summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/src/test/isolation/specs/eval-plan-qual-trigger.spec
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-04 12:15:05 +0000
committerDaniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>2024-05-04 12:15:05 +0000
commit46651ce6fe013220ed397add242004d764fc0153 (patch)
tree6e5299f990f88e60174a1d3ae6e48eedd2688b2b /src/test/isolation/specs/eval-plan-qual-trigger.spec
parentInitial commit. (diff)
downloadpostgresql-14-46651ce6fe013220ed397add242004d764fc0153.tar.xz
postgresql-14-46651ce6fe013220ed397add242004d764fc0153.zip
Adding upstream version 14.5.upstream/14.5upstream
Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'src/test/isolation/specs/eval-plan-qual-trigger.spec')
-rw-r--r--src/test/isolation/specs/eval-plan-qual-trigger.spec410
1 files changed, 410 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/test/isolation/specs/eval-plan-qual-trigger.spec b/src/test/isolation/specs/eval-plan-qual-trigger.spec
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b512edd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/isolation/specs/eval-plan-qual-trigger.spec
@@ -0,0 +1,410 @@
+setup
+{
+ CREATE TABLE trigtest(key text primary key, data text);
+
+ CREATE FUNCTION noisy_oper(p_comment text, p_a anynonarray, p_op text, p_b anynonarray)
+ RETURNS bool LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $body$
+ DECLARE
+ r bool;
+ BEGIN
+ EXECUTE format('SELECT $1 %s $2', p_op) INTO r USING p_a, p_b;
+ RAISE NOTICE '%: % % % % %: %', p_comment, pg_typeof(p_a), p_a, p_op, pg_typeof(p_b), p_b, r;
+ RETURN r;
+ END;$body$;
+
+ CREATE FUNCTION trig_report() RETURNS TRIGGER LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $body$
+ DECLARE
+ r_new text;
+ r_old text;
+ r_ret record;
+ BEGIN
+ -- In older releases it wasn't allowed to reference OLD/NEW
+ -- when not applicable for TG_WHEN
+ IF TG_OP = 'INSERT' THEN
+ r_old = NULL;
+ r_new = NEW;
+ r_ret = NEW;
+ ELSIF TG_OP = 'DELETE' THEN
+ r_old = OLD;
+ r_new = NULL;
+ r_ret = OLD;
+ ELSIF TG_OP = 'UPDATE' THEN
+ r_old = OLD;
+ r_new = NEW;
+ r_ret = NEW;
+ END IF;
+
+ IF TG_WHEN = 'AFTER' THEN
+ r_ret = NULL;
+ END IF;
+
+ RAISE NOTICE 'trigger: name %; when: %; lev: %s; op: %; old: % new: %',
+ TG_NAME, TG_WHEN, TG_LEVEL, TG_OP, r_old, r_new;
+
+ RETURN r_ret;
+ END;
+ $body$;
+}
+
+teardown
+{
+ DROP TABLE trigtest;
+ DROP FUNCTION noisy_oper(text, anynonarray, text, anynonarray);
+ DROP FUNCTION trig_report();
+}
+
+
+session s0
+step s0_rep { SELECT * FROM trigtest ORDER BY key, data }
+
+session s1
+#setup { }
+step s1_b_rc { BEGIN ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED; SELECT 1; }
+step s1_b_rr { BEGIN ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ; SELECT 1; }
+step s1_c { COMMIT; }
+step s1_r { ROLLBACK; }
+step s1_trig_rep_b_i { CREATE TRIGGER rep_b_i BEFORE INSERT ON trigtest FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trig_report(); }
+step s1_trig_rep_a_i { CREATE TRIGGER rep_a_i AFTER INSERT ON trigtest FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trig_report(); }
+step s1_trig_rep_b_u { CREATE TRIGGER rep_b_u BEFORE UPDATE ON trigtest FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trig_report(); }
+step s1_trig_rep_a_u { CREATE TRIGGER rep_a_u AFTER UPDATE ON trigtest FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trig_report(); }
+step s1_trig_rep_b_d { CREATE TRIGGER rep_b_d BEFORE DELETE ON trigtest FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trig_report(); }
+step s1_trig_rep_a_d { CREATE TRIGGER rep_a_d AFTER DELETE ON trigtest FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE trig_report(); }
+step s1_ins_a { INSERT INTO trigtest VALUES ('key-a', 'val-a-s1') RETURNING *; }
+step s1_ins_b { INSERT INTO trigtest VALUES ('key-b', 'val-b-s1') RETURNING *; }
+step s1_ins_c { INSERT INTO trigtest VALUES ('key-c', 'val-c-s1') RETURNING *; }
+step s1_del_a {
+ DELETE FROM trigtest
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', key, '=', 'key-a') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *
+}
+step s1_del_b {
+ DELETE FROM trigtest
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', key, '=', 'key-b') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *
+}
+step s1_upd_a_data {
+ UPDATE trigtest SET data = data || '-ups1'
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', key, '=', 'key-a') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *;
+}
+step s1_upd_b_data {
+ UPDATE trigtest SET data = data || '-ups1'
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', key, '=', 'key-b') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *;
+}
+step s1_upd_a_tob {
+ UPDATE trigtest SET key = 'key-b', data = data || '-tobs1'
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upk', key, '=', 'key-a') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *;
+}
+
+session s2
+#setup { }
+step s2_b_rc { BEGIN ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED; SELECT 1; }
+step s2_b_rr { BEGIN ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ; SELECT 1; }
+step s2_c { COMMIT; }
+step s2_r { ROLLBACK; }
+step s2_ins_a { INSERT INTO trigtest VALUES ('key-a', 'val-a-s2') RETURNING *; }
+step s2_del_a {
+ DELETE FROM trigtest
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', key, '=', 'key-a') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *
+}
+step s2_upd_a_data {
+ UPDATE trigtest SET data = data || '-ups2'
