
+
+  Scenario: auto_vertical on with small query
+    When we run dbcli with --auto-vertical-output
+      and we execute a small query
+      then we see small results in horizontal format
+
+  Scenario: auto_vertical on with large query
+    When we run dbcli with --auto-vertical-output
+      and we execute a large query
+      then we see large results in vertical format
diff --git a/tests/features/basic_commands.feature b/tests/features/basic_commands.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd15306
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/basic_commands.feature
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+Feature: run the cli,
+  call the help command,
+  exit the cli
+
+  Scenario: run "\?" command
+     When we send "\?" command
+      then we see help output
+
+  Scenario: run source command
+     When we send source command
+      then we see help output
+
+  Scenario: run partial select command
+     When we send partial select command
+       then we see error message
+       then we see dbcli prompt
+
+  Scenario: check our application_name
+     When we run query to check application_name
+      then we see found
+
+  Scenario: run the cli and exit
+     When we send "ctrl + d"
+      then dbcli exits
+
+  Scenario: list databases
+      When we list databases
+      then we see list of databases
+
+  Scenario: run the cli with --username
+    When we launch dbcli using --username
+      and we send "\?" command
+      then we see help output
+
+  Scenario: run the cli with --user
+    When we launch dbcli using --user
+      and we send "\?" command
+      then we see help output
+
+  Scenario: run the cli with --port
+    When we launch dbcli using --port
+      and we send "\?" command
+      then we see help output
+
+  Scenario: run the cli with --password
+    When we launch dbcli using --password
+      then we send password
+      and we see dbcli prompt
+      when we send "\?" command
+      then we see help output
+
+  Scenario: run the cli with dsn and password
+    When we launch dbcli using dsn_password
+      then we send password
+      and we see dbcli prompt
+      when we send "\?" command
+      then we see help output
diff --git a/tests/features/crud_database.feature b/tests/features/crud_database.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed13bbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/crud_database.feature
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Feature: manipulate databases:
+  create, drop, connect, disconnect
+
+  Scenario: create and drop temporary database
+     When we create database
+      then we see database created
+      when we drop database
+      then we confirm the destructive warning
+      then we see database dropped
+      when we connect to dbserver
+      then we see database connected
+
+  Scenario: connect and disconnect from test database
+     When we connect to test database
+      then we see database connected
+      when we connect to dbserver
+      then we see database connected
diff --git a/tests/features/crud_table.feature b/tests/features/crud_table.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f9db4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/crud_table.feature
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Feature: manipulate tables:
+  create, insert, update, select, delete from, drop
+
+  Scenario: create, insert, select from, update, drop table
+     When we connect to test database
+      then we see database connected
+      when we create table
+      then we see table created
+      when we insert into table
+      then we see record inserted
+      when we update table
+      then we see record updated
+      when we select from table
+      then we see data selected
+      when we delete from table
+      then we confirm the destructive warning
+      then we see record deleted
+      when we drop table
+      then we confirm the destructive warning
+      then we see table dropped
+      when we connect to dbserver
+      then we see database connected
diff --git a/tests/features/db_utils.py b/tests/features/db_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..595c6c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/db_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+from psycopg import connect
+
+
+def create_db(
+    hostname="localhost", username=None, password=None, dbname=None, port=None
+):
+    """Create test database.
+
+    :param hostname: string
+    :param username: string
+    :param password: string
+    :param dbname: string
+    :param port: int
+    :return:
+
+    """
+    cn = create_cn(hostname, password, username, "postgres", port)
+
+    cn.autocommit = True
+    with cn.cursor() as cr:
+        cr.execute(f"drop database if exists {dbname}")
+        cr.execute(f"create database {dbname}")
+
+    cn.close()
+
+    cn = create_cn(hostname, password, username, dbname, port)
+    return cn
+
+
+def create_cn(hostname, password, username, dbname, port):
+    """
+    Open connection to database.
+    :param hostname:
+    :param password:
+    :param username:
+    :param dbname: string
+    :return: psycopg2.connection
+    """
+    cn = connect(
+        host=hostname, user=username, dbname=dbname, password=password, port=port
+    )
+
+    print(f"Created connection: {cn.info.get_parameters()}.")
+    return cn
+
+
+def pgbouncer_available(hostname="localhost", password=None, username="postgres"):
+    cn = None
+    try:
+        cn = create_cn(hostname, password, username, "pgbouncer", 6432)
+        return True
+    except:
+        print("Pgbouncer is not available.")
+    finally:
+        if cn:
+            cn.close()
+    return False
+
+
+def drop_db(hostname="localhost", username=None, password=None, dbname=None, port=None):
+    """
+    Drop database.
+    :param hostname: string
+    :param username: string
+    :param password: string
+    :param dbname: string
+    """
+    cn = create_cn(hostname, password, username, "postgres", port)
+
+    # Needed for DB drop.
+    cn.autocommit = True
+
+    with cn.cursor() as cr:
+        cr.execute(f"drop database if exists {dbname}")
+
+    close_cn(cn)
+
+
+def close_cn(cn=None):
+    """
+    Close connection.
+    :param connection: psycopg2.connection
+    """
+    if cn:
+        cn_params = cn.info.get_parameters()
+        cn.close()
+        print(f"Closed connection: {cn_params}.")
diff --git a/tests/features/environment.py b/tests/features/environment.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cc8e14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/environment.py
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+import copy
+import os
+import sys
+import db_utils as dbutils
+import fixture_utils as fixutils
+import pexpect
+import tempfile
+import shutil
+import signal
+
+
+from steps import wrappers
+
+
+def before_all(context):
+    """Set env parameters."""
+    env_old = copy.deepcopy(dict(os.environ))
+    os.environ["LINES"] = "100"
+    os.environ["COLUMNS"] = "100"
+    os.environ["PAGER"] = "cat"
+    os.environ["EDITOR"] = "ex"
+    os.environ["VISUAL"] = "ex"
+    os.environ["PROMPT_TOOLKIT_NO_CPR"] = "1"
+
+    context.package_root = os.path.abspath(
+        os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
+    )
+    fixture_dir = os.path.join(context.package_root, "tests/features/fixture_data")
+
+    print("package root:", context.package_root)
+    print("fixture dir:", fixture_dir)
+
+    os.environ["COVERAGE_PROCESS_START"] = os.path.join(
+        context.package_root, ".coveragerc"
+    )
+
+    context.exit_sent = False
+
+    vi = "_".join([str(x) for x in sys.version_info[:3]])
+    db_name = context.config.userdata.get("pg_test_db", "pgcli_behave_tests")
+    db_name_full = f"{db_name}_{vi}"
+
+    # Store get params from config.
+    context.conf = {
+        "host": context.config.userdata.get(
+            "pg_test_host", os.getenv("PGHOST", "localhost")
+        ),
+        "user": context.config.userdata.get(
+            "pg_test_user", os.getenv("PGUSER", "postgres")
+        ),
+        "pass": context.config.userdata.get(
+            "pg_test_pass", os.getenv("PGPASSWORD", None)
+        ),
+        "port": context.config.userdata.get(
+            "pg_test_port", os.getenv("PGPORT", "5432")
+        ),
+        "cli_command": (
+            context.config.userdata.get("pg_cli_command", None)
+            or '{python} -c "{startup}"'.format(
+                python=sys.executable,
+                startup="; ".join(
+                    [
+                        "import coverage",
+                        "coverage.process_startup()",
+                        "import pgcli.main",
+                        "pgcli.main.cli(auto_envvar_prefix='BEHAVE')",
+                    ]
+                ),
+            )
+        ),
+        "dbname": db_name_full,
+        "dbname_tmp": db_name_full + "_tmp",
+        "vi": vi,
+        "pager_boundary": "---boundary---",
+    }
+    os.environ["PAGER"] = "{0} {1} {2}".format(
+        sys.executable,
+        os.path.join(context.package_root, "tests/features/wrappager.py"),
+        context.conf["pager_boundary"],
+    )
+
+    # Store old env vars.
+    context.pgenv = {
+        "PGDATABASE": os.environ.get("PGDATABASE", None),
+        "PGUSER": os.environ.get("PGUSER", None),
+        "PGHOST": os.environ.get("PGHOST", None),
+        "PGPASSWORD": os.environ.get("PGPASSWORD", None),
+        "PGPORT": os.environ.get("PGPORT", None),
+        "XDG_CONFIG_HOME": os.environ.get("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", None),
+        "PGSERVICEFILE": os.environ.get("PGSERVICEFILE", None),
+    }
+
+    # Set new env vars.
+    os.environ["PGDATABASE"] = context.conf["dbname"]
+    os.environ["PGUSER"] = context.conf["user"]
+    os.environ["PGHOST"] = context.conf["host"]
+    os.environ["PGPORT"] = context.conf["port"]
+    os.environ["PGSERVICEFILE"] = os.path.join(fixture_dir, "mock_pg_service.conf")
+
+    if context.conf["pass"]:
+        os.environ["PGPASSWORD"] = context.conf["pass"]
+    else:
+        if "PGPASSWORD" in os.environ:
+            del os.environ["PGPASSWORD"]
+    os.environ["BEHAVE_WARN"] = "moderate"
+
+    context.cn = dbutils.create_db(
+        context.conf["host"],
+        context.conf["user"],
+        context.conf["pass"],
+        context.conf["dbname"],
+        context.conf["port"],
+    )
+    context.pgbouncer_available = dbutils.pgbouncer_available(
+        hostname=context.conf["host"],
+        password=context.conf["pass"],
+        username=context.conf["user"],
+    )
+    context.fixture_data = fixutils.read_fixture_files()
+
+    # use temporary directory as config home
+    context.env_config_home = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="pgcli_home_")
+    os.environ["XDG_CONFIG_HOME"] = context.env_config_home
+    show_env_changes(env_old, dict(os.environ))
+
+
+def show_env_changes(env_old, env_new):
+    """Print out all test-specific env values."""
+    print("--- os.environ changed values: ---")
+    all_keys = env_old.keys() | env_new.keys()
+    for k in sorted(all_keys):
+        old_value = env_old.get(k, "")
+        new_value = env_new.get(k, "")
+        if new_value and old_value != new_value:
+            print(f'{k}="{new_value}"')
+    print("-" * 20)
+
+
+def after_all(context):
+    """
+    Unset env parameters.
+    """
+    dbutils.close_cn(context.cn)
+    dbutils.drop_db(
+        context.conf["host"],
+        context.conf["user"],
+        context.conf["pass"],
+        context.conf["dbname"],
+        context.conf["port"],
+    )
+
+    # Remove temp config directory
+    shutil.rmtree(context.env_config_home)
+
+    # Restore env vars.
+    for k, v in context.pgenv.items():
+        if k in os.environ and v is None:
+            del os.environ[k]
+        elif v:
+            os.environ[k] = v
+
+
+def before_step(context, _):
+    context.atprompt = False
+
+
+def before_scenario(context, scenario):
+    if scenario.name == "list databases":
+        # not using the cli for that
+        return
+    currentdb = None
+    if "pgbouncer" in scenario.feature.tags:
+        if context.pgbouncer_available:
+            os.environ["PGDATABASE"] = "pgbouncer"
+            os.environ["PGPORT"] = "6432"
+            currentdb = "pgbouncer"
+        else:
+            scenario.skip()
+    else:
+        # set env vars back to normal test database
+        os.environ["PGDATABASE"] = context.conf["dbname"]
+        os.environ["PGPORT"] = context.conf["port"]
+    wrappers.run_cli(context, currentdb=currentdb)
+    wrappers.wait_prompt(context)
+
+
+def after_scenario(context, scenario):
+    """Cleans up after each scenario completes."""
+    if hasattr(context, "cli") and context.cli and not context.exit_sent:
+        # Quit nicely.
+        if not getattr(context, "atprompt", False):
+            dbname = context.currentdb
+            context.cli.expect_exact(f"{dbname}>", timeout=5)
+        try:
+            context.cli.sendcontrol("c")
+            context.cli.sendcontrol("d")
+        except Exception as x:
+            print("Failed cleanup after scenario:")
+            print(x)
+        try:
+            context.cli.expect_exact(pexpect.EOF, timeout=5)
+        except pexpect.TIMEOUT:
+            print(f"--- after_scenario {scenario.name}: kill cli")
+            context.cli.kill(signal.SIGKILL)
+    if hasattr(context, "tmpfile_sql_help") and context.tmpfile_sql_help:
+        context.tmpfile_sql_help.close()
+        context.tmpfile_sql_help = None
+
+
+# # TODO: uncomment to debug a failure
+# def after_step(context, step):
+#     if step.status == "failed":
+#         import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
diff --git a/tests/features/expanded.feature b/tests/features/expanded.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f381f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/expanded.feature
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+Feature: expanded mode:
+  on, off, auto
+
+  Scenario: expanded on
+    When we prepare the test data
+      and we set expanded on
+      and we select from table
+      then we see expanded data selected
+      when we drop table
+      then we confirm the destructive warning
+      then we see table dropped
+
+  Scenario: expanded off
+    When we prepare the test data
+      and we set expanded off
+      and we select from table
+      then we see nonexpanded data selected
+      when we drop table
+      then we confirm the destructive warning
+      then we see table dropped
+
+  Scenario: expanded auto
+    When we prepare the test data
+      and we set expanded auto
+      and we select from table
+      then we see auto data selected
+      when we drop table
+      then we confirm the destructive warning
+      then we see table dropped
diff --git a/tests/features/fixture_data/help.txt b/tests/features/fixture_data/help.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bebb976
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/fixture_data/help.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
++--------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
+| Command                  | Description                                    |
+|--------------------------+------------------------------------------------|
+| \#                       | Refresh auto-completions.                      |
+| \?                       | Show Help.                                     |
+| \T [format]              | Change the table format used to output results |
+| \c[onnect] database_name | Change to a new database.                      |
+| \d [pattern]             | List or describe tables, views and sequences.  |
+| \dT[S+] [pattern]        | List data types                                |
+| \df[+] [pattern]         | List functions.                                |
+| \di[+] [pattern]         | List indexes.                                  |
+| \dn[+] [pattern]         | List schemas.                                  |
+| \ds[+] [pattern]         | List sequences.                                |
+| \dt[+] [pattern]         | List tables.                                   |
+| \du[+] [pattern]         | List roles.                                    |
+| \dv[+] [pattern]         | List views.                                    |
+| \e [file]                | Edit the query with external editor.           |
+| \l                       | List databases.                                |
+| \n[+] [name]             | List or execute named queries.                 |
+| \nd [name [query]]       | Delete a named query.                          |
+| \ns name query           | Save a named query.                            |
+| \refresh                 | Refresh auto-completions.                      |
+| \timing                  | Toggle timing of commands.                     |
+| \x                       | Toggle expanded output.                        |
++--------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
diff --git a/tests/features/fixture_data/help_commands.txt b/tests/features/fixture_data/help_commands.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e076661
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/fixture_data/help_commands.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+Command
+Description
+\#
+Refresh auto-completions.
+\?
+Show Commands.
+\T [format]
+Change the table format used to output results
+\c[onnect] database_name
+Change to a new database.
+\copy [tablename] to/from [filename] 
+Copy data between a file and a table.
+\d[+] [pattern]
+List or describe tables, views and sequences.
+\dT[S+] [pattern]
+List data types
+\db[+] [pattern]
+List tablespaces.
+\df[+] [pattern]
+List functions.
+\di[+] [pattern]
+List indexes.
+\dm[+] [pattern]
+List materialized views.
+\dn[+] [pattern]
+List schemas.
+\ds[+] [pattern]
+List sequences.
+\dt[+] [pattern]
+List tables.
+\du[+] [pattern]
+List roles.
+\dv[+] [pattern]
+List views.
+\dx[+] [pattern]
+List extensions.
+\e [file]
+Edit the query with external editor.
+\h
+Show SQL syntax and help.
+\i filename
+Execute commands from file.
+\l
+List databases.
+\n[+] [name] [param1 param2 ...]
+List or execute named queries.
+\nd [name]
+Delete a named query.
+\ns name query
+Save a named query.
+\o [filename]
+Send all query results to file.
+\pager [command]
+Set PAGER. Print the query results via PAGER.
+\pset [key] [value]
+A limited version of traditional \pset
+\refresh
+Refresh auto-completions.
+\sf[+] FUNCNAME
+Show a function's definition.
+\timing
+Toggle timing of commands.
+\x
+Toggle expanded output.
diff --git a/tests/features/fixture_data/mock_pg_service.conf b/tests/features/fixture_data/mock_pg_service.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15f9811
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/fixture_data/mock_pg_service.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+[mock_postgres]
+dbname=postgres
+host=localhost
+user=postgres
diff --git a/tests/features/fixture_utils.py b/tests/features/fixture_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70b603d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/fixture_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import os
+import codecs
+
+
+def read_fixture_lines(filename):
+    """
+    Read lines of text from file.
+    :param filename: string name
+    :return: list of strings
+    """
+    lines = []
+    for line in codecs.open(filename, "rb", encoding="utf-8"):
+        lines.append(line.strip())
+    return lines
+
+
+def read_fixture_files():
+    """Read all files inside fixture_data directory."""
+    current_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+    fixture_dir = os.path.join(current_dir, "fixture_data/")
+    print(f"reading fixture data: {fixture_dir}")
+    fixture_dict = {}
+    for filename in os.listdir(fixture_dir):
+        if filename not in [".", ".."]:
+            fullname = os.path.join(fixture_dir, filename)
+            fixture_dict[filename] = read_fixture_lines(fullname)
+
+    return fixture_dict
diff --git a/tests/features/iocommands.feature b/tests/features/iocommands.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dad7d10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/iocommands.feature
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Feature: I/O commands
+
+  Scenario: edit sql in file with external editor
+     When we start external editor providing a file name
+      and we type sql in the editor
+      and we exit the editor
+      then we see dbcli prompt
+      and we see the sql in prompt
+
+  Scenario: tee output from query
+     When we tee output
+      and we wait for prompt
+      and we query "select 123456"
+      and we wait for prompt
+      and we stop teeing output
+      and we wait for prompt
+      then we see 123456 in tee output
diff --git a/tests/features/named_queries.feature b/tests/features/named_queries.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74201b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/named_queries.feature
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Feature: named queries:
+  save, use and delete named queries
+
+  Scenario: save, use and delete named queries
+     When we connect to test database
+      then we see database connected
+      when we save a named query
+      then we see the named query saved
+      when we delete a named query
+      then we see the named query deleted
diff --git a/tests/features/pgbouncer.feature b/tests/features/pgbouncer.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14cc5ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/pgbouncer.feature
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+@pgbouncer
+Feature: run pgbouncer,
+  call the help command,
+  exit the cli
+
+  Scenario: run "show help" command
+     When we send "show help" command
+      then we see the pgbouncer help output
+
+  Scenario: run the cli and exit
+     When we send "ctrl + d"
+      then dbcli exits
diff --git a/tests/features/specials.feature b/tests/features/specials.feature
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63c5cdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/specials.feature
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Feature: Special commands
+
+  Scenario: run refresh command
+     When we refresh completions
+      and we wait for prompt
+      then we see completions refresh started
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/__init__.py b/tests/features/steps/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/__init__.py
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/auto_vertical.py b/tests/features/steps/auto_vertical.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7cdccd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/auto_vertical.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+from textwrap import dedent
+from behave import then, when
+import wrappers
+
+
+@when("we run dbcli with {arg}")
+def step_run_cli_with_arg(context, arg):
+    wrappers.run_cli(context, run_args=arg.split("="))
+
+
+@when("we execute a small query")
+def step_execute_small_query(context):
+    context.cli.sendline("select 1")
+
+
+@when("we execute a large query")
+def step_execute_large_query(context):
+    context.cli.sendline("select {}".format(",".join([str(n) for n in range(1, 50)])))
+
+
+@then("we see small results in horizontal format")
+def step_see_small_results(context):
+    wrappers.expect_pager(
+        context,
+        dedent(
+            """\
+        +----------+\r
+        | ?column? |\r
+        |----------|\r
+        | 1        |\r
+        +----------+\r
+        SELECT 1\r
+        """
+        ),
+        timeout=5,
+    )
+
+
+@then("we see large results in vertical format")
+def step_see_large_results(context):
+    wrappers.expect_pager(
+        context,
+        dedent(
+            """\
+        -[ RECORD 1 ]-------------------------\r
+        ?column? | 1\r
+        ?column? | 2\r
+        ?column? | 3\r
+        ?column? | 4\r
+        ?column? | 5\r
+        ?column? | 6\r
+        ?column? | 7\r
+        ?column? | 8\r
+        ?column? | 9\r
+        ?column? | 10\r
+        ?column? | 11\r
+        ?column? | 12\r
+        ?column? | 13\r
+        ?column? | 14\r
+        ?column? | 15\r
+        ?column? | 16\r
+        ?column? | 17\r
+        ?column? | 18\r
+        ?column? | 19\r
+        ?column? | 20\r
+        ?column? | 21\r
+        ?column? | 22\r
+        ?column? | 23\r
+        ?column? | 24\r
+        ?column? | 25\r
+        ?column? | 26\r
+        ?column? | 27\r
+        ?column? | 28\r
+        ?column? | 29\r
+        ?column? | 30\r
+        ?column? | 31\r
+        ?column? | 32\r
+        ?column? | 33\r
+        ?column? | 34\r
+        ?column? | 35\r
+        ?column? | 36\r
+        ?column? | 37\r
+        ?column? | 38\r
+        ?column? | 39\r
+        ?column? | 40\r
+        ?column? | 41\r
+        ?column? | 42\r
+        ?column? | 43\r
+        ?column? | 44\r
+        ?column? | 45\r
+        ?column? | 46\r
+        ?column? | 47\r
+        ?column? | 48\r
+        ?column? | 49\r
+        SELECT 1\r
+        """
+        ),
+        timeout=5,
+    )
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/basic_commands.py b/tests/features/steps/basic_commands.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c87814
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/basic_commands.py
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+"""
+Steps for behavioral style tests are defined in this module.
+Each step is defined by the string decorating it.
+This string is used to call the step in "*.feature" file.
+"""
+
+import pexpect
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+
+from behave import when, then
+from textwrap import dedent
+import wrappers
+
+
+@when("we list databases")
+def step_list_databases(context):
+    cmd = ["pgcli", "--list"]
+    context.cmd_output = subprocess.check_output(cmd, cwd=context.package_root)
+
+
+@then("we see list of databases")
+def step_see_list_databases(context):
+    assert b"List of databases" in context.cmd_output
+    assert b"postgres" in context.cmd_output
+    context.cmd_output = None
+
+
+@when("we run dbcli")
+def step_run_cli(context):
+    wrappers.run_cli(context)
+
+
+@when("we launch dbcli using {arg}")
+def step_run_cli_using_arg(context, arg):
+    prompt_check = False
+    currentdb = None
+    if arg == "--username":
+        arg = "--username={}".format(context.conf["user"])
+    if arg == "--user":
+        arg = "--user={}".format(context.conf["user"])
+    if arg == "--port":
+        arg = "--port={}".format(context.conf["port"])
+    if arg == "--password":
+        arg = "--password"
+        prompt_check = False
+    # This uses the mock_pg_service.conf file in fixtures folder.
+    if arg == "dsn_password":
+        arg = "service=mock_postgres --password"
+        prompt_check = False
+        currentdb = "postgres"
+    wrappers.run_cli(
+        context, run_args=[arg], prompt_check=prompt_check, currentdb=currentdb
+    )
+
+
+@when("we wait for prompt")
+def step_wait_prompt(context):
+    wrappers.wait_prompt(context)
+
+
+@when('we send "ctrl + d"')
+def step_ctrl_d(context):
+    """
+    Send Ctrl + D to hopefully exit.
+    """
+    # turn off pager before exiting
+    context.cli.sendcontrol("c")
+    context.cli.sendline(r"\pset pager off")
+    wrappers.wait_prompt(context)
+    context.cli.sendcontrol("d")
+    context.cli.expect(pexpect.EOF, timeout=5)
+    context.exit_sent = True
+
+
+@when(r'we send "\?" command')
+def step_send_help(context):
+    r"""
+    Send \? to see help.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline(r"\?")
+
+
+@when("we send partial select command")
+def step_send_partial_select_command(context):
+    """
+    Send `SELECT a` to see completion.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("SELECT a")
+
+
+@then("we see error message")
+def step_see_error_message(context):
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, 'column "a" does not exist', timeout=2)
+
+
+@when("we send source command")
+def step_send_source_command(context):
+    context.tmpfile_sql_help = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(prefix="pgcli_")
+    context.tmpfile_sql_help.write(rb"\?")
