diff options
Diffstat (limited to '')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/src/sgml/man1/vacuumdb.1 | 583 |
1 files changed, 583 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/man1/vacuumdb.1 b/doc/src/sgml/man1/vacuumdb.1 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..481d299 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/src/sgml/man1/vacuumdb.1 @@ -0,0 +1,583 @@ +'\" t +.\" Title: vacuumdb +.\" Author: The PostgreSQL Global Development Group +.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/> +.\" Date: 2022 +.\" Manual: PostgreSQL 14.5 Documentation +.\" Source: PostgreSQL 14.5 +.\" Language: English +.\" +.TH "VACUUMDB" "1" "2022" "PostgreSQL 14.5" "PostgreSQL 14.5 Documentation" +.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- +.\" * Define some portability stuff +.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- +.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673 +.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html +.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq +.el .ds Aq ' +.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- +.\" * set default formatting +.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- +.\" disable hyphenation +.nh +.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only) +.ad l +.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- +.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * +.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- +.SH "NAME" +vacuumdb \- garbage\-collect and analyze a PostgreSQL database +.SH "SYNOPSIS" +.HP \w'\fBvacuumdb\fR\ 'u +\fBvacuumdb\fR [\fIconnection\-option\fR...] [\fIoption\fR...] [\ \fB\-t\fR\ |\ \fB\-\-table\fR\ \fItable\fR\ [(\ \fIcolumn\fR\ [,\&.\&.\&.]\ )]\ ]... [\fIdbname\fR] +.HP \w'\fBvacuumdb\fR\ 'u +\fBvacuumdb\fR [\fIconnection\-option\fR...] [\fIoption\fR...] \fB\-a\fR | \fB\-\-all\fR +.SH "DESCRIPTION" +.PP +vacuumdb +is a utility for cleaning a +PostgreSQL +database\&. +vacuumdb +will also generate internal statistics used by the +PostgreSQL +query optimizer\&. +.PP +vacuumdb +is a wrapper around the SQL command +\fBVACUUM\fR\&. There is no effective difference between vacuuming and analyzing databases via this utility and via other methods for accessing the server\&. +.SH "OPTIONS" +.PP +vacuumdb +accepts the following command\-line arguments: +.PP +\fB\-a\fR +.br +\fB\-\-all\fR +.RS 4 +Vacuum all databases\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB[\-d]\fR\fB \fR\fB\fIdbname\fR\fR +.br +\fB[\-\-dbname=]\fR\fB\fIdbname\fR\fR +.RS 4 +Specifies the name of the database to be cleaned or analyzed, when +\fB\-a\fR/\fB\-\-all\fR +is not used\&. If this is not specified, the database name is read from the environment variable +\fBPGDATABASE\fR\&. If that is not set, the user name specified for the connection is used\&. The +\fIdbname\fR +can be a +connection string\&. If so, connection string parameters will override any conflicting command line options\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-\-disable\-page\-skipping\fR +.RS 4 +Disable skipping pages based on the contents of the visibility map\&. +.if n \{\ +.sp +.