-- -- INTERVAL -- SET DATESTYLE = 'ISO'; SET IntervalStyle to postgres; -- check acceptance of "time zone style" SELECT INTERVAL '01:00' AS "One hour"; One hour ---------- 01:00:00 (1 row) SELECT INTERVAL '+02:00' AS "Two hours"; Two hours ----------- 02:00:00 (1 row) SELECT INTERVAL '-08:00' AS "Eight hours"; Eight hours ------------- -08:00:00 (1 row) SELECT INTERVAL '-1 +02:03' AS "22 hours ago..."; 22 hours ago... ------------------- -1 days +02:03:00 (1 row) SELECT INTERVAL '-1 days +02:03' AS "22 hours ago..."; 22 hours ago... ------------------- -1 days +02:03:00 (1 row) SELECT INTERVAL '1.5 weeks' AS "Ten days twelve hours"; Ten days twelve hours ----------------------- 10 days 12:00:00 (1 row) SELECT INTERVAL '1.5 months' AS "One month 15 days"; One month 15 days ------------------- 1 mon 15 days (1 row) SELECT INTERVAL '10 years -11 month -12 days +13:14' AS "9 years..."; 9 years... ---------------------------------- 9 years 1 mon -12 days +13:14:00 (1 row) CREATE TABLE INTERVAL_TBL (f1 interval); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('@ 1 minute'); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('@ 5 hour'); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('@ 10 day'); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('@ 34 year'); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('@ 3 months'); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('@ 14 seconds ago'); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('1 day 2 hours 3 minutes 4 seconds'); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('6 years'); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('5 months'); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('5 months 12 hours'); -- badly formatted interval INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('badly formatted interval'); ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "badly formatted interval" LINE 1: INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('badly formatted inter... ^ INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('@ 30 eons ago'); ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "@ 30 eons ago" LINE 1: INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL (f1) VALUES ('@ 30 eons ago'); ^ -- test interval operators SELECT '' AS ten, * FROM INTERVAL_TBL; ten | f1 -----+----------------- | 00:01:00 | 05:00:00 | 10 days | 34 years | 3 mons | -00:00:14 | 1 day 02:03:04 | 6 years | 5 mons | 5 mons 12:00:00 (10 rows) SELECT '' AS nine, * FROM INTERVAL_TBL WHERE INTERVAL_TBL.f1 <> interval '@ 10 days'; nine | f1 ------+----------------- | 00:01:00 | 05:00:00 | 34 years | 3 mons | -00:00:14 | 1 day 02:03:04 | 6 years | 5 mons | 5 mons 12:00:00 (9 rows) SELECT '' AS three, * FROM INTERVAL_TBL WHERE INTERVAL_TBL.f1 <= interval '@ 5 hours'; three | f1 -------+----------- | 00:01:00 | 05:00:00 | -00:00:14 (3 rows) SELECT '' AS three, * FROM INTERVAL_TBL WHERE INTERVAL_TBL.f1 < interval '@ 1 day'; three | f1 -------+----------- | 00:01:00 | 05:00:00 | -00:00:14 (3 rows) SELECT '' AS one, * FROM INTERVAL_TBL WHERE INTERVAL_TBL.f1 = interval '@ 34 years'; one | f1 -----+---------- | 34 years (1 row) SELECT '' AS five, * FROM INTERVAL_TBL WHERE INTERVAL_TBL.f1 >= interval '@ 1 month'; five | f1 ------+----------------- | 34 years | 3 mons | 6 years | 5 mons | 5 mons 12:00:00 (5 rows) SELECT '' AS nine, * FROM INTERVAL_TBL WHERE INTERVAL_TBL.f1 > interval '@ 3 seconds ago'; nine | f1 ------+----------------- | 00:01:00 | 05:00:00 | 10 days | 34 years | 3 mons | 1 day 02:03:04 | 6 years | 5 mons | 5 mons 12:00:00 (9 rows) SELECT '' AS fortyfive, r1.*, r2.* FROM INTERVAL_TBL r1, INTERVAL_TBL r2 WHERE r1.f1 > r2.f1 ORDER BY r1.f1, r2.f1; fortyfive | f1 | f1 -----------+-----------------+----------------- | 00:01:00 | -00:00:14 | 05:00:00 | -00:00:14 | 05:00:00 | 00:01:00 | 1 day 02:03:04 | -00:00:14 | 1 day 02:03:04 | 00:01:00 | 1 day 02:03:04 | 05:00:00 | 10 days | -00:00:14 | 10 days | 00:01:00 | 10 days | 05:00:00 | 10 days | 1 day 02:03:04 | 3 mons | -00:00:14 | 3 mons | 00:01:00 | 3 mons | 05:00:00 | 3 mons | 1 day 02:03:04 | 3 mons | 10 days | 5 mons | -00:00:14 | 5 mons | 00:01:00 | 5 mons | 05:00:00 | 5 mons | 1 day 02:03:04 | 5 mons | 10 days | 5 mons | 3 mons | 5 mons 12:00:00 | -00:00:14 | 5 mons 12:00:00 | 00:01:00 | 5 mons 12:00:00 | 