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', key, '=', 'key-a') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *;
+}
+step s2_upd_b_data {
+ UPDATE trigtest SET data = data || '-ups2'
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', key, '=', 'key-b') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *;
+}
+step s2_upd_all_data {
+ UPDATE trigtest SET data = data || '-ups2'
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', key, '<>', 'mismatch') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *;
+}
+step s2_upsert_a_data {
+ INSERT INTO trigtest VALUES ('key-a', 'val-a-upss2')
+ ON CONFLICT (key)
+ DO UPDATE SET data = trigtest.data || '-upserts2'
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', trigtest.key, '=', 'key-a') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', trigtest.data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *;
+}
+
+session s3
+#setup { }
+step s3_b_rc { BEGIN ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED; SELECT 1; }
+step s3_c { COMMIT; }
+step s3_r { ROLLBACK; }
+step s3_del_a {
+ DELETE FROM trigtest
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', key, '=', 'key-a') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *
+}
+step s3_upd_a_data {
+ UPDATE trigtest SET data = data || '-ups3'
+ WHERE
+ noisy_oper('upd', key, '=', 'key-a') AND
+ noisy_oper('upk', data, '<>', 'mismatch')
+ RETURNING *;
+}
+
+### base case verifying that triggers see performed modifications
+# s1 updates, s1 commits, s2 updates
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s1_c s2_upd_a_data s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s1 rolls back, s2 updates
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s1_r s2_upd_a_data s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s1 commits back, s2 deletes
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s1_c s2_del_a s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s1 rolls back back, s2 deletes
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s1_r s2_del_a s2_c
+ s0_rep
+
+### Verify EPQ is performed if necessary, and skipped if transaction rolled back
+# s1 updates, s2 updates, s1 commits, EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_upd_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s2 updates, s1 rolls back, no EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_upd_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s2 deletes, s1 commits, EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_upd_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s2 deletes, s1 rolls back, no EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_upd_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 updates, s1 commits, EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_del_a s2_upd_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 updates, s1 rolls back, no EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_del_a s2_upd_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 inserts, s2 inserts, s1 commits, s2 inserts, unique conflict
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d
+ s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_ins_a s2_ins_a s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 inserts, s2 inserts, s1 rolls back, s2 inserts, no unique conflict
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d
+ s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_ins_a s2_ins_a s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s2 upserts, s1 commits, EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_upsert_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s2 upserts, s1 rolls back, no EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_upsert_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 inserts, s2 upserts, s1 commits
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_ins_a s2_upsert_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 inserts, s2 upserts, s1 rolls back
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_ins_a s2_upsert_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 inserts, s2 upserts, s1 updates, s1 commits, EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_ins_a s1_upd_a_data s2_upsert_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 inserts, s2 upserts, s1 updates, s1 rolls back, no EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_ins_a s1_upd_a_data s2_upsert_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+
+### Verify EPQ is performed if necessary, and skipped if transaction rolled back,
+### just without before triggers (for comparison, no additional row locks)
+# s1 updates, s2 updates, s1 commits, EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_upd_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s2 updates, s1 rolls back, no EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_upd_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s2 deletes, s1 commits, EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_del_a s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s2 deletes, s1 rolls back, no EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_del_a s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 updates, s1 commits, EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_del_a s2_upd_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 updates, s1 rolls back, no EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_del_a s2_upd_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 deletes, s1 commits, EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_a_d