\} +.RS 4 +.it 1 an-trap +.nr an-no-space-flag 1 +.nr an-break-flag 1 +.br +.ps +1 +\fBNote\fR +.ps -1 +.br +This option is only available for servers running +PostgreSQL +9\&.6 and later\&. +.sp .5v +.RE +.RE +.PP +\fB\-e\fR +.br +\fB\-\-echo\fR +.RS 4 +Echo the commands that +vacuumdb +generates and sends to the server\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-f\fR +.br +\fB\-\-full\fR +.RS 4 +Perform +\(lqfull\(rq +vacuuming\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-F\fR +.br +\fB\-\-freeze\fR +.RS 4 +Aggressively +\(lqfreeze\(rq +tuples\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-\-force\-index\-cleanup\fR +.RS 4 +Always remove index entries pointing to dead tuples\&. +.if n \{\ +.sp +.\} +.RS 4 +.it 1 an-trap +.nr an-no-space-flag 1 +.nr an-break-flag 1 +.br +.ps +1 +\fBNote\fR +.ps -1 +.br +This option is only available for servers running +PostgreSQL +12 and later\&. +.sp .5v +.RE +.RE +.PP +\fB\-j \fR\fB\fInjobs\fR\fR +.br +\fB\-\-jobs=\fR\fB\fInjobs\fR\fR +.RS 4 +Execute the vacuum or analyze commands in parallel by running +\fInjobs\fR +commands simultaneously\&. This option may reduce the processing time but it also increases the load on the database server\&. +.sp +vacuumdb +will open +\fInjobs\fR +connections to the database, so make sure your +max_connections +setting is high enough to accommodate all connections\&. +.sp +Note that using this mode together with the +\fB\-f\fR +(FULL) option might cause deadlock failures if certain system catalogs are processed in parallel\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-\-min\-mxid\-age \fR\fB\fImxid_age\fR\fR +.RS 4 +Only execute the vacuum or analyze commands on tables with a multixact ID age of at least +\fImxid_age\fR\&. This setting is useful for prioritizing tables to process to prevent multixact ID wraparound (see +Section\ \&25.1.5.1)\&. +.sp +For the purposes of this option, the multixact ID age of a relation is the greatest of the ages of the main relation and its associated +TOAST +table, if one exists\&. Since the commands issued by +vacuumdb +will also process the +TOAST +table for the relation if necessary, it does not need to be considered separately\&. +.if n \{\ +.sp +.\} +.RS 4 +.it 1 an-trap +.nr an-no-space-flag 1 +.nr an-break-flag 1 +.br +.ps +1 +\fBNote\fR +.ps -1 +.br +This option is only available for servers running +PostgreSQL +9\&.6 and later\&. +.sp .5v +.RE +.RE +.PP +\fB\-\-min\-xid\-age \fR\fB\fIxid_age\fR\fR +.RS 4 +Only execute the vacuum or analyze commands on tables with a transaction ID age of at least +\fIxid_age\fR\&. This setting is useful for prioritizing tables to process to prevent transaction ID wraparound (see +Section\ \&25.1.5)\&. +.sp +For the purposes of this option, the transaction ID age of a relation is the greatest of the ages of the main relation and its associated +TOAST +table, if one exists\&. Since the commands issued by +vacuumdb +will also process the +TOAST +table for the relation if necessary, it does not need to be considered separately\&. +.if n \{\ +.sp +.\} +.RS 4 +.it 1 an-trap +.nr an-no-space-flag 1 +.nr an-break-flag 1 +.br +.ps +1 +\fBNote\fR +.ps -1 +.br +This option is only available for servers running +PostgreSQL +9\&.6 and later\&. +.sp .5v +.RE +.RE +.PP +\fB\-\-no\-index\-cleanup\fR +.RS 4 +Do not remove index entries pointing to dead tuples\&. +.if n \{\ +.sp +.\} +.RS 4 +.it 1 an-trap +.nr an-no-space-flag 1 +.nr an-break-flag 1 +.br +.ps +1 +\fBNote\fR +.ps -1 +.br +This option is only available for servers running +PostgreSQL +12 and later\&. +.sp .5v +.RE +.RE +.PP +\fB\-\-no\-process\-toast\fR +.RS 4 +Skip the TOAST table associated with the table to vacuum, if any\&. +.if n \{\ +.sp +.