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Diffstat (limited to 'src/test/regress/expected/window.out')
| -rw-r--r-- | src/test/regress/expected/window.out | 4065 |
1 files changed, 4065 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/window.out b/src/test/regress/expected/window.out new file mode 100644 index 0000000..19e2ac5 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/regress/expected/window.out @@ -0,0 +1,4065 @@ +-- +-- WINDOW FUNCTIONS +-- +CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE empsalary ( + depname varchar, + empno bigint, + salary int, + enroll_date date +); +INSERT INTO empsalary VALUES +('develop', 10, 5200, '2007-08-01'), +('sales', 1, 5000, '2006-10-01'), +('personnel', 5, 3500, '2007-12-10'), +('sales', 4, 4800, '2007-08-08'), +('personnel', 2, 3900, '2006-12-23'), +('develop', 7, 4200, '2008-01-01'), +('develop', 9, 4500, '2008-01-01'), +('sales', 3, 4800, '2007-08-01'), +('develop', 8, 6000, '2006-10-01'), +('develop', 11, 5200, '2007-08-15'); +SELECT depname, empno, salary, sum(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY depname) FROM empsalary ORDER BY depname, salary; + depname | empno | salary | sum +-----------+-------+--------+------- + develop | 7 | 4200 | 25100 + develop | 9 | 4500 | 25100 + develop | 11 | 5200 | 25100 + develop | 10 | 5200 | 25100 + develop | 8 | 6000 | 25100 + personnel | 5 | 3500 | 7400 + personnel | 2 | 3900 | 7400 + sales | 3 | 4800 | 14600 + sales | 4 | 4800 | 14600 + sales | 1 | 5000 | 14600 +(10 rows) + +SELECT depname, empno, salary, rank() OVER (PARTITION BY depname ORDER BY salary) FROM empsalary; + depname | empno | salary | rank +-----------+-------+--------+------ + develop | 7 | 4200 | 1 + develop | 9 | 4500 | 2 + develop | 11 | 5200 | 3 + develop | 10 | 5200 | 3 + develop | 8 | 6000 | 5 + personnel | 5 | 3500 | 1 + personnel | 2 | 3900 | 2 + sales | 3 | 4800 | 1 + sales | 4 | 4800 | 1 + sales | 1 | 5000 | 3 +(10 rows) + +-- with GROUP BY +SELECT four, ten, SUM(SUM(four)) OVER (PARTITION BY four), AVG(ten) FROM tenk1 +GROUP BY four, ten ORDER BY four, ten; + four | ten | sum | avg +------+-----+------+------------------------ + 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00000000000000000000 + 0 | 2 | 0 | 2.0000000000000000 + 0 | 4 | 0 | 4.0000000000000000 + 0 | 6 | 0 | 6.0000000000000000 + 0 | 8 | 0 | 8.0000000000000000 + 1 | 1 | 2500 | 1.00000000000000000000 + 1 | 3 | 2500 | 3.0000000000000000 + 1 | 5 | 2500 | 5.0000000000000000 + 1 | 7 | 2500 | 7.0000000000000000 + 1 | 9 | 2500 | 9.0000000000000000 + 2 | 0 | 5000 | 0.00000000000000000000 + 2 | 2 | 5000 | 2.0000000000000000 + 2 | 4 | 5000 | 4.0000000000000000 + 2 | 6 | 5000 | 6.0000000000000000 + 2 | 8 | 5000 | 8.0000000000000000 + 3 | 1 | 7500 | 1.00000000000000000000 + 3 | 3 | 7500 | 3.0000000000000000 + 3 | 5 | 7500 | 5.0000000000000000 + 3 | 7 | 7500 | 7.0000000000000000 + 3 | 9 | 7500 | 9.0000000000000000 +(20 rows) + +SELECT depname, empno, salary, sum(salary) OVER w FROM empsalary WINDOW w AS (PARTITION BY depname); + depname | empno | salary | sum +-----------+-------+--------+------- + develop | 11 | 5200 | 25100 + develop | 7 | 4200 | 25100 + develop | 9 | 4500 | 25100 + develop | 8 | 6000 | 25100 + develop | 10 | 5200 | 25100 + personnel | 5 | 3500 | 7400 + personnel | 2 | 3900 | 7400 + sales | 3 | 4800 | 14600 + sales | 1 | 5000 | 14600 + sales | 4 | 4800 | 14600 +(10 rows) + +SELECT depname, empno, salary, rank() OVER w FROM empsalary WINDOW w AS (PARTITION BY depname ORDER BY salary) ORDER BY rank() OVER w; + depname | empno | salary | rank +-----------+-------+--------+------ + develop | 7 | 4200 | 1 + personnel | 5 | 3500 | 1 + sales | 3 | 4800 | 1 + sales | 4 | 4800 | 1 + personnel | 2 | 3900 | 2 + develop | 9 | 4500 | 2 + sales | 1 | 5000 | 3 + develop | 11 | 5200 | 3 + develop | 10 | 5200 | 3 + develop | 8 | 6000 | 5 +(10 rows) + +-- empty window specification +SELECT COUNT(*) OVER () FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + count +------- + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 +(10 rows) + +SELECT COUNT(*) OVER w FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10 WINDOW w AS (); + count +------- + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 +(10 rows) + +-- no window operation +SELECT four FROM tenk1 WHERE FALSE WINDOW w AS (PARTITION BY ten); + four +------ +(0 rows) + +-- cumulative aggregate +SELECT sum(four) OVER (PARTITION BY ten ORDER BY unique2) AS sum_1, ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + sum_1 | ten | four +-------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 2 | 0 | 2 + 3 | 1 | 3 + 4 | 1 | 1 + 5 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 3 | 3 + 0 | 4 | 0 + 1 | 7 | 1 + 1 | 9 | 1 +(10 rows) + +SELECT row_number() OVER (ORDER BY unique2) FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + row_number +------------ + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 +(10 rows) + +SELECT rank() OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten) AS rank_1, ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + rank_1 | ten | four +--------+-----+------ + 1 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 0 | 0 + 3 | 4 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 7 | 1 + 4 | 9 | 1 + 1 | 0 | 2 + 1 | 1 | 3 + 2 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT dense_rank() OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + dense_rank | ten | four +------------+-----+------ + 1 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 0 | 0 + 2 | 4 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 2 | 7 | 1 + 3 | 9 | 1 + 1 | 0 | 2 + 1 | 1 | 3 + 2 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT percent_rank() OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + percent_rank | ten | four +--------------------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 4 | 0 + 0 | 1 | 1 + 0 | 1 | 1 + 0.6666666666666666 | 7 | 1 + 1 | 9 | 1 + 0 | 0 | 2 + 0 | 1 | 3 + 1 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT cume_dist() OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + cume_dist | ten | four +--------------------+-----+------ + 0.6666666666666666 | 0 | 0 + 0.6666666666666666 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 4 | 0 + 0.5 | 1 | 1 + 0.5 | 1 | 1 + 0.75 | 7 | 1 + 1 | 9 | 1 + 1 | 0 | 2 + 0.5 | 1 | 3 + 1 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT ntile(3) OVER (ORDER BY ten, four), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + ntile | ten | four +-------+-----+------ + 1 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 0 | 2 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 2 | 1 | 1 + 2 | 1 | 3 + 2 | 3 | 3 + 3 | 4 | 0 + 3 | 7 | 1 + 3 | 9 | 1 +(10 rows) + +SELECT ntile(NULL) OVER (ORDER BY ten, four), ten, four FROM tenk1 LIMIT 2; + ntile | ten | four +-------+-----+------ + | 0 | 0 + | 0 | 0 +(2 rows) + +SELECT lag(ten) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + lag | ten | four +-----+-----+------ + | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 4 | 0 + | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 7 | 1 + 7 | 9 | 1 + | 0 | 2 + | 1 | 3 + 1 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT lag(ten, four) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + lag | ten | four +-----+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 4 | 0 + | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 7 | 1 + 7 | 9 | 1 + | 0 | 2 + | 1 | 3 + | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT lag(ten, four, 0) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + lag | ten | four +-----+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 4 | 0 + 0 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 7 | 1 + 7 | 9 | 1 + 0 | 0 | 2 + 0 | 1 | 3 + 0 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT lag(ten, four, 0.7) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10 ORDER BY four, ten; + lag | ten | four +-----+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 4 | 0 + 0.7 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 7 | 1 + 7 | 9 | 1 + 0.7 | 0 | 2 + 0.7 | 1 | 3 + 0.7 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT lead(ten) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + lead | ten | four +------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 0 | 0 + | 4 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 