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_del_a s2_del_a s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 deletes, s1 rolls back, no EPQ
+permutation s1_trig_rep_a_d
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_del_a s2_del_a s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+
+### Verify that an update affecting a row that has been
+### updated/deleted to not match the where clause anymore works
+### correctly
+# s1 updates to different key, s2 updates old key, s1 commits, EPQ failure should lead to no update
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_c s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_tob s2_upd_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates to different key, s2 updates old key, s1 rolls back, no EPQ failure
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_c s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_tob s2_upd_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates to different key, s2 updates new key, s1 commits, s2 will
+# not see tuple with new key and not block
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_c s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_tob s2_upd_b_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates to different key, s2 updates all keys, s1 commits, s2,
+# will not see tuple with old key, but block on old, and then follow
+# the chain
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_c s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_upd_a_tob s2_upd_all_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 updates, s1 committs, EPQ failure should lead to no update
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_c s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_del_a s2_upd_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 updates, s1 rolls back, no EPQ failure
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_c s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_del_a s2_upd_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 deletes, s1 committs, EPQ failure should lead to no delete
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_a_d
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_c s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_del_a s2_del_a s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 deletes, s1 rolls back, no EPQ failure
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_a_d
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_c s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_del_a s2_del_a s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+
+### Verify EPQ with more than two participants works
+## XXX: Disable tests, there is some potential for instability here that's not yet fully understood
+## s1 updates, s2 updates, s3 updates, s1 commits, s2 EPQ, s2 commits, s3 EPQ
+#permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+# s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc s3_b_rc
+# s1_upd_a_data s2_upd_a_data s3_upd_a_data s1_c s2_c s3_c
+# s0_rep
+## s1 updates, s2 updates, s3 updates, s1 commits, s2 EPQ, s2 rolls back, s3 EPQ
+#permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+# s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc s3_b_rc
+# s1_upd_a_data s2_upd_a_data s3_upd_a_data s1_c s2_r s3_c
+# s0_rep
+## s1 updates, s3 updates, s2 upserts, s1 updates, s1 commits, s3 EPQ, s3 deletes, s3 commits, s2 inserts without EPQ recheck
+#permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+# s1_ins_a s1_b_rc s2_b_rc s3_b_rc
+# s1_upd_a_data s3_upd_a_data s2_upsert_a_data s1_upd_a_data s1_c s3_del_a s3_c s2_c
+# s0_rep
+## s1 updates, s3 updates, s2 upserts, s1 updates, s1 commits, s3 EPQ, s3 deletes, s3 rolls back, s2 EPQ
+#permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+# s1_ins_a s1_b_rc s2_b_rc s3_b_rc
+# s1_upd_a_data s3_upd_a_data s2_upsert_a_data s1_upd_a_data s1_c s3_del_a s3_r s2_c
+# s0_rep
+
+### Document that EPQ doesn't "leap" onto a tuple that would match after blocking
+# s1 inserts a, s1 updates b, s2 updates b, s1 deletes b, s1 updates a to b, s1 commits, s2 EPQ finds tuple deleted
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_i s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_i s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_b s1_b_rc s2_b_rc
+ s1_ins_a s1_upd_b_data s2_upd_b_data s1_del_b s1_upd_a_tob s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+
+### Triggers for EPQ detect serialization failures
+# s1 updates, s2 updates, s1 commits, serialization failure
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rr s2_b_rr
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_upd_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 updates, s2 updates, s1 rolls back, s2 succeeds
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rr s2_b_rr
+ s1_upd_a_data s2_upd_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 updates, s1 commits, serialization failure
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rr s2_b_rr
+ s1_del_a s2_upd_a_data s1_c s2_c
+ s0_rep
+# s1 deletes, s2 updates, s1 rolls back, s2 succeeds
+permutation s1_trig_rep_b_d s1_trig_rep_b_u s1_trig_rep_a_d s1_trig_rep_a_u
+ s1_ins_a s1_ins_b s1_b_rr s2_b_rr
+ s1_del_a s2_upd_a_data s1_r s2_c
+ s0_rep