\} +.RS 4 +.it 1 an-trap +.nr an-no-space-flag 1 +.nr an-break-flag 1 +.br +.ps +1 +\fBNote\fR +.ps -1 +.br +This option is only available for servers running +PostgreSQL +14 and later\&. +.sp .5v +.RE +.RE +.PP +\fB\-\-no\-truncate\fR +.RS 4 +Do not truncate empty pages at the end of the table\&. +.if n \{\ +.sp +.\} +.RS 4 +.it 1 an-trap +.nr an-no-space-flag 1 +.nr an-break-flag 1 +.br +.ps +1 +\fBNote\fR +.ps -1 +.br +This option is only available for servers running +PostgreSQL +12 and later\&. +.sp .5v +.RE +.RE +.PP +\fB\-P \fR\fB\fIparallel_workers\fR\fR +.br +\fB\-\-parallel=\fR\fB\fIparallel_workers\fR\fR +.RS 4 +Specify the number of parallel workers for +parallel vacuum\&. This allows the vacuum to leverage multiple CPUs to process indexes\&. See +\fBVACUUM\fR(7)\&. +.if n \{\ +.sp +.\} +.RS 4 +.it 1 an-trap +.nr an-no-space-flag 1 +.nr an-break-flag 1 +.br +.ps +1 +\fBNote\fR +.ps -1 +.br +This option is only available for servers running +PostgreSQL +13 and later\&. +.sp .5v +.RE +.RE +.PP +\fB\-q\fR +.br +\fB\-\-quiet\fR +.RS 4 +Do not display progress messages\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-\-skip\-locked\fR +.RS 4 +Skip relations that cannot be immediately locked for processing\&. +.if n \{\ +.sp +.\} +.RS 4 +.it 1 an-trap +.nr an-no-space-flag 1 +.nr an-break-flag 1 +.br +.ps +1 +\fBNote\fR +.ps -1 +.br +This option is only available for servers running +PostgreSQL +12 and later\&. +.sp .5v +.RE +.RE +.PP +\fB\-t \fR\fB\fItable\fR\fR\fB [ (\fR\fB\fIcolumn\fR\fR\fB [,\&.\&.\&.]) ]\fR +.br +\fB\-\-table=\fR\fB\fItable\fR\fR\fB [ (\fR\fB\fIcolumn\fR\fR\fB [,\&.\&.\&.]) ]\fR +.RS 4 +Clean or analyze +\fItable\fR +only\&. Column names can be specified only in conjunction with the +\fB\-\-analyze\fR +or +\fB\-\-analyze\-only\fR +options\&. Multiple tables can be vacuumed by writing multiple +\fB\-t\fR +switches\&. +.if n \{\ +.sp +.\} +.RS 4 +.it 1 an-trap +.nr an-no-space-flag 1 +.nr an-break-flag 1 +.br +.ps +1 +\fBTip\fR +.ps -1 +.br +If you specify columns, you probably have to escape the parentheses from the shell\&. (See examples below\&.) +.sp .5v +.RE +.RE +.PP +\fB\-v\fR +.br +\fB\-\-verbose\fR +.RS 4 +Print detailed information during processing\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-V\fR +.br +\fB\-\-version\fR +.RS 4 +Print the +vacuumdb +version and exit\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-z\fR +.br +\fB\-\-analyze\fR +.RS 4 +Also calculate statistics for use by the optimizer\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-Z\fR +.br +\fB\-\-analyze\-only\fR +.RS 4 +Only calculate statistics for use by the optimizer (no vacuum)\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-\-analyze\-in\-stages\fR +.RS 4 +Only calculate statistics for use by the optimizer (no vacuum), like +\fB\-\-analyze\-only\fR\&. Run several (currently three) stages of analyze with different configuration settings, to produce usable statistics faster\&. +.sp +This option is useful to analyze a database that was newly populated from a restored dump or by +\fBpg_upgrade\fR\&. This option will try to create some statistics as fast as possible, to make the database usable, and then produce full statistics in the subsequent stages\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-?\fR +.br +\fB\-\-help\fR +.RS 4 +Show help about +vacuumdb +command line arguments, and exit\&. +.RE +.PP +vacuumdb +also accepts the following command\-line arguments for connection parameters: +.PP +\fB\-h \fR\fB\fIhost\fR\fR +.br +\fB\-\-host=\fR\fB\fIhost\fR\fR +.RS 4 +Specifies the host name of the machine on which the server is running\&. If the value begins with a slash, it is used as the directory for the Unix domain socket\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-p \fR\fB\fIport\fR\fR +.br +\fB\-\-port=\fR\fB\fIport\fR\fR +.RS 4 +Specifies the TCP port or local Unix domain socket file extension on which the server is listening for connections\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-U \fR\fB\fIusername\fR\fR +.br +\fB\-\-username=\fR\fB\fIusername\fR\fR +.RS 4 +User name to connect as\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-w\fR +.br +\fB\-\-no\-password\fR +.RS 4 +Never issue a password prompt\&. If the server requires password authentication and a password is not available by other means such as a +\&.pgpass +file, the connection attempt will fail\&. This option can be useful in batch jobs and scripts where no user is present to enter a password\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-W\fR +.br +\fB\-\-password\fR +.RS 4 +Force +vacuumdb +to prompt for a password before connecting to a database\&. +.sp +This option is never essential, since +vacuumdb +will automatically prompt for a password if the server demands password authentication\&. However, +vacuumdb +will waste a connection attempt finding out that the server wants a password\&. In some cases it is worth typing +\fB\-W\fR +to avoid the extra connection attempt\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-\-maintenance\-db=\fR\fB\fIdbname\fR\fR +.RS 4 +Specifies the name of the database to connect to to discover which databases should be vacuumed, when +\fB\-a\fR/\fB\-\-all\fR +is used\&. If not specified, the +postgres +database will be used, or if that does not exist, +template1 +will be used\&. This can be a +connection string\&. If so, connection string parameters will override any conflicting command line options\&. Also, connection string parameters other than the database name itself will be re\-used when connecting to other databases\&. +.RE +.SH "ENVIRONMENT" +.PP +\fBPGDATABASE\fR +.br +\fBPGHOST\fR +.br +\fBPGPORT\fR +.br +\fBPGUSER\fR +.RS 4 +Default connection parameters +.RE +.PP +\fBPG_COLOR\fR +.RS 4 +Specifies whether to use color in diagnostic messages\&. Possible values are +always, +auto +and +never\&. +.RE +.PP +This utility, like most other +PostgreSQL +utilities, also uses the environment variables supported by +libpq +(see +Section\ \&34.15)\&. +.SH "DIAGNOSTICS" +.PP +In case of difficulty, see +\fBVACUUM\fR(7) +and +\fBpsql\fR(1) +for discussions of potential problems and error messages\&. The database server must be running at the targeted host\&. Also, any default connection settings and environment variables used by the +libpq +front\-end library will apply\&. +.SH "NOTES" +.PP +vacuumdb +might need to connect several times to the +PostgreSQL +server, asking for a password each time\&. It is convenient to have a +~/\&.pgpass +file in such cases\&. See +Section\ \&34.16 +for more information\&. +.SH "EXAMPLES" +.PP +To clean the database +test: +.sp +.if n \{\ +.RS 4 +.\} +.nf +$ \fBvacuumdb test\fR +.fi +.if n \{\ +.RE +.\} +.PP +To clean and analyze for the optimizer a database named +bigdb: +.sp +.if n \{\ +.RS 4 +.\} +.nf +$ \fBvacuumdb \-\-analyze bigdb\fR +.fi +.if n \{\ +.RE +.\} +.PP +To clean a single table +foo +in a database named +xyzzy, and analyze a single column +bar +of the table for the optimizer: +.sp +.if n \{\ +.RS 4 +.\} +.nf +$ \fBvacuumdb \-\-analyze \-\-verbose \-\-table=\*(Aqfoo(bar)\*(Aq xyzzy\fR +.fi +.if n \{\ +.RE +.\} +.SH "SEE ALSO" +\fBVACUUM\fR(7) |