7 | 1 | 1 + 9 | 7 | 1 + | 9 | 1 + | 0 | 2 + 3 | 1 | 3 + | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT lead(ten * 2, 1) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + lead | ten | four +------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 8 | 0 | 0 + | 4 | 0 + 2 | 1 | 1 + 14 | 1 | 1 + 18 | 7 | 1 + | 9 | 1 + | 0 | 2 + 6 | 1 | 3 + | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT lead(ten * 2, 1, -1) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + lead | ten | four +------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 8 | 0 | 0 + -1 | 4 | 0 + 2 | 1 | 1 + 14 | 1 | 1 + 18 | 7 | 1 + -1 | 9 | 1 + -1 | 0 | 2 + 6 | 1 | 3 + -1 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT lead(ten * 2, 1, -1.4) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10 ORDER BY four, ten; + lead | ten | four +------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 8 | 0 | 0 + -1.4 | 4 | 0 + 2 | 1 | 1 + 14 | 1 | 1 + 18 | 7 | 1 + -1.4 | 9 | 1 + -1.4 | 0 | 2 + 6 | 1 | 3 + -1.4 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT first_value(ten) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + first_value | ten | four +-------------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 4 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 7 | 1 + 1 | 9 | 1 + 0 | 0 | 2 + 1 | 1 | 3 + 1 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +-- last_value returns the last row of the frame, which is CURRENT ROW in ORDER BY window. +SELECT last_value(four) OVER (ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + last_value | ten | four +------------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 2 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 3 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 3 | 3 + 0 | 4 | 0 + 1 | 7 | 1 + 1 | 9 | 1 +(10 rows) + +SELECT last_value(ten) OVER (PARTITION BY four), ten, four FROM + (SELECT * FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10 ORDER BY four, ten)s + ORDER BY four, ten; + last_value | ten | four +------------+-----+------ + 4 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 4 | 0 + 9 | 1 | 1 + 9 | 1 | 1 + 9 | 7 | 1 + 9 | 9 | 1 + 0 | 0 | 2 + 3 | 1 | 3 + 3 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT nth_value(ten, four + 1) OVER (PARTITION BY four), ten, four + FROM (SELECT * FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10 ORDER BY four, ten)s; + nth_value | ten | four +-----------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 4 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 7 | 1 + 1 | 9 | 1 + | 0 | 2 + | 1 | 3 + | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT ten, two, sum(hundred) AS gsum, sum(sum(hundred)) OVER (PARTITION BY two ORDER BY ten) AS wsum +FROM tenk1 GROUP BY ten, two; + ten | two | gsum | wsum +-----+-----+-------+-------- + 0 | 0 | 45000 | 45000 + 2 | 0 | 47000 | 92000 + 4 | 0 | 49000 | 141000 + 6 | 0 | 51000 | 192000 + 8 | 0 | 53000 | 245000 + 1 | 1 | 46000 | 46000 + 3 | 1 | 48000 | 94000 + 5 | 1 | 50000 | 144000 + 7 | 1 | 52000 | 196000 + 9 | 1 | 54000 | 250000 +(10 rows) + +SELECT count(*) OVER (PARTITION BY four), four FROM (SELECT * FROM tenk1 WHERE two = 1)s WHERE unique2 < 10; + count | four +-------+------ + 4 | 1 + 4 | 1 + 4 | 1 + 4 | 1 + 2 | 3 + 2 | 3 +(6 rows) + +SELECT (count(*) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten) + + sum(hundred) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten))::varchar AS cntsum + FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + cntsum +-------- + 22 + 22 + 87 + 24 + 24 + 82 + 92 + 51 + 92 + 136 +(10 rows) + +-- opexpr with different windows evaluation. +SELECT * FROM( + SELECT count(*) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten) + + sum(hundred) OVER (PARTITION BY two ORDER BY ten) AS total, + count(*) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten) AS fourcount, + sum(hundred) OVER (PARTITION BY two ORDER BY ten) AS twosum + FROM tenk1 +)sub +WHERE total <> fourcount + twosum; + total | fourcount | twosum +-------+-----------+-------- +(0 rows) + +SELECT avg(four) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY thousand / 100) FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10; + avg +------------------------ + 0.00000000000000000000 + 0.00000000000000000000 + 0.00000000000000000000 + 1.00000000000000000000 + 1.00000000000000000000 + 1.00000000000000000000 + 1.00000000000000000000 + 2.0000000000000000 + 3.0000000000000000 + 3.0000000000000000 +(10 rows) + +SELECT ten, two, sum(hundred) AS gsum, sum(sum(hundred)) OVER win AS wsum +FROM tenk1 GROUP BY ten, two WINDOW win AS (PARTITION BY two ORDER BY ten); + ten | two | gsum | wsum +-----+-----+-------+-------- + 0 | 0 | 45000 | 45000 + 2 | 0 | 47000 | 92000 + 4 | 0 | 49000 | 141000 + 6 | 0 | 51000 | 192000 + 8 | 0 | 53000 | 245000 + 1 | 1 | 46000 | 46000 + 3 | 1 | 48000 | 94000 + 5 | 1 | 50000 | 144000 + 7 | 1 | 52000 | 196000 + 9 | 1 | 54000 | 250000 +(10 rows) + +-- more than one window with GROUP BY +SELECT sum(salary), + row_number() OVER (ORDER BY depname), + sum(sum(salary)) OVER (ORDER BY depname DESC) +FROM empsalary GROUP BY depname; + sum | row_number | sum +-------+------------+------- + 25100 | 1 | 47100 + 7400 | 2 | 22000 + 14600 | 3 | 14600 +(3 rows) + +-- identical windows with different names +SELECT sum(salary) OVER w1, count(*) OVER w2 +FROM empsalary WINDOW w1 AS (ORDER BY salary), w2 AS (ORDER BY salary); + sum | count +-------+------- + 3500 | 1 + 7400 | 2 + 11600 | 3 + 16100 | 4 + 25700 | 6 + 25700 | 6 + 30700 | 7 + 41100 | 9 + 41100 | 9 + 47100 | 10 +(10 rows) + +-- subplan +SELECT lead(ten, (SELECT two FROM tenk1 WHERE s.unique2 = unique2)) OVER (PARTITION BY four ORDER BY ten) +FROM tenk1 s WHERE unique2 < 10; + lead +------ + 0 + 0 + 4 + 1 + 7 + 9 + + 0 + 3 + +(10 rows) + +-- empty table +SELECT count(*) OVER (PARTITION BY four) FROM (SELECT * FROM tenk1 WHERE FALSE)s; + count +------- +(0 rows) + +-- mixture of agg/wfunc in the same window +SELECT sum(salary) OVER w, rank() OVER w FROM empsalary WINDOW w AS (PARTITION BY depname ORDER BY salary DESC); + sum | rank +-------+------ + 6000 | 1 + 16400 | 2 + 16400 | 2 + 20900 | 4 + 25100 | 5 + 3900 | 1 + 7400 | 2 + 5000 | 1 + 14600 | 2 + 14600 | 2 +(10 rows) + +-- strict aggs +SELECT empno, depname, salary, bonus, depadj, MIN(bonus) OVER (ORDER BY empno), MAX(depadj) OVER () FROM( + SELECT *, + CASE WHEN enroll_date < '2008-01-01' THEN 2008 - extract(YEAR FROM enroll_date) END * 500 AS bonus, + CASE WHEN + AVG(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY depname) < salary + THEN 200 END AS depadj FROM empsalary +)s; + empno | depname | salary | bonus | depadj | min | max +-------+-----------+--------+-------+--------+------+----- + 1 | sales | 5000 | 1000 | 200 | 1000 | 200 + 2 | personnel | 3900 | 1000 | 200 | 1000 | 200 + 3 | sales | 4800 | 500 | | 500 | 200 + 4 | sales | 4800 | 500 | | 500 | 200 + 5 | personnel | 3500 | 500 | | 500 | 200 + 7 | develop | 4200 | | | 500 | 200 + 8 | develop | 6000 | 1000 | 200 | 500 | 200 + 9 | develop | 4500 | | | 500 | 200 + 10 | develop | 5200 | 500 | 200 | 500 | 200 + 11 | develop | 5200 | 500 | 200 | 500 | 200 +(10 rows) + +-- window function over ungrouped agg over empty row set (bug before 9.1) +SELECT SUM(COUNT(f1)) OVER () FROM int4_tbl WHERE f1=42; + sum +----- + 0 +(1 row) + +-- window function with ORDER BY an expression involving aggregates (9.1 bug) +select ten, + sum(unique1) + sum(unique2) as res, + rank() over (order by sum(unique1) + sum(unique2)) as rank +from tenk1 +group by ten order by ten; + ten | res | rank +-----+----------+------ + 0 | 9976146 | 4 + 1 | 10114187 | 9 + 2 | 10059554 | 8 + 3 | 9878541 | 1 + 4 | 9881005 | 2 + 5 | 9981670 | 5 + 6 | 9947099 | 3 + 7 | 10120309 | 10 + 8 | 9991305 | 6 + 9 | 10040184 | 7 +(10 rows) + +-- window and aggregate with GROUP BY expression (9.2 bug) +explain (costs off) +select first_value(max(x)) over (), y + from (select unique1 as x, ten+four as y from tenk1) ss + group by y; + QUERY PLAN +--------------------------------------------- + WindowAgg + -> HashAggregate + Group Key: (tenk1.ten + tenk1.four) + -> Seq Scan on tenk1 +(4 rows) + +-- test non-default frame specifications +SELECT four, ten, + sum(ten) over (partition by four order by ten), + last_value(ten) over (partition by four order by ten) +FROM (select distinct ten, four from tenk1) ss; + four | ten | sum | last_value +------+-----+-----+------------ + 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 + 0 | 4 | 6 | 4 + 0 | 6 | 12 | 6 + 0 | 8 | 20 | 8 + 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 + 1 | 5 | 9 | 5 + 1 | 7 | 16 | 7 + 1 | 9 | 25 | 9 + 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 + 2 | 4 | 6 | 4 + 2 | 6 | 12 | 6 + 2 | 8 | 20 | 8 + 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 + 3 | 5 | 9 | 5 + 3 | 7 | 16 | 7 + 3 | 9 | 25 | 9 +(20 rows) + +SELECT four, ten, + sum(ten) over (partition by four order by ten range between unbounded preceding and current row), + last_value(ten) over (partition by four order by ten range between unbounded preceding and current row) +FROM (select distinct ten, four from tenk1) ss; + four | ten | sum | last_value +------+-----+-----+------------ + 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 + 0 | 4 | 6 | 4 + 0 | 6 | 12 | 6 + 0 | 8 | 20 | 8 + 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 + 1 | 5 | 9 | 5 + 1 | 7 | 16 | 7 + 1 | 9 | 25 | 9 + 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 + 2 | 4 | 6 | 4 + 2 | 6 | 12 | 6 + 2 | 8 | 20 | 8 + 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 + 3 | 5 | 9 | 5 + 3 | 7 | 16 | 7 + 3 | 9 | 25 | 9 +(20 rows) + +SELECT four, ten, + sum(ten) over (partition by four order by ten range between unbounded preceding and unbounded following), + last_value(ten) over (partition by four order by ten range between unbounded preceding and unbounded following) +FROM (select distinct ten, four from tenk1) ss; + four | ten | sum | last_value +------+-----+-----+------------ + 0 | 0 | 20 | 8 + 0 | 2 | 20 | 8 + 0 | 4 | 20 | 8 + 0 | 6 | 20 | 8 + 0 | 8 | 20 | 8 + 1 | 1 | 25 | 9 + 1 | 3 | 25 | 9 + 1 | 5 | 25 | 9 + 1 | 7 | 25 | 9 + 1 | 9 | 25 | 9 + 2 | 0 | 20 | 8 + 2 | 2 | 20 | 8 + 2 | 4 | 20 | 8 + 2 | 6 | 20 | 8 + 2 | 8 | 20 | 8 + 3 | 1 | 25 | 9 + 3 | 3 | 25 | 9 + 3 | 5 | 25 | 9 + 3 | 7 | 25 | 9 + 3 | 9 | 25 | 9 +(20 rows) + +SELECT four, ten/4 as two, + sum(ten/4) over (partition by four order by ten/4 range between unbounded preceding and current row), + last_value(ten/4) over (partition by four order by ten/4 range between unbounded preceding and current row) +FROM (select distinct ten, four from tenk1) ss; + four | two | sum | last_value +------+-----+-----+------------ + 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 0 | 2 | 4 | 2 + 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 + 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 + 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 3 | 2 | 4 | 2 +(20 rows) + +SELECT four, ten/4 as two, + sum(ten/4) over (partition by four order by ten/4 rows between unbounded preceding and current row), + last_value(ten/4) over (partition by four order by ten/4 rows between unbounded preceding and current row) +FROM (select distinct ten, four from tenk1) ss; + four | two | sum | last_value +------+-----+-----+------------ + 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 + 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 0 | 2 | 4 | 2 + 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 + 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 + 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 + 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 + 3 | 2 | 4 | 2 +(20 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four range between current row and unbounded following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 45 | 0 | 0 + 45 | 8 | 0 + 45 | 4 | 0 + 33 | 5 | 1 + 33 | 9 | 1 + 33 | 1 | 1 + 18 | 6 | 2 + 18 | 2 | 2 + 10 | 3 | 3 + 10 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (rows between current row and unbounded following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 45 | 4 | 0 + 41 | 2 | 2 + 39 | 1 | 1 + 38 | 6 | 2 + 32 | 9 | 1 + 23 | 8 | 0 + 15 | 5 | 1 + 10 | 3 | 3 + 7 | 7 | 3 + 0 | 0 | 0 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (rows between 2 preceding and 2 following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 7 | 4 | 0 + 13 | 2 | 2 + 22 | 1 | 1 + 26 | 6 | 2 + 29 | 9 | 1 + 31 | 8 | 0 + 32 | 5 | 1 + 23 | 3 | 3 + 15 | 7 | 3 + 10 | 0 | 0 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (rows between 2 preceding and 2 following exclude no others), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 7 | 4 | 0 + 13 | 2 | 2 + 22 | 1 | 1 + 26 | 6 | 2 + 29 | 9 | 1 + 31 | 8 | 0 + 32 | 5 | 1 + 23 | 3 | 3 + 15 | 7 | 3 + 10 | 0 | 0 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (rows between 2 preceding and 2 following exclude current row), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 3 | 4 | 0 + 11 | 2 | 2 + 21 | 1 | 1 + 20 | 6 | 2 + 20 | 9 | 1 + 23 | 8 | 0 + 27 | 5 | 1 + 20 | 3 | 3 + 8 | 7 | 3 + 10 | 0 | 0 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (rows between 2 preceding and 2 following exclude group), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + | 4 | 0 + | 2 | 2 + | 1 | 1 + | 6 | 2 + | 9 | 1 + | 8 | 0 + | 5 | 1 + | 3 | 3 + | 7 | 3 + | 0 | 0 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (rows between 2 preceding and 2 following exclude ties), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 4 | 4 | 0 + 2 | 2 | 2 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 6 | 6 | 2 + 9 | 9 | 1 + 8 | 8 | 0 + 5 | 5 | 1 + 3 | 3 | 3 + 7 | 7 | 3 + 0 | 0 | 0 +(10 rows) + +SELECT first_value(unique1) over (ORDER BY four rows between current row and 2 following exclude current row), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + first_value | unique1 | four +-------------+---------+------ + 8 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 8 | 0 + 5 | 4 | 0 + 9 | 5 | 1 + 1 | 9 | 1 + 6 | 1 | 1 + 2 | 6 | 2 + 3 | 2 | 2 + 7 | 3 | 3 + | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT first_value(unique1) over (ORDER BY four rows between current row and 2 following exclude group), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + first_value | unique1 | four +-------------+---------+------ + | 0 | 0 + 5 | 8 | 0 + 5 | 4 | 0 + | 5 | 1 + 6 | 9 | 1 + 6 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 6 | 2 + 3 | 2 | 2 + | 3 | 3 + | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT first_value(unique1) over (ORDER BY four rows between current row and 2 following exclude ties), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + first_value | unique1 | four +-------------+---------+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 8 | 8 | 0 + 4 | 4 | 0 + 5 | 5 | 1 + 9 | 9 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 6 | 6 | 2 + 2 | 2 | 2 + 3 | 3 | 3 + 7 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT last_value(unique1) over (ORDER BY four rows between current row and 2 following exclude current row), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + last_value | unique1 | four +------------+---------+------ + 4 | 0 | 0 + 5 | 8 | 0 + 9 | 4 | 0 + 1 | 5 | 1 + 6 | 9 | 1 + 2 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 6 | 2 + 7 | 2 | 2 + 7 | 3 | 3 + | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT last_value(unique1) over (ORDER BY four rows between current row and 2 following exclude group), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + last_value | unique1 | four +------------+---------+------ + | 0 | 0 + 5 | 8 | 0 + 9 | 4 | 0 + | 5 | 1 + 6 | 9 | 1 + 2 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 6 | 2 + 7 | 2 | 2 + | 3 | 3 + | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT last_value(unique1) over (ORDER BY four rows between current row and 2 following exclude ties), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + last_value | unique1 | four +------------+---------+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 5 | 8 | 0 + 9 | 4 | 0 + 5 | 5 | 1 + 6 | 9 | 1 + 2 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 6 | 2 + 7 | 2 | 2 + 3 | 3 | 3 + 7 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (rows between 2 preceding and 1 preceding), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + | 4 | 0 + 4 | 2 | 2 + 6 | 1 | 1 + 3 | 6 | 2 + 7 | 9 | 1 + 15 | 8 | 0 + 17 | 5 | 1 + 13 | 3 | 3 + 8 | 7 | 3 + 10 | 0 | 0 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (rows between 1 following and 3 following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 9 | 4 | 0 + 16 | 2 | 2 + 23 | 1 | 1 + 22 | 6 | 2 + 16 | 9 | 1 + 15 | 8 | 0 + 10 | 5 | 1 + 7 | 3 | 3 + 0 | 7 | 3 + | 