05:00:00 | 5 mons 12:00:00 | 1 day 02:03:04 | 5 mons 12:00:00 | 10 days | 5 mons 12:00:00 | 3 mons | 5 mons 12:00:00 | 5 mons | 6 years | -00:00:14 | 6 years | 00:01:00 | 6 years | 05:00:00 | 6 years | 1 day 02:03:04 | 6 years | 10 days | 6 years | 3 mons | 6 years | 5 mons | 6 years | 5 mons 12:00:00 | 34 years | -00:00:14 | 34 years | 00:01:00 | 34 years | 05:00:00 | 34 years | 1 day 02:03:04 | 34 years | 10 days | 34 years | 3 mons | 34 years | 5 mons | 34 years | 5 mons 12:00:00 | 34 years | 6 years (45 rows) -- Test intervals that are large enough to overflow 64 bits in comparisons CREATE TEMP TABLE INTERVAL_TBL_OF (f1 interval); INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL_OF (f1) VALUES ('2147483647 days 2147483647 months'), ('2147483647 days -2147483648 months'), ('1 year'), ('-2147483648 days 2147483647 months'), ('-2147483648 days -2147483648 months'); -- these should fail as out-of-range INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL_OF (f1) VALUES ('2147483648 days'); ERROR: interval field value out of range: "2147483648 days" LINE 1: INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL_OF (f1) VALUES ('2147483648 days'); ^ INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL_OF (f1) VALUES ('-2147483649 days'); ERROR: interval field value out of range: "-2147483649 days" LINE 1: INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL_OF (f1) VALUES ('-2147483649 days')... ^ INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL_OF (f1) VALUES ('2147483647 years'); ERROR: interval out of range LINE 1: INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL_OF (f1) VALUES ('2147483647 years')... ^ INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL_OF (f1) VALUES ('-2147483648 years'); ERROR: interval out of range LINE 1: INSERT INTO INTERVAL_TBL_OF (f1) VALUES ('-2147483648 years'... ^ -- Test edge-case overflow detection in interval multiplication select extract(epoch from '256 microseconds'::interval * (2^55)::float8); ERROR: interval out of range SELECT r1.*, r2.* FROM INTERVAL_TBL_OF r1, INTERVAL_TBL_OF r2 WHERE r1.f1 > r2.f1 ORDER BY r1.f1, r2.f1; f1 | f1 -------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------- -178956970 years -8 mons +2147483647 days | -178956970 years -8 mons -2147483648 days 1 year | -178956970 years -8 mons -2147483648 days 1 year | -178956970 years -8 mons +2147483647 days 178956970 years 7 mons -2147483648 days | -178956970 years -8 mons -2147483648 days 178956970 years 7 mons -2147483648 days | -178956970 years -8 mons +2147483647 days 178956970 years 7 mons -2147483648 days | 1 year 178956970 years 7 mons 2147483647 days | -178956970 years -8 mons -2147483648 days 178956970 years 7 mons 2147483647 days | -178956970 years -8 mons +2147483647 days 178956970 years 7 mons 2147483647 days | 1 year 178956970 years 7 mons 2147483647 days | 178956970 years 7 mons -2147483648 days (10 rows) CREATE INDEX ON INTERVAL_TBL_OF USING btree (f1); SET enable_seqscan TO false; EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT f1 FROM INTERVAL_TBL_OF r1 ORDER BY f1; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------- Index Only Scan using interval_tbl_of_f1_idx on interval_tbl_of r1 (1 row) SELECT f1 FROM INTERVAL_TBL_OF r1 ORDER BY f1; f1 ------------------------------------------- -178956970 years -8 mons -2147483648 days -178956970 years -8 mons +2147483647 days 1 year 178956970 years 7 mons -2147483648 days 178956970 years 7 mons 2147483647 days (5 rows) RESET enable_seqscan; DROP TABLE INTERVAL_TBL_OF; -- Test multiplication and division with intervals. -- Floating point arithmetic rounding errors can lead to unexpected results, -- though the code attempts to do the right thing and round up to days and -- minutes to avoid results such as '3 days 24:00 hours' or '14:20:60'. -- Note that it is expected for some day components to be greater than 29 and -- some time components be greater than 23:59:59 due to how intervals are -- stored internally. CREATE TABLE INTERVAL_MULDIV_TBL (span interval); COPY INTERVAL_MULDIV_TBL FROM STDIN; SELECT span * 0.3 AS product FROM INTERVAL_MULDIV_TBL; product ------------------------------------ 1 year 12 days 122:24:00 -1 years -12 days +93:36:00 -3 days -14:24:00 2 mons 13 days 01:22:28.8 -10 mons +120 days 37:28:21.6567 1 mon 6 days 4 mons 6 days 24 years 11 mons 320 days 16:48:00 (8 rows) SELECT span * 8.2 AS product FROM INTERVAL_MULDIV_TBL; product --------------------------------------------- 28 years 104 days 2961:36:00 -28 years -104 days +2942:24:00 -98 days -09:36:00 6 years 1 mon -197 days +93:34:27.2 -24 years -7 mons +3946 days 640:15:11.9498 2 years 8 mons 24 days 9 years 6 mons 24 days 682 years 7 mons 8215 days 19:12:00 (8 rows) SELECT span / 10 AS quotient FROM INTERVAL_MULDIV_TBL; quotient ---------------------------------- 4 mons 4 days 40:48:00 -4 mons -4 days +31:12:00 -1 days -04:48:00 25 days -15:32:30.4 -3 mons +30 days 12:29:27.2189 12 days 1 mon 12 days 8 years 3 mons 126 days 21:36:00 (8 rows) SELECT span / 100 AS quotient FROM INTERVAL_MULDIV_TBL; quotient ------------------------- 12 days 13:40:48 -12 days -06:28:48 -02:52:48 2 days 10:26:44.96 -6 days +01:14:56.72189 1 day 04:48:00 4 days 04:48:00 9 mons 39 days 16:33:36 (8 rows) DROP TABLE INTERVAL_MULDIV_TBL; SET DATESTYLE = 'postgres'; SET IntervalStyle to postgres_verbose; SELECT '' AS ten, * FROM INTERVAL_TBL; ten | f1 -----+------------------------------- | @ 1 min | @ 5 hours | @ 10 days | @ 34 years | @ 3 mons | @ 14 secs ago | @ 1 day 2 hours 3 mins 4 secs | @ 6 years | @ 5 mons | @ 5 mons 12 hours (10 rows) -- test avg(interval), which is somewhat fragile since people have been -- known to change the allowed input syntax for type interval without -- updating pg_aggregate.agginitval select avg(f1) from interval_tbl; avg ------------------------------------------------- @ 4 years 1 mon 10 days 4 hours 18 mins 23 secs (1 row) -- test long interval input select '4 millenniums 5 centuries 4 decades 1 year 4 months 4 days 17 minutes 31 seconds'::interval; interval -------------------------------------------- @ 4541 years 4 mons 4 days 17 mins 31 secs (1 row) -- test long interval output -- Note: the actual maximum length of the interval output is longer, -- but we need the test to work for both integer and floating-point -- timestamps. select '100000000y 10mon -1000000000d -100000h -10min -10.000001s ago'::interval; interval --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- @ 100000000 years 10 mons -1000000000 days -100000 hours -10 mins -10.000001 secs ago (1 row) -- test justify_hours() and justify_days() SELECT justify_hours(interval '6 months 3 days 52 hours 3 minutes 2 seconds') as "6 mons 5 days 4 hours 3 mins 2 seconds"; 6 mons 5 days 4 hours 3 mins 2 seconds ---------------------------------------- @ 6 mons 5 days 4 hours 3 mins 2 secs (1 row) SELECT justify_days(interval '6 months 36 days 5 hours 4 minutes 3 seconds') as "7 mons 6 days 5 hours 4 mins 3 seconds"; 7 mons 6 days 5 hours 4 mins 3 seconds ---------------------------------------- @ 7 mons 6 days 5 hours 4 mins 3 secs (1 row) -- test justify_interval() SELECT justify_interval(interval '1 month -1 hour') as "1 month -1 hour"; 1 month -1 hour -------------------- @ 29 days 23 hours (1 row) -- test fractional second input, and detection of duplicate units SET DATESTYLE = 'ISO'; SET IntervalStyle TO postgres; SELECT '1 millisecond'::interval, '1 microsecond'::interval, '500 seconds 99 milliseconds 51 microseconds'::interval; interval | interval | interval --------------+-----------------+----------------- 00:00:00.001 | 00:00:00.000001 | 00:08:20.099051 (1 row) SELECT '3 days 5 milliseconds'::interval; interval --------------------- 3 days 00:00:00.005 (1 row) SELECT '1 second 2 seconds'::interval; -- error ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1 second 2 seconds" LINE 1: SELECT '1 second 2 seconds'::interval; ^ SELECT '10 milliseconds 20 milliseconds'::interval; -- error ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "10 milliseconds 20 milliseconds" LINE 1: SELECT '10 milliseconds 20 milliseconds'::interval; ^ SELECT '5.5 seconds 3 milliseconds'::interval; -- error ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "5.5 seconds 3 milliseconds" LINE 1: SELECT '5.5 seconds 3 milliseconds'::interval; ^ SELECT '1:20:05 5 microseconds'::interval; -- error ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1:20:05 5 microseconds" LINE 1: SELECT '1:20:05 5 microseconds'::interval; ^ SELECT '1 day 1 day'::interval; -- error ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1 day 1 day" LINE 1: SELECT '1 day 1 day'::interval; ^ SELECT interval '1-2'; -- SQL year-month literal interval --------------- 1 year 2 mons (1 row) SELECT interval '999' second; -- oversize leading field is ok interval ---------- 00:16:39 (1 row) SELECT interval '999' minute; interval ---------- 16:39:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '999' hour; interval ----------- 999:00:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '999' day; interval ---------- 999 days (1 row) SELECT interval '999' month; interval ----------------- 83 years 3 mons (1 row) -- test SQL-spec syntaxes for restricted field sets SELECT interval '1' year; interval ---------- 1 year (1 row) SELECT interval '2' month; interval ---------- 2 mons (1 row) SELECT interval '3' day; interval ---------- 3 days (1 row) SELECT interval '4' hour; interval ---------- 04:00:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '5' minute; interval ---------- 00:05:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '6' second; interval ---------- 00:00:06 (1 row) SELECT interval '1' year to month; interval ---------- 1 mon (1 row) SELECT interval '1-2' year to month; interval --------------- 1 year 2 mons (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2' day to hour; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:00:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03' day to hour; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:00:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03:04' day to hour; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:00:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2' day to minute; ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1 2" LINE 1: SELECT interval '1 2' day to minute; ^ SELECT interval '1 2:03' day to minute; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03:04' day to minute; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2' day to second; ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1 2" LINE 1: SELECT interval '1 2' day to second; ^ SELECT interval '1 2:03' day to second; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03:04' day to second; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:04 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2' hour to minute; ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1 2" LINE 1: SELECT interval '1 2' hour to minute; ^ SELECT interval '1 2:03' hour to minute; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03:04' hour to minute; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2' hour to second; ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1 2" LINE 1: SELECT interval '1 2' hour to second; ^ SELECT interval '1 2:03' hour to second; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03:04' hour to second; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:04 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2' minute to second; ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1 2" LINE 1: SELECT interval '1 2' minute to second; ^ SELECT interval '1 2:03' minute to second; interval ---------------- 1 day 00:02:03 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03:04' minute to second; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:04 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 +2:03' minute to second; interval ---------------- 1 day 00:02:03 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 +2:03:04' minute to second; interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:04 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 -2:03' minute to second; interval ----------------- 1 day -00:02:03 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 -2:03:04' minute to second; interval ----------------- 1 day -02:03:04 (1 row) SELECT interval '123 11' day to hour; -- ok interval ------------------- 123 days 11:00:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '123 11' day; -- not ok ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "123 11" LINE 1: SELECT interval '123 11' day; ^ SELECT interval '123 11'; -- not ok, too ambiguous ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "123 11" LINE 1: SELECT interval '123 11'; ^ SELECT interval '123 2:03 -2:04'; -- not ok, redundant hh:mm fields ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "123 2:03 -2:04" LINE 1: SELECT interval '123 2:03 -2:04'; ^ -- test syntaxes for restricted precision SELECT interval(0) '1 day 01:23:45.6789'; interval ---------------- 1 day 01:23:46 (1 row) SELECT interval(2) '1 day 01:23:45.6789'; interval ------------------- 1 day 01:23:45.68 (1 row) SELECT interval '12:34.5678' minute to second(2); -- per SQL spec interval ------------- 00:12:34.57 (1 row) SELECT interval '1.234' second; interval -------------- 00:00:01.234 (1 row) SELECT interval '1.234' second(2); interval ------------- 00:00:01.23 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2.345' day to second(2); ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1 2.345" LINE 1: SELECT interval '1 2.345' day to second(2); ^ SELECT interval '1 2:03' day to second(2); interval ---------------- 1 day 02:03:00 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03.4567' day to second(2); interval ------------------- 1 day 00:02:03.46 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03:04.5678' day to second(2); interval ------------------- 1 day 02:03:04.57 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2.345' hour to second(2); ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1 2.345" LINE 1: SELECT interval '1 2.345' hour to second(2); ^ SELECT interval '1 2:03.45678' hour to second(2); interval ------------------- 1 day 00:02:03.46 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03:04.5678' hour to second(2); interval ------------------- 1 day 02:03:04.57 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2.3456' minute to second(2); ERROR: invalid input syntax for type interval: "1 2.3456" LINE 1: SELECT interval '1 2.3456' minute to second(2); ^ SELECT interval '1 2:03.5678' minute to second(2); interval ------------------- 1 day 00:02:03.57 (1 row) SELECT interval '1 2:03:04.5678' minute to second(2); interval ------------------- 1 day 02:03:04.57 (1 row) -- test casting to restricted precision (bug #14479) SELECT f1, f1::INTERVAL DAY TO MINUTE AS "minutes", (f1 + INTERVAL '1 month')::INTERVAL MONTH::INTERVAL YEAR AS "years" FROM interval_tbl; f1 | minutes | years -----------------+-----------------+---------- 00:01:00 | 00:01:00 | 00:00:00 05:00:00 | 05:00:00 | 00:00:00 10 days | 10 days | 00:00:00 34 years | 34 years | 34 years 3 mons | 3 mons | 00:00:00 -00:00:14 | 00:00:00 | 00:00:00 1 day 02:03:04 | 1 day 02:03:00 | 00:00:00 6 years | 6 years | 6 years 5 mons | 5 mons | 00:00:00 5 mons 12:00:00 | 5 mons 12:00:00 | 00:00:00 (10 rows) -- test inputting and outputting SQL standard interval literals SET IntervalStyle TO sql_standard; SELECT interval '0' AS "zero", interval '1-2' year to month AS "year-month", interval '1 2:03:04' day to second AS "day-time", - interval '1-2' AS "negative year-month", - interval '1 2:03:04' AS "negative day-time"; zero | year-month | day-time | negative year-month | negative day-time ------+------------+-----------+---------------------+------------------- 0 | 1-2 | 1 2:03:04 | -1-2 | -1 2:03:04 (1 row) -- test input of some not-quite-standard interval values in the sql style SET IntervalStyle TO postgres; SELECT interval '+1 -1:00:00', interval '-1 +1:00:00', interval '+1-2 -3 +4:05:06.789', interval '-1-2 +3 -4:05:06.789'; interval | interval | interval | interval -----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------- 1 day -01:00:00 | -1 days +01:00:00 | 1 year 2 mons -3 days +04:05:06.789 | -1 years -2 mons +3 days -04:05:06.789 (1 row) -- test output of couple non-standard interval values in the sql style SET IntervalStyle TO sql_standard; SELECT interval '1 day -1 hours', interval '-1 days +1 hours', interval '1 years 2 months -3 days 4 hours 5 minutes 6.789 seconds', - interval '1 years 2 months -3 days 4 hours 5 minutes 6.789 seconds'; interval | interval | interval | ?column? ------------------+------------------+----------------------+---------------------- +0-0 +1 -1:00:00 | +0-0 -1 +1:00:00 | +1-2 -3 +4:05:06.789 | -1-2 +3 -4:05:06.789 (1 row) -- test outputting iso8601 intervals SET IntervalStyle to iso_8601; select interval '0' AS "zero", interval '1-2' AS "a year 2 months", interval '1 2:03:04' AS "a bit over a day", interval '2:03:04.45679' AS "a bit over 2 hours", (interval '1-2' + interval '3 4:05:06.7') AS "all fields", (interval '1-2' - interval '3 4:05:06.7') AS "mixed sign", (- interval '1-2' + interval '3 4:05:06.7') AS "negative"; zero | a year 2 months | a bit over a day | a bit over 2 hours | all fields | mixed sign | negative ------+-----------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------+----------------------+-------------------- PT0S | P1Y2M | P1DT2H3M4S | PT2H3M4.45679S | P1Y2M3DT4H5M6.7S | P1Y2M-3DT-4H-5M-6.7S | P-1Y-2M3DT4H5M6.7S (1 row) -- test inputting ISO 8601 4.4.2.1 "Format With Time Unit Designators" SET IntervalStyle to sql_standard; select interval 'P0Y' AS "zero", interval 'P1Y2M' AS "a year 2 months", interval 'P1W' AS "a week", interval 'P1DT2H3M4S' AS "a bit over a day", interval 'P1Y2M3DT4H5M6.7S' AS "all fields", interval 'P-1Y-2M-3DT-4H-5M-6.7S' AS "negative", interval 'PT-0.1S' AS "fractional second"; zero | a year 2 months | a week | a bit over a day | all fields | negative | fractional second ------+-----------------+-----------+------------------+--------------------+--------------------+------------------- 0 | 1-2 | 7 0:00:00 | 1 2:03:04 | +1-2 +3 +4:05:06.7 | -1-2 -3 -4:05:06.7 | -0:00:00.1 (1 row) -- test inputting ISO 8601 4.4.2.2 "Alternative Format" SET IntervalStyle to postgres; select interval 'P00021015T103020' AS "ISO8601 Basic Format", interval 'P0002-10-15T10:30:20' AS "ISO8601 Extended Format"; ISO8601 Basic Format | ISO8601 Extended Format ----------------------------------+---------------------------------- 2 years 10 mons 15 days 10:30:20 | 2 years 10 mons 15 days 10:30:20 (1 row) -- Make sure optional ISO8601 alternative format fields are optional. select interval 'P0002' AS "year only", interval 'P0002-10' AS "year month", interval 'P0002-10-15' AS "year month day", interval 'P0002T1S' AS "year only plus time", interval 'P0002-10T1S' AS "year month plus time", interval 'P0002-10-15T1S' AS "year month day plus time", interval 'PT10' AS "hour only", interval 'PT10:30' AS "hour minute"; year only | year month | year month day | year only plus time | year month plus time | year month day plus time | hour only | hour minute -----------+-----------------+-------------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+----------------------------------+-----------+------------- 2 years | 2 years 10 mons | 2 years 10 mons 15 days | 2 years 00:00:01 | 2 years 10 mons 00:00:01 | 2 years 10 mons 15 days 00:00:01 | 10:00:00 | 10:30:00 (1 row) -- test a couple rounding cases that changed since 8.3 w/ HAVE_INT64_TIMESTAMP. SET IntervalStyle to postgres_verbose; select interval '-10 mons -3 days +03:55:06.70'; interval -------------------------------------------------- @ 10 mons 3 days -3 hours -55 mins -6.7 secs ago (1 row) select interval '1 year 2 mons 3 days 04:05:06.699999'; interval ----------------------------------------------------- @ 1 year 2 mons 3 days 4 hours 5 mins 6.699999 secs (1 row) select interval '0:0:0.7', interval '@ 0.70 secs', interval '0.7 seconds'; interval | interval | interval ------------+------------+------------ @ 0.7 secs | @ 0.7 secs | @ 0.7 secs (1 row) -- check that '30 days' equals '1 month' according to the hash function select '30 days'::interval = '1 month'::interval as t; t --- t (1 row) select interval_hash('30 days'::interval) = interval_hash('1 month'::interval) as t; t --- t (1 row) -- numeric constructor select make_interval(years := 2); make_interval --------------- @ 2 years (1 row) select make_interval(years := 1, months := 6); make_interval ----------------- @ 1 year 6 mons (1 row) select make_interval(years := 1, months := -1, weeks := 5, days := -7, hours := 25, mins := -180); make_interval ---------------------------- @ 11 mons 28 days 22 hours (1 row) select make_interval() = make_interval(years := 0, months := 0, weeks := 0, days := 0, mins := 0, secs := 0.0); ?column? ---------- t (1 row) select make_interval(hours := -2, mins := -10, secs := -25.3); make_interval --------------------------------- @ 2 hours 10 mins 25.3 secs ago (1 row) select make_interval(years := 'inf'::float::int); ERROR: integer out of range select make_interval(months := 'NaN'::float::int); ERROR: integer out of range select make_interval(secs := 'inf'); ERROR: interval out of range select make_interval(secs := 'NaN'); ERROR: interval out of range select make_interval(secs := 7e12); make_interval ------------------------------------ @ 1944444444 hours 26 mins 40 secs (1 row)