+    context.tmpfile_sql_help.flush()
+    context.cli.sendline(rf"\i {context.tmpfile_sql_help.name}")
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, context.conf["pager_boundary"] + "\r\n", timeout=5)
+
+
+@when("we run query to check application_name")
+def step_check_application_name(context):
+    context.cli.sendline(
+        "SELECT 'found' FROM pg_stat_activity WHERE application_name = 'pgcli' HAVING COUNT(*) > 0;"
+    )
+
+
+@then("we see found")
+def step_see_found(context):
+    wrappers.expect_exact(
+        context,
+        context.conf["pager_boundary"]
+        + "\r"
+        + dedent(
+            """
+            +----------+\r
+            | ?column? |\r
+            |----------|\r
+            | found    |\r
+            +----------+\r
+            SELECT 1\r
+        """
+        )
+        + context.conf["pager_boundary"],
+        timeout=5,
+    )
+
+
+@then("we confirm the destructive warning")
+def step_confirm_destructive_command(context):
+    """Confirm destructive command."""
+    wrappers.expect_exact(
+        context,
+        "You're about to run a destructive command.\r\nDo you want to proceed? (y/n):",
+        timeout=2,
+    )
+    context.cli.sendline("y")
+
+
+@then("we send password")
+def step_send_password(context):
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, "Password for", timeout=5)
+    context.cli.sendline(context.conf["pass"] or "DOES NOT MATTER")
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/crud_database.py b/tests/features/steps/crud_database.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87cdc85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/crud_database.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+"""
+Steps for behavioral style tests are defined in this module.
+Each step is defined by the string decorating it.
+This string is used to call the step in "*.feature" file.
+"""
+import pexpect
+
+from behave import when, then
+import wrappers
+
+
+@when("we create database")
+def step_db_create(context):
+    """
+    Send create database.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("create database {};".format(context.conf["dbname_tmp"]))
+
+    context.response = {"database_name": context.conf["dbname_tmp"]}
+
+
+@when("we drop database")
+def step_db_drop(context):
+    """
+    Send drop database.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("drop database {};".format(context.conf["dbname_tmp"]))
+
+
+@when("we connect to test database")
+def step_db_connect_test(context):
+    """
+    Send connect to database.
+    """
+    db_name = context.conf["dbname"]
+    context.cli.sendline(f"\\connect {db_name}")
+
+
+@when("we connect to dbserver")
+def step_db_connect_dbserver(context):
+    """
+    Send connect to database.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("\\connect postgres")
+    context.currentdb = "postgres"
+
+
+@then("dbcli exits")
+def step_wait_exit(context):
+    """
+    Make sure the cli exits.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, pexpect.EOF, timeout=5)
+
+
+@then("we see dbcli prompt")
+def step_see_prompt(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see the prompt.
+    """
+    db_name = getattr(context, "currentdb", context.conf["dbname"])
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, f"{db_name}>", timeout=5)
+    context.atprompt = True
+
+
+@then("we see help output")
+def step_see_help(context):
+    for expected_line in context.fixture_data["help_commands.txt"]:
+        wrappers.expect_exact(context, expected_line, timeout=2)
+
+
+@then("we see database created")
+def step_see_db_created(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see create database output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_pager(context, "CREATE DATABASE\r\n", timeout=5)
+
+
+@then("we see database dropped")
+def step_see_db_dropped(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see drop database output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_pager(context, "DROP DATABASE\r\n", timeout=2)
+
+
+@then("we see database connected")
+def step_see_db_connected(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see drop database output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, "You are now connected to database", timeout=2)
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/crud_table.py b/tests/features/steps/crud_table.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0375883
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/crud_table.py
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+"""
+Steps for behavioral style tests are defined in this module.
+Each step is defined by the string decorating it.
+This string is used to call the step in "*.feature" file.
+"""
+
+from behave import when, then
+from textwrap import dedent
+import wrappers
+
+
+@when("we create table")
+def step_create_table(context):
+    """
+    Send create table.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("create table a(x text);")
+
+
+@when("we insert into table")
+def step_insert_into_table(context):
+    """
+    Send insert into table.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("""insert into a(x) values('xxx');""")
+
+
+@when("we update table")
+def step_update_table(context):
+    """
+    Send insert into table.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("""update a set x = 'yyy' where x = 'xxx';""")
+
+
+@when("we select from table")
+def step_select_from_table(context):
+    """
+    Send select from table.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("select * from a;")
+
+
+@when("we delete from table")
+def step_delete_from_table(context):
+    """
+    Send deete from table.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("""delete from a where x = 'yyy';""")
+
+
+@when("we drop table")
+def step_drop_table(context):
+    """
+    Send drop table.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("drop table a;")
+
+
+@then("we see table created")
+def step_see_table_created(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see create table output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_pager(context, "CREATE TABLE\r\n", timeout=2)
+
+
+@then("we see record inserted")
+def step_see_record_inserted(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see insert output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_pager(context, "INSERT 0 1\r\n", timeout=2)
+
+
+@then("we see record updated")
+def step_see_record_updated(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see update output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_pager(context, "UPDATE 1\r\n", timeout=2)
+
+
+@then("we see data selected")
+def step_see_data_selected(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see select output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_pager(
+        context,
+        dedent(
+            """\
+            +-----+\r
+            | x   |\r
+            |-----|\r
+            | yyy |\r
+            +-----+\r
+            SELECT 1\r
+        """
+        ),
+        timeout=1,
+    )
+
+
+@then("we see record deleted")
+def step_see_data_deleted(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see delete output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_pager(context, "DELETE 1\r\n", timeout=2)
+
+
+@then("we see table dropped")
+def step_see_table_dropped(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see drop output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_pager(context, "DROP TABLE\r\n", timeout=2)
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/expanded.py b/tests/features/steps/expanded.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac84c41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/expanded.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"""Steps for behavioral style tests are defined in this module.
+
+Each step is defined by the string decorating it. This string is used
+to call the step in "*.feature" file.
+
+"""
+
+from behave import when, then
+from textwrap import dedent
+import wrappers
+
+
+@when("we prepare the test data")
+def step_prepare_data(context):
+    """Create table, insert a record."""
+    context.cli.sendline("drop table if exists a;")
+    wrappers.expect_exact(
+        context,
+        "You're about to run a destructive command.\r\nDo you want to proceed? (y/n):",
+        timeout=2,
+    )
+    context.cli.sendline("y")
+
+    wrappers.wait_prompt(context)
+    context.cli.sendline("create table a(x integer, y real, z numeric(10, 4));")
+    wrappers.expect_pager(context, "CREATE TABLE\r\n", timeout=2)
+    context.cli.sendline("""insert into a(x, y, z) values(1, 1.0, 1.0);""")
+    wrappers.expect_pager(context, "INSERT 0 1\r\n", timeout=2)
+
+
+@when("we set expanded {mode}")
+def step_set_expanded(context, mode):
+    """Set expanded to mode."""
+    context.cli.sendline("\\" + f"x {mode}")
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, "Expanded display is", timeout=2)
+    wrappers.wait_prompt(context)
+
+
+@then("we see {which} data selected")
+def step_see_data(context, which):
+    """Select data from expanded test table."""
+    if which == "expanded":
+        wrappers.expect_pager(
+            context,
+            dedent(
+                """\
+                -[ RECORD 1 ]-------------------------\r
+                x | 1\r
+                y | 1.0\r
+                z | 1.0000\r
+                SELECT 1\r
+            """
+            ),
+            timeout=1,
+        )
+    else:
+        wrappers.expect_pager(
+            context,
+            dedent(
+                """\
+                +---+-----+--------+\r
+                | x | y   | z      |\r
+                |---+-----+--------|\r
+                | 1 | 1.0 | 1.0000 |\r
+                +---+-----+--------+\r
+                SELECT 1\r
+            """
+            ),
+            timeout=1,
+        )
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/iocommands.py b/tests/features/steps/iocommands.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a614490
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/iocommands.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+import os
+import os.path
+
+from behave import when, then
+import wrappers
+
+
+@when("we start external editor providing a file name")
+def step_edit_file(context):
+    """Edit file with external editor."""
+    context.editor_file_name = os.path.join(
+        context.package_root, "test_file_{0}.sql".format(context.conf["vi"])
+    )
+    if os.path.exists(context.editor_file_name):
+        os.remove(context.editor_file_name)
+    context.cli.sendline(r"\e {}".format(os.path.basename(context.editor_file_name)))
+    wrappers.expect_exact(
+        context, 'Entering Ex mode.  Type "visual" to go to Normal mode.', timeout=2
+    )
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, ":", timeout=2)
+
+
+@when("we type sql in the editor")
+def step_edit_type_sql(context):
+    context.cli.sendline("i")
+    context.cli.sendline("select * from abc")
+    context.cli.sendline(".")
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, ":", timeout=2)
+
+
+@when("we exit the editor")
+def step_edit_quit(context):
+    context.cli.sendline("x")
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, "written", timeout=2)
+
+
+@then("we see the sql in prompt")
+def step_edit_done_sql(context):
+    for match in "select * from abc".split(" "):
+        wrappers.expect_exact(context, match, timeout=1)
+    # Cleanup the command line.
+    context.cli.sendcontrol("c")
+    # Cleanup the edited file.
+    if context.editor_file_name and os.path.exists(context.editor_file_name):
+        os.remove(context.editor_file_name)
+    context.atprompt = True
+
+
+@when("we tee output")
+def step_tee_ouptut(context):
+    context.tee_file_name = os.path.join(
+        context.package_root, "tee_file_{0}.sql".format(context.conf["vi"])
+    )
+    if os.path.exists(context.tee_file_name):
+        os.remove(context.tee_file_name)
+    context.cli.sendline(r"\o {}".format(os.path.basename(context.tee_file_name)))
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, context.conf["pager_boundary"] + "\r\n", timeout=5)
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, "Writing to file", timeout=5)
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, context.conf["pager_boundary"] + "\r\n", timeout=5)
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, "Time", timeout=5)
+
+
+@when('we query "select 123456"')
+def step_query_select_123456(context):
+    context.cli.sendline("select 123456")
+
+
+@when("we stop teeing output")
+def step_notee_output(context):
+    context.cli.sendline(r"\o")
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, "Time", timeout=5)
+
+
+@then("we see 123456 in tee output")
+def step_see_123456_in_ouput(context):
+    with open(context.tee_file_name) as f:
+        assert "123456" in f.read()
+    if os.path.exists(context.tee_file_name):
+        os.remove(context.tee_file_name)
+    context.atprompt = True
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/named_queries.py b/tests/features/steps/named_queries.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f52859
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/named_queries.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+"""
+Steps for behavioral style tests are defined in this module.
+Each step is defined by the string decorating it.
+This string is used to call the step in "*.feature" file.
+"""
+
+from behave import when, then
+import wrappers
+
+
+@when("we save a named query")
+def step_save_named_query(context):
+    """
+    Send \ns command
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("\\ns foo SELECT 12345")
+
+
+@when("we use a named query")
+def step_use_named_query(context):
+    """
+    Send \n command
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("\\n foo")
+
+
+@when("we delete a named query")
+def step_delete_named_query(context):
+    """
+    Send \nd command
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("\\nd foo")
+
+
+@then("we see the named query saved")
+def step_see_named_query_saved(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see query saved.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, "Saved.", timeout=2)
+
+
+@then("we see the named query executed")
+def step_see_named_query_executed(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see select output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, "12345", timeout=1)
+    wrappers.expect_exact(context, "SELECT 1", timeout=1)
+
+
+@then("we see the named query deleted")
+def step_see_named_query_deleted(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see query deleted.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_pager(context, "foo: Deleted\r\n", timeout=1)
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/pgbouncer.py b/tests/features/steps/pgbouncer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f156982
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/pgbouncer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+"""
+Steps for behavioral style tests are defined in this module.
+Each step is defined by the string decorating it.
+This string is used to call the step in "*.feature" file.
+"""
+
+from behave import when, then
+import wrappers
+
+
+@when('we send "show help" command')
+def step_send_help_command(context):
+    context.cli.sendline("show help")
+
+
+@then("we see the pgbouncer help output")
+def see_pgbouncer_help(context):
+    wrappers.expect_exact(
+        context,
+        "SHOW HELP|CONFIG|DATABASES|POOLS|CLIENTS|SERVERS|USERS|VERSION",
+        timeout=3,
+    )
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/specials.py b/tests/features/steps/specials.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a85f371
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/specials.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""
+Steps for behavioral style tests are defined in this module.
+Each step is defined by the string decorating it.
+This string is used to call the step in "*.feature" file.
+"""
+
+from behave import when, then
+import wrappers
+
+
+@when("we refresh completions")
+def step_refresh_completions(context):
+    """
+    Send refresh command.
+    """
+    context.cli.sendline("\\refresh")
+
+
+@then("we see completions refresh started")
+def step_see_refresh_started(context):
+    """
+    Wait to see refresh output.
+    """
+    wrappers.expect_pager(
+        context,
+        [
+            "Auto-completion refresh started in the background.\r\n",
+            "Auto-completion refresh restarted.\r\n",
+        ],
+        timeout=2,
+    )
diff --git a/tests/features/steps/wrappers.py b/tests/features/steps/wrappers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6180517
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/steps/wrappers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import re
+import pexpect
+from pgcli.main import COLOR_CODE_REGEX
+import textwrap
+
+try:
+    from StringIO import StringIO
+except ImportError:
+    from io import StringIO
+
+
+def expect_exact(context, expected, timeout):
+    timedout = False
+    try:
+        context.cli.expect_exact(expected, timeout=timeout)
+    except pexpect.TIMEOUT:
+        timedout = True
+    if timedout:
+        # Strip color codes out of the output.
+        actual = re.sub(r"\x1b\[([0-9A-Za-z;?])+[m|K]?", "", context.cli.before)
+        raise Exception(
+            textwrap.dedent(
+                """\
+                Expected:
+                ---
+                {0!r}
+                ---
+                Actual:
+                ---
+                {1!r}
+                ---
+                Full log:
+                ---
+                {2!r}
+                ---
+            """
+            ).format(expected, actual, context.logfile.getvalue())
+        )
+
+
+def expect_pager(context, expected, timeout):
+    formatted = expected if isinstance(expected, list) else [expected]
+    formatted = [
+        f"{context.conf['pager_boundary']}\r\n{t}{context.conf['pager_boundary']}\r\n"
+        for t in formatted
+    ]
+
+    expect_exact(
+        context,
+        formatted,
+        timeout=timeout,
+    )
+
+
+def run_cli(context, run_args=None, prompt_check=True, currentdb=None):
+    """Run the process using pexpect."""
+    run_args = run_args or []
+    cli_cmd = context.conf.get("cli_command")
+    cmd_parts = [cli_cmd] + run_args
+    cmd = " ".join(cmd_parts)
+    context.cli = pexpect.spawnu(cmd, cwd=context.package_root)
+    context.logfile = StringIO()
+    context.cli.logfile = context.logfile
+    context.exit_sent = False
+    context.currentdb = currentdb or context.conf["dbname"]
+    context.cli.sendline(r"\pset pager always")
+    if prompt_check:
+        wait_prompt(context)
+
+
+def wait_prompt(context):
+    """Make sure prompt is displayed."""
+    prompt_str = "{0}>".format(context.currentdb)
+    expect_exact(context, [prompt_str + " ", prompt_str, pexpect.EOF], timeout=3)
diff --git a/tests/features/wrappager.py b/tests/features/wrappager.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51d4909
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/features/wrappager.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+import sys
+
+
+def wrappager(boundary):
+    print(boundary)
+    while 1:
+        buf = sys.stdin.read(2048)
+        if not buf:
+            break
+        sys.stdout.write(buf)
+    print(boundary)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    wrappager(sys.argv[1])
diff --git a/tests/formatter/__init__.py b/tests/formatter/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bad579
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/formatter/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# coding=utf-8
diff --git a/tests/formatter/test_sqlformatter.py b/tests/formatter/test_sqlformatter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8cd9c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/formatter/test_sqlformatter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+# coding=utf-8
+
+from pgcli.packages.formatter.sqlformatter import escape_for_sql_statement
+
+from cli_helpers.tabular_output import TabularOutputFormatter
+from pgcli.packages.formatter.sqlformatter import adapter, register_new_formatter
+
+
+def test_escape_for_sql_statement_bytes():
+    bts = b"837124ab3e8dc0f"
+    escaped_bytes = escape_for_sql_statement(bts)
+    assert escaped_bytes == "X'383337313234616233653864633066'"
+
+
+def test_escape_for_sql_statement_number():
+    num = 2981
+    escaped_bytes = escape_for_sql_statement(num)
+    assert escaped_bytes == "'2981'"
+
+
+def test_escape_for_sql_statement_str():
+    example_str = "example str"
+    escaped_bytes = escape_for_sql_statement(example_str)
+    assert escaped_bytes == "'example str'"
+
+
+def test_output_sql_insert():
+    global formatter
+    formatter = TabularOutputFormatter
+    register_new_formatter(formatter)
+    data = [
+        [
+            1,
+            "Jackson",
+            "jackson_test@gmail.com",
+            "132454789",
+            "",
+            "2022-09-09 19:44:32.712343+08",
+            "2022-09-09 19:44:32.712343+08",
+        ]
+    ]
+    header = ["id", "name", "email", "phone", "description", "created_at", "updated_at"]
+    table_format = "sql-insert"
+    kwargs = {
+        "column_types": [int, str, str, str, str, str, str],
+        "sep_title": "RECORD {n}",
+        "sep_character": "-",
+        "sep_length": (1, 25),
+        "missing_value": "<null>",
+        "integer_format": "",
+        "float_format": "",
+        "disable_numparse": True,
+        "preserve_whitespace": True,
+        "max_field_width": 500,
+    }
+    formatter.query = 'SELECT * FROM "user";'
+    output = adapter(data, header, table_format=table_format, **kwargs)
+    output_list = [l for l in output]
+    expected = [
+        'INSERT INTO "user" ("id", "name", "email", "phone", "description", "created_at", "updated_at") VALUES',
+        "  ('1', 'Jackson', 'jackson_test@gmail.com', '132454789', '', "
+        + "'2022-09-09 19:44:32.712343+08', '2022-09-09 19:44:32.712343+08')",
+        ";",
+    ]
+    assert expected == output_list
+
+
+def test_output_sql_update():
+    global formatter
+    formatter = TabularOutputFormatter
+    register_new_formatter(formatter)
+    data = [
+        [
+            1,
+            "Jackson",
+            "jackson_test@gmail.com",
+            "132454789",
+            "",
+            "2022-09-09 19:44:32.712343+08",
+            "2022-09-09 19:44:32.712343+08",
+        ]
+    ]
+    header = ["id", "name", "email", "phone", "description", "created_at", "updated_at"]
+    table_format = "sql-update"
+    kwargs = {
+        "column_types": [int, str, str, str, str, str, str],
+        "sep_title": "RECORD {n}",
+        "sep_character": "-",
+        "sep_length": (1, 25),
+        "missing_value": "<null>",
+        "integer_format": "",
+        "float_format": "",
+        "disable_numparse": True,
+        "preserve_whitespace": True,
+        "max_field_width": 500,
+    }
+    formatter.query = 'SELECT * FROM "user";'
+    output = adapter(data, header, table_format=table_format, **kwargs)
+    output_list = [l for l in output]
+    print(output_list)
+    expected = [
+        'UPDATE "user" SET',
+        "  \"name\" = 'Jackson'",
+        ", \"email\" = 'jackson_test@gmail.com'",
+        ", \"phone\" = '132454789'",
+        ", \"description\" = ''",
+        ", \"created_at\" = '2022-09-09 19:44:32.712343+08'",
+        ", \"updated_at\" = '2022-09-09 19:44:32.712343+08'",
+        "WHERE \"id\" = '1';",
+    ]
+    assert expected == output_list
diff --git a/tests/metadata.py b/tests/metadata.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ebcccd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/metadata.py
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+from functools import partial
+from itertools import product
+from pgcli.packages.parseutils.meta import FunctionMetadata, ForeignKey
+from prompt_toolkit.completion import Completion
+from prompt_toolkit.document import Document
+from unittest.mock import Mock
+import pytest
+
+parametrize = pytest.mark.parametrize
+
+qual = ["if_more_than_one_table", "always"]
+no_qual = ["if_more_than_one_table", "never"]
+
+
+def escape(name):
+    if not name.islower() or name in ("select", "localtimestamp"):
+        return '"' + name + '"'
+    return name
+
+
+def completion(display_meta, text, pos=0):
+    return Completion(text, start_position=pos, display_meta=display_meta)
+
+
+def function(text, pos=0, display=None):
+    return Completion(
+        text, display=display or text, start_position=pos, display_meta="function"
+    )
+
+
+def get_result(completer, text, position=None):
+    position = len(text) if position is None else position
+    return completer.get_completions(
+        Document(text=text, cursor_position=position), Mock()
+    )
+
+
+def result_set(completer, text, position=None):
+    return set(get_result(completer, text, position))
+
+
+# The code below is quivalent to
+# def schema(text, pos=0):
+#   return completion('schema', text, pos)
+# and so on
+schema = partial(completion, "schema")
+table = partial(completion, "table")
+view = partial(completion, "view")
+column = partial(completion, "column")
+keyword = partial(completion, "keyword")
+datatype = partial(completion, "datatype")
+alias = partial(completion, "table alias")
+name_join = partial(completion, "name join")
+fk_join = partial(completion, "fk join")
+join = partial(completion, "join")
+
+
+def wildcard_expansion(cols, pos=-1):
+    return Completion(cols, start_position=pos, display_meta="columns", display="*")
+
+
+class MetaData:
+    def __init__(self, metadata):
+        self.metadata = metadata
+
+    def builtin_functions(self, pos=0):
+        return [function(f, pos) for f in self.completer.functions]
+
+    def builtin_datatypes(self, pos=0):
+        return [datatype(dt, pos) for dt in self.completer.datatypes]
+
+    def keywords(self, pos=0):
+        return [keyword(kw, pos) for kw in self.completer.keywords_tree.keys()]
+
+    def specials(self, pos=0):
+        return [
+            Completion(text=k, start_position=pos, display_meta=v.description)
+            for k, v in self.completer.pgspecial.commands.items()
+        ]
+
+    def columns(self, tbl, parent="public", typ="tables", pos=0):
+        if typ == "functions":
+            fun = [x for x in self.metadata[typ][parent] if x[0] == tbl][0]
+            cols = fun[1]
+        else:
+            cols = self.metadata[typ][parent][tbl]
+        return [column(escape(col), pos) for col in cols]
+
+    def datatypes(self, parent="public", pos=0):
+        return [
+            datatype(escape(x), pos)
+            for x in self.metadata.get("datatypes", {}).get(parent, [])
+        ]
+
+    def tables(self, parent="public", pos=0):
+        return [
+            table(escape(x), pos)
+            for x in self.metadata.get("tables", {}).get(parent, [])
+        ]
+
+    def views(self, parent="public", pos=0):
+        return [
+            view(escape(x), pos) for x in self.metadata.get("views", {}).get(parent, [])
+        ]
+
+    def functions(self, parent="public", pos=0):
+        return [
+            function(
+                escape(x[0])
+                + "("
+                + ", ".join(
+                    arg_name + " := "
+                    for (arg_name, arg_mode) in zip(x[1], x[3])
+                    if arg_mode in ("b", "i")
+                )
+                + ")",
+                pos,
+                escape(x[0])
+                + "("
+                + ", ".join(
+                    arg_name
+                    for (arg_name, arg_mode) in zip(x[1], x[3])
+                    if arg_mode in ("b", "i")
+                )
+                + ")",
+            )
+            for x in self.metadata.get("functions", {}).get(parent, [])
+        ]
+
+    def schemas(self, pos=0):
+        schemas = {sch for schs in self.metadata.values() for sch in schs}
+        return [schema(escape(s), pos=pos) for s in schemas]
+
+    def functions_and_keywords(self, parent="public", pos=0):
+        return (
+            self.functions(parent, pos)
+            + self.builtin_functions(pos)
+            + self.keywords(pos)
+        )
+
+    # Note that the filtering parameters here only apply to the columns
+    def columns_functions_and_keywords(self, tbl, parent="public", typ="tables", pos=0):
+        return self.functions_and_keywords(pos=pos) + self.columns(
+            tbl, parent, typ, pos
+        )
+
+    def from_clause_items(self, parent="public", pos=0):
+        return (
+            self.functions(parent, pos)
+            + self.views(parent, pos)
+            + self.tables(parent, pos)
+        )
+
+    def schemas_and_from_clause_items(self, parent="public", pos=0):
+        return self.from_clause_items(parent, pos) + self.schemas(pos)
+
+    def types(self, parent="public", pos=0):
+        return self.datatypes(parent, pos) + self.tables(parent, pos)
+
+    @property
+    def completer(self):
+        return self.get_completer()
+
+    def get_completers(self, casing):
+        """
+        Returns a function taking three bools `casing`, `filtr`, `aliasing` and
+        the list `qualify`, all defaulting to None.
+        Returns a list of completers.
+        These parameters specify the allowed values for the corresponding
+        completer parameters, `None` meaning any, i.e. (None, None, None, None)
+        results in all 24 possible completers, whereas e.g.
+        (True, False, True, ['never']) results in the one completer with
+        casing, without `search_path` filtering of objects, with table
+        aliasing, and without column qualification.
+        """
+
+        def _cfg(_casing, filtr, aliasing, qualify):
+            cfg = {"settings": {}}
+            if _casing:
+                cfg["casing"] = casing
+            cfg["settings"]["search_path_filter"] = filtr
+            cfg["settings"]["generate_aliases"] = aliasing
+            cfg["settings"]["qualify_columns"] = qualify
+            return cfg
+
+        def _cfgs(casing, filtr, aliasing, qualify):
+            casings = [True, False] if casing is None else [casing]
+            filtrs = [True, False] if filtr is None else [filtr]
+            aliases = [True, False] if aliasing is None else [aliasing]
+            qualifys = qualify or ["always", "if_more_than_one_table", "never"]
+            return [_cfg(*p) for p in product(casings, filtrs, aliases, qualifys)]
+
+        def completers(casing=None, filtr=None, aliasing=None, qualify=None):
+            get_comp = self.get_completer
+            return [get_comp(**c) for c in _cfgs(casing, filtr, aliasing, qualify)]
+
+        return completers
+
+    def _make_col(self, sch, tbl, col):
+        defaults = self.metadata.get("defaults", {}).get(sch, {})
+        return (sch, tbl, col, "text", (tbl, col) in defaults, defaults.get((tbl, col)))
+
+    def get_completer(self, settings=None, casing=None):
+        metadata = self.metadata
+        from pgcli.pgcompleter import PGCompleter
+        from pgspecial import PGSpecial
+
+        comp = PGCompleter(
+            smart_completion=True, settings=settings, pgspecial=PGSpecial()
+        )
+
+        schemata, tables, tbl_cols, views, view_cols = [], [], [], [], []
+
+        for sch, tbls in metadata["tables"].items():
+            schemata.append(sch)
+
+            for tbl, cols in tbls.items():
+                tables.append((sch, tbl))
+                # Let all columns be text columns
+                tbl_cols.extend([self._make_col(sch, tbl, col) for col in cols])
+
+        for sch, tbls in metadata.get("views", {}).items():
+            for tbl, cols in tbls.items():
+                views.append((sch, tbl))
+                # Let all columns be text columns
+                view_cols.extend([self._make_col(sch, tbl, col) for col in cols])
+
+        functions = [
+            FunctionMetadata(sch, *func_meta, arg_defaults=None)
+            for sch, funcs in metadata["functions"].items()
+            for func_meta in funcs
+        ]
+
+        datatypes = [
+            (sch, typ)
+            for sch, datatypes in metadata["datatypes"].items()
+            for typ in datatypes
+        ]
+
+        foreignkeys = [
+            ForeignKey(*fk) for fks in metadata["foreignkeys"].values() for fk in fks
+        ]
+
+        comp.extend_schemata(schemata)
+        comp.extend_relations(tables, kind="tables")
+        comp.extend_relations(views, kind="views")
+        comp.extend_columns(tbl_cols, kind="tables")
+        comp.extend_columns(view_cols, kind="views")
+        comp.extend_functions(functions)
+        comp.extend_datatypes(datatypes)
+        comp.extend_foreignkeys(foreignkeys)
+        comp.set_search_path(["public"])
+        comp.extend_casing(casing or [])
+
+        return comp
diff --git a/tests/parseutils/test_ctes.py b/tests/parseutils/test_ctes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e89cca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/parseutils/test_ctes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+import pytest
+from sqlparse import parse
+from pgcli.packages.parseutils.ctes import (
+    token_start_pos,
+    extract_ctes,
+    extract_column_names as _extract_column_names,
+)
+
+
+def extract_column_names(sql):
+    p = parse(sql)[0]
+    return _extract_column_names(p)
+
+
+def test_token_str_pos():
+    sql = "SELECT * FROM xxx"
+    p = parse(sql)[0]
+    idx = p.token_index(p.tokens[-1])
+    assert token_start_pos(p.tokens, idx) == len("SELECT * FROM ")
+
+    sql = "SELECT * FROM \nxxx"
+    p = parse(sql)[0]
+    idx = p.token_index(p.tokens[-1])
+    assert token_start_pos(p.tokens, idx) == len("SELECT * FROM \n")
+
+
+def test_single_column_name_extraction():
+    sql = "SELECT abc FROM xxx"
+    assert extract_column_names(sql) == ("abc",)
+
+
+def test_aliased_single_column_name_extraction():
+    sql = "SELECT abc def FROM xxx"
+    assert extract_column_names(sql) == ("def",)
+
+
+def test_aliased_expression_name_extraction():
+    sql = "SELECT 99 abc FROM xxx"
+    assert extract_column_names(sql) == ("abc",)
+
+
+def test_multiple_column_name_extraction():
+    sql = "SELECT abc, def FROM xxx"
+    assert extract_column_names(sql) == ("abc", "def")
+
+
+def test_missing_column_name_handled_gracefully():
+    sql = "SELECT abc, 99 FROM xxx"
+    assert extract_column_names(sql) == ("abc",)
+
+    sql = "SELECT abc, 99, def FROM xxx"
+    assert extract_column_names(sql) == ("abc", "def")
+
+
+def test_aliased_multiple_column_name_extraction():
+    sql = "SELECT abc def, ghi jkl FROM xxx"
+    assert extract_column_names(sql) == ("def", "jkl")
+
+
+def test_table_qualified_column_name_extraction():
+    sql = "SELECT abc.def, ghi.jkl FROM xxx"
+    assert extract_column_names(sql) == ("def", "jkl")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "INSERT INTO foo (x, y, z) VALUES (5, 6, 7) RETURNING x, y",
+        "DELETE FROM foo WHERE x > y RETURNING x, y",
+        "UPDATE foo SET x = 9 RETURNING x, y",
+    ],
+)
+def test_extract_column_names_from_returning_clause(sql):
+    assert extract_column_names(sql) == ("x", "y")
+
+
+def test_simple_cte_extraction():
+    sql = "WITH a AS (SELECT abc FROM xxx) SELECT * FROM a"
+    start_pos = len("WITH a AS ")
+    stop_pos = len("WITH a AS (SELECT abc FROM xxx)")
+    ctes, remainder = extract_ctes(sql)
+
+    assert tuple(ctes) == (("a", ("abc",), start_pos, stop_pos),)
+    assert remainder.strip() == "SELECT * FROM a"
+
+
+def test_cte_extraction_around_comments():
+    sql = """--blah blah blah
+            WITH a AS (SELECT abc def FROM x)
+            SELECT * FROM a"""
+    start_pos = len(
+        """--blah blah blah
+            WITH a AS """
+    )
+    stop_pos = len(
+        """--blah blah blah
+            WITH a AS (SELECT abc def FROM x)"""
+    )
+
+    ctes, remainder = extract_ctes(sql)
+    assert tuple(ctes) == (("a", ("def",), start_pos, stop_pos),)
+    assert remainder.strip() == "SELECT * FROM a"
+
+
+def test_multiple_cte_extraction():
+    sql = """WITH
+            x AS (SELECT abc, def FROM x),
+            y AS (SELECT ghi, jkl FROM y)
+            SELECT * FROM a, b"""
+
+    start1 = len(
+        """WITH
+            x AS """
+    )
+
+    stop1 = len(
+        """WITH
+            x AS (SELECT abc, def FROM x)"""
+    )
+
+    start2 = len(
+        """WITH
+            x AS (SELECT abc, def FROM x),
+            y AS """
+    )
+
+    stop2 = len(
+        """WITH
+            x AS (SELECT abc, def FROM x),
+            y AS (SELECT ghi, jkl FROM y)"""
+    )
+
+    ctes, remainder = extract_ctes(sql)
+    assert tuple(ctes) == (
+        ("x", ("abc", "def"), start1, stop1),
+        ("y", ("ghi", "jkl"), start2, stop2),
+    )
diff --git a/tests/parseutils/test_function_metadata.py b/tests/parseutils/test_function_metadata.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0350e2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/parseutils/test_function_metadata.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from pgcli.packages.parseutils.meta import FunctionMetadata
+
+
+def test_function_metadata_eq():
+    f1 = FunctionMetadata(
+        "s", "f", ["x"], ["integer"], [], "int", False, False, False, False, None
+    )
+    f2 = FunctionMetadata(
+        "s", "f", ["x"], ["integer"], [], "int", False, False, False, False, None
+    )
+    f3 = FunctionMetadata(
+        "s", "g", ["x"], ["integer"], [], "int", False, False, False, False, None
+    )
+    assert f1 == f2
+    assert f1 != f3
+    assert not (f1 != f2)
+    assert not (f1 == f3)
+    assert hash(f1) == hash(f2)
+    assert hash(f1) != hash(f3)
diff --git a/tests/parseutils/test_parseutils.py b/tests/parseutils/test_parseutils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a375d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/parseutils/test_parseutils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+import pytest
+from pgcli.packages.parseutils import is_destructive
+from pgcli.packages.parseutils.tables import extract_tables
+from pgcli.packages.parseutils.utils import find_prev_keyword, is_open_quote
+
+
+def test_empty_string():
+    tables = extract_tables("")
+    assert tables == ()
+
+
+def test_simple_select_single_table():
+    tables = extract_tables("select * from abc")
+    assert tables == ((None, "abc", None, False),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql", ['select * from "abc"."def"', 'select * from abc."def"']
+)
+def test_simple_select_single_table_schema_qualified_quoted_table(sql):
+    tables = extract_tables(sql)
+    assert tables == (("abc", "def", '"def"', False),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("sql", ["select * from abc.def", 'select * from "abc".def'])
+def test_simple_select_single_table_schema_qualified(sql):
+    tables = extract_tables(sql)
+    assert tables == (("abc", "def", None, False),)
+
+
+def test_simple_select_single_table_double_quoted():
+    tables = extract_tables('select * from "Abc"')
+    assert tables == ((None, "Abc", None, False),)
+
+
+def test_simple_select_multiple_tables():
+    tables = extract_tables("select * from abc, def")
+    assert set(tables) == {(None, "abc", None, False), (None, "def", None, False)}
+
+
+def test_simple_select_multiple_tables_double_quoted():
+    tables = extract_tables('select * from "Abc", "Def"')
+    assert set(tables) == {(None, "Abc", None, False), (None, "Def", None, False)}
+
+
+def test_simple_select_single_table_deouble_quoted_aliased():
+    tables = extract_tables('select * from "Abc" a')
+    assert tables == ((None, "Abc", "a", False),)
+
+
+def test_simple_select_multiple_tables_deouble_quoted_aliased():
+    tables = extract_tables('select * from "Abc" a, "Def" d')
+    assert set(tables) == {(None, "Abc", "a", False), (None, "Def", "d", False)}
+
+
+def test_simple_select_multiple_tables_schema_qualified():
+    tables = extract_tables("select * from abc.def, ghi.jkl")
+    assert set(tables) == {("abc", "def", None, False), ("ghi", "jkl", None, False)}
+
+
+def test_simple_select_with_cols_single_table():
+    tables = extract_tables("select a,b from abc")
+    assert tables == ((None, "abc", None, False),)
+
+
+def test_simple_select_with_cols_single_table_schema_qualified():
+    tables = extract_tables("select a,b from abc.def")
+    assert tables == (("abc", "def", None, False),)
+
+
+def test_simple_select_with_cols_multiple_tables():
+    tables = extract_tables("select a,b from abc, def")
+    assert set(tables) == {(None, "abc", None, False), (None, "def", None, False)}
+
+
+def test_simple_select_with_cols_multiple_qualified_tables():
+    tables = extract_tables("select a,b from abc.def, def.ghi")
+    assert set(tables) == {("abc", "def", None, False), ("def", "ghi", None, False)}
+
+
+def test_select_with_hanging_comma_single_table():
+    tables = extract_tables("select a, from abc")
+    assert tables == ((None, "abc", None, False),)
+
+
+def test_select_with_hanging_comma_multiple_tables():
+    tables = extract_tables("select a, from abc, def")
+    assert set(tables) == {(None, "abc", None, False), (None, "def", None, False)}
+
+
+def test_select_with_hanging_period_multiple_tables():
+    tables = extract_tables("SELECT t1. FROM tabl1 t1, tabl2 t2")
+    assert set(tables) == {(None, "tabl1", "t1", False), (None, "tabl2", "t2", False)}
+
+
+def test_simple_insert_single_table():
+    tables = extract_tables('insert into abc (id, name) values (1, "def")')
+
+    # sqlparse mistakenly assigns an alias to the table
+    # AND mistakenly identifies the field list as
+    # assert tables == ((None, 'abc', 'abc', False),)
+
+    assert tables == ((None, "abc", "abc", False),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xfail
+def test_simple_insert_single_table_schema_qualified():
+    tables = extract_tables('insert into abc.def (id, name) values (1, "def")')
+    assert tables == (("abc", "def", None, False),)
+
+
+def test_simple_update_table_no_schema():
+    tables = extract_tables("update abc set id = 1")
+    assert tables == ((None, "abc", None, False),)
+
+
+def test_simple_update_table_with_schema():
+    tables = extract_tables("update abc.def set id = 1")
+    assert tables == (("abc", "def", None, False),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("join_type", ["", "INNER", "LEFT", "RIGHT OUTER"])
+def test_join_table(join_type):
+    sql = f"SELECT * FROM abc a {join_type} JOIN def d ON a.id = d.num"
+    tables = extract_tables(sql)
+    assert set(tables) == {(None, "abc", "a", False), (None, "def", "d", False)}
+
+
+def test_join_table_schema_qualified():
+    tables = extract_tables("SELECT * FROM abc.def x JOIN ghi.jkl y ON x.id = y.num")
+    assert set(tables) == {("abc", "def", "x", False), ("ghi", "jkl", "y", False)}
+
+
+def test_incomplete_join_clause():
+    sql = """select a.x, b.y
+             from abc a join bcd b
+             on a.id = """
+    tables = extract_tables(sql)
+    assert tables == ((None, "abc", "a", False), (None, "bcd", "b", False))
+
+
+def test_join_as_table():
+    tables = extract_tables("SELECT * FROM my_table AS m WHERE m.a > 5")
+    assert tables == ((None, "my_table", "m", False),)
+
+
+def test_multiple_joins():
+    sql = """select * from t1
+            inner join t2 ON
+              t1.id = t2.t1_id
+            inner join t3 ON
+              t2.id = t3."""
+    tables = extract_tables(sql)
+    assert tables == (
+        (None, "t1", None, False),
+        (None, "t2", None, False),
+        (None, "t3", None, False),
+    )
+
+
+def test_subselect_tables():
+    sql = "SELECT * FROM (SELECT  FROM abc"
+    tables = extract_tables(sql)
+    assert tables == ((None, "abc", None, False),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("text", ["SELECT * FROM foo.", "SELECT 123 AS foo"])
+def test_extract_no_tables(text):
+    tables = extract_tables(text)
+    assert tables == tuple()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("arg_list", ["", "arg1", "arg1, arg2, arg3"])
+def test_simple_function_as_table(arg_list):
+    tables = extract_tables(f"SELECT * FROM foo({arg_list})")
+    assert tables == ((None, "foo", None, True),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("arg_list", ["", "arg1", "arg1, arg2, arg3"])
+def test_simple_schema_qualified_function_as_table(arg_list):
+    tables = extract_tables(f"SELECT * FROM foo.bar({arg_list})")
+    assert tables == (("foo", "bar", None, True),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("arg_list", ["", "arg1", "arg1, arg2, arg3"])
+def test_simple_aliased_function_as_table(arg_list):
+    tables = extract_tables(f"SELECT * FROM foo({arg_list}) bar")
+    assert tables == ((None, "foo", "bar", True),)
+
+
+def test_simple_table_and_function():
+    tables = extract_tables("SELECT * FROM foo JOIN bar()")
+    assert set(tables) == {(None, "foo", None, False), (None, "bar", None, True)}
+
+
+def test_complex_table_and_function():
+    tables = extract_tables(
+        """SELECT * FROM foo.bar baz
+                               JOIN bar.qux(x, y, z) quux"""
+    )
+    assert set(tables) == {("foo", "bar", "baz", False), ("bar", "qux", "quux", True)}
+
+
+def test_find_prev_keyword_using():
+    q = "select * from tbl1 inner join tbl2 using (col1, "
+    kw, q2 = find_prev_keyword(q)
+    assert kw.value == "(" and q2 == "select * from tbl1 inner join tbl2 using ("
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "select * from foo where bar",
+        "select * from foo where bar = 1 and baz or ",
+        "select * from foo where bar = 1 and baz between qux and ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_find_prev_keyword_where(sql):
+    kw, stripped = find_prev_keyword(sql)
+    assert kw.value == "where" and stripped == "select * from foo where"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql", ["create table foo (bar int, baz ", "select * from foo() as bar (baz "]
+)
+def test_find_prev_keyword_open_parens(sql):
+    kw, _ = find_prev_keyword(sql)
+    assert kw.value == "("
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "",
+        "$$ foo $$",
+        "$$ 'foo' $$",
+        '$$ "foo" $$',
+        "$$ $a$ $$",
+        "$a$ $$ $a$",
+        "foo bar $$ baz $$",
+    ],
+)
+def test_is_open_quote__closed(sql):
+    assert not is_open_quote(sql)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "$$",
+        ";;;$$",
+        "foo $$ bar $$; foo $$",
+        "$$ foo $a$",
+        "foo 'bar baz",
+        "$a$ foo ",
+        '$$ "foo" ',
+        "$$ $a$ ",
+        "foo bar $$ baz",
+    ],
+)
+def test_is_open_quote__open(sql):
+    assert is_open_quote(sql)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("sql", "warning_level", "expected"),
+    [
+        ("update abc set x = 1", "all", True),
+        ("update abc set x = 1 where y = 2", "all", True),
+        ("update abc set x = 1", "moderate", True),
+        ("update abc set x = 1 where y = 2", "moderate", False),
+        ("select x, y, z from abc", "all", False),
+        ("drop abc", "all", True),
+        ("alter abc", "all", True),
+        ("delete abc", "all", True),
+        ("truncate abc", "all", True),
+    ],
+)
+def test_is_destructive(sql, warning_level, expected):
+    assert is_destructive(sql, warning_level=warning_level) == expected
diff --git a/tests/pytest.ini b/tests/pytest.ini
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f787740
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/pytest.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[pytest]
+addopts=--capture=sys --showlocals
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/test_auth.py b/tests/test_auth.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a517a89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import pytest
+from unittest import mock
+from pgcli import auth
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("enabled,call_count", [(True, 1), (False, 0)])
+def test_keyring_initialize(enabled, call_count):
+    logger = mock.MagicMock()
+
+    with mock.patch("importlib.import_module", return_value=True) as import_method:
+        auth.keyring_initialize(enabled, logger=logger)
+        assert import_method.call_count == call_count
+
+
+def test_keyring_get_password_ok():
+    with mock.patch("pgcli.auth.keyring", return_value=mock.MagicMock()):
+        with mock.patch("pgcli.auth.keyring.get_password", return_value="abc123"):
+            assert auth.keyring_get_password("test") == "abc123"
+
+
+def test_keyring_get_password_exception():
+    with mock.patch("pgcli.auth.keyring", return_value=mock.MagicMock()):
+        with mock.patch(
+            "pgcli.auth.keyring.get_password", side_effect=Exception("Boom!")
+        ):
+            assert auth.keyring_get_password("test") == ""
+
+
+def test_keyring_set_password_ok():
+    with mock.patch("pgcli.auth.keyring", return_value=mock.MagicMock()):
+        with mock.patch("pgcli.auth.keyring.set_password"):
+            auth.keyring_set_password("test", "abc123")
+
+
+def test_keyring_set_password_exception():
+    with mock.patch("pgcli.auth.keyring", return_value=mock.MagicMock()):
+        with mock.patch(
+            "pgcli.auth.keyring.set_password", side_effect=Exception("Boom!")
+        ):
+            auth.keyring_set_password("test", "abc123")
diff --git a/tests/test_completion_refresher.py b/tests/test_completion_refresher.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5529d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_completion_refresher.py
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+import time
+import pytest
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def refresher():
+    from pgcli.completion_refresher import CompletionRefresher
+
+    return CompletionRefresher()
+
+
+def test_ctor(refresher):
+    """
+    Refresher object should contain a few handlers
+    :param refresher:
+    :return:
+    """
+    assert len(refresher.refreshers) > 0
+    actual_handlers = list(refresher.refreshers.keys())
+    expected_handlers = [
+        "schemata",
+        "tables",
+        "views",
+        "types",
+        "databases",
+        "casing",
+        "functions",
+    ]
+    assert expected_handlers == actual_handlers
+
+
+def test_refresh_called_once(refresher):
+    """
+
+    :param refresher:
+    :return:
+    """
+    callbacks = Mock()
+    pgexecute = Mock(**{"is_virtual_database.return_value": False})
+    special = Mock()
+
+    with patch.object(refresher, "_bg_refresh") as bg_refresh:
+        actual = refresher.refresh(pgexecute, special, callbacks)
+        time.sleep(1)  # Wait for the thread to work.
+        assert len(actual) == 1
+        assert len(actual[0]) == 4
+        assert actual[0][3] == "Auto-completion refresh started in the background."
+        bg_refresh.assert_called_with(pgexecute, special, callbacks, None, None)
+
+
+def test_refresh_called_twice(refresher):
+    """
+    If refresh is called a second time, it should be restarted
+    :param refresher:
+    :return:
+    """
+    callbacks = Mock()
+
+    pgexecute = Mock(**{"is_virtual_database.return_value": False})
+    special = Mock()
+
+    def dummy_bg_refresh(*args):
+        time.sleep(3)  # seconds
+
+    refresher._bg_refresh = dummy_bg_refresh
+
+    actual1 = refresher.refresh(pgexecute, special, callbacks)
+    time.sleep(1)  # Wait for the thread to work.
+    assert len(actual1) == 1
+    assert len(actual1[0]) == 4
+    assert actual1[0][3] == "Auto-completion refresh started in the background."
+
+    actual2 = refresher.refresh(pgexecute, special, callbacks)
+    time.sleep(1)  # Wait for the thread to work.
+    assert len(actual2) == 1
+    assert len(actual2[0]) == 4
+    assert actual2[0][3] == "Auto-completion refresh restarted."
+
+
+def test_refresh_with_callbacks(refresher):
+    """
+    Callbacks must be called
+    :param refresher:
+    """
+    callbacks = [Mock()]
+    pgexecute = Mock(**{"is_virtual_database.return_value": False})
+    pgexecute.extra_args = {}
+    special = Mock()
+
+    # Set refreshers to 0: we're not testing refresh logic here
+    refresher.refreshers = {}
+    refresher.refresh(pgexecute, special, callbacks)
+    time.sleep(1)  # Wait for the thread to work.
+    assert callbacks[0].call_count == 1
diff --git a/tests/test_config.py b/tests/test_config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08fe74e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import io
+import os
+import stat
+
+import pytest
+
+from pgcli.config import ensure_dir_exists, skip_initial_comment
+
+
+def test_ensure_file_parent(tmpdir):
+    subdir = tmpdir.join("subdir")
+    rcfile = subdir.join("rcfile")
+    ensure_dir_exists(str(rcfile))
+
+
+def test_ensure_existing_dir(tmpdir):
+    rcfile = str(tmpdir.mkdir("subdir").join("rcfile"))
+
+    # should just not raise
+    ensure_dir_exists(rcfile)
+
+
+def test_ensure_other_create_error(tmpdir):
+    subdir = tmpdir.join('subdir"')
+    rcfile = subdir.join("rcfile")
+
+    # trigger an  oserror that isn't "directory already exists"
+    os.chmod(str(tmpdir), stat.S_IREAD)
+
+    with pytest.raises(OSError):
+        ensure_dir_exists(str(rcfile))
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text, skipped_lines",
+    (
+        ("abc\n", 1),
+        ("#[section]\ndef\n[section]", 2),
+        ("[section]", 0),
+    ),
+)
+def test_skip_initial_comment(text, skipped_lines):
+    assert skip_initial_comment(io.StringIO(text)) == skipped_lines
diff --git a/tests/test_fuzzy_completion.py b/tests/test_fuzzy_completion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f8f2cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_fuzzy_completion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def completer():
+    import pgcli.pgcompleter as pgcompleter
+
+    return pgcompleter.PGCompleter()
+
+
+def test_ranking_ignores_identifier_quotes(completer):
+    """When calculating result rank, identifier quotes should be ignored.
+
+    The result ranking algorithm ignores identifier quotes. Without this
+    correction, the match "user", which Postgres requires to be quoted
+    since it is also a reserved word, would incorrectly fall below the
+    match user_action because the literal quotation marks in "user"
+    alter the position of the match.
+
+    This test checks that the fuzzy ranking algorithm correctly ignores
+    quotation marks when computing match ranks.
+
+    """
+
+    text = "user"
+    collection = ["user_action", '"user"']
+    matches = completer.find_matches(text, collection)
+    assert len(matches) == 2
+
+
+def test_ranking_based_on_shortest_match(completer):
+    """Fuzzy result rank should be based on shortest match.
+
+    Result ranking in fuzzy searching is partially based on the length
+    of matches: shorter matches are considered more relevant than
+    longer ones. When searching for the text 'user', the length
+    component of the match 'user_group' could be either 4 ('user') or
+    7 ('user_gr').
+
+    This test checks that the fuzzy ranking algorithm uses the shorter
+    match when calculating result rank.
+
+    """
+
+    text = "user"
+    collection = ["api_user", "user_group"]
+    matches = completer.find_matches(text, collection)
+
+    assert matches[1].priority > matches[0].priority
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "collection",
+    [["user_action", "user"], ["user_group", "user"], ["user_group", "user_action"]],
+)
+def test_should_break_ties_using_lexical_order(completer, collection):
+    """Fuzzy result rank should use lexical order to break ties.
+
+    When fuzzy matching, if multiple matches have the same match length and
+    start position, present them in lexical (rather than arbitrary) order. For
+    example, if we have tables 'user', 'user_action', and 'user_group', a
+    search for the text 'user' should present these tables in this order.
+
+    The input collections to this test are out of order; each run checks that
+    the search text 'user' results in the input tables being reordered
+    lexically.
+
+    """
+
+    text = "user"
+    matches = completer.find_matches(text, collection)
+
+    assert matches[1].priority > matches[0].priority
+
+
+def test_matching_should_be_case_insensitive(completer):
+    """Fuzzy matching should keep matches even if letter casing doesn't match.
+
+    This test checks that variations of the text which have different casing
+    are still matched.
+    """
+
+    text = "foo"
+    collection = ["Foo", "FOO", "fOO"]
+    matches = completer.find_matches(text, collection)
+
+    assert len(matches) == 3
diff --git a/tests/test_main.py b/tests/test_main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b3a84b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,476 @@
+import os
+import platform
+from unittest import mock
+
+import pytest
+
+try:
+    import setproctitle
+except ImportError:
+    setproctitle = None
+
+from pgcli.main import (
+    obfuscate_process_password,
+    format_output,
+    PGCli,
+    OutputSettings,
+    COLOR_CODE_REGEX,
+)
+from pgcli.pgexecute import PGExecute
+from pgspecial.main import PAGER_OFF, PAGER_LONG_OUTPUT, PAGER_ALWAYS
+from utils import dbtest, run
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(platform.system() == "Windows", reason="Not applicable in windows")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not setproctitle, reason="setproctitle not available")
+def test_obfuscate_process_password():
+    original_title = setproctitle.getproctitle()
+
+    setproctitle.setproctitle("pgcli user=root password=secret host=localhost")
+    obfuscate_process_password()
+    title = setproctitle.getproctitle()
+    expected = "pgcli user=root password=xxxx host=localhost"
+    assert title == expected
+
+    setproctitle.setproctitle("pgcli user=root password=top secret host=localhost")
+    obfuscate_process_password()
+    title = setproctitle.getproctitle()
+    expected = "pgcli user=root password=xxxx host=localhost"
+    assert title == expected
+
+    setproctitle.setproctitle("pgcli user=root password=top secret")
+    obfuscate_process_password()
+    title = setproctitle.getproctitle()
+    expected = "pgcli user=root password=xxxx"
+    assert title == expected
+
+    setproctitle.setproctitle("pgcli postgres://root:secret@localhost/db")
+    obfuscate_process_password()
+    title = setproctitle.getproctitle()
+    expected = "pgcli postgres://root:xxxx@localhost/db"
+    assert title == expected
+
+    setproctitle.setproctitle(original_title)
+
+
+def test_format_output():
+    settings = OutputSettings(table_format="psql", dcmlfmt="d", floatfmt="g")
+    results = format_output(
+        "Title", [("abc", "def")], ["head1", "head2"], "test status", settings
+    )
+    expected = [
+        "Title",
+        "+-------+-------+",
+        "| head1 | head2 |",
+        "|-------+-------|",
+        "| abc   | def   |",
+        "+-------+-------+",
+        "test status",
+    ]
+    assert list(results) == expected
+
+
+def test_format_output_truncate_on():
+    settings = OutputSettings(
+        table_format="psql", dcmlfmt="d", floatfmt="g", max_field_width=10
+    )
+    results = format_output(
+        None,
+        [("first field value", "second field value")],
+        ["head1", "head2"],
+        None,
+        settings,
+    )
+    expected = [
+        "+------------+------------+",
+        "| head1      | head2      |",
+        "|------------+------------|",
+        "| first f... | second ... |",
+        "+------------+------------+",
+    ]
+    assert list(results) == expected
+
+
+def test_format_output_truncate_off():
+    settings = OutputSettings(
+        table_format="psql", dcmlfmt="d", floatfmt="g", max_field_width=None
+    )
+    long_field_value = ("first field " * 100).strip()
+    results = format_output(None, [(long_field_value,)], ["head1"], None, settings)
+    lines = list(results)
+    assert lines[3] == f"| {long_field_value} |"
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_format_array_output(executor):
+    statement = """
+    SELECT
+        array[1, 2, 3]::bigint[] as bigint_array,
+        '{{1,2},{3,4}}'::numeric[] as nested_numeric_array,
+        '{å,魚,текст}'::text[] as 配列
+    UNION ALL
+    SELECT '{}', NULL, array[NULL]
+    """
+    results = run(executor, statement)
+    expected = [
+        "+--------------+----------------------+--------------+",
+        "| bigint_array | nested_numeric_array | 配列         |",
+        "|--------------+----------------------+--------------|",
+        "| {1,2,3}      | {{1,2},{3,4}}        | {å,魚,текст} |",
+        "| {}           | <null>               | {<null>}     |",
+        "+--------------+----------------------+--------------+",
+        "SELECT 2",
+    ]
+    assert list(results) == expected
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_format_array_output_expanded(executor):
+    statement = """
+    SELECT
+        array[1, 2, 3]::bigint[] as bigint_array,
+        '{{1,2},{3,4}}'::numeric[] as nested_numeric_array,
+        '{å,魚,текст}'::text[] as 配列
+    UNION ALL
+    SELECT '{}', NULL, array[NULL]
+    """
+    results = run(executor, statement, expanded=True)
+    expected = [
+        "-[ RECORD 1 ]-------------------------",
+        "bigint_array         | {1,2,3}",
+        "nested_numeric_array | {{1,2},{3,4}}",
+        "配列                   | {å,魚,текст}",
+        "-[ RECORD 2 ]-------------------------",
+        "bigint_array         | {}",
+        "nested_numeric_array | <null>",
+        "配列                   | {<null>}",
+        "SELECT 2",
+    ]
+    assert "\n".join(results) == "\n".join(expected)
+
+
+def test_format_output_auto_expand():
+    settings = OutputSettings(
+        table_format="psql", dcmlfmt="d", floatfmt="g", max_width=100
+    )
+    table_results = format_output(
+        "Title", [("abc", "def")], ["head1", "head2"], "test status", settings
+    )
+    table = [
+        "Title",
+        "+-------+-------+",
+        "| head1 | head2 |",
+        "|-------+-------|",
+        "| abc   | def   |",
+        "+-------+-------+",
+        "test status",
+    ]
+    assert list(table_results) == table
+    expanded_results = format_output(
+        "Title",
+        [("abc", "def")],
+        ["head1", "head2"],
+        "test status",
+        settings._replace(max_width=1),
+    )
+    expanded = [
+        "Title",
+        "-[ RECORD 1 ]-------------------------",
+        "head1 | abc",
+        "head2 | def",
+        "test status",
+    ]
+    assert "\n".join(expanded_results) == "\n".join(expanded)
+
+
+termsize = namedtuple("termsize", ["rows", "columns"])
+test_line = "-" * 10
+test_data = [
+    (10, 10, "\n".join([test_line] * 7)),
+    (10, 10, "\n".join([test_line] * 6)),
+    (10, 10, "\n".join([test_line] * 5)),
+    (10, 10, "-" * 11),
+    (10, 10, "-" * 10),
+    (10, 10, "-" * 9),
+]
+
+# 4 lines are reserved at the bottom of the terminal for pgcli's prompt
+use_pager_when_on = [True, True, False, True, False, False]
+
+# Can be replaced with pytest.param once we can upgrade pytest after Python 3.4 goes EOL
+test_ids = [
+    "Output longer than terminal height",
+    "Output equal to terminal height",
+    "Output shorter than terminal height",
+    "Output longer than terminal width",
+    "Output equal to terminal width",
+    "Output shorter than terminal width",
+]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def pset_pager_mocks():
+    cli = PGCli()
+    cli.watch_command = None
+    with mock.patch("pgcli.main.click.echo") as mock_echo, mock.patch(
+        "pgcli.main.click.echo_via_pager"
+    ) as mock_echo_via_pager, mock.patch.object(cli, "prompt_app") as mock_app:
+
+        yield cli, mock_echo, mock_echo_via_pager, mock_app
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("term_height,term_width,text", test_data, ids=test_ids)
+def test_pset_pager_off(term_height, term_width, text, pset_pager_mocks):
+    cli, mock_echo, mock_echo_via_pager, mock_cli = pset_pager_mocks
+    mock_cli.output.get_size.return_value = termsize(
+        rows=term_height, columns=term_width
+    )
+
+    with mock.patch.object(cli.pgspecial, "pager_config", PAGER_OFF):
+        cli.echo_via_pager(text)
+
+    mock_echo.assert_called()
+    mock_echo_via_pager.assert_not_called()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("term_height,term_width,text", test_data, ids=test_ids)
+def test_pset_pager_always(term_height, term_width, text, pset_pager_mocks):
+    cli, mock_echo, mock_echo_via_pager, mock_cli = pset_pager_mocks
+    mock_cli.output.get_size.return_value = termsize(
+        rows=term_height, columns=term_width
+    )
+
+    with mock.patch.object(cli.pgspecial, "pager_config", PAGER_ALWAYS):
+        cli.echo_via_pager(text)
+
+    mock_echo.assert_not_called()
+    mock_echo_via_pager.assert_called()
+
+
+pager_on_test_data = [l + (r,) for l, r in zip(test_data, use_pager_when_on)]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "term_height,term_width,text,use_pager", pager_on_test_data, ids=test_ids
+)
+def test_pset_pager_on(term_height, term_width, text, use_pager, pset_pager_mocks):
+    cli, mock_echo, mock_echo_via_pager, mock_cli = pset_pager_mocks
+    mock_cli.output.get_size.return_value = termsize(
+        rows=term_height, columns=term_width
+    )
+
+    with mock.patch.object(cli.pgspecial, "pager_config", PAGER_LONG_OUTPUT):
+        cli.echo_via_pager(text)
+
+    if use_pager:
+        mock_echo.assert_not_called()
+        mock_echo_via_pager.assert_called()
+    else:
+        mock_echo_via_pager.assert_not_called()
+        mock_echo.assert_called()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text,expected_length",
+    [
+        (
+            "22200K .......\u001b[0m\u001b[91m... .......... ...\u001b[0m\u001b[91m.\u001b[0m\u001b[91m...... .........\u001b[0m\u001b[91m.\u001b[0m\u001b[91m \u001b[0m\u001b[91m.\u001b[0m\u001b[91m.\u001b[0m\u001b[91m.\u001b[0m\u001b[91m.\u001b[0m\u001b[91m...... 50% 28.6K 12m55s",
+            78,
+        ),
+        ("=\u001b[m=", 2),
+        ("-\u001b]23\u0007-", 2),
+    ],
+)
+def test_color_pattern(text, expected_length, pset_pager_mocks):
+    cli = pset_pager_mocks[0]
+    assert len(COLOR_CODE_REGEX.sub("", text)) == expected_length
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_i_works(tmpdir, executor):
+    sqlfile = tmpdir.join("test.sql")
+    sqlfile.write("SELECT NOW()")
+    rcfile = str(tmpdir.join("rcfile"))
+    cli = PGCli(pgexecute=executor, pgclirc_file=rcfile)
+    statement = r"\i {0}".format(sqlfile)
+    run(executor, statement, pgspecial=cli.pgspecial)
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_watch_works(executor):
+    cli = PGCli(pgexecute=executor)
+
+    def run_with_watch(
+        query, target_call_count=1, expected_output="", expected_timing=None
+    ):
+        """
+        :param query: Input to the CLI
+        :param target_call_count: Number of times the user lets the command run before Ctrl-C
+        :param expected_output: Substring expected to be found for each executed query
+        :param expected_timing: value `time.sleep` expected to be called with on every invocation
+        """
+        with mock.patch.object(cli, "echo_via_pager") as mock_echo, mock.patch(
+            "pgcli.main.sleep"
+        ) as mock_sleep:
+            mock_sleep.side_effect = [None] * (target_call_count - 1) + [
+                KeyboardInterrupt
+            ]
+            cli.handle_watch_command(query)
+        # Validate that sleep was called with the right timing
+        for i in range(target_call_count - 1):
+            assert mock_sleep.call_args_list[i][0][0] == expected_timing
+        # Validate that the output of the query was expected
+        assert mock_echo.call_count == target_call_count
+        for i in range(target_call_count):
+            assert expected_output in mock_echo.call_args_list[i][0][0]
+
+    # With no history, it errors.
+    with mock.patch("pgcli.main.click.secho") as mock_secho:
+        cli.handle_watch_command(r"\watch 2")
+    mock_secho.assert_called()
+    assert (
+        r"\watch cannot be used with an empty query"
+        in mock_secho.call_args_list[0][0][0]
+    )
+
+    # Usage 1: Run a query and then re-run it with \watch across two prompts.
+    run_with_watch("SELECT 111", expected_output="111")
+    run_with_watch(
+        "\\watch 10", target_call_count=2, expected_output="111", expected_timing=10
+    )
+
+    # Usage 2: Run a query and \watch via the same prompt.
+    run_with_watch(
+        "SELECT 222; \\watch 4",
+        target_call_count=3,
+        expected_output="222",
+        expected_timing=4,
+    )
+
+    # Usage 3: Re-run the last watched command with a new timing
+    run_with_watch(
+        "\\watch 5", target_call_count=4, expected_output="222", expected_timing=5
+    )
+
+
+def test_missing_rc_dir(tmpdir):
+    rcfile = str(tmpdir.join("subdir").join("rcfile"))
+
+    PGCli(pgclirc_file=rcfile)
+    assert os.path.exists(rcfile)
+
+
+def test_quoted_db_uri(tmpdir):
+    with mock.patch.object(PGCli, "connect") as mock_connect:
+        cli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=str(tmpdir.join("rcfile")))
+        cli.connect_uri("postgres://bar%5E:%5Dfoo@baz.com/testdb%5B")
+    mock_connect.assert_called_with(
+        database="testdb[", host="baz.com", user="bar^", passwd="]foo"
+    )
+
+
+def test_pg_service_file(tmpdir):
+
+    with mock.patch.object(PGCli, "connect") as mock_connect:
+        cli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=str(tmpdir.join("rcfile")))
+        with open(tmpdir.join(".pg_service.conf").strpath, "w") as service_conf:
+            service_conf.write(
+                """File begins with a comment
+            that is not a comment
+            # or maybe a comment after all
+            because psql is crazy
+
+            [myservice]
+            host=a_host
+            user=a_user
+            port=5433
+            password=much_secure
+            dbname=a_dbname
+
+            [my_other_service]
+            host=b_host
+            user=b_user
+            port=5435
+            dbname=b_dbname
+            """
+            )
+        os.environ["PGSERVICEFILE"] = tmpdir.join(".pg_service.conf").strpath
+        cli.connect_service("myservice", "another_user")
+        mock_connect.assert_called_with(
+            database="a_dbname",
+            host="a_host",
+            user="another_user",
+            port="5433",
+            passwd="much_secure",
+        )
+
+    with mock.patch.object(PGExecute, "__init__") as mock_pgexecute:
+        mock_pgexecute.return_value = None
+        cli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=str(tmpdir.join("rcfile")))
+        os.environ["PGPASSWORD"] = "very_secure"
+        cli.connect_service("my_other_service", None)
+    mock_pgexecute.assert_called_with(
+        "b_dbname",
+        "b_user",
+        "very_secure",
+        "b_host",
+        "5435",
+        "",
+        application_name="pgcli",
+    )
+    del os.environ["PGPASSWORD"]
+    del os.environ["PGSERVICEFILE"]
+
+
+def test_ssl_db_uri(tmpdir):
+    with mock.patch.object(PGCli, "connect") as mock_connect:
+        cli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=str(tmpdir.join("rcfile")))
+        cli.connect_uri(
+            "postgres://bar%5E:%5Dfoo@baz.com/testdb%5B?"
+            "sslmode=verify-full&sslcert=m%79.pem&sslkey=my-key.pem&sslrootcert=c%61.pem"
+        )
+    mock_connect.assert_called_with(
+        database="testdb[",
+        host="baz.com",
+        user="bar^",
+        passwd="]foo",
+        sslmode="verify-full",
+        sslcert="my.pem",
+        sslkey="my-key.pem",
+        sslrootcert="ca.pem",
+    )
+
+
+def test_port_db_uri(tmpdir):
+    with mock.patch.object(PGCli, "connect") as mock_connect:
+        cli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=str(tmpdir.join("rcfile")))
+        cli.connect_uri("postgres://bar:foo@baz.com:2543/testdb")
+    mock_connect.assert_called_with(
+        database="testdb", host="baz.com", user="bar", passwd="foo", port="2543"
+    )
+
+
+def test_multihost_db_uri(tmpdir):
+    with mock.patch.object(PGCli, "connect") as mock_connect:
+        cli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=str(tmpdir.join("rcfile")))
+        cli.connect_uri(
+            "postgres://bar:foo@baz1.com:2543,baz2.com:2543,baz3.com:2543/testdb"
+        )
+    mock_connect.assert_called_with(
+        database="testdb",
+        host="baz1.com,baz2.com,baz3.com",
+        user="bar",
+        passwd="foo",
+        port="2543,2543,2543",
+    )
+
+
+def test_application_name_db_uri(tmpdir):
+    with mock.patch.object(PGExecute, "__init__") as mock_pgexecute:
+        mock_pgexecute.return_value = None
+        cli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=str(tmpdir.join("rcfile")))
+        cli.connect_uri("postgres://bar@baz.com/?application_name=cow")
+    mock_pgexecute.assert_called_with(
+        "bar", "bar", "", "baz.com", "", "", application_name="cow"
+    )
diff --git a/tests/test_naive_completion.py b/tests/test_naive_completion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b93661
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_naive_completion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+import pytest
+from prompt_toolkit.completion import Completion
+from prompt_toolkit.document import Document
+from utils import completions_to_set
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def completer():
+    import pgcli.pgcompleter as pgcompleter
+
+    return pgcompleter.PGCompleter(smart_completion=False)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def complete_event():
+    from unittest.mock import Mock
+
+    return Mock()
+
+
+def test_empty_string_completion(completer, complete_event):
+    text = ""
+    position = 0
+    result = completions_to_set(
+        completer.get_completions(
+            Document(text=text, cursor_position=position), complete_event
+        )
+    )
+    assert result == completions_to_set(map(Completion, completer.all_completions))
+
+
+def test_select_keyword_completion(completer, complete_event):
+    text = "SEL"
+    position = len("SEL")
+    result = completions_to_set(
+        completer.get_completions(
+            Document(text=text, cursor_position=position), complete_event
+        )
+    )
+    assert result == completions_to_set([Completion(text="SELECT", start_position=-3)])
+
+
+def test_function_name_completion(completer, complete_event):
+    text = "SELECT MA"
+    position = len("SELECT MA")
+    result = completions_to_set(
+        completer.get_completions(
+            Document(text=text, cursor_position=position), complete_event
+        )
+    )
+    assert result == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            Completion(text="MATERIALIZED VIEW", start_position=-2),
+            Completion(text="MAX", start_position=-2),
+            Completion(text="MAXEXTENTS", start_position=-2),
+            Completion(text="MAKE_DATE", start_position=-2),
+            Completion(text="MAKE_TIME", start_position=-2),
+            Completion(text="MAKE_TIMESTAMPTZ", start_position=-2),
+            Completion(text="MAKE_INTERVAL", start_position=-2),
+            Completion(text="MASKLEN", start_position=-2),
+            Completion(text="MAKE_TIMESTAMP", start_position=-2),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+def test_column_name_completion(completer, complete_event):
+    text = "SELECT  FROM users"
+    position = len("SELECT ")
+    result = completions_to_set(
+        completer.get_completions(
+            Document(text=text, cursor_position=position), complete_event
+        )
+    )
+    assert result == completions_to_set(map(Completion, completer.all_completions))
+
+
+def test_alter_well_known_keywords_completion(completer, complete_event):
+    text = "ALTER "
+    position = len(text)
+    result = completions_to_set(
+        completer.get_completions(
+            Document(text=text, cursor_position=position),
+            complete_event,
+            smart_completion=True,
+        )
+    )
+    assert result > completions_to_set(
+        [
+            Completion(text="DATABASE", display_meta="keyword"),
+            Completion(text="TABLE", display_meta="keyword"),
+            Completion(text="SYSTEM", display_meta="keyword"),
+        ]
+    )
+    assert (
+        completions_to_set([Completion(text="CREATE", display_meta="keyword")])
+        not in result
+    )
+
+
+def test_special_name_completion(completer, complete_event):
+    text = "\\"
+    position = len("\\")
+    result = completions_to_set(
+        completer.get_completions(
+            Document(text=text, cursor_position=position), complete_event
+        )
+    )
+    # Special commands will NOT be suggested during naive completion mode.
+    assert result == completions_to_set([])
+
+
+def test_datatype_name_completion(completer, complete_event):
+    text = "SELECT price::IN"
+    position = len("SELECT price::IN")
+    result = completions_to_set(
+        completer.get_completions(
+            Document(text=text, cursor_position=position),
+            complete_event,
+            smart_completion=True,
+        )
+    )
+    assert result == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            Completion(text="INET", display_meta="datatype"),
+            Completion(text="INT", display_meta="datatype"),
+            Completion(text="INT2", display_meta="datatype"),
+            Completion(text="INT4", display_meta="datatype"),
+            Completion(text="INT8", display_meta="datatype"),
+            Completion(text="INTEGER", display_meta="datatype"),
+            Completion(text="INTERNAL", display_meta="datatype"),
+            Completion(text="INTERVAL", display_meta="datatype"),
+        ]
+    )
diff --git a/tests/test_pgexecute.py b/tests/test_pgexecute.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6d2f93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_pgexecute.py
@@ -0,0 +1,634 @@
+from textwrap import dedent
+
+import psycopg
+import pytest
+from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock
+from pgspecial.main import PGSpecial, NO_QUERY
+from utils import run, dbtest, requires_json, requires_jsonb
+
+from pgcli.main import PGCli
+from pgcli.packages.parseutils.meta import FunctionMetadata
+
+
+def function_meta_data(
+    func_name,
+    schema_name="public",
+    arg_names=None,
+    arg_types=None,
+    arg_modes=None,
+    return_type=None,
+    is_aggregate=False,
+    is_window=False,
+    is_set_returning=False,
+    is_extension=False,
+    arg_defaults=None,
+):
+    return FunctionMetadata(
+        schema_name,
+        func_name,
+        arg_names,
+        arg_types,
+        arg_modes,
+        return_type,
+        is_aggregate,
+        is_window,
+        is_set_returning,
+        is_extension,
+        arg_defaults,
+    )
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_conn(executor):
+    run(executor, """create table test(a text)""")
+    run(executor, """insert into test values('abc')""")
+    assert run(executor, """select * from test""", join=True) == dedent(
+        """\
+        +-----+
+        | a   |
+        |-----|
+        | abc |
+        +-----+
+        SELECT 1"""
+    )
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_copy(executor):
+    executor_copy = executor.copy()
+    run(executor_copy, """create table test(a text)""")
+    run(executor_copy, """insert into test values('abc')""")
+    assert run(executor_copy, """select * from test""", join=True) == dedent(
+        """\
+        +-----+
+        | a   |
+        |-----|
+        | abc |
+        +-----+
+        SELECT 1"""
+    )
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_bools_are_treated_as_strings(executor):
+    run(executor, """create table test(a boolean)""")
+    run(executor, """insert into test values(True)""")
+    assert run(executor, """select * from test""", join=True) == dedent(
+        """\
+        +------+
+        | a    |
+        |------|
+        | True |
+        +------+
+        SELECT 1"""
+    )
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_expanded_slash_G(executor, pgspecial):
+    # Tests whether we reset the expanded output after a \G.
+    run(executor, """create table test(a boolean)""")
+    run(executor, """insert into test values(True)""")
+    results = run(executor, r"""select * from test \G""", pgspecial=pgspecial)
+    assert pgspecial.expanded_output == False
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_schemata_table_views_and_columns_query(executor):
+    run(executor, "create table a(x text, y text)")
+    run(executor, "create table b(z text)")
+    run(executor, "create view d as select 1 as e")
+    run(executor, "create schema schema1")
+    run(executor, "create table schema1.c (w text DEFAULT 'meow')")
+    run(executor, "create schema schema2")
+
+    # schemata
+    # don't enforce all members of the schemas since they may include postgres
+    # temporary schemas
+    assert set(executor.schemata()) >= {
+        "public",
+        "pg_catalog",
+        "information_schema",
+        "schema1",
+        "schema2",
+    }
+    assert executor.search_path() == ["pg_catalog", "public"]
+
+    # tables
+    assert set(executor.tables()) >= {
+        ("public", "a"),
+        ("public", "b"),
+        ("schema1", "c"),
+    }
+
+    assert set(executor.table_columns()) >= {
+        ("public", "a", "x", "text", False, None),
+        ("public", "a", "y", "text", False, None),
+        ("public", "b", "z", "text", False, None),
+        ("schema1", "c", "w", "text", True, "'meow'::text"),
+    }
+
+    # views
+    assert set(executor.views()) >= {("public", "d")}
+
+    assert set(executor.view_columns()) >= {
+        ("public", "d", "e", "integer", False, None)
+    }
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_foreign_key_query(executor):
+    run(executor, "create schema schema1")
+    run(executor, "create schema schema2")
+    run(executor, "create table schema1.parent(parentid int PRIMARY KEY)")
+    run(
+        executor,
+        "create table schema2.child(childid int PRIMARY KEY, motherid int REFERENCES schema1.parent)",
+    )
+
+    assert set(executor.foreignkeys()) >= {
+        ("schema1", "parent", "parentid", "schema2", "child", "motherid")
+    }
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_functions_query(executor):
+    run(
+        executor,
+        """create function func1() returns int
+                     language sql as $$select 1$$""",
+    )
+    run(executor, "create schema schema1")
+    run(
+        executor,
+        """create function schema1.func2() returns int
+                     language sql as $$select 2$$""",
+    )
+
+    run(
+        executor,
+        """create function func3()
+                     returns table(x int, y int) language sql
+                     as $$select 1, 2 from generate_series(1,5)$$;""",
+    )
+
+    run(
+        executor,
+        """create function func4(x int) returns setof int language sql
+                     as $$select generate_series(1,5)$$;""",
+    )
+
+    funcs = set(executor.functions())
+    assert funcs >= {
+        function_meta_data(func_name="func1", return_type="integer"),
+        function_meta_data(
+            func_name="func3",
+            arg_names=["x", "y"],
+            arg_types=["integer", "integer"],
+            arg_modes=["t", "t"],
+            return_type="record",
+            is_set_returning=True,
+        ),
+        function_meta_data(
+            schema_name="public",
+            func_name="func4",
+            arg_names=("x",),
+            arg_types=("integer",),
+            return_type="integer",
+            is_set_returning=True,
+        ),
+        function_meta_data(
+            schema_name="schema1", func_name="func2", return_type="integer"
+        ),
+    }
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_datatypes_query(executor):
+    run(executor, "create type foo AS (a int, b text)")
+
+    types = list(executor.datatypes())
+    assert types == [("public", "foo")]
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_database_list(executor):
+    databases = executor.databases()
+    assert "_test_db" in databases
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_invalid_syntax(executor, exception_formatter):
+    result = run(executor, "invalid syntax!", exception_formatter=exception_formatter)
+    assert 'syntax error at or near "invalid"' in result[0]
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_invalid_column_name(executor, exception_formatter):
+    result = run(
+        executor, "select invalid command", exception_formatter=exception_formatter
+    )
+    assert 'column "invalid" does not exist' in result[0]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(params=[True, False])
+def expanded(request):
+    return request.param
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_unicode_support_in_output(executor, expanded):
+    run(executor, "create table unicodechars(t text)")
+    run(executor, "insert into unicodechars (t) values ('é')")
+
+    # See issue #24, this raises an exception without proper handling
+    assert "é" in run(
+        executor, "select * from unicodechars", join=True, expanded=expanded
+    )
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_not_is_special(executor, pgspecial):
+    """is_special is set to false for database queries."""
+    query = "select 1"
+    result = list(executor.run(query, pgspecial=pgspecial))
+    success, is_special = result[0][5:]
+    assert success == True
+    assert is_special == False
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_execute_from_file_no_arg(executor, pgspecial):
+    r"""\i without a filename returns an error."""
+    result = list(executor.run(r"\i", pgspecial=pgspecial))
+    status, sql, success, is_special = result[0][3:]
+    assert "missing required argument" in status
+    assert success == False
+    assert is_special == True
+
+
+@dbtest
+@patch("pgcli.main.os")
+def test_execute_from_file_io_error(os, executor, pgspecial):
+    r"""\i with an os_error returns an error."""
+    # Inject an OSError.
+    os.path.expanduser.side_effect = OSError("test")
+
+    # Check the result.
+    result = list(executor.run(r"\i test", pgspecial=pgspecial))
+    status, sql, success, is_special = result[0][3:]
+    assert status == "test"
+    assert success == False
+    assert is_special == True
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_execute_from_commented_file_that_executes_another_file(
+    executor, pgspecial, tmpdir
+):
+    # https://github.com/dbcli/pgcli/issues/1336
+    sqlfile1 = tmpdir.join("test01.sql")
+    sqlfile1.write("-- asdf \n\\h")
+    sqlfile2 = tmpdir.join("test00.sql")
+    sqlfile2.write("--An useless comment;\nselect now();\n-- another useless comment")
+
+    rcfile = str(tmpdir.join("rcfile"))
+    print(rcfile)
+    cli = PGCli(pgexecute=executor, pgclirc_file=rcfile)
+    assert cli != None
+    statement = "--comment\n\\h"
+    result = run(executor, statement, pgspecial=cli.pgspecial)
+    assert result != None
+    assert result[0].find("ALTER TABLE")
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_execute_commented_first_line_and_special(executor, pgspecial, tmpdir):
+    # https://github.com/dbcli/pgcli/issues/1362
+
+    # just some base caes that should work also
+    statement = "--comment\nselect now();"
+    result = run(executor, statement, pgspecial=pgspecial)
+    assert result != None
+    assert result[1].find("now") >= 0
+
+    statement = "/*comment*/\nselect now();"
+    result = run(executor, statement, pgspecial=pgspecial)
+    assert result != None
+    assert result[1].find("now") >= 0
+
+    statement = "/*comment\ncomment line2*/\nselect now();"
+    result = run(executor, statement, pgspecial=pgspecial)
+    assert result != None
+    assert result[1].find("now") >= 0
+
+    statement = "--comment\n\\h"
+    result = run(executor, statement, pgspecial=pgspecial)
+    assert result != None
+    assert result[1].find("ALTER") >= 0
+    assert result[1].find("ABORT") >= 0
+
+    statement = "/*comment*/\n\h;"
+    result = run(executor, statement, pgspecial=pgspecial)
+    assert result != None
+    assert result[1].find("ALTER") >= 0
+    assert result[1].find("ABORT") >= 0
+
+    statement = "    /*comment*/\n\h;"
+    result = run(executor, statement, pgspecial=pgspecial)
+    assert result != None
+    assert result[1].find("ALTER") >= 0
+    assert result[1].find("ABORT") >= 0
+
+    statement = "/*comment\ncomment line2*/\n\h;"
+    result = run(executor, statement, pgspecial=pgspecial)
+    assert result != None
+    assert result[1].find("ALTER") >= 0
+    assert result[1].find("ABORT") >= 0
+
+    statement = "          /*comment\ncomment line2*/\n\h;"
+    result = run(executor, statement, pgspecial=pgspecial)
+    assert result != None
+    assert result[1].find("ALTER") >= 0
+    assert result[1].find("ABORT") >= 0
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_multiple_queries_same_line(executor):
+    result = run(executor, "select 'foo'; select 'bar'")
+    assert len(result) == 12  # 2 * (output+status) * 3 lines
+    assert "foo" in result[3]
+    assert "bar" in result[9]
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_multiple_queries_with_special_command_same_line(executor, pgspecial):
+    result = run(executor, r"select 'foo'; \d", pgspecial=pgspecial)
+    assert len(result) == 11  # 2 * (output+status) * 3 lines
+    assert "foo" in result[3]
+    # This is a lame check. :(
+    assert "Schema" in result[7]
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_multiple_queries_same_line_syntaxerror(executor, exception_formatter):
+    result = run(
+        executor,
+        "select 'fooé'; invalid syntax é",
+        exception_formatter=exception_formatter,
+    )
+    assert "fooé" in result[3]
+    assert 'syntax error at or near "invalid"' in result[-1]
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def pgspecial():
+    return PGCli().pgspecial
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_special_command_help(executor, pgspecial):
+    result = run(executor, "\\?", pgspecial=pgspecial)[1].split("|")
+    assert "Command" in result[1]
+    assert "Description" in result[2]
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_bytea_field_support_in_output(executor):
+    run(executor, "create table binarydata(c bytea)")
+    run(executor, "insert into binarydata (c) values (decode('DEADBEEF', 'hex'))")
+
+    assert "\\xdeadbeef" in run(executor, "select * from binarydata", join=True)
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_unicode_support_in_unknown_type(executor):
+    assert "日本語" in run(executor, "SELECT '日本語' AS japanese;", join=True)
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_unicode_support_in_enum_type(executor):
+    run(executor, "CREATE TYPE mood AS ENUM ('sad', 'ok', 'happy', '日本語')")
+    run(executor, "CREATE TABLE person (name TEXT, current_mood mood)")
+    run(executor, "INSERT INTO person VALUES ('Moe', '日本語')")
+    assert "日本語" in run(executor, "SELECT * FROM person", join=True)
+
+
+@requires_json
+def test_json_renders_without_u_prefix(executor, expanded):
+    run(executor, "create table jsontest(d json)")
+    run(executor, """insert into jsontest (d) values ('{"name": "Éowyn"}')""")
+    result = run(
+        executor, "SELECT d FROM jsontest LIMIT 1", join=True, expanded=expanded
+    )
+
+    assert '{"name": "Éowyn"}' in result
+
+
+@requires_jsonb
+def test_jsonb_renders_without_u_prefix(executor, expanded):
+    run(executor, "create table jsonbtest(d jsonb)")
+    run(executor, """insert into jsonbtest (d) values ('{"name": "Éowyn"}')""")
+    result = run(
+        executor, "SELECT d FROM jsonbtest LIMIT 1", join=True, expanded=expanded
+    )
+
+    assert '{"name": "Éowyn"}' in result
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_date_time_types(executor):
+    run(executor, "SET TIME ZONE UTC")
+    assert (
+        run(executor, "SELECT (CAST('00:00:00' AS time))", join=True).split("\n")[3]
+        == "| 00:00:00 |"
+    )
+    assert (
+        run(executor, "SELECT (CAST('00:00:00+14:59' AS timetz))", join=True).split(
+            "\n"
+        )[3]
+        == "| 00:00:00+14:59 |"
+    )
+    assert (
+        run(executor, "SELECT (CAST('4713-01-01 BC' AS date))", join=True).split("\n")[
+            3
+        ]
+        == "| 4713-01-01 BC |"
+    )
+    assert (
+        run(
+            executor, "SELECT (CAST('4713-01-01 00:00:00 BC' AS timestamp))", join=True
+        ).split("\n")[3]
+        == "| 4713-01-01 00:00:00 BC |"
+    )
+    assert (
+        run(
+            executor,
+            "SELECT (CAST('4713-01-01 00:00:00+00 BC' AS timestamptz))",
+            join=True,
+        ).split("\n")[3]
+        == "| 4713-01-01 00:00:00+00 BC |"
+    )
+    assert (
+        run(
+            executor, "SELECT (CAST('-123456789 days 12:23:56' AS interval))", join=True
+        ).split("\n")[3]
+        == "| -123456789 days, 12:23:56 |"
+    )
+
+
+@dbtest
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("value", ["10000000", "10000000.0", "10000000000000"])
+def test_large_numbers_render_directly(executor, value):
+    run(executor, "create table numbertest(a numeric)")
+    run(executor, f"insert into numbertest (a) values ({value})")
+    assert value in run(executor, "select * from numbertest", join=True)
+
+
+@dbtest
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("command", ["di", "dv", "ds", "df", "dT"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("verbose", ["", "+"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("pattern", ["", "x", "*.*", "x.y", "x.*", "*.y"])
+def test_describe_special(executor, command, verbose, pattern, pgspecial):
+    # We don't have any tests for the output of any of the special commands,
+    # but we can at least make sure they run without error
+    sql = r"\{command}{verbose} {pattern}".format(**locals())
+    list(executor.run(sql, pgspecial=pgspecial))
+
+
+@dbtest
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("sql", ["invalid sql", "SELECT 1; select error;"])
+def test_raises_with_no_formatter(executor, sql):
+    with pytest.raises(psycopg.ProgrammingError):
+        list(executor.run(sql))
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_on_error_resume(executor, exception_formatter):
+    sql = "select 1; error; select 1;"
+    result = list(
+        executor.run(sql, on_error_resume=True, exception_formatter=exception_formatter)
+    )
+    assert len(result) == 3
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_on_error_stop(executor, exception_formatter):
+    sql = "select 1; error; select 1;"
+    result = list(
+        executor.run(
+            sql, on_error_resume=False, exception_formatter=exception_formatter
+        )
+    )
+    assert len(result) == 2
+
+
+# @dbtest
+# def test_unicode_notices(executor):
+#     sql = "DO language plpgsql $$ BEGIN RAISE NOTICE '有人更改'; END $$;"
+#     result = list(executor.run(sql))
+#     assert result[0][0] == u'NOTICE:  有人更改\n'
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_nonexistent_function_definition(executor):
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+        result = executor.view_definition("there_is_no_such_function")
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_function_definition(executor):
+    run(
+        executor,
+        """
+            CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION public.the_number_three()
+            RETURNS int
+            LANGUAGE sql
+            AS $function$
+              select 3;
+            $function$
+    """,
+    )
+    result = executor.function_definition("the_number_three")
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_view_definition(executor):
+    run(executor, "create table tbl1 (a text, b numeric)")
+    run(executor, "create view vw1 AS SELECT * FROM tbl1")
+    run(executor, "create materialized view mvw1 AS SELECT * FROM tbl1")
+    result = executor.view_definition("vw1")
+    assert "FROM tbl1" in result
+    # import pytest; pytest.set_trace()
+    result = executor.view_definition("mvw1")
+    assert "MATERIALIZED VIEW" in result
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_nonexistent_view_definition(executor):
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+        result = executor.view_definition("there_is_no_such_view")
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+        result = executor.view_definition("mvw1")
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_short_host(executor):
+    with patch.object(executor, "host", "localhost"):
+        assert executor.short_host == "localhost"
+    with patch.object(executor, "host", "localhost.example.org"):
+        assert executor.short_host == "localhost"
+    with patch.object(
+        executor, "host", "localhost1.example.org,localhost2.example.org"
+    ):
+        assert executor.short_host == "localhost1"
+
+
+class VirtualCursor:
+    """Mock a cursor to virtual database like pgbouncer."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.protocol_error = False
+        self.protocol_message = ""
+        self.description = None
+        self.status = None
+        self.statusmessage = "Error"
+
+    def execute(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.protocol_error = True
+        self.protocol_message = "Command not supported"
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_exit_without_active_connection(executor):
+    quit_handler = MagicMock()
+    pgspecial = PGSpecial()
+    pgspecial.register(
+        quit_handler,
+        "\\q",
+        "\\q",
+        "Quit pgcli.",
+        arg_type=NO_QUERY,
+        case_sensitive=True,
+        aliases=(":q",),
+    )
+
+    with patch.object(
+        executor.conn, "cursor", side_effect=psycopg.InterfaceError("I'm broken!")
+    ):
+        # we should be able to quit the app, even without active connection
+        run(executor, "\\q", pgspecial=pgspecial)
+        quit_handler.assert_called_once()
+
+        # an exception should be raised when running a query without active connection
+        with pytest.raises(psycopg.InterfaceError):
+            run(executor, "select 1", pgspecial=pgspecial)
+
+
+@dbtest
+def test_virtual_database(executor):
+    virtual_connection = MagicMock()
+    virtual_connection.cursor.return_value = VirtualCursor()
+    with patch.object(executor, "conn", virtual_connection):
+        result = run(executor, "select 1")
+        assert "Command not supported" in result
diff --git a/tests/test_pgspecial.py b/tests/test_pgspecial.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd99e32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_pgspecial.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import pytest
+from pgcli.packages.sqlcompletion import (
+    suggest_type,
+    Special,
+    Database,
+    Schema,
+    Table,
+    View,
+    Function,
+    Datatype,
+)
+
+
+def test_slash_suggests_special():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("\\", "\\")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Special()}
+
+
+def test_slash_d_suggests_special():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("\\d", "\\d")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Special()}
+
+
+def test_dn_suggests_schemata():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("\\dn ", "\\dn ")
+    assert suggestions == (Schema(),)
+
+    suggestions = suggest_type("\\dn xxx", "\\dn xxx")
+    assert suggestions == (Schema(),)
+
+
+def test_d_suggests_tables_views_and_schemas():
+    suggestions = suggest_type(r"\d ", r"\d ")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Schema(), Table(schema=None), View(schema=None)}
+
+    suggestions = suggest_type(r"\d xxx", r"\d xxx")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Schema(), Table(schema=None), View(schema=None)}
+
+
+def test_d_dot_suggests_schema_qualified_tables_or_views():
+    suggestions = suggest_type(r"\d myschema.", r"\d myschema.")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Table(schema="myschema"), View(schema="myschema")}
+
+    suggestions = suggest_type(r"\d myschema.xxx", r"\d myschema.xxx")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Table(schema="myschema"), View(schema="myschema")}
+
+
+def test_df_suggests_schema_or_function():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("\\df xxx", "\\df xxx")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Function(schema=None, usage="special"), Schema()}
+
+    suggestions = suggest_type("\\df myschema.xxx", "\\df myschema.xxx")
+    assert suggestions == (Function(schema="myschema", usage="special"),)
+
+
+def test_leading_whitespace_ok():
+    cmd = "\\dn "
+    whitespace = "   "
+    suggestions = suggest_type(whitespace + cmd, whitespace + cmd)
+    assert suggestions == suggest_type(cmd, cmd)
+
+
+def test_dT_suggests_schema_or_datatypes():
+    text = "\\dT "
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Schema(), Datatype(schema=None)}
+
+
+def test_schema_qualified_dT_suggests_datatypes():
+    text = "\\dT foo."
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text)
+    assert suggestions == (Datatype(schema="foo"),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("command", ["\\c ", "\\connect "])
+def test_c_suggests_databases(command):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(command, command)
+    assert suggestions == (Database(),)
diff --git a/tests/test_prioritization.py b/tests/test_prioritization.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5b6700
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_prioritization.py
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from pgcli.packages.prioritization import PrevalenceCounter
+
+
+def test_prevalence_counter():
+    counter = PrevalenceCounter()
+    sql = """SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar GROUP BY baz;
+             select * from foo;
+             SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar GROUP
+             BY baz"""
+    counter.update(sql)
+
+    keywords = ["SELECT", "FROM", "GROUP BY"]
+    expected = [3, 3, 2]
+    kw_counts = [counter.keyword_count(x) for x in keywords]
+    assert kw_counts == expected
+    assert counter.keyword_count("NOSUCHKEYWORD") == 0
+
+    names = ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
+    name_counts = [counter.name_count(x) for x in names]
+    assert name_counts == [3, 2, 2]
diff --git a/tests/test_prompt_utils.py b/tests/test_prompt_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8a3a1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_prompt_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import click
+
+from pgcli.packages.prompt_utils import confirm_destructive_query
+
+
+def test_confirm_destructive_query_notty():
+    stdin = click.get_text_stream("stdin")
+    if not stdin.isatty():
+        sql = "drop database foo;"
+        assert confirm_destructive_query(sql, "all") is None
diff --git a/tests/test_rowlimit.py b/tests/test_rowlimit.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da916b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_rowlimit.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import pytest
+from unittest.mock import Mock
+
+from pgcli.main import PGCli
+
+
+# We need this fixtures because we need PGCli object to be created
+# after test collection so it has config loaded from temp directory
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def default_pgcli_obj():
+    return PGCli()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def DEFAULT(default_pgcli_obj):
+    return default_pgcli_obj.row_limit
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def LIMIT(DEFAULT):
+    return DEFAULT + 1000
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def over_default(DEFAULT):
+    over_default_cursor = Mock()
+    over_default_cursor.configure_mock(rowcount=DEFAULT + 10)
+    return over_default_cursor
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def over_limit(LIMIT):
+    over_limit_cursor = Mock()
+    over_limit_cursor.configure_mock(rowcount=LIMIT + 10)
+    return over_limit_cursor
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def low_count():
+    low_count_cursor = Mock()
+    low_count_cursor.configure_mock(rowcount=1)
+    return low_count_cursor
+
+
+def test_row_limit_with_LIMIT_clause(LIMIT, over_limit):
+    cli = PGCli(row_limit=LIMIT)
+    stmt = "SELECT * FROM students LIMIT 1000"
+
+    result = cli._should_limit_output(stmt, over_limit)
+    assert result is False
+
+    cli = PGCli(row_limit=0)
+    result = cli._should_limit_output(stmt, over_limit)
+    assert result is False
+
+
+def test_row_limit_without_LIMIT_clause(LIMIT, over_limit):
+    cli = PGCli(row_limit=LIMIT)
+    stmt = "SELECT * FROM students"
+
+    result = cli._should_limit_output(stmt, over_limit)
+    assert result is True
+
+    cli = PGCli(row_limit=0)
+    result = cli._should_limit_output(stmt, over_limit)
+    assert result is False
+
+
+def test_row_limit_on_non_select(over_limit):
+    cli = PGCli()
+    stmt = "UPDATE students SET name='Boby'"
+    result = cli._should_limit_output(stmt, over_limit)
+    assert result is False
+
+    cli = PGCli(row_limit=0)
+    result = cli._should_limit_output(stmt, over_limit)
+    assert result is False
diff --git a/tests/test_smart_completion_multiple_schemata.py b/tests/test_smart_completion_multiple_schemata.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c9c9af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_smart_completion_multiple_schemata.py
@@ -0,0 +1,757 @@
+import itertools
+from metadata import (
+    MetaData,
+    alias,
+    name_join,
+    fk_join,
+    join,
+    schema,
+    table,
+    function,
+    wildcard_expansion,
+    column,
+    get_result,
+    result_set,
+    qual,
+    no_qual,
+    parametrize,
+)
+from utils import completions_to_set
+
+metadata = {
+    "tables": {
+        "public": {
+            "users": ["id", "email", "first_name", "last_name"],
+            "orders": ["id", "ordered_date", "status", "datestamp"],
+            "select": ["id", "localtime", "ABC"],
+        },
+        "custom": {
+            "users": ["id", "phone_number"],
+            "Users": ["userid", "username"],
+            "products": ["id", "product_name", "price"],
+            "shipments": ["id", "address", "user_id"],
+        },
+        "Custom": {"projects": ["projectid", "name"]},
+        "blog": {
+            "entries": ["entryid", "entrytitle", "entrytext"],
+            "tags": ["tagid", "name"],
+            "entrytags": ["entryid", "tagid"],
+            "entacclog": ["entryid", "username", "datestamp"],
+        },
+    },
+    "functions": {
+        "public": [
+            ["func1", [], [], [], "", False, False, False, False],
+            ["func2", [], [], [], "", False, False, False, False],
+        ],
+        "custom": [
+            ["func3", [], [], [], "", False, False, False, False],
+            [
+                "set_returning_func",
+                ["x"],
+                ["integer"],
+                ["o"],
+                "integer",
+                False,
+                False,
+                True,
+                False,
+            ],
+        ],
+        "Custom": [["func4", [], [], [], "", False, False, False, False]],
+        "blog": [
+            [
+                "extract_entry_symbols",
+                ["_entryid", "symbol"],
+                ["integer", "text"],
+                ["i", "o"],
+                "",
+                False,
+                False,
+                True,
+                False,
+            ],
+            [
+                "enter_entry",
+                ["_title", "_text", "entryid"],
+                ["text", "text", "integer"],
+                ["i", "i", "o"],
+                "",
+                False,
+                False,
+                False,
+                False,
+            ],
+        ],
+    },
+    "datatypes": {"public": ["typ1", "typ2"], "custom": ["typ3", "typ4"]},
+    "foreignkeys": {
+        "custom": [("public", "users", "id", "custom", "shipments", "user_id")],
+        "blog": [
+            ("blog", "entries", "entryid", "blog", "entacclog", "entryid"),
+            ("blog", "entries", "entryid", "blog", "entrytags", "entryid"),
+            ("blog", "tags", "tagid", "blog", "entrytags", "tagid"),
+        ],
+    },
+    "defaults": {
+        "public": {
+            ("orders", "id"): "nextval('orders_id_seq'::regclass)",
+            ("orders", "datestamp"): "now()",
+            ("orders", "status"): "'PENDING'::text",
+        }
+    },
+}
+
+testdata = MetaData(metadata)
+cased_schemas = [schema(x) for x in ("public", "blog", "CUSTOM", '"Custom"')]
+casing = (
+    "SELECT",
+    "Orders",
+    "User_Emails",
+    "CUSTOM",
+    "Func1",
+    "Entries",
+    "Tags",
+    "EntryTags",
+    "EntAccLog",
+    "EntryID",
+    "EntryTitle",
+    "EntryText",
+)
+completers = testdata.get_completers(casing)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+@parametrize("table", ["users", '"users"'])
+def test_suggested_column_names_from_shadowed_visible_table(completer, table):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT  FROM " + table, len("SELECT "))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns_functions_and_keywords("users")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT  from custom.users",
+        "WITH users as (SELECT 1 AS foo) SELECT  from custom.users",
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_column_names_from_qualified_shadowed_table(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position=text.find("  ") + 1)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns_functions_and_keywords("users", "custom")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+@parametrize("text", ["WITH users as (SELECT 1 AS foo) SELECT  from users"])
+def test_suggested_column_names_from_cte(completer, text):
+    result = completions_to_set(get_result(completer, text, text.find("  ") + 1))
+    assert result == completions_to_set(
+        [column("foo")] + testdata.functions_and_keywords()
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM users JOIN custom.shipments ON ",
+        """SELECT *
+    FROM public.users
+    JOIN custom.shipments ON """,
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_join_conditions(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            alias("users"),
+            alias("shipments"),
+            name_join("shipments.id = users.id"),
+            fk_join("shipments.user_id = users.id"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    ("query", "tbl"),
+    itertools.product(
+        (
+            "SELECT * FROM public.{0} RIGHT OUTER JOIN ",
+            """SELECT *
+    FROM {0}
+    JOIN """,
+        ),
+        ("users", '"users"', "Users"),
+    ),
+)
+def test_suggested_joins(completer, query, tbl):
+    result = get_result(completer, query.format(tbl))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas_and_from_clause_items()
+        + [join(f"custom.shipments ON shipments.user_id = {tbl}.id")]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_suggested_column_names_from_schema_qualifed_table(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT  from custom.products", len("SELECT "))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns_functions_and_keywords("products", "custom")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "INSERT INTO orders(",
+        "INSERT INTO orders (",
+        "INSERT INTO public.orders(",
+        "INSERT INTO public.orders (",
+    ],
+)
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+def test_suggested_columns_with_insert(completer, text):
+    assert completions_to_set(get_result(completer, text)) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns("orders")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_suggested_column_names_in_function(completer):
+    result = get_result(
+        completer, "SELECT MAX( from custom.products", len("SELECT MAX(")
+    )
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns_functions_and_keywords("products", "custom")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    ["SELECT * FROM Custom.", "SELECT * FROM custom.", 'SELECT * FROM "custom".'],
+)
+@parametrize("use_leading_double_quote", [False, True])
+def test_suggested_table_names_with_schema_dot(
+    completer, text, use_leading_double_quote
+):
+    if use_leading_double_quote:
+        text += '"'
+        start_position = -1
+    else:
+        start_position = 0
+
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.from_clause_items("custom", start_position)
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize("text", ['SELECT * FROM "Custom".'])
+@parametrize("use_leading_double_quote", [False, True])
+def test_suggested_table_names_with_schema_dot2(
+    completer, text, use_leading_double_quote
+):
+    if use_leading_double_quote:
+        text += '"'
+        start_position = -1
+    else:
+        start_position = 0
+
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.from_clause_items("Custom", start_position)
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+def test_suggested_column_names_with_qualified_alias(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT p. from custom.products p", len("SELECT p."))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns("products", "custom")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_suggested_multiple_column_names(completer):
+    result = get_result(
+        completer, "SELECT id,  from custom.products", len("SELECT id, ")
+    )
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns_functions_and_keywords("products", "custom")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+def test_suggested_multiple_column_names_with_alias(completer):
+    result = get_result(
+        completer, "SELECT p.id, p. from custom.products p", len("SELECT u.id, u.")
+    )
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns("products", "custom")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT x.id, y.product_name FROM custom.products x JOIN custom.products y ON ",
+        "SELECT x.id, y.product_name FROM custom.products x JOIN custom.products y ON JOIN public.orders z ON z.id > y.id",
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggestions_after_on(completer, text):
+    position = len(
+        "SELECT x.id, y.product_name FROM custom.products x JOIN custom.products y ON "
+    )
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            alias("x"),
+            alias("y"),
+            name_join("y.price = x.price"),
+            name_join("y.product_name = x.product_name"),
+            name_join("y.id = x.id"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_suggested_aliases_after_on_right_side(completer):
+    text = "SELECT x.id, y.product_name FROM custom.products x JOIN custom.products y ON x.id = "
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set([alias("x"), alias("y")])
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, aliasing=False))
+def test_table_names_after_from(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM "
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas_and_from_clause_items()
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+def test_schema_qualified_function_name(completer):
+    text = "SELECT custom.func"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            function("func3()", -len("func")),
+            function("set_returning_func()", -len("func")),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, aliasing=False))
+def test_schema_qualified_function_name_after_from(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM custom.set_r"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            function("set_returning_func()", -len("func")),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, aliasing=False))
+def test_unqualified_function_name_not_returned(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM set_r"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set([])
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, aliasing=False))
+def test_unqualified_function_name_in_search_path(completer):
+    completer.search_path = ["public", "custom"]
+    text = "SELECT * FROM set_r"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            function("set_returning_func()", -len("func")),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT 1::custom.",
+        "CREATE TABLE foo (bar custom.",
+        "CREATE FUNCTION foo (bar INT, baz custom.",
+        "ALTER TABLE foo ALTER COLUMN bar TYPE custom.",
+    ],
+)
+def test_schema_qualified_type_name(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(testdata.types("custom"))
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+def test_suggest_columns_from_aliased_set_returning_function(completer):
+    result = get_result(
+        completer, "select f. from custom.set_returning_func() f", len("select f.")
+    )
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns("set_returning_func", "custom", "functions")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM custom.set_returning_func()",
+        "SELECT * FROM Custom.set_returning_func()",
+        "SELECT * FROM Custom.Set_Returning_Func()",
+    ],
+)
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion_with_function(completer, text):
+    position = len("SELECT *")
+
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    col_list = "x"
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion(col_list)]
+
+    assert expected == completions
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion_with_alias_qualifier(completer):
+    text = "SELECT p.* FROM custom.products p"
+    position = len("SELECT p.*")
+
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    col_list = "id, p.product_name, p.price"
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion(col_list)]
+
+    assert expected == completions
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        """
+    SELECT count(1) FROM users;
+    CREATE FUNCTION foo(custom.products _products) returns custom.shipments
+    LANGUAGE SQL
+    AS $foo$
+    SELECT 1 FROM custom.shipments;
+    INSERT INTO public.orders(*) values(-1, now(), 'preliminary');
+    SELECT 2 FROM custom.users;
+    $foo$;
+    SELECT count(1) FROM custom.shipments;
+    """,
+        "INSERT INTO public.orders(*",
+        "INSERT INTO public.Orders(*",
+        "INSERT INTO public.orders (*",
+        "INSERT INTO public.Orders (*",
+        "INSERT INTO orders(*",
+        "INSERT INTO Orders(*",
+        "INSERT INTO orders (*",
+        "INSERT INTO Orders (*",
+        "INSERT INTO public.orders(*)",
+        "INSERT INTO public.Orders(*)",
+        "INSERT INTO public.orders (*)",
+        "INSERT INTO public.Orders (*)",
+        "INSERT INTO orders(*)",
+        "INSERT INTO Orders(*)",
+        "INSERT INTO orders (*)",
+        "INSERT INTO Orders (*)",
+    ],
+)
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion_with_insert(completer, text):
+    position = text.index("*") + 1
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion("ordered_date, status")]
+    assert expected == completions
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion_with_table_qualifier(completer):
+    text = 'SELECT "select".* FROM public."select"'
+    position = len('SELECT "select".*')
+
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    col_list = 'id, "select"."localtime", "select"."ABC"'
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion(col_list)]
+
+    assert expected == completions
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, qualify=qual))
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion_with_two_tables(completer):
+    text = 'SELECT * FROM public."select" JOIN custom.users ON true'
+    position = len("SELECT *")
+
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    cols = (
+        '"select".id, "select"."localtime", "select"."ABC", '
+        "users.id, users.phone_number"
+    )
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion(cols)]
+    assert completions == expected
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion_with_two_tables_and_parent(completer):
+    text = 'SELECT "select".* FROM public."select" JOIN custom.users u ON true'
+    position = len('SELECT "select".*')
+
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    col_list = 'id, "select"."localtime", "select"."ABC"'
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion(col_list)]
+
+    assert expected == completions
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT U. FROM custom.Users U",
+        "SELECT U. FROM custom.USERS U",
+        "SELECT U. FROM custom.users U",
+        'SELECT U. FROM "custom".Users U',
+        'SELECT U. FROM "custom".USERS U',
+        'SELECT U. FROM "custom".users U',
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggest_columns_from_unquoted_table(completer, text):
+    position = len("SELECT U.")
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns("users", "custom")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text", ['SELECT U. FROM custom."Users" U', 'SELECT U. FROM "custom"."Users" U']
+)
+def test_suggest_columns_from_quoted_table(completer, text):
+    position = len("SELECT U.")
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns("Users", "custom")
+    )
+
+
+texts = ["SELECT * FROM ", "SELECT * FROM public.Orders O CROSS JOIN "]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=False, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize("text", texts)
+def test_schema_or_visible_table_completion(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas_and_from_clause_items()
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=True, casing=False, filtr=True))
+@parametrize("text", texts)
+def test_table_aliases(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas()
+        + [
+            table("users u"),
+            table("orders o" if text == "SELECT * FROM " else "orders o2"),
+            table('"select" s'),
+            function("func1() f"),
+            function("func2() f"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=True, casing=True, filtr=True))
+@parametrize("text", texts)
+def test_aliases_with_casing(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        cased_schemas
+        + [
+            table("users u"),
+            table("Orders O" if text == "SELECT * FROM " else "Orders O2"),
+            table('"select" s'),
+            function("Func1() F"),
+            function("func2() f"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=False, casing=True, filtr=True))
+@parametrize("text", texts)
+def test_table_casing(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        cased_schemas
+        + [
+            table("users"),
+            table("Orders"),
+            table('"select"'),
+            function("Func1()"),
+            function("func2()"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=False, casing=True))
+def test_alias_search_without_aliases2(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM blog.et"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert result[0] == table("EntryTags", -2)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=False, casing=True))
+def test_alias_search_without_aliases1(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM blog.e"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert result[0] == table("Entries", -1)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=True, casing=True))
+def test_alias_search_with_aliases2(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM blog.et"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert result[0] == table("EntryTags ET", -2)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=True, casing=True))
+def test_alias_search_with_aliases1(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM blog.e"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert result[0] == table("Entries E", -1)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=True, casing=True))
+def test_join_alias_search_with_aliases1(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM blog.Entries E JOIN blog.e"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert result[:2] == [
+        table("Entries E2", -1),
+        join("EntAccLog EAL ON EAL.EntryID = E.EntryID", -1),
+    ]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=False, casing=True))
+def test_join_alias_search_without_aliases1(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM blog.Entries JOIN blog.e"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert result[:2] == [
+        table("Entries", -1),
+        join("EntAccLog ON EntAccLog.EntryID = Entries.EntryID", -1),
+    ]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=True, casing=True))
+def test_join_alias_search_with_aliases2(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM blog.Entries E JOIN blog.et"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert result[0] == join("EntryTags ET ON ET.EntryID = E.EntryID", -2)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=False, casing=True))
+def test_join_alias_search_without_aliases2(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM blog.Entries JOIN blog.et"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert result[0] == join("EntryTags ON EntryTags.EntryID = Entries.EntryID", -2)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_function_alias_search_without_aliases(completer):
+    text = "SELECT blog.ees"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    first = result[0]
+    assert first.start_position == -3
+    assert first.text == "extract_entry_symbols()"
+    assert first.display_text == "extract_entry_symbols(_entryid)"
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_function_alias_search_with_aliases(completer):
+    text = "SELECT blog.ee"
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    first = result[0]
+    assert first.start_position == -2
+    assert first.text == "enter_entry(_title := , _text := )"
+    assert first.display_text == "enter_entry(_title, _text)"
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=True, casing=True, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_column_alias_search(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT et FROM blog.Entries E", len("SELECT et"))
+    cols = ("EntryText", "EntryTitle", "EntryID")
+    assert result[:3] == [column(c, -2) for c in cols]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True))
+def test_column_alias_search_qualified(completer):
+    result = get_result(
+        completer, "SELECT E.ei FROM blog.Entries E", len("SELECT E.ei")
+    )
+    cols = ("EntryID", "EntryTitle")
+    assert result[:3] == [column(c, -2) for c in cols]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, filtr=False, aliasing=False))
+def test_schema_object_order(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT * FROM u")
+    assert result[:3] == [
+        table(t, pos=-1) for t in ("users", 'custom."Users"', "custom.users")
+    ]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, filtr=False, aliasing=False))
+def test_all_schema_objects(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM "
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) >= completions_to_set(
+        [table(x) for x in ("orders", '"select"', "custom.shipments")]
+        + [function(x + "()") for x in ("func2",)]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(filtr=False, aliasing=False, casing=True))
+def test_all_schema_objects_with_casing(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM "
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) >= completions_to_set(
+        [table(x) for x in ("Orders", '"select"', "CUSTOM.shipments")]
+        + [function(x + "()") for x in ("func2",)]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, filtr=False, aliasing=True))
+def test_all_schema_objects_with_aliases(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM "
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) >= completions_to_set(
+        [table(x) for x in ("orders o", '"select" s', "custom.shipments s")]
+        + [function(x) for x in ("func2() f",)]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, filtr=False, aliasing=True))
+def test_set_schema(completer):
+    text = "SET SCHEMA "
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [schema("'blog'"), schema("'Custom'"), schema("'custom'"), schema("'public'")]
+    )
diff --git a/tests/test_smart_completion_public_schema_only.py b/tests/test_smart_completion_public_schema_only.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db1fe0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_smart_completion_public_schema_only.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1112 @@
+from metadata import (
+    MetaData,
+    alias,
+    name_join,
+    fk_join,
+    join,
+    keyword,
+    schema,
+    table,
+    view,
+    function,
+    column,
+    wildcard_expansion,
+    get_result,
+    result_set,
+    qual,
+    no_qual,
+    parametrize,
+)
+from prompt_toolkit.completion import Completion
+from utils import completions_to_set
+
+
+metadata = {
+    "tables": {
+        "users": ["id", "parentid", "email", "first_name", "last_name"],
+        "Users": ["userid", "username"],
+        "orders": ["id", "ordered_date", "status", "email"],
+        "select": ["id", "insert", "ABC"],
+    },
+    "views": {"user_emails": ["id", "email"], "functions": ["function"]},
+    "functions": [
+        ["custom_fun", [], [], [], "", False, False, False, False],
+        ["_custom_fun", [], [], [], "", False, False, False, False],
+        ["custom_func1", [], [], [], "", False, False, False, False],
+        ["custom_func2", [], [], [], "", False, False, False, False],
+        [
+            "set_returning_func",
+            ["x", "y"],
+            ["integer", "integer"],
+            ["b", "b"],
+            "",
+            False,
+            False,
+            True,
+            False,
+        ],
+    ],
+    "datatypes": ["custom_type1", "custom_type2"],
+    "foreignkeys": [
+        ("public", "users", "id", "public", "users", "parentid"),
+        ("public", "users", "id", "public", "Users", "userid"),
+    ],
+}
+
+metadata = {k: {"public": v} for k, v in metadata.items()}
+
+testdata = MetaData(metadata)
+
+cased_users_col_names = ["ID", "PARENTID", "Email", "First_Name", "last_name"]
+cased_users2_col_names = ["UserID", "UserName"]
+cased_func_names = [
+    "Custom_Fun",
+    "_custom_fun",
+    "Custom_Func1",
+    "custom_func2",
+    "set_returning_func",
+]
+cased_tbls = ["Users", "Orders"]
+cased_views = ["User_Emails", "Functions"]
+casing = (
+    ["SELECT", "PUBLIC"]
+    + cased_func_names
+    + cased_tbls
+    + cased_views
+    + cased_users_col_names
+    + cased_users2_col_names
+)
+# Lists for use in assertions
+cased_funcs = [
+    function(f)
+    for f in ("Custom_Fun()", "_custom_fun()", "Custom_Func1()", "custom_func2()")
+] + [function("set_returning_func(x := , y := )", display="set_returning_func(x, y)")]
+cased_tbls = [table(t) for t in (cased_tbls + ['"Users"', '"select"'])]
+cased_rels = [view(t) for t in cased_views] + cased_funcs + cased_tbls
+cased_users_cols = [column(c) for c in cased_users_col_names]
+aliased_rels = (
+    [table(t) for t in ("users u", '"Users" U', "orders o", '"select" s')]
+    + [view("user_emails ue"), view("functions f")]
+    + [
+        function(f)
+        for f in (
+            "_custom_fun() cf",
+            "custom_fun() cf",
+            "custom_func1() cf",
+            "custom_func2() cf",
+        )
+    ]
+    + [
+        function(
+            "set_returning_func(x := , y := ) srf",
+            display="set_returning_func(x, y) srf",
+        )
+    ]
+)
+cased_aliased_rels = (
+    [table(t) for t in ("Users U", '"Users" U', "Orders O", '"select" s')]
+    + [view("User_Emails UE"), view("Functions F")]
+    + [
+        function(f)
+        for f in (
+            "_custom_fun() cf",
+            "Custom_Fun() CF",
+            "Custom_Func1() CF",
+            "custom_func2() cf",
+        )
+    ]
+    + [
+        function(
+            "set_returning_func(x := , y := ) srf",
+            display="set_returning_func(x, y) srf",
+        )
+    ]
+)
+completers = testdata.get_completers(casing)
+
+
+# Just to make sure that this doesn't crash
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_function_column_name(completer):
+    for l in range(
+        len("SELECT * FROM Functions WHERE function:"),
+        len("SELECT * FROM Functions WHERE function:text") + 1,
+    ):
+        assert [] == get_result(
+            completer, "SELECT * FROM Functions WHERE function:text"[:l]
+        )
+
+
+@parametrize("action", ["ALTER", "DROP", "CREATE", "CREATE OR REPLACE"])
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_drop_alter_function(completer, action):
+    assert get_result(completer, action + " FUNCTION set_ret") == [
+        function("set_returning_func(x integer, y integer)", -len("set_ret"))
+    ]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_empty_string_completion(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "")
+    assert completions_to_set(
+        testdata.keywords() + testdata.specials()
+    ) == completions_to_set(result)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_select_keyword_completion(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SEL")
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set([keyword("SELECT", -3)])
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_builtin_function_name_completion(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT MA")
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            function("MAKE_DATE", -2),
+            function("MAKE_INTERVAL", -2),
+            function("MAKE_TIME", -2),
+            function("MAKE_TIMESTAMP", -2),
+            function("MAKE_TIMESTAMPTZ", -2),
+            function("MASKLEN", -2),
+            function("MAX", -2),
+            keyword("MAXEXTENTS", -2),
+            keyword("MATERIALIZED VIEW", -2),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_builtin_function_matches_only_at_start(completer):
+    text = "SELECT IN"
+
+    result = [c.text for c in get_result(completer, text)]
+
+    assert "MIN" not in result
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+def test_user_function_name_completion(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT cu")
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            function("custom_fun()", -2),
+            function("_custom_fun()", -2),
+            function("custom_func1()", -2),
+            function("custom_func2()", -2),
+            function("CURRENT_DATE", -2),
+            function("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP", -2),
+            function("CUME_DIST", -2),
+            function("CURRENT_TIME", -2),
+            keyword("CURRENT", -2),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+def test_user_function_name_completion_matches_anywhere(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT om")
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            function("custom_fun()", -2),
+            function("_custom_fun()", -2),
+            function("custom_func1()", -2),
+            function("custom_func2()", -2),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True))
+def test_list_functions_for_special(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, r"\df ")
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [schema("PUBLIC")] + [function(f) for f in cased_func_names]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_suggested_column_names_from_visible_table(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT  from users", len("SELECT "))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns_functions_and_keywords("users")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_suggested_cased_column_names(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT  from users", len("SELECT "))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        cased_funcs
+        + cased_users_cols
+        + testdata.builtin_functions()
+        + testdata.keywords()
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+@parametrize("text", ["SELECT  from users", "INSERT INTO Orders SELECT  from users"])
+def test_suggested_auto_qualified_column_names(text, completer):
+    position = text.index("  ") + 1
+    cols = [column(c.lower()) for c in cased_users_col_names]
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        cols + testdata.functions_and_keywords()
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=qual))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        'SELECT  from users U NATURAL JOIN "Users"',
+        'INSERT INTO Orders SELECT  from users U NATURAL JOIN "Users"',
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_auto_qualified_column_names_two_tables(text, completer):
+    position = text.index("  ") + 1
+    cols = [column("U." + c.lower()) for c in cased_users_col_names]
+    cols += [column('"Users".' + c.lower()) for c in cased_users2_col_names]
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        cols + testdata.functions_and_keywords()
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True, qualify=["always"]))
+@parametrize("text", ["UPDATE users SET ", "INSERT INTO users("])
+def test_no_column_qualification(text, completer):
+    cols = [column(c) for c in cased_users_col_names]
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(cols)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True, qualify=["always"]))
+def test_suggested_cased_always_qualified_column_names(completer):
+    text = "SELECT  from users"
+    position = len("SELECT ")
+    cols = [column("users." + c) for c in cased_users_col_names]
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        cased_funcs + cols + testdata.builtin_functions() + testdata.keywords()
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_suggested_column_names_in_function(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT MAX( from users", len("SELECT MAX("))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns_functions_and_keywords("users")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_suggested_column_names_with_table_dot(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT users. from users", len("SELECT users."))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(testdata.columns("users"))
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_suggested_column_names_with_alias(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT u. from users u", len("SELECT u."))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(testdata.columns("users"))
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_suggested_multiple_column_names(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "SELECT id,  from users u", len("SELECT id, "))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns_functions_and_keywords("users")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_suggested_multiple_column_names_with_alias(completer):
+    result = get_result(
+        completer, "SELECT u.id, u. from users u", len("SELECT u.id, u.")
+    )
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(testdata.columns("users"))
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True))
+def test_suggested_cased_column_names_with_alias(completer):
+    result = get_result(
+        completer, "SELECT u.id, u. from users u", len("SELECT u.id, u.")
+    )
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(cased_users_cols)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_suggested_multiple_column_names_with_dot(completer):
+    result = get_result(
+        completer,
+        "SELECT users.id, users. from users u",
+        len("SELECT users.id, users."),
+    )
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(testdata.columns("users"))
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_suggest_columns_after_three_way_join(completer):
+    text = """SELECT * FROM users u1
+              INNER JOIN users u2 ON u1.id = u2.id
+              INNER JOIN users u3 ON u2.id = u3."""
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert column("id") in result
+
+
+join_condition_texts = [
+    'INSERT INTO orders SELECT * FROM users U JOIN "Users" U2 ON ',
+    """INSERT INTO public.orders(orderid)
+    SELECT * FROM users U JOIN "Users" U2 ON """,
+    'SELECT * FROM users U JOIN "Users" U2 ON ',
+    'SELECT * FROM users U INNER join "Users" U2 ON ',
+    'SELECT * FROM USERS U right JOIN "Users" U2 ON ',
+    'SELECT * FROM users U LEFT JOIN "Users" U2 ON ',
+    'SELECT * FROM Users U FULL JOIN "Users" U2 ON ',
+    'SELECT * FROM users U right outer join "Users" U2 ON ',
+    'SELECT * FROM Users U LEFT OUTER JOIN "Users" U2 ON ',
+    'SELECT * FROM users U FULL OUTER JOIN "Users" U2 ON ',
+    """SELECT *
+    FROM users U
+    FULL OUTER JOIN "Users" U2 ON
+    """,
+]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize("text", join_condition_texts)
+def test_suggested_join_conditions(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [alias("U"), alias("U2"), fk_join("U2.userid = U.id")]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True))
+@parametrize("text", join_condition_texts)
+def test_cased_join_conditions(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [alias("U"), alias("U2"), fk_join("U2.UserID = U.ID")]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        """SELECT *
+    FROM users
+    CROSS JOIN "Users"
+    NATURAL JOIN users u
+    JOIN "Users" u2 ON
+    """
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_join_conditions_with_same_table_twice(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert result == [
+        fk_join("u2.userid = u.id"),
+        fk_join("u2.userid = users.id"),
+        name_join('u2.userid = "Users".userid'),
+        name_join('u2.username = "Users".username'),
+        alias("u"),
+        alias("u2"),
+        alias("users"),
+        alias('"Users"'),
+    ]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+@parametrize("text", ["SELECT * FROM users JOIN users u2 on foo."])
+def test_suggested_join_conditions_with_invalid_qualifier(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert result == []
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    ("text", "ref"),
+    [
+        ("SELECT * FROM users JOIN NonTable on ", "NonTable"),
+        ("SELECT * FROM users JOIN nontable nt on ", "nt"),
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_join_conditions_with_invalid_table(completer, text, ref):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [alias("users"), alias(ref)]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        'SELECT * FROM "Users" u JOIN u',
+        'SELECT * FROM "Users" u JOIN uid',
+        'SELECT * FROM "Users" u JOIN userid',
+        'SELECT * FROM "Users" u JOIN id',
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_joins_fuzzy(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    last_word = text.split()[-1]
+    expected = join("users ON users.id = u.userid", -len(last_word))
+    assert expected in result
+
+
+join_texts = [
+    "SELECT * FROM Users JOIN ",
+    """INSERT INTO "Users"
+    SELECT *
+    FROM Users
+    INNER JOIN """,
+    """INSERT INTO public."Users"(username)
+    SELECT *
+    FROM Users
+    INNER JOIN """,
+    """SELECT *
+    FROM Users
+    INNER JOIN """,
+]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize("text", join_texts)
+def test_suggested_joins(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas_and_from_clause_items()
+        + [
+            join('"Users" ON "Users".userid = Users.id'),
+            join("users users2 ON users2.id = Users.parentid"),
+            join("users users2 ON users2.parentid = Users.id"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize("text", join_texts)
+def test_cased_joins(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [schema("PUBLIC")]
+        + cased_rels
+        + [
+            join('"Users" ON "Users".UserID = Users.ID'),
+            join("Users Users2 ON Users2.ID = Users.PARENTID"),
+            join("Users Users2 ON Users2.PARENTID = Users.ID"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=True))
+@parametrize("text", join_texts)
+def test_aliased_joins(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas()
+        + aliased_rels
+        + [
+            join('"Users" U ON U.userid = Users.id'),
+            join("users u ON u.id = Users.parentid"),
+            join("users u ON u.parentid = Users.id"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        'SELECT * FROM public."Users" JOIN ',
+        'SELECT * FROM public."Users" RIGHT OUTER JOIN ',
+        """SELECT *
+    FROM public."Users"
+    LEFT JOIN """,
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_joins_quoted_schema_qualified_table(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas_and_from_clause_items()
+        + [join('public.users ON users.id = "Users".userid')]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT u.name, o.id FROM users u JOIN orders o ON ",
+        "SELECT u.name, o.id FROM users u JOIN orders o ON JOIN orders o2 ON",
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_aliases_after_on(completer, text):
+    position = len("SELECT u.name, o.id FROM users u JOIN orders o ON ")
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            alias("u"),
+            name_join("o.id = u.id"),
+            name_join("o.email = u.email"),
+            alias("o"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT u.name, o.id FROM users u JOIN orders o ON o.user_id = ",
+        "SELECT u.name, o.id FROM users u JOIN orders o ON o.user_id =  JOIN orders o2 ON",
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_aliases_after_on_right_side(completer, text):
+    position = len("SELECT u.name, o.id FROM users u JOIN orders o ON o.user_id = ")
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set([alias("u"), alias("o")])
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT users.name, orders.id FROM users JOIN orders ON ",
+        "SELECT users.name, orders.id FROM users JOIN orders ON JOIN orders orders2 ON",
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_tables_after_on(completer, text):
+    position = len("SELECT users.name, orders.id FROM users JOIN orders ON ")
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            name_join("orders.id = users.id"),
+            name_join("orders.email = users.email"),
+            alias("users"),
+            alias("orders"),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT users.name, orders.id FROM users JOIN orders ON orders.user_id = JOIN orders orders2 ON",
+        "SELECT users.name, orders.id FROM users JOIN orders ON orders.user_id = ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggested_tables_after_on_right_side(completer, text):
+    position = len(
+        "SELECT users.name, orders.id FROM users JOIN orders ON orders.user_id = "
+    )
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [alias("users"), alias("orders")]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM users INNER JOIN orders USING (",
+        "SELECT * FROM users INNER JOIN orders USING(",
+    ],
+)
+def test_join_using_suggests_common_columns(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [column("id"), column("email")]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM users u1 JOIN users u2 USING (email) JOIN user_emails ue USING()",
+        "SELECT * FROM users u1 JOIN users u2 USING(email) JOIN user_emails ue USING ()",
+        "SELECT * FROM users u1 JOIN user_emails ue USING () JOIN users u2 ue USING(first_name, last_name)",
+        "SELECT * FROM users u1 JOIN user_emails ue USING() JOIN users u2 ue USING (first_name, last_name)",
+    ],
+)
+def test_join_using_suggests_from_last_table(completer, text):
+    position = text.index("()") + 1
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [column("id"), column("email")]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM users INNER JOIN orders USING (id,",
+        "SELECT * FROM users INNER JOIN orders USING(id,",
+    ],
+)
+def test_join_using_suggests_columns_after_first_column(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [column("id"), column("email")]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM ",
+        "SELECT * FROM users CROSS JOIN ",
+        "SELECT * FROM users natural join ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_table_names_after_from(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas_and_from_clause_items()
+    )
+    assert [c.text for c in result] == [
+        "public",
+        "orders",
+        '"select"',
+        "users",
+        '"Users"',
+        "functions",
+        "user_emails",
+        "_custom_fun()",
+        "custom_fun()",
+        "custom_func1()",
+        "custom_func2()",
+        "set_returning_func(x := , y := )",
+    ]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_auto_escaped_col_names(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, 'SELECT  from "select"', len("SELECT "))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns_functions_and_keywords("select")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(aliasing=False))
+def test_allow_leading_double_quote_in_last_word(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, 'SELECT * from "sele')
+
+    expected = table('"select"', -5)
+
+    assert expected in result
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT 1::",
+        "CREATE TABLE foo (bar ",
+        "CREATE FUNCTION foo (bar INT, baz ",
+        "ALTER TABLE foo ALTER COLUMN bar TYPE ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggest_datatype(text, completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas() + testdata.types() + testdata.builtin_datatypes()
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_suggest_columns_from_escaped_table_alias(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, 'select * from "select" s where s.')
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(testdata.columns("select"))
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_suggest_columns_from_set_returning_function(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "select  from set_returning_func()", len("select "))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns_functions_and_keywords("set_returning_func", typ="functions")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_suggest_columns_from_aliased_set_returning_function(completer):
+    result = get_result(
+        completer, "select f. from set_returning_func() f", len("select f.")
+    )
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns("set_returning_func", typ="functions")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_join_functions_using_suggests_common_columns(completer):
+    text = """SELECT * FROM set_returning_func() f1
+              INNER JOIN set_returning_func() f2 USING ("""
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.columns("set_returning_func", typ="functions")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_join_functions_on_suggests_columns_and_join_conditions(completer):
+    text = """SELECT * FROM set_returning_func() f1
+              INNER JOIN set_returning_func() f2 ON f1."""
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [name_join("y = f2.y"), name_join("x = f2.x")]
+        + testdata.columns("set_returning_func", typ="functions")
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_learn_keywords(completer):
+    history = "CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT 1"
+    completer.extend_query_history(history)
+
+    # Now that we've used `VIEW` once, it should be suggested ahead of other
+    # keywords starting with v.
+    text = "create v"
+    completions = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions[0].text == "VIEW"
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+def test_learn_table_names(completer):
+    history = "SELECT * FROM users; SELECT * FROM orders; SELECT * FROM users"
+    completer.extend_query_history(history)
+
+    text = "SELECT * FROM "
+    completions = get_result(completer, text)
+
+    # `users` should be higher priority than `orders` (used more often)
+    users = table("users")
+    orders = table("orders")
+
+    assert completions.index(users) < completions.index(orders)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_columns_before_keywords(completer):
+    text = "SELECT * FROM orders WHERE s"
+    completions = get_result(completer, text)
+
+    col = column("status", -1)
+    kw = keyword("SELECT", -1)
+
+    assert completions.index(col) < completions.index(kw)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM users",
+        "INSERT INTO users SELECT * FROM users u",
+        """INSERT INTO users(id, parentid, email, first_name, last_name)
+    SELECT *
+    FROM users u""",
+    ],
+)
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion(completer, text):
+    position = text.find("*") + 1
+
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    col_list = "id, parentid, email, first_name, last_name"
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion(col_list)]
+
+    assert expected == completions
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT u.* FROM users u",
+        "INSERT INTO public.users SELECT u.* FROM users u",
+        """INSERT INTO users(id, parentid, email, first_name, last_name)
+    SELECT u.*
+    FROM users u""",
+    ],
+)
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion_with_alias(completer, text):
+    position = text.find("*") + 1
+
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    col_list = "id, u.parentid, u.email, u.first_name, u.last_name"
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion(col_list)]
+
+    assert expected == completions
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text,expected",
+    [
+        (
+            "SELECT users.* FROM users",
+            "id, users.parentid, users.email, users.first_name, users.last_name",
+        ),
+        (
+            "SELECT Users.* FROM Users",
+            "id, Users.parentid, Users.email, Users.first_name, Users.last_name",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion_with_table_qualifier(completer, text, expected):
+    position = len("SELECT users.*")
+
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion(expected)]
+
+    assert expected == completions
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=qual))
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion_with_two_tables(completer):
+    text = 'SELECT * FROM "select" JOIN users u ON true'
+    position = len("SELECT *")
+
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    cols = (
+        '"select".id, "select".insert, "select"."ABC", '
+        "u.id, u.parentid, u.email, u.first_name, u.last_name"
+    )
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion(cols)]
+    assert completions == expected
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_wildcard_column_expansion_with_two_tables_and_parent(completer):
+    text = 'SELECT "select".* FROM "select" JOIN users u ON true'
+    position = len('SELECT "select".*')
+
+    completions = get_result(completer, text, position)
+
+    col_list = 'id, "select".insert, "select"."ABC"'
+    expected = [wildcard_expansion(col_list)]
+
+    assert expected == completions
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    ["SELECT U. FROM Users U", "SELECT U. FROM USERS U", "SELECT U. FROM users U"],
+)
+def test_suggest_columns_from_unquoted_table(completer, text):
+    position = len("SELECT U.")
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(testdata.columns("users"))
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+def test_suggest_columns_from_quoted_table(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, 'SELECT U. FROM "Users" U', len("SELECT U."))
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(testdata.columns("Users"))
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize("text", ["SELECT * FROM ", "SELECT * FROM Orders o CROSS JOIN "])
+def test_schema_or_visible_table_completion(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas_and_from_clause_items()
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=True))
+@parametrize("text", ["SELECT * FROM "])
+def test_table_aliases(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas() + aliased_rels
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=True))
+@parametrize("text", ["SELECT * FROM Orders o CROSS JOIN "])
+def test_duplicate_table_aliases(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        testdata.schemas()
+        + [
+            table("orders o2"),
+            table("users u"),
+            table('"Users" U'),
+            table('"select" s'),
+            view("user_emails ue"),
+            view("functions f"),
+            function("_custom_fun() cf"),
+            function("custom_fun() cf"),
+            function("custom_func1() cf"),
+            function("custom_func2() cf"),
+            function(
+                "set_returning_func(x := , y := ) srf",
+                display="set_returning_func(x, y) srf",
+            ),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True, aliasing=True))
+@parametrize("text", ["SELECT * FROM Orders o CROSS JOIN "])
+def test_duplicate_aliases_with_casing(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            schema("PUBLIC"),
+            table("Orders O2"),
+            table("Users U"),
+            table('"Users" U'),
+            table('"select" s'),
+            view("User_Emails UE"),
+            view("Functions F"),
+            function("_custom_fun() cf"),
+            function("Custom_Fun() CF"),
+            function("Custom_Func1() CF"),
+            function("custom_func2() cf"),
+            function(
+                "set_returning_func(x := , y := ) srf",
+                display="set_returning_func(x, y) srf",
+            ),
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True, aliasing=True))
+@parametrize("text", ["SELECT * FROM "])
+def test_aliases_with_casing(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [schema("PUBLIC")] + cased_aliased_rels
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=True, aliasing=False))
+@parametrize("text", ["SELECT * FROM "])
+def test_table_casing(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [schema("PUBLIC")] + cased_rels
+    )
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "INSERT INTO users ()",
+        "INSERT INTO users()",
+        "INSERT INTO users () SELECT * FROM orders;",
+        "INSERT INTO users() SELECT * FROM users u cross join orders o",
+    ],
+)
+def test_insert(completer, text):
+    position = text.find("(") + 1
+    result = get_result(completer, text, position)
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(testdata.columns("users"))
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, aliasing=False))
+def test_suggest_cte_names(completer):
+    text = """
+        WITH cte1 AS (SELECT a, b, c FROM foo),
+             cte2 AS (SELECT d, e, f FROM bar)
+        SELECT * FROM
+    """
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    expected = completions_to_set(
+        [
+            Completion("cte1", 0, display_meta="table"),
+            Completion("cte2", 0, display_meta="table"),
+        ]
+    )
+    assert expected <= completions_to_set(result)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+def test_suggest_columns_from_cte(completer):
+    result = get_result(
+        completer,
+        "WITH cte AS (SELECT foo, bar FROM baz) SELECT  FROM cte",
+        len("WITH cte AS (SELECT foo, bar FROM baz) SELECT "),
+    )
+    expected = [
+        Completion("foo", 0, display_meta="column"),
+        Completion("bar", 0, display_meta="column"),
+    ] + testdata.functions_and_keywords()
+
+    assert completions_to_set(expected) == completions_to_set(result)
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers(casing=False, qualify=no_qual))
+@parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "WITH cte AS (SELECT foo FROM bar) SELECT * FROM cte WHERE cte.",
+        "WITH cte AS (SELECT foo FROM bar) SELECT * FROM cte c WHERE c.",
+    ],
+)
+def test_cte_qualified_columns(completer, text):
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    expected = [Completion("foo", 0, display_meta="column")]
+    assert completions_to_set(expected) == completions_to_set(result)
+
+
+@parametrize(
+    "keyword_casing,expected,texts",
+    [
+        ("upper", "SELECT", ("", "s", "S", "Sel")),
+        ("lower", "select", ("", "s", "S", "Sel")),
+        ("auto", "SELECT", ("", "S", "SEL", "seL")),
+        ("auto", "select", ("s", "sel", "SEl")),
+    ],
+)
+def test_keyword_casing_upper(keyword_casing, expected, texts):
+    for text in texts:
+        completer = testdata.get_completer({"keyword_casing": keyword_casing})
+        completions = get_result(completer, text)
+        assert expected in [cpl.text for cpl in completions]
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_keyword_after_alter(completer):
+    text = "ALTER TABLE users ALTER "
+    expected = Completion("COLUMN", start_position=0, display_meta="keyword")
+    completions = get_result(completer, text)
+    assert expected in completions
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_set_schema(completer):
+    text = "SET SCHEMA "
+    result = get_result(completer, text)
+    expected = completions_to_set([schema("'public'")])
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == expected
+
+
+@parametrize("completer", completers())
+def test_special_name_completion(completer):
+    result = get_result(completer, "\\t")
+    assert completions_to_set(result) == completions_to_set(
+        [
+            Completion(
+                text="\\timing",
+                start_position=-2,
+                display_meta="Toggle timing of commands.",
+            )
+        ]
+    )
diff --git a/tests/test_sqlcompletion.py b/tests/test_sqlcompletion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1034bbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_sqlcompletion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,964 @@
+from pgcli.packages.sqlcompletion import (
+    suggest_type,
+    Special,
+    Database,
+    Schema,
+    Table,
+    Column,
+    View,
+    Keyword,
+    FromClauseItem,
+    Function,
+    Datatype,
+    Alias,
+    JoinCondition,
+    Join,
+)
+from pgcli.packages.parseutils.tables import TableReference
+import pytest
+
+
+def cols_etc(
+    table, schema=None, alias=None, is_function=False, parent=None, last_keyword=None
+):
+    """Returns the expected select-clause suggestions for a single-table
+    select."""
+    return {
+        Column(
+            table_refs=(TableReference(schema, table, alias, is_function),),
+            qualifiable=True,
+        ),
+        Function(schema=parent),
+        Keyword(last_keyword),
+    }
+
+
+def test_select_suggests_cols_with_visible_table_scope():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("SELECT  FROM tabl", "SELECT ")
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("tabl", last_keyword="SELECT")
+
+
+def test_select_suggests_cols_with_qualified_table_scope():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("SELECT  FROM sch.tabl", "SELECT ")
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("tabl", "sch", last_keyword="SELECT")
+
+
+def test_cte_does_not_crash():
+    sql = "WITH CTE AS (SELECT F.* FROM Foo F WHERE F.Bar > 23) SELECT C.* FROM CTE C WHERE C.FooID BETWEEN 123 AND 234;"
+    for i in range(len(sql)):
+        suggestions = suggest_type(sql[: i + 1], sql[: i + 1])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("expression", ['SELECT * FROM "tabl" WHERE '])
+def test_where_suggests_columns_functions_quoted_table(expression):
+    expected = cols_etc("tabl", alias='"tabl"', last_keyword="WHERE")
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert expected == set(suggestions)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expression",
+    [
+        "INSERT INTO OtherTabl(ID, Name) SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE ",
+        "INSERT INTO OtherTabl SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE ",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE ",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE (",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE foo = ",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE bar OR ",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE foo = 1 AND ",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE (bar > 10 AND ",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE (bar AND (baz OR (qux AND (",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE 10 < ",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE foo BETWEEN ",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE foo BETWEEN foo AND ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_where_suggests_columns_functions(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("tabl", last_keyword="WHERE")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expression",
+    ["SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE foo IN (", "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE foo IN (bar, "],
+)
+def test_where_in_suggests_columns(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("tabl", last_keyword="WHERE")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("expression", ["SELECT 1 AS ", "SELECT 1 FROM tabl AS "])
+def test_after_as(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert set(suggestions) == set()
+
+
+def test_where_equals_any_suggests_columns_or_keywords():
+    text = "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE foo = ANY("
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text)
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("tabl", last_keyword="WHERE")
+
+
+def test_lparen_suggests_cols_and_funcs():
+    suggestion = suggest_type("SELECT MAX( FROM tbl", "SELECT MAX(")
+    assert set(suggestion) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "tbl", None, False),), qualifiable=True),
+        Function(schema=None),
+        Keyword("("),
+    }
+
+
+def test_select_suggests_cols_and_funcs():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("SELECT ", "SELECT ")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=(), qualifiable=True),
+        Function(schema=None),
+        Keyword("SELECT"),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expression", ["INSERT INTO ", "COPY ", "UPDATE ", "DESCRIBE "]
+)
+def test_suggests_tables_views_and_schemas(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Table(schema=None), View(schema=None), Schema()}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("expression", ["SELECT * FROM "])
+def test_suggest_tables_views_schemas_and_functions(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {FromClauseItem(schema=None), Schema()}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expression",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM foo JOIN bar on bar.barid = foo.barid JOIN ",
+        "SELECT * FROM foo JOIN bar USING (barid) JOIN ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggest_after_join_with_two_tables(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    tables = tuple([(None, "foo", None, False), (None, "bar", None, False)])
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        FromClauseItem(schema=None, table_refs=tables),
+        Join(tables, None),
+        Schema(),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expression", ["SELECT * FROM foo JOIN ", "SELECT * FROM foo JOIN bar"]
+)
+def test_suggest_after_join_with_one_table(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    tables = ((None, "foo", None, False),)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        FromClauseItem(schema=None, table_refs=tables),
+        Join(((None, "foo", None, False),), None),
+        Schema(),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expression", ["INSERT INTO sch.", "COPY sch.", "DESCRIBE sch."]
+)
+def test_suggest_qualified_tables_and_views(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Table(schema="sch"), View(schema="sch")}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("expression", ["UPDATE sch."])
+def test_suggest_qualified_aliasable_tables_and_views(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Table(schema="sch"), View(schema="sch")}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expression",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM sch.",
+        'SELECT * FROM sch."',
+        'SELECT * FROM sch."foo',
+        'SELECT * FROM "sch".',
+        'SELECT * FROM "sch"."',
+    ],
+)
+def test_suggest_qualified_tables_views_and_functions(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {FromClauseItem(schema="sch")}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("expression", ["SELECT * FROM foo JOIN sch."])
+def test_suggest_qualified_tables_views_functions_and_joins(expression):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    tbls = tuple([(None, "foo", None, False)])
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        FromClauseItem(schema="sch", table_refs=tbls),
+        Join(tbls, "sch"),
+    }
+
+
+def test_truncate_suggests_tables_and_schemas():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("TRUNCATE ", "TRUNCATE ")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Table(schema=None), Schema()}
+
+
+def test_truncate_suggests_qualified_tables():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("TRUNCATE sch.", "TRUNCATE sch.")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Table(schema="sch")}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text", ["SELECT DISTINCT ", "INSERT INTO foo SELECT DISTINCT "]
+)
+def test_distinct_suggests_cols(text):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=(), local_tables=(), qualifiable=True),
+        Function(schema=None),
+        Keyword("DISTINCT"),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text, text_before, last_keyword",
+    [
+        ("SELECT DISTINCT FROM tbl x JOIN tbl1 y", "SELECT DISTINCT", "SELECT"),
+        (
+            "SELECT * FROM tbl x JOIN tbl1 y ORDER BY ",
+            "SELECT * FROM tbl x JOIN tbl1 y ORDER BY ",
+            "ORDER BY",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_distinct_and_order_by_suggestions_with_aliases(
+    text, text_before, last_keyword
+):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text_before)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(
+            table_refs=(
+                TableReference(None, "tbl", "x", False),
+                TableReference(None, "tbl1", "y", False),
+            ),
+            local_tables=(),
+            qualifiable=True,
+        ),
+        Function(schema=None),
+        Keyword(last_keyword),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text, text_before",
+    [
+        ("SELECT DISTINCT x. FROM tbl x JOIN tbl1 y", "SELECT DISTINCT x."),
+        (
+            "SELECT * FROM tbl x JOIN tbl1 y ORDER BY x.",
+            "SELECT * FROM tbl x JOIN tbl1 y ORDER BY x.",
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_distinct_and_order_by_suggestions_with_alias_given(text, text_before):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text_before)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(
+            table_refs=(TableReference(None, "tbl", "x", False),),
+            local_tables=(),
+            qualifiable=False,
+        ),
+        Table(schema="x"),
+        View(schema="x"),
+        Function(schema="x"),
+    }
+
+
+def test_function_arguments_with_alias_given():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("SELECT avg(x. FROM tbl x, tbl2 y", "SELECT avg(x.")
+
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(
+            table_refs=(TableReference(None, "tbl", "x", False),),
+            local_tables=(),
+            qualifiable=False,
+        ),
+        Table(schema="x"),
+        View(schema="x"),
+        Function(schema="x"),
+    }
+
+
+def test_col_comma_suggests_cols():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("SELECT a, b, FROM tbl", "SELECT a, b,")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "tbl", None, False),), qualifiable=True),
+        Function(schema=None),
+        Keyword("SELECT"),
+    }
+
+
+def test_table_comma_suggests_tables_and_schemas():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("SELECT a, b FROM tbl1, ", "SELECT a, b FROM tbl1, ")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {FromClauseItem(schema=None), Schema()}
+
+
+def test_into_suggests_tables_and_schemas():
+    suggestion = suggest_type("INSERT INTO ", "INSERT INTO ")
+    assert set(suggestion) == {Table(schema=None), View(schema=None), Schema()}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text", ["INSERT INTO abc (", "INSERT INTO abc () SELECT * FROM hij;"]
+)
+def test_insert_into_lparen_suggests_cols(text):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, "INSERT INTO abc (")
+    assert suggestions == (
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "abc", None, False),), context="insert"),
+    )
+
+
+def test_insert_into_lparen_partial_text_suggests_cols():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("INSERT INTO abc (i", "INSERT INTO abc (i")
+    assert suggestions == (
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "abc", None, False),), context="insert"),
+    )
+
+
+def test_insert_into_lparen_comma_suggests_cols():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("INSERT INTO abc (id,", "INSERT INTO abc (id,")
+    assert suggestions == (
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "abc", None, False),), context="insert"),
+    )
+
+
+def test_partially_typed_col_name_suggests_col_names():
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE col_n", "SELECT * FROM tabl WHERE col_n"
+    )
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("tabl", last_keyword="WHERE")
+
+
+def test_dot_suggests_cols_of_a_table_or_schema_qualified_table():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("SELECT tabl. FROM tabl", "SELECT tabl.")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "tabl", None, False),)),
+        Table(schema="tabl"),
+        View(schema="tabl"),
+        Function(schema="tabl"),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "SELECT t1. FROM tabl1 t1",
+        "SELECT t1. FROM tabl1 t1, tabl2 t2",
+        'SELECT t1. FROM "tabl1" t1',
+        'SELECT t1. FROM "tabl1" t1, "tabl2" t2',
+    ],
+)
+def test_dot_suggests_cols_of_an_alias(sql):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, "SELECT t1.")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Table(schema="t1"),
+        View(schema="t1"),
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "tabl1", "t1", False),)),
+        Function(schema="t1"),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl1 t1 WHERE t1.",
+        "SELECT * FROM tabl1 t1, tabl2 t2 WHERE t1.",
+        'SELECT * FROM "tabl1" t1 WHERE t1.',
+        'SELECT * FROM "tabl1" t1, tabl2 t2 WHERE t1.',
+    ],
+)
+def test_dot_suggests_cols_of_an_alias_where(sql):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Table(schema="t1"),
+        View(schema="t1"),
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "tabl1", "t1", False),)),
+        Function(schema="t1"),
+    }
+
+
+def test_dot_col_comma_suggests_cols_or_schema_qualified_table():
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "SELECT t1.a, t2. FROM tabl1 t1, tabl2 t2", "SELECT t1.a, t2."
+    )
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "tabl2", "t2", False),)),
+        Table(schema="t2"),
+        View(schema="t2"),
+        Function(schema="t2"),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expression",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM (",
+        "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE EXISTS (",
+        "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar AND NOT EXISTS (",
+    ],
+)
+def test_sub_select_suggests_keyword(expression):
+    suggestion = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert suggestion == (Keyword(),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expression",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM (S",
+        "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE EXISTS (S",
+        "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar AND NOT EXISTS (S",
+    ],
+)
+def test_sub_select_partial_text_suggests_keyword(expression):
+    suggestion = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert suggestion == (Keyword(),)
+
+
+def test_outer_table_reference_in_exists_subquery_suggests_columns():
+    q = "SELECT * FROM foo f WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM bar WHERE f."
+    suggestions = suggest_type(q, q)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "foo", "f", False),)),
+        Table(schema="f"),
+        View(schema="f"),
+        Function(schema="f"),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("expression", ["SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM "])
+def test_sub_select_table_name_completion(expression):
+    suggestion = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    assert set(suggestion) == {FromClauseItem(schema=None), Schema()}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "expression",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM ",
+        "SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_sub_select_table_name_completion_with_outer_table(expression):
+    suggestion = suggest_type(expression, expression)
+    tbls = tuple([(None, "foo", None, False)])
+    assert set(suggestion) == {FromClauseItem(schema=None, table_refs=tbls), Schema()}
+
+
+def test_sub_select_col_name_completion():
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "SELECT * FROM (SELECT  FROM abc", "SELECT * FROM (SELECT "
+    )
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "abc", None, False),), qualifiable=True),
+        Function(schema=None),
+        Keyword("SELECT"),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xfail
+def test_sub_select_multiple_col_name_completion():
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "SELECT * FROM (SELECT a, FROM abc", "SELECT * FROM (SELECT a, "
+    )
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("abc")
+
+
+def test_sub_select_dot_col_name_completion():
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "SELECT * FROM (SELECT t. FROM tabl t", "SELECT * FROM (SELECT t."
+    )
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "tabl", "t", False),)),
+        Table(schema="t"),
+        View(schema="t"),
+        Function(schema="t"),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("join_type", ("", "INNER", "LEFT", "RIGHT OUTER"))
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("tbl_alias", ("", "foo"))
+def test_join_suggests_tables_and_schemas(tbl_alias, join_type):
+    text = f"SELECT * FROM abc {tbl_alias} {join_type} JOIN "
+    suggestion = suggest_type(text, text)
+    tbls = tuple([(None, "abc", tbl_alias or None, False)])
+    assert set(suggestion) == {
+        FromClauseItem(schema=None, table_refs=tbls),
+        Schema(),
+        Join(tbls, None),
+    }
+
+
+def test_left_join_with_comma():
+    text = "select * from foo f left join bar b,"
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text)
+    # tbls should also include (None, 'bar', 'b', False)
+    # but there's a bug with commas
+    tbls = tuple([(None, "foo", "f", False)])
+    assert set(suggestions) == {FromClauseItem(schema=None, table_refs=tbls), Schema()}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM abc a JOIN def d ON a.",
+        "SELECT * FROM abc a JOIN def d ON a.id = d.id AND a.",
+    ],
+)
+def test_join_alias_dot_suggests_cols1(sql):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    tables = ((None, "abc", "a", False), (None, "def", "d", False))
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "abc", "a", False),)),
+        Table(schema="a"),
+        View(schema="a"),
+        Function(schema="a"),
+        JoinCondition(table_refs=tables, parent=(None, "abc", "a", False)),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "SELECT * FROM abc a JOIN def d ON a.id = d.",
+        "SELECT * FROM abc a JOIN def d ON a.id = d.id AND a.id2 = d.",
+    ],
+)
+def test_join_alias_dot_suggests_cols2(sql):
+    suggestion = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    assert set(suggestion) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "def", "d", False),)),
+        Table(schema="d"),
+        View(schema="d"),
+        Function(schema="d"),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "select a.x, b.y from abc a join bcd b on ",
+        """select a.x, b.y
+from abc a
+join bcd b on
+""",
+        """select a.x, b.y
+from abc a
+join bcd b
+on """,
+        "select a.x, b.y from abc a join bcd b on a.id = b.id OR ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_on_suggests_aliases_and_join_conditions(sql):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    tables = ((None, "abc", "a", False), (None, "bcd", "b", False))
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        JoinCondition(table_refs=tables, parent=None),
+        Alias(aliases=("a", "b")),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "select abc.x, bcd.y from abc join bcd on abc.id = bcd.id AND ",
+        "select abc.x, bcd.y from abc join bcd on ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_on_suggests_tables_and_join_conditions(sql):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    tables = ((None, "abc", None, False), (None, "bcd", None, False))
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        JoinCondition(table_refs=tables, parent=None),
+        Alias(aliases=("abc", "bcd")),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "select a.x, b.y from abc a join bcd b on a.id = ",
+        "select a.x, b.y from abc a join bcd b on a.id = b.id AND a.id2 = ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_on_suggests_aliases_right_side(sql):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    assert suggestions == (Alias(aliases=("a", "b")),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "select abc.x, bcd.y from abc join bcd on abc.id = bcd.id and ",
+        "select abc.x, bcd.y from abc join bcd on ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_on_suggests_tables_and_join_conditions_right_side(sql):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    tables = ((None, "abc", None, False), (None, "bcd", None, False))
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        JoinCondition(table_refs=tables, parent=None),
+        Alias(aliases=("abc", "bcd")),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text",
+    (
+        "select * from abc inner join def using (",
+        "select * from abc inner join def using (col1, ",
+        "insert into hij select * from abc inner join def using (",
+        """insert into hij(x, y, z)
+    select * from abc inner join def using (col1, """,
+        """insert into hij (a,b,c)
+    select * from abc inner join def using (col1, """,
+    ),
+)
+def test_join_using_suggests_common_columns(text):
+    tables = ((None, "abc", None, False), (None, "def", None, False))
+    assert set(suggest_type(text, text)) == {
+        Column(table_refs=tables, require_last_table=True)
+    }
+
+
+def test_suggest_columns_after_multiple_joins():
+    sql = """select * from t1
+            inner join t2 ON
+              t1.id = t2.t1_id
+            inner join t3 ON
+              t2.id = t3."""
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    assert Column(table_refs=((None, "t3", None, False),)) in set(suggestions)
+
+
+def test_2_statements_2nd_current():
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "select * from a; select * from ", "select * from a; select * from "
+    )
+    assert set(suggestions) == {FromClauseItem(schema=None), Schema()}
+
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "select * from a; select  from b", "select * from a; select "
+    )
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "b", None, False),), qualifiable=True),
+        Function(schema=None),
+        Keyword("SELECT"),
+    }
+
+    # Should work even if first statement is invalid
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "select * from; select * from ", "select * from; select * from "
+    )
+    assert set(suggestions) == {FromClauseItem(schema=None), Schema()}
+
+
+def test_2_statements_1st_current():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("select * from ; select * from b", "select * from ")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {FromClauseItem(schema=None), Schema()}
+
+    suggestions = suggest_type("select  from a; select * from b", "select ")
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("a", last_keyword="SELECT")
+
+
+def test_3_statements_2nd_current():
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "select * from a; select * from ; select * from c",
+        "select * from a; select * from ",
+    )
+    assert set(suggestions) == {FromClauseItem(schema=None), Schema()}
+
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "select * from a; select  from b; select * from c", "select * from a; select "
+    )
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("b", last_keyword="SELECT")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        """
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func() RETURNS setof int AS $$
+SELECT  FROM foo;
+SELECT 2 FROM bar;
+$$ language sql;
+    """,
+        """create function func2(int, varchar)
+RETURNS text
+language sql AS
+$func$
+SELECT 2 FROM bar;
+SELECT  FROM foo;
+$func$
+    """,
+        """
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func() RETURNS setof int AS $func$
+SELECT 3 FROM foo;
+SELECT 2 FROM bar;
+$$ language sql;
+create function func2(int, varchar)
+RETURNS text
+language sql AS
+$func$
+SELECT 2 FROM bar;
+SELECT  FROM foo;
+$func$
+    """,
+        """
+SELECT * FROM baz;
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func() RETURNS setof int AS $func$
+SELECT  FROM foo;
+SELECT 2 FROM bar;
+$$ language sql;
+create function func2(int, varchar)
+RETURNS text
+language sql AS
+$func$
+SELECT 3 FROM bar;
+SELECT  FROM foo;
+$func$
+SELECT * FROM qux;
+    """,
+    ],
+)
+def test_statements_in_function_body(text):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text[: text.find("  ") + 1])
+    assert set(suggestions) == {
+        Column(table_refs=((None, "foo", None, False),), qualifiable=True),
+        Function(schema=None),
+        Keyword("SELECT"),
+    }
+
+
+functions = [
+    """
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func() RETURNS setof int AS $$
+SELECT 1 FROM foo;
+SELECT 2 FROM bar;
+$$ language sql;
+    """,
+    """
+create function func2(int, varchar)
+RETURNS text
+language sql AS
+'
+SELECT 2 FROM bar;
+SELECT 1 FROM foo;
+';
+    """,
+]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("text", functions)
+def test_statements_with_cursor_after_function_body(text):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text[: text.find("; ") + 1])
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Keyword(), Special()}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("text", functions)
+def test_statements_with_cursor_before_function_body(text):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, "")
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Keyword(), Special()}
+
+
+def test_create_db_with_template():
+    suggestions = suggest_type(
+        "create database foo with template ", "create database foo with template "
+    )
+
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Database()}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("initial_text", ("", "    ", "\t \t", "\n"))
+def test_specials_included_for_initial_completion(initial_text):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(initial_text, initial_text)
+
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Keyword(), Special()}
+
+
+def test_drop_schema_qualified_table_suggests_only_tables():
+    text = "DROP TABLE schema_name.table_name"
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text)
+    assert suggestions == (Table(schema="schema_name"),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("text", (",", "  ,", "sel ,"))
+def test_handle_pre_completion_comma_gracefully(text):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text)
+
+    assert iter(suggestions)
+
+
+def test_drop_schema_suggests_schemas():
+    sql = "DROP SCHEMA "
+    assert suggest_type(sql, sql) == (Schema(),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("text", ["SELECT x::", "SELECT x::y", "SELECT (x + y)::"])
+def test_cast_operator_suggests_types(text):
+    assert set(suggest_type(text, text)) == {
+        Datatype(schema=None),
+        Table(schema=None),
+        Schema(),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text", ["SELECT foo::bar.", "SELECT foo::bar.baz", "SELECT (x + y)::bar."]
+)
+def test_cast_operator_suggests_schema_qualified_types(text):
+    assert set(suggest_type(text, text)) == {
+        Datatype(schema="bar"),
+        Table(schema="bar"),
+    }
+
+
+def test_alter_column_type_suggests_types():
+    q = "ALTER TABLE foo ALTER COLUMN bar TYPE "
+    assert set(suggest_type(q, q)) == {
+        Datatype(schema=None),
+        Table(schema=None),
+        Schema(),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "CREATE TABLE foo (bar ",
+        "CREATE TABLE foo (bar DOU",
+        "CREATE TABLE foo (bar INT, baz ",
+        "CREATE TABLE foo (bar INT, baz TEXT, qux ",
+        "CREATE FUNCTION foo (bar ",
+        "CREATE FUNCTION foo (bar INT, baz ",
+        "SELECT * FROM foo() AS bar (baz ",
+        "SELECT * FROM foo() AS bar (baz INT, qux ",
+        # make sure this doesn't trigger special completion
+        "CREATE TABLE foo (dt d",
+    ],
+)
+def test_identifier_suggests_types_in_parentheses(text):
+    assert set(suggest_type(text, text)) == {
+        Datatype(schema=None),
+        Table(schema=None),
+        Schema(),
+    }
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text",
+    [
+        "SELECT foo ",
+        "SELECT foo FROM bar ",
+        "SELECT foo AS bar ",
+        "SELECT foo bar ",
+        "SELECT * FROM foo AS bar ",
+        "SELECT * FROM foo bar ",
+        "SELECT foo FROM (SELECT bar ",
+    ],
+)
+def test_alias_suggests_keywords(text):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text)
+    assert suggestions == (Keyword(),)
+
+
+def test_invalid_sql():
+    # issue 317
+    text = "selt *"
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text)
+    assert suggestions == (Keyword(),)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text",
+    ["SELECT * FROM foo where created > now() - ", "select * from foo where bar "],
+)
+def test_suggest_where_keyword(text):
+    # https://github.com/dbcli/mycli/issues/135
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, text)
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("foo", last_keyword="WHERE")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "text, before, expected",
+    [
+        (
+            "\\ns abc SELECT ",
+            "SELECT ",
+            [
+                Column(table_refs=(), qualifiable=True),
+                Function(schema=None),
+                Keyword("SELECT"),
+            ],
+        ),
+        ("\\ns abc SELECT foo ", "SELECT foo ", (Keyword(),)),
+        (
+            "\\ns abc SELECT t1. FROM tabl1 t1",
+            "SELECT t1.",
+            [
+                Table(schema="t1"),
+                View(schema="t1"),
+                Column(table_refs=((None, "tabl1", "t1", False),)),
+                Function(schema="t1"),
+            ],
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_named_query_completion(text, before, expected):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(text, before)
+    assert set(expected) == set(suggestions)
+
+
+def test_select_suggests_fields_from_function():
+    suggestions = suggest_type("SELECT  FROM func()", "SELECT ")
+    assert set(suggestions) == cols_etc("func", is_function=True, last_keyword="SELECT")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("sql", ["("])
+def test_leading_parenthesis(sql):
+    # No assertion for now; just make sure it doesn't crash
+    suggest_type(sql, sql)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("sql", ['select * from "', 'select * from "foo'])
+def test_ignore_leading_double_quotes(sql):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    assert FromClauseItem(schema=None) in set(suggestions)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "sql",
+    [
+        "ALTER TABLE foo ALTER COLUMN ",
+        "ALTER TABLE foo ALTER COLUMN bar",
+        "ALTER TABLE foo DROP COLUMN ",
+        "ALTER TABLE foo DROP COLUMN bar",
+    ],
+)
+def test_column_keyword_suggests_columns(sql):
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    assert set(suggestions) == {Column(table_refs=((None, "foo", None, False),))}
+
+
+def test_handle_unrecognized_kw_generously():
+    sql = "SELECT * FROM sessions WHERE session = 1 AND "
+    suggestions = suggest_type(sql, sql)
+    expected = Column(table_refs=((None, "sessions", None, False),), qualifiable=True)
+
+    assert expected in set(suggestions)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("sql", ["ALTER ", "ALTER TABLE foo ALTER "])
+def test_keyword_after_alter(sql):
+    assert Keyword("ALTER") in set(suggest_type(sql, sql))
diff --git a/tests/test_ssh_tunnel.py b/tests/test_ssh_tunnel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae865f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_ssh_tunnel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+import os
+from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock, ANY
+
+import pytest
+from configobj import ConfigObj
+from click.testing import CliRunner
+from sshtunnel import SSHTunnelForwarder
+
+from pgcli.main import cli, PGCli
+from pgcli.pgexecute import PGExecute
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder() -> MagicMock:
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder = MagicMock(
+        SSHTunnelForwarder, local_bind_ports=[1111], autospec=True
+    )
+    with patch(
+        "pgcli.main.sshtunnel.SSHTunnelForwarder",
+        return_value=mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder,
+    ) as mock:
+        yield mock
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_pgexecute() -> MagicMock:
+    with patch.object(PGExecute, "__init__", return_value=None) as mock_pgexecute:
+        yield mock_pgexecute
+
+
+def test_ssh_tunnel(
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder: MagicMock, mock_pgexecute: MagicMock
+) -> None:
+    # Test with just a host
+    tunnel_url = "some.host"
+    db_params = {
+        "database": "dbname",
+        "host": "db.host",
+        "user": "db_user",
+        "passwd": "db_passwd",
+    }
+    expected_tunnel_params = {
+        "local_bind_address": ("127.0.0.1",),
+        "remote_bind_address": (db_params["host"], 5432),
+        "ssh_address_or_host": (tunnel_url, 22),
+        "logger": ANY,
+    }
+
+    pgcli = PGCli(ssh_tunnel_url=tunnel_url)
+    pgcli.connect(**db_params)
+
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.assert_called_once_with(**expected_tunnel_params)
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.return_value.start.assert_called_once()
+    mock_pgexecute.assert_called_once()
+
+    call_args, call_kwargs = mock_pgexecute.call_args
+    assert call_args == (
+        db_params["database"],
+        db_params["user"],
+        db_params["passwd"],
+        "127.0.0.1",
+        pgcli.ssh_tunnel.local_bind_ports[0],
+        "",
+    )
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.reset_mock()
+    mock_pgexecute.reset_mock()
+
+    # Test with a full url and with a specific db port
+    tunnel_user = "tunnel_user"
+    tunnel_passwd = "tunnel_pass"
+    tunnel_host = "some.other.host"
+    tunnel_port = 1022
+    tunnel_url = f"ssh://{tunnel_user}:{tunnel_passwd}@{tunnel_host}:{tunnel_port}"
+    db_params["port"] = 1234
+
+    expected_tunnel_params["remote_bind_address"] = (
+        db_params["host"],
+        db_params["port"],
+    )
+    expected_tunnel_params["ssh_address_or_host"] = (tunnel_host, tunnel_port)
+    expected_tunnel_params["ssh_username"] = tunnel_user
+    expected_tunnel_params["ssh_password"] = tunnel_passwd
+
+    pgcli = PGCli(ssh_tunnel_url=tunnel_url)
+    pgcli.connect(**db_params)
+
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.assert_called_once_with(**expected_tunnel_params)
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.return_value.start.assert_called_once()
+    mock_pgexecute.assert_called_once()
+
+    call_args, call_kwargs = mock_pgexecute.call_args
+    assert call_args == (
+        db_params["database"],
+        db_params["user"],
+        db_params["passwd"],
+        "127.0.0.1",
+        pgcli.ssh_tunnel.local_bind_ports[0],
+        "",
+    )
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.reset_mock()
+    mock_pgexecute.reset_mock()
+
+    # Test with DSN
+    dsn = (
+        f"user={db_params['user']} password={db_params['passwd']} "
+        f"host={db_params['host']} port={db_params['port']}"
+    )
+
+    pgcli = PGCli(ssh_tunnel_url=tunnel_url)
+    pgcli.connect(dsn=dsn)
+
+    expected_dsn = (
+        f"user={db_params['user']} password={db_params['passwd']} "
+        f"host=127.0.0.1 port={pgcli.ssh_tunnel.local_bind_ports[0]}"
+    )
+
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.assert_called_once_with(**expected_tunnel_params)
+    mock_pgexecute.assert_called_once()
+
+    call_args, call_kwargs = mock_pgexecute.call_args
+    assert expected_dsn in call_args
+
+
+def test_cli_with_tunnel() -> None:
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    tunnel_url = "mytunnel"
+    with patch.object(
+        PGCli, "__init__", autospec=True, return_value=None
+    ) as mock_pgcli:
+        runner.invoke(cli, ["--ssh-tunnel", tunnel_url])
+        mock_pgcli.assert_called_once()
+        call_args, call_kwargs = mock_pgcli.call_args
+        assert call_kwargs["ssh_tunnel_url"] == tunnel_url
+
+
+def test_config(
+    tmpdir: os.PathLike, mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder: MagicMock, mock_pgexecute: MagicMock
+) -> None:
+    pgclirc = str(tmpdir.join("rcfile"))
+
+    tunnel_user = "tunnel_user"
+    tunnel_passwd = "tunnel_pass"
+    tunnel_host = "tunnel.host"
+    tunnel_port = 1022
+    tunnel_url = f"{tunnel_user}:{tunnel_passwd}@{tunnel_host}:{tunnel_port}"
+
+    tunnel2_url = "tunnel2.host"
+
+    config = ConfigObj()
+    config.filename = pgclirc
+    config["ssh tunnels"] = {}
+    config["ssh tunnels"][r"\.com$"] = tunnel_url
+    config["ssh tunnels"][r"^hello-"] = tunnel2_url
+    config.write()
+
+    # Unmatched host
+    pgcli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=pgclirc)
+    pgcli.connect(host="unmatched.host")
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.assert_not_called()
+
+    # Host matching first tunnel
+    pgcli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=pgclirc)
+    pgcli.connect(host="matched.host.com")
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.assert_called_once()
+    call_args, call_kwargs = mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.call_args
+    assert call_kwargs["ssh_address_or_host"] == (tunnel_host, tunnel_port)
+    assert call_kwargs["ssh_username"] == tunnel_user
+    assert call_kwargs["ssh_password"] == tunnel_passwd
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.reset_mock()
+
+    # Host matching second tunnel
+    pgcli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=pgclirc)
+    pgcli.connect(host="hello-i-am-matched")
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.assert_called_once()
+
+    call_args, call_kwargs = mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.call_args
+    assert call_kwargs["ssh_address_or_host"] == (tunnel2_url, 22)
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.reset_mock()
+
+    # Host matching both tunnels (will use the first one matched)
+    pgcli = PGCli(pgclirc_file=pgclirc)
+    pgcli.connect(host="hello-i-am-matched.com")
+    mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.assert_called_once()
+
+    call_args, call_kwargs = mock_ssh_tunnel_forwarder.call_args
+    assert call_kwargs["ssh_address_or_host"] == (tunnel_host, tunnel_port)
+    assert call_kwargs["ssh_username"] == tunnel_user
+    assert call_kwargs["ssh_password"] == tunnel_passwd
diff --git a/tests/utils.py b/tests/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67d769f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+import pytest
+import psycopg
+from pgcli.main import format_output, OutputSettings
+from os import getenv
+
+POSTGRES_USER = getenv("PGUSER", "postgres")
+POSTGRES_HOST = getenv("PGHOST", "localhost")
+POSTGRES_PORT = getenv("PGPORT", 5432)
+POSTGRES_PASSWORD = getenv("PGPASSWORD", "postgres")
+
+
+def db_connection(dbname=None):
+    conn = psycopg.connect(
+        user=POSTGRES_USER,
+        host=POSTGRES_HOST,
+        password=POSTGRES_PASSWORD,
+        port=POSTGRES_PORT,
+        dbname=dbname,
+    )
+    conn.autocommit = True
+    return conn
+
+
+try:
+    conn = db_connection()
+    CAN_CONNECT_TO_DB = True
+    SERVER_VERSION = conn.info.parameter_status("server_version")
+    JSON_AVAILABLE = True
+    JSONB_AVAILABLE = True
+except Exception as x:
+    CAN_CONNECT_TO_DB = JSON_AVAILABLE = JSONB_AVAILABLE = False
+    SERVER_VERSION = 0
+
+
+dbtest = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not CAN_CONNECT_TO_DB,
+    reason="Need a postgres instance at localhost accessible by user 'postgres'",
+)
+
+
+requires_json = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not JSON_AVAILABLE, reason="Postgres server unavailable or json type not defined"
+)
+
+
+requires_jsonb = pytest.mark.skipif(
+    not JSONB_AVAILABLE, reason="Postgres server unavailable or jsonb type not defined"
+)
+
+
+def create_db(dbname):
+    with db_connection().cursor() as cur:
+        try:
+            cur.execute("""CREATE DATABASE _test_db""")
+        except:
+            pass
+
+
+def drop_tables(conn):
+    with conn.cursor() as cur:
+        cur.execute(
+            """
+            DROP SCHEMA public CASCADE;
+            CREATE SCHEMA public;
+            DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS schema1 CASCADE;
+            DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS schema2 CASCADE"""
+        )
+
+
+def run(
+    executor, sql, join=False, expanded=False, pgspecial=None, exception_formatter=None
+):
+    "Return string output for the sql to be run"
+
+    results = executor.run(sql, pgspecial, exception_formatter)
+    formatted = []
+    settings = OutputSettings(
+        table_format="psql", dcmlfmt="d", floatfmt="g", expanded=expanded
+    )
+    for title, rows, headers, status, sql, success, is_special in results:
+        formatted.extend(format_output(title, rows, headers, status, settings))
+    if join:
+        formatted = "\n".join(formatted)
+
+    return formatted
+
+
+def completions_to_set(completions):
+    return {
+        (completion.display_text, completion.display_meta_text)
+        for completion in completions
+    }