0 | 0 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (rows between unbounded preceding and 1 following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 6 | 4 | 0 + 7 | 2 | 2 + 13 | 1 | 1 + 22 | 6 | 2 + 30 | 9 | 1 + 35 | 8 | 0 + 38 | 5 | 1 + 45 | 3 | 3 + 45 | 7 | 3 + 45 | 0 | 0 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (w range between current row and unbounded following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10 WINDOW w AS (order by four); + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 45 | 0 | 0 + 45 | 8 | 0 + 45 | 4 | 0 + 33 | 5 | 1 + 33 | 9 | 1 + 33 | 1 | 1 + 18 | 6 | 2 + 18 | 2 | 2 + 10 | 3 | 3 + 10 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (w range between unbounded preceding and current row exclude current row), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10 WINDOW w AS (order by four); + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 12 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 8 | 0 + 8 | 4 | 0 + 22 | 5 | 1 + 18 | 9 | 1 + 26 | 1 | 1 + 29 | 6 | 2 + 33 | 2 | 2 + 42 | 3 | 3 + 38 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (w range between unbounded preceding and current row exclude group), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10 WINDOW w AS (order by four); + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + | 0 | 0 + | 8 | 0 + | 4 | 0 + 12 | 5 | 1 + 12 | 9 | 1 + 12 | 1 | 1 + 27 | 6 | 2 + 27 | 2 | 2 + 35 | 3 | 3 + 35 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (w range between unbounded preceding and current row exclude ties), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10 WINDOW w AS (order by four); + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 8 | 8 | 0 + 4 | 4 | 0 + 17 | 5 | 1 + 21 | 9 | 1 + 13 | 1 | 1 + 33 | 6 | 2 + 29 | 2 | 2 + 38 | 3 | 3 + 42 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT first_value(unique1) over w, + nth_value(unique1, 2) over w AS nth_2, + last_value(unique1) over w, unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10 +WINDOW w AS (order by four range between current row and unbounded following); + first_value | nth_2 | last_value | unique1 | four +-------------+-------+------------+---------+------ + 0 | 8 | 7 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 0 + 0 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 0 + 5 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 1 + 5 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 1 + 5 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 1 + 6 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 2 + 6 | 2 | 7 | 2 | 2 + 3 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 3 + 3 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over + (order by unique1 + rows (SELECT unique1 FROM tenk1 ORDER BY unique1 LIMIT 1) + 1 PRECEDING), + unique1 +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 +-----+--------- + 0 | 0 + 1 | 1 + 3 | 2 + 5 | 3 + 7 | 4 + 9 | 5 + 11 | 6 + 13 | 7 + 15 | 8 + 17 | 9 +(10 rows) + +CREATE TEMP VIEW v_window AS + SELECT i, sum(i) over (order by i rows between 1 preceding and 1 following) as sum_rows + FROM generate_series(1, 10) i; +SELECT * FROM v_window; + i | sum_rows +----+---------- + 1 | 3 + 2 | 6 + 3 | 9 + 4 | 12 + 5 | 15 + 6 | 18 + 7 | 21 + 8 | 24 + 9 | 27 + 10 | 19 +(10 rows) + +SELECT pg_get_viewdef('v_window'); + pg_get_viewdef +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + SELECT i.i, + + sum(i.i) OVER (ORDER BY i.i ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING) AS sum_rows+ + FROM generate_series(1, 10) i(i); +(1 row) + +CREATE OR REPLACE TEMP VIEW v_window AS + SELECT i, sum(i) over (order by i rows between 1 preceding and 1 following + exclude current row) as sum_rows FROM generate_series(1, 10) i; +SELECT * FROM v_window; + i | sum_rows +----+---------- + 1 | 2 + 2 | 4 + 3 | 6 + 4 | 8 + 5 | 10 + 6 | 12 + 7 | 14 + 8 | 16 + 9 | 18 + 10 | 9 +(10 rows) + +SELECT pg_get_viewdef('v_window'); + pg_get_viewdef +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + SELECT i.i, + + sum(i.i) OVER (ORDER BY i.i ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING EXCLUDE CURRENT ROW) AS sum_rows+ + FROM generate_series(1, 10) i(i); +(1 row) + +CREATE OR REPLACE TEMP VIEW v_window AS + SELECT i, sum(i) over (order by i rows between 1 preceding and 1 following + exclude group) as sum_rows FROM generate_series(1, 10) i; +SELECT * FROM v_window; + i | sum_rows +----+---------- + 1 | 2 + 2 | 4 + 3 | 6 + 4 | 8 + 5 | 10 + 6 | 12 + 7 | 14 + 8 | 16 + 9 | 18 + 10 | 9 +(10 rows) + +SELECT pg_get_viewdef('v_window'); + pg_get_viewdef +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + SELECT i.i, + + sum(i.i) OVER (ORDER BY i.i ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING EXCLUDE GROUP) AS sum_rows+ + FROM generate_series(1, 10) i(i); +(1 row) + +CREATE OR REPLACE TEMP VIEW v_window AS + SELECT i, sum(i) over (order by i rows between 1 preceding and 1 following + exclude ties) as sum_rows FROM generate_series(1, 10) i; +SELECT * FROM v_window; + i | sum_rows +----+---------- + 1 | 3 + 2 | 6 + 3 | 9 + 4 | 12 + 5 | 15 + 6 | 18 + 7 | 21 + 8 | 24 + 9 | 27 + 10 | 19 +(10 rows) + +SELECT pg_get_viewdef('v_window'); + pg_get_viewdef +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + SELECT i.i, + + sum(i.i) OVER (ORDER BY i.i ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING EXCLUDE TIES) AS sum_rows+ + FROM generate_series(1, 10) i(i); +(1 row) + +CREATE OR REPLACE TEMP VIEW v_window AS + SELECT i, sum(i) over (order by i rows between 1 preceding and 1 following + exclude no others) as sum_rows FROM generate_series(1, 10) i; +SELECT * FROM v_window; + i | sum_rows +----+---------- + 1 | 3 + 2 | 6 + 3 | 9 + 4 | 12 + 5 | 15 + 6 | 18 + 7 | 21 + 8 | 24 + 9 | 27 + 10 | 19 +(10 rows) + +SELECT pg_get_viewdef('v_window'); + pg_get_viewdef +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + SELECT i.i, + + sum(i.i) OVER (ORDER BY i.i ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING) AS sum_rows+ + FROM generate_series(1, 10) i(i); +(1 row) + +CREATE OR REPLACE TEMP VIEW v_window AS + SELECT i, sum(i) over (order by i groups between 1 preceding and 1 following) as sum_rows FROM generate_series(1, 10) i; +SELECT * FROM v_window; + i | sum_rows +----+---------- + 1 | 3 + 2 | 6 + 3 | 9 + 4 | 12 + 5 | 15 + 6 | 18 + 7 | 21 + 8 | 24 + 9 | 27 + 10 | 19 +(10 rows) + +SELECT pg_get_viewdef('v_window'); + pg_get_viewdef +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + SELECT i.i, + + sum(i.i) OVER (ORDER BY i.i GROUPS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING) AS sum_rows+ + FROM generate_series(1, 10) i(i); +(1 row) + +DROP VIEW v_window; +CREATE TEMP VIEW v_window AS + SELECT i, min(i) over (order by i range between '1 day' preceding and '10 days' following) as min_i + FROM generate_series(now(), now()+'100 days'::interval, '1 hour') i; +SELECT pg_get_viewdef('v_window'); + pg_get_viewdef +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + SELECT i.i, + + min(i.i) OVER (ORDER BY i.i RANGE BETWEEN '@ 1 day'::interval PRECEDING AND '@ 10 days'::interval FOLLOWING) AS min_i+ + FROM generate_series(now(), (now() + '@ 100 days'::interval), '@ 1 hour'::interval) i(i); +(1 row) + +-- RANGE offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING tests +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four range between 2::int8 preceding and 1::int2 preceding), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + | 0 | 0 + | 8 | 0 + | 4 | 0 + 12 | 5 | 1 + 12 | 9 | 1 + 12 | 1 | 1 + 27 | 6 | 2 + 27 | 2 | 2 + 23 | 3 | 3 + 23 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four desc range between 2::int8 preceding and 1::int2 preceding), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + | 3 | 3 + | 7 | 3 + 10 | 6 | 2 + 10 | 2 | 2 + 18 | 9 | 1 + 18 | 5 | 1 + 18 | 1 | 1 + 23 | 0 | 0 + 23 | 8 | 0 + 23 | 4 | 0 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four range between 2::int8 preceding and 1::int2 preceding exclude no others), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + | 0 | 0 + | 8 | 0 + | 4 | 0 + 12 | 5 | 1 + 12 | 9 | 1 + 12 | 1 | 1 + 27 | 6 | 2 + 27 | 2 | 2 + 23 | 3 | 3 + 23 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four range between 2::int8 preceding and 1::int2 preceding exclude current row), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + | 0 | 0 + | 8 | 0 + | 4 | 0 + 12 | 5 | 1 + 12 | 9 | 1 + 12 | 1 | 1 + 27 | 6 | 2 + 27 | 2 | 2 + 23 | 3 | 3 + 23 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four range between 2::int8 preceding and 1::int2 preceding exclude group), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + | 0 | 0 + | 8 | 0 + | 4 | 0 + 12 | 5 | 1 + 12 | 9 | 1 + 12 | 1 | 1 + 27 | 6 | 2 + 27 | 2 | 2 + 23 | 3 | 3 + 23 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four range between 2::int8 preceding and 1::int2 preceding exclude ties), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + | 0 | 0 + | 8 | 0 + | 4 | 0 + 12 | 5 | 1 + 12 | 9 | 1 + 12 | 1 | 1 + 27 | 6 | 2 + 27 | 2 | 2 + 23 | 3 | 3 + 23 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four range between 2::int8 preceding and 6::int2 following exclude ties), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 33 | 0 | 0 + 41 | 8 | 0 + 37 | 4 | 0 + 35 | 5 | 1 + 39 | 9 | 1 + 31 | 1 | 1 + 43 | 6 | 2 + 39 | 2 | 2 + 26 | 3 | 3 + 30 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four range between 2::int8 preceding and 6::int2 following exclude group), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 33 | 0 | 0 + 33 | 8 | 0 + 33 | 4 | 0 + 30 | 5 | 1 + 30 | 9 | 1 + 30 | 1 | 1 + 37 | 6 | 2 + 37 | 2 | 2 + 23 | 3 | 3 + 23 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (partition by four order by unique1 range between 5::int8 preceding and 6::int2 following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 4 | 0 | 0 + 12 | 4 | 0 + 12 | 8 | 0 + 6 | 1 | 1 + 15 | 5 | 1 + 14 | 9 | 1 + 8 | 2 | 2 + 8 | 6 | 2 + 10 | 3 | 3 + 10 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (partition by four order by unique1 range between 5::int8 preceding and 6::int2 following + exclude current row),unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 4 | 0 | 0 + 8 | 4 | 0 + 4 | 8 | 0 + 5 | 1 | 1 + 10 | 5 | 1 + 5 | 9 | 1 + 6 | 2 | 2 + 2 | 6 | 2 + 7 | 3 | 3 + 3 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +select sum(salary) over (order by enroll_date range between '1 year'::interval preceding and '1 year'::interval following), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + sum | salary | enroll_date +-------+--------+------------- + 34900 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 34900 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 38400 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 47100 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 47100 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 47100 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 47100 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 36100 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 32200 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 32200 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +select sum(salary) over (order by enroll_date desc range between '1 year'::interval preceding and '1 year'::interval following), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + sum | salary | enroll_date +-------+--------+------------- + 32200 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 + 32200 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 36100 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 47100 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 47100 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 47100 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 47100 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 38400 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 34900 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 34900 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 +(10 rows) + +select sum(salary) over (order by enroll_date desc range between '1 year'::interval following and '1 year'::interval following), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + sum | salary | enroll_date +-----+--------+------------- + | 4200 | 01-01-2008 + | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + | 6000 | 10-01-2006 +(10 rows) + +select sum(salary) over (order by enroll_date range between '1 year'::interval preceding and '1 year'::interval following + exclude current row), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + sum | salary | enroll_date +-------+--------+------------- + 29900 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 28900 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 34500 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 42300 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 41900 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 42300 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 41900 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 32600 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 27700 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 28000 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +select sum(salary) over (order by enroll_date range between '1 year'::interval preceding and '1 year'::interval following + exclude group), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + sum | salary | enroll_date +-------+--------+------------- + 23900 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 23900 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 34500 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 37100 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 37100 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 42300 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 41900 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 32600 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 23500 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 23500 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +select sum(salary) over (order by enroll_date range between '1 year'::interval preceding and '1 year'::interval following + exclude ties), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + sum | salary | enroll_date +-------+--------+------------- + 28900 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 29900 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 38400 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 41900 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 42300 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 47100 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 47100 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 36100 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 28000 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 27700 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +select first_value(salary) over(order by salary range between 1000 preceding and 1000 following), + lead(salary) over(order by salary range between 1000 preceding and 1000 following), + nth_value(salary, 1) over(order by salary range between 1000 preceding and 1000 following), + salary from empsalary; + first_value | lead | nth_value | salary +-------------+------+-----------+-------- + 3500 | 3900 | 3500 | 3500 + 3500 | 4200 | 3500 | 3900 + 3500 | 4500 | 3500 | 4200 + 3500 | 4800 | 3500 | 4500 + 3900 | 4800 | 3900 | 4800 + 3900 | 5000 | 3900 | 4800 + 4200 | 5200 | 4200 | 5000 + 4200 | 5200 | 4200 | 5200 + 4200 | 6000 | 4200 | 5200 + 5000 | | 5000 | 6000 +(10 rows) + +select last_value(salary) over(order by salary range between 1000 preceding and 1000 following), + lag(salary) over(order by salary range between 1000 preceding and 1000 following), + salary from empsalary; + last_value | lag | salary +------------+------+-------- + 4500 | | 3500 + 4800 | 3500 | 3900 + 5200 | 3900 | 4200 + 5200 | 4200 | 4500 + 5200 | 4500 | 4800 + 5200 | 4800 | 4800 + 6000 | 4800 | 5000 + 6000 | 5000 | 5200 + 6000 | 5200 | 5200 + 6000 | 5200 | 6000 +(10 rows) + +select first_value(salary) over(order by salary range between 1000 following and 3000 following + exclude current row), + lead(salary) over(order by salary range between 1000 following and 3000 following exclude ties), + nth_value(salary, 1) over(order by salary range between 1000 following and 3000 following + exclude ties), + salary from empsalary; + first_value | lead | nth_value | salary +-------------+------+-----------+-------- + 4500 | 3900 | 4500 | 3500 + 5000 | 4200 | 5000 | 3900 + 5200 | 4500 | 5200 | 4200 + 6000 | 4800 | 6000 | 4500 + 6000 | 4800 | 6000 | 4800 + 6000 | 5000 | 6000 | 4800 + 6000 | 5200 | 6000 | 5000 + | 5200 | | 5200 + | 6000 | | 5200 + | | | 6000 +(10 rows) + +select last_value(salary) over(order by salary range between 1000 following and 3000 following + exclude group), + lag(salary) over(order by salary range between 1000 following and 3000 following exclude group), + salary from empsalary; + last_value | lag | salary +------------+------+-------- + 6000 | | 3500 + 6000 | 3500 | 3900 + 6000 | 3900 | 4200 + 6000 | 4200 | 4500 + 6000 | 4500 | 4800 + 6000 | 4800 | 4800 + 6000 | 4800 | 5000 + | 5000 | 5200 + | 5200 | 5200 + | 5200 | 6000 +(10 rows) + +select first_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date range between unbounded preceding and '1 year'::interval following + exclude ties), + last_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date range between unbounded preceding and '1 year'::interval following), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + first_value | last_value | salary | enroll_date +-------------+------------+--------+------------- + 5000 | 5200 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 6000 | 5200 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 5000 | 3500 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 5000 | 4200 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 5000 | 4200 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +select first_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date range between unbounded preceding and '1 year'::interval following + exclude ties), + last_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date range between unbounded preceding and '1 year'::interval following + exclude ties), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + first_value | last_value | salary | enroll_date +-------------+------------+--------+------------- + 5000 | 5200 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 6000 | 5200 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 5000 | 3500 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 5000 | 4200 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 5000 | 4500 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 5000 | 4200 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +select first_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date range between unbounded preceding and '1 year'::interval following + exclude group), + last_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date range between unbounded preceding and '1 year'::interval following + exclude group), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + first_value | last_value | salary | enroll_date +-------------+------------+--------+------------- + 3900 | 5200 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 3900 | 5200 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 5000 | 3500 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 5000 | 4200 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 5000 | 3500 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 5000 | 3500 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +select first_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date range between unbounded preceding and '1 year'::interval following + exclude current row), + last_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date range between unbounded preceding and '1 year'::interval following + exclude current row), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + first_value | last_value | salary | enroll_date +-------------+------------+--------+------------- + 6000 | 5200 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 5000 | 5200 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 5000 | 3500 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 5000 | 4200 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 5000 | 4200 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 5000 | 4500 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +-- RANGE offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING with null values +select x, y, + first_value(y) over w, + last_value(y) over w +from + (select x, x as y from generate_series(1,5) as x + union all select null, 42 + union all select null, 43) ss +window w as + (order by x asc nulls first range between 2 preceding and 2 following); + x | y | first_value | last_value +---+----+-------------+------------ + | 42 | 42 | 43 + | 43 | 42 | 43 + 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 + 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 + 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 + 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 + 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 +(7 rows) + +select x, y, + first_value(y) over w, + last_value(y) over w +from + (select x, x as y from generate_series(1,5) as x + union all select null, 42 + union all select null, 43) ss +window w as + (order by x asc nulls last range between 2 preceding and 2 following); + x | y | first_value | last_value +---+----+-------------+------------ + 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 + 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 + 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 + 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 + 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 + | 42 | 42 | 43 + | 43 | 42 | 43 +(7 rows) + +select x, y, + first_value(y) over w, + last_value(y) over w +from + (select x, x as y from generate_series(1,5) as x + union all select null, 42 + union all select null, 43) ss +window w as + (order by x desc nulls first range between 2 preceding and 2 following); + x | y | first_value | last_value +---+----+-------------+------------ + | 43 | 43 | 42 + | 42 | 43 | 42 + 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 + 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 + 3 | 3 | 5 | 1 + 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 +(7 rows) + +select x, y, + first_value(y) over w, + last_value(y) over w +from + (select x, x as y from generate_series(1,5) as x + union all select null, 42 + union all select null, 43) ss +window w as + (order by x desc nulls last range between 2 preceding and 2 following); + x | y | first_value | last_value +---+----+-------------+------------ + 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 + 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 + 3 | 3 | 5 | 1 + 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 + | 42 | 42 | 43 + | 43 | 42 | 43 +(7 rows) + +-- Check overflow behavior for various integer sizes +select x, last_value(x) over (order by x::smallint range between current row and 2147450884 following) +from generate_series(32764, 32766) x; + x | last_value +-------+------------ + 32764 | 32766 + 32765 | 32766 + 32766 | 32766 +(3 rows) + +select x, last_value(x) over (order by x::smallint desc range between current row and 2147450885 following) +from generate_series(-32766, -32764) x; + x | last_value +--------+------------ + -32764 | -32766 + -32765 | -32766 + -32766 | -32766 +(3 rows) + +select x, last_value(x) over (order by x range between current row and 4 following) +from generate_series(2147483644, 2147483646) x; + x | last_value +------------+------------ + 2147483644 | 2147483646 + 2147483645 | 2147483646 + 2147483646 | 2147483646 +(3 rows) + +select x, last_value(x) over (order by x desc range between current row and 5 following) +from generate_series(-2147483646, -2147483644) x; + x | last_value +-------------+------------- + -2147483644 | -2147483646 + -2147483645 | -2147483646 + -2147483646 | -2147483646 +(3 rows) + +select x, last_value(x) over (order by x range between current row and 4 following) +from generate_series(9223372036854775804, 9223372036854775806) x; + x | last_value +---------------------+--------------------- + 9223372036854775804 | 9223372036854775806 + 9223372036854775805 | 9223372036854775806 + 9223372036854775806 | 9223372036854775806 +(3 rows) + +select x, last_value(x) over (order by x desc range between current row and 5 following) +from generate_series(-9223372036854775806, -9223372036854775804) x; + x | last_value +----------------------+---------------------- + -9223372036854775804 | -9223372036854775806 + -9223372036854775805 | -9223372036854775806 + -9223372036854775806 | -9223372036854775806 +(3 rows) + +-- Test in_range for other numeric datatypes +create temp table numerics( + id int, + f_float4 float4, + f_float8 float8, + f_numeric numeric +); +insert into numerics values +(0, '-infinity', '-infinity', '-infinity'), +(1, -3, -3, -3), +(2, -1, -1, -1), +(3, 0, 0, 0), +(4, 1.1, 1.1, 1.1), +(5, 1.12, 1.12, 1.12), +(6, 2, 2, 2), +(7, 100, 100, 100), +(8, 'infinity', 'infinity', 'infinity'), +(9, 'NaN', 'NaN', 'NaN'); +select id, f_float4, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float4 range between + 1 preceding and 1 following); + id | f_float4 | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 0 + 1 | -3 | 1 | 1 + 2 | -1 | 2 | 3 + 3 | 0 | 2 | 3 + 4 | 1.1 | 4 | 6 + 5 | 1.12 | 4 | 6 + 6 | 2 | 4 | 6 + 7 | 100 | 7 | 7 + 8 | Infinity | 8 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_float4, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float4 range between + 1 preceding and 1.1::float4 following); + id | f_float4 | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 0 + 1 | -3 | 1 | 1 + 2 | -1 | 2 | 3 + 3 | 0 | 2 | 4 + 4 | 1.1 | 4 | 6 + 5 | 1.12 | 4 | 6 + 6 | 2 | 4 | 6 + 7 | 100 | 7 | 7 + 8 | Infinity | 8 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_float4, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float4 range between + 'inf' preceding and 'inf' following); + id | f_float4 | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 8 + 1 | -3 | 0 | 8 + 2 | -1 | 0 | 8 + 3 | 0 | 0 | 8 + 4 | 1.1 | 0 | 8 + 5 | 1.12 | 0 | 8 + 6 | 2 | 0 | 8 + 7 | 100 | 0 | 8 + 8 | Infinity | 0 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_float4, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float4 range between + 'inf' preceding and 'inf' preceding); + id | f_float4 | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 0 + 1 | -3 | 0 | 0 + 2 | -1 | 0 | 0 + 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 + 5 | 1.12 | 0 | 0 + 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 + 7 | 100 | 0 | 0 + 8 | Infinity | 0 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_float4, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float4 range between + 'inf' following and 'inf' following); + id | f_float4 | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 8 + 1 | -3 | 8 | 8 + 2 | -1 | 8 | 8 + 3 | 0 | 8 | 8 + 4 | 1.1 | 8 | 8 + 5 | 1.12 | 8 | 8 + 6 | 2 | 8 | 8 + 7 | 100 | 8 | 8 + 8 | Infinity | 8 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_float4, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float4 range between + 1.1 preceding and 'NaN' following); -- error, NaN disallowed +ERROR: invalid preceding or following size in window function +select id, f_float8, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float8 range between + 1 preceding and 1 following); + id | f_float8 | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 0 + 1 | -3 | 1 | 1 + 2 | -1 | 2 | 3 + 3 | 0 | 2 | 3 + 4 | 1.1 | 4 | 6 + 5 | 1.12 | 4 | 6 + 6 | 2 | 4 | 6 + 7 | 100 | 7 | 7 + 8 | Infinity | 8 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_float8, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float8 range between + 1 preceding and 1.1::float8 following); + id | f_float8 | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 0 + 1 | -3 | 1 | 1 + 2 | -1 | 2 | 3 + 3 | 0 | 2 | 4 + 4 | 1.1 | 4 | 6 + 5 | 1.12 | 4 | 6 + 6 | 2 | 4 | 6 + 7 | 100 | 7 | 7 + 8 | Infinity | 8 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_float8, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float8 range between + 'inf' preceding and 'inf' following); + id | f_float8 | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 8 + 1 | -3 | 0 | 8 + 2 | -1 | 0 | 8 + 3 | 0 | 0 | 8 + 4 | 1.1 | 0 | 8 + 5 | 1.12 | 0 | 8 + 6 | 2 | 0 | 8 + 7 | 100 | 0 | 8 + 8 | Infinity | 0 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_float8, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float8 range between + 'inf' preceding and 'inf' preceding); + id | f_float8 | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 0 + 1 | -3 | 0 | 0 + 2 | -1 | 0 | 0 + 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 + 5 | 1.12 | 0 | 0 + 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 + 7 | 100 | 0 | 0 + 8 | Infinity | 0 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_float8, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float8 range between + 'inf' following and 'inf' following); + id | f_float8 | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 8 + 1 | -3 | 8 | 8 + 2 | -1 | 8 | 8 + 3 | 0 | 8 | 8 + 4 | 1.1 | 8 | 8 + 5 | 1.12 | 8 | 8 + 6 | 2 | 8 | 8 + 7 | 100 | 8 | 8 + 8 | Infinity | 8 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_float8, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_float8 range between + 1.1 preceding and 'NaN' following); -- error, NaN disallowed +ERROR: invalid preceding or following size in window function +select id, f_numeric, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_numeric range between + 1 preceding and 1 following); + id | f_numeric | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 0 + 1 | -3 | 1 | 1 + 2 | -1 | 2 | 3 + 3 | 0 | 2 | 3 + 4 | 1.1 | 4 | 6 + 5 | 1.12 | 4 | 6 + 6 | 2 | 4 | 6 + 7 | 100 | 7 | 7 + 8 | Infinity | 8 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_numeric, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_numeric range between + 1 preceding and 1.1::numeric following); + id | f_numeric | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 0 + 1 | -3 | 1 | 1 + 2 | -1 | 2 | 3 + 3 | 0 | 2 | 4 + 4 | 1.1 | 4 | 6 + 5 | 1.12 | 4 | 6 + 6 | 2 | 4 | 6 + 7 | 100 | 7 | 7 + 8 | Infinity | 8 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_numeric, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_numeric range between + 1 preceding and 1.1::float8 following); -- currently unsupported +ERROR: RANGE with offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING is not supported for column type numeric and offset type double precision +LINE 4: 1 preceding and 1.1::float8 following); + ^ +HINT: Cast the offset value to an appropriate type. +select id, f_numeric, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_numeric range between + 'inf' preceding and 'inf' following); + id | f_numeric | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 8 + 1 | -3 | 0 | 8 + 2 | -1 | 0 | 8 + 3 | 0 | 0 | 8 + 4 | 1.1 | 0 | 8 + 5 | 1.12 | 0 | 8 + 6 | 2 | 0 | 8 + 7 | 100 | 0 | 8 + 8 | Infinity | 0 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_numeric, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_numeric range between + 'inf' preceding and 'inf' preceding); + id | f_numeric | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 0 + 1 | -3 | 0 | 0 + 2 | -1 | 0 | 0 + 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 4 | 1.1 | 0 | 0 + 5 | 1.12 | 0 | 0 + 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 + 7 | 100 | 0 | 0 + 8 | Infinity | 0 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_numeric, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_numeric range between + 'inf' following and 'inf' following); + id | f_numeric | first_value | last_value +----+-----------+-------------+------------ + 0 | -Infinity | 0 | 8 + 1 | -3 | 8 | 8 + 2 | -1 | 8 | 8 + 3 | 0 | 8 | 8 + 4 | 1.1 | 8 | 8 + 5 | 1.12 | 8 | 8 + 6 | 2 | 8 | 8 + 7 | 100 | 8 | 8 + 8 | Infinity | 8 | 8 + 9 | NaN | 9 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_numeric, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from numerics +window w as (order by f_numeric range between + 1.1 preceding and 'NaN' following); -- error, NaN disallowed +ERROR: invalid preceding or following size in window function +-- Test in_range for other datetime datatypes +create temp table datetimes( + id int, + f_time time, + f_timetz timetz, + f_interval interval, + f_timestamptz timestamptz, + f_timestamp timestamp +); +insert into datetimes values +(1, '11:00', '11:00 BST', '1 year', '2000-10-19 10:23:54+01', '2000-10-19 10:23:54'), +(2, '12:00', '12:00 BST', '2 years', '2001-10-19 10:23:54+01', '2001-10-19 10:23:54'), +(3, '13:00', '13:00 BST', '3 years', '2001-10-19 10:23:54+01', '2001-10-19 10:23:54'), +(4, '14:00', '14:00 BST', '4 years', '2002-10-19 10:23:54+01', '2002-10-19 10:23:54'), +(5, '15:00', '15:00 BST', '5 years', '2003-10-19 10:23:54+01', '2003-10-19 10:23:54'), +(6, '15:00', '15:00 BST', '5 years', '2004-10-19 10:23:54+01', '2004-10-19 10:23:54'), +(7, '17:00', '17:00 BST', '7 years', '2005-10-19 10:23:54+01', '2005-10-19 10:23:54'), +(8, '18:00', '18:00 BST', '8 years', '2006-10-19 10:23:54+01', '2006-10-19 10:23:54'), +(9, '19:00', '19:00 BST', '9 years', '2007-10-19 10:23:54+01', '2007-10-19 10:23:54'), +(10, '20:00', '20:00 BST', '10 years', '2008-10-19 10:23:54+01', '2008-10-19 10:23:54'); +select id, f_time, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from datetimes +window w as (order by f_time range between + '70 min'::interval preceding and '2 hours'::interval following); + id | f_time | first_value | last_value +----+----------+-------------+------------ + 1 | 11:00:00 | 1 | 3 + 2 | 12:00:00 | 1 | 4 + 3 | 13:00:00 | 2 | 6 + 4 | 14:00:00 | 3 | 6 + 5 | 15:00:00 | 4 | 7 + 6 | 15:00:00 | 4 | 7 + 7 | 17:00:00 | 7 | 9 + 8 | 18:00:00 | 7 | 10 + 9 | 19:00:00 | 8 | 10 + 10 | 20:00:00 | 9 | 10 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_time, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from datetimes +window w as (order by f_time desc range between + '70 min' preceding and '2 hours' following); + id | f_time | first_value | last_value +----+----------+-------------+------------ + 10 | 20:00:00 | 10 | 8 + 9 | 19:00:00 | 10 | 7 + 8 | 18:00:00 | 9 | 7 + 7 | 17:00:00 | 8 | 5 + 6 | 15:00:00 | 6 | 3 + 5 | 15:00:00 | 6 | 3 + 4 | 14:00:00 | 6 | 2 + 3 | 13:00:00 | 4 | 1 + 2 | 12:00:00 | 3 | 1 + 1 | 11:00:00 | 2 | 1 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_timetz, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from datetimes +window w as (order by f_timetz range between + '70 min'::interval preceding and '2 hours'::interval following); + id | f_timetz | first_value | last_value +----+-------------+-------------+------------ + 1 | 11:00:00+01 | 1 | 3 + 2 | 12:00:00+01 | 1 | 4 + 3 | 13:00:00+01 | 2 | 6 + 4 | 14:00:00+01 | 3 | 6 + 5 | 15:00:00+01 | 4 | 7 + 6 | 15:00:00+01 | 4 | 7 + 7 | 17:00:00+01 | 7 | 9 + 8 | 18:00:00+01 | 7 | 10 + 9 | 19:00:00+01 | 8 | 10 + 10 | 20:00:00+01 | 9 | 10 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_timetz, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from datetimes +window w as (order by f_timetz desc range between + '70 min' preceding and '2 hours' following); + id | f_timetz | first_value | last_value +----+-------------+-------------+------------ + 10 | 20:00:00+01 | 10 | 8 + 9 | 19:00:00+01 | 10 | 7 + 8 | 18:00:00+01 | 9 | 7 + 7 | 17:00:00+01 | 8 | 5 + 6 | 15:00:00+01 | 6 | 3 + 5 | 15:00:00+01 | 6 | 3 + 4 | 14:00:00+01 | 6 | 2 + 3 | 13:00:00+01 | 4 | 1 + 2 | 12:00:00+01 | 3 | 1 + 1 | 11:00:00+01 | 2 | 1 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_interval, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from datetimes +window w as (order by f_interval range between + '1 year'::interval preceding and '1 year'::interval following); + id | f_interval | first_value | last_value +----+------------+-------------+------------ + 1 | @ 1 year | 1 | 2 + 2 | @ 2 years | 1 | 3 + 3 | @ 3 years | 2 | 4 + 4 | @ 4 years | 3 | 6 + 5 | @ 5 years | 4 | 6 + 6 | @ 5 years | 4 | 6 + 7 | @ 7 years | 7 | 8 + 8 | @ 8 years | 7 | 9 + 9 | @ 9 years | 8 | 10 + 10 | @ 10 years | 9 | 10 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_interval, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from datetimes +window w as (order by f_interval desc range between + '1 year' preceding and '1 year' following); + id | f_interval | first_value | last_value +----+------------+-------------+------------ + 10 | @ 10 years | 10 | 9 + 9 | @ 9 years | 10 | 8 + 8 | @ 8 years | 9 | 7 + 7 | @ 7 years | 8 | 7 + 6 | @ 5 years | 6 | 4 + 5 | @ 5 years | 6 | 4 + 4 | @ 4 years | 6 | 3 + 3 | @ 3 years | 4 | 2 + 2 | @ 2 years | 3 | 1 + 1 | @ 1 year | 2 | 1 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_timestamptz, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from datetimes +window w as (order by f_timestamptz range between + '1 year'::interval preceding and '1 year'::interval following); + id | f_timestamptz | first_value | last_value +----+------------------------------+-------------+------------ + 1 | Thu Oct 19 02:23:54 2000 PDT | 1 | 3 + 2 | Fri Oct 19 02:23:54 2001 PDT | 1 | 4 + 3 | Fri Oct 19 02:23:54 2001 PDT | 1 | 4 + 4 | Sat Oct 19 02:23:54 2002 PDT | 2 | 5 + 5 | Sun Oct 19 02:23:54 2003 PDT | 4 | 6 + 6 | Tue Oct 19 02:23:54 2004 PDT | 5 | 7 + 7 | Wed Oct 19 02:23:54 2005 PDT | 6 | 8 + 8 | Thu Oct 19 02:23:54 2006 PDT | 7 | 9 + 9 | Fri Oct 19 02:23:54 2007 PDT | 8 | 10 + 10 | Sun Oct 19 02:23:54 2008 PDT | 9 | 10 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_timestamptz, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from datetimes +window w as (order by f_timestamptz desc range between + '1 year' preceding and '1 year' following); + id | f_timestamptz | first_value | last_value +----+------------------------------+-------------+------------ + 10 | Sun Oct 19 02:23:54 2008 PDT | 10 | 9 + 9 | Fri Oct 19 02:23:54 2007 PDT | 10 | 8 + 8 | Thu Oct 19 02:23:54 2006 PDT | 9 | 7 + 7 | Wed Oct 19 02:23:54 2005 PDT | 8 | 6 + 6 | Tue Oct 19 02:23:54 2004 PDT | 7 | 5 + 5 | Sun Oct 19 02:23:54 2003 PDT | 6 | 4 + 4 | Sat Oct 19 02:23:54 2002 PDT | 5 | 2 + 3 | Fri Oct 19 02:23:54 2001 PDT | 4 | 1 + 2 | Fri Oct 19 02:23:54 2001 PDT | 4 | 1 + 1 | Thu Oct 19 02:23:54 2000 PDT | 3 | 1 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_timestamp, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from datetimes +window w as (order by f_timestamp range between + '1 year'::interval preceding and '1 year'::interval following); + id | f_timestamp | first_value | last_value +----+--------------------------+-------------+------------ + 1 | Thu Oct 19 10:23:54 2000 | 1 | 3 + 2 | Fri Oct 19 10:23:54 2001 | 1 | 4 + 3 | Fri Oct 19 10:23:54 2001 | 1 | 4 + 4 | Sat Oct 19 10:23:54 2002 | 2 | 5 + 5 | Sun Oct 19 10:23:54 2003 | 4 | 6 + 6 | Tue Oct 19 10:23:54 2004 | 5 | 7 + 7 | Wed Oct 19 10:23:54 2005 | 6 | 8 + 8 | Thu Oct 19 10:23:54 2006 | 7 | 9 + 9 | Fri Oct 19 10:23:54 2007 | 8 | 10 + 10 | Sun Oct 19 10:23:54 2008 | 9 | 10 +(10 rows) + +select id, f_timestamp, first_value(id) over w, last_value(id) over w +from datetimes +window w as (order by f_timestamp desc range between + '1 year' preceding and '1 year' following); + id | f_timestamp | first_value | last_value +----+--------------------------+-------------+------------ + 10 | Sun Oct 19 10:23:54 2008 | 10 | 9 + 9 | Fri Oct 19 10:23:54 2007 | 10 | 8 + 8 | Thu Oct 19 10:23:54 2006 | 9 | 7 + 7 | Wed Oct 19 10:23:54 2005 | 8 | 6 + 6 | Tue Oct 19 10:23:54 2004 | 7 | 5 + 5 | Sun Oct 19 10:23:54 2003 | 6 | 4 + 4 | Sat Oct 19 10:23:54 2002 | 5 | 2 + 3 | Fri Oct 19 10:23:54 2001 | 4 | 1 + 2 | Fri Oct 19 10:23:54 2001 | 4 | 1 + 1 | Thu Oct 19 10:23:54 2000 | 3 | 1 +(10 rows) + +-- RANGE offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING error cases +select sum(salary) over (order by enroll_date, salary range between '1 year'::interval preceding and '2 years'::interval following + exclude ties), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; +ERROR: RANGE with offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING requires exactly one ORDER BY column +LINE 1: select sum(salary) over (order by enroll_date, salary range ... + ^ +select sum(salary) over (range between '1 year'::interval preceding and '2 years'::interval following + exclude ties), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; +ERROR: RANGE with offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING requires exactly one ORDER BY column +LINE 1: select sum(salary) over (range between '1 year'::interval pr... + ^ +select sum(salary) over (order by depname range between '1 year'::interval preceding and '2 years'::interval following + exclude ties), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; +ERROR: RANGE with offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING is not supported for column type text +LINE 1: ... sum(salary) over (order by depname range between '1 year'::... + ^ +select max(enroll_date) over (order by enroll_date range between 1 preceding and 2 following + exclude ties), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; +ERROR: RANGE with offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING is not supported for column type date and offset type integer +LINE 1: ...ll_date) over (order by enroll_date range between 1 precedin... + ^ +HINT: Cast the offset value to an appropriate type. +select max(enroll_date) over (order by salary range between -1 preceding and 2 following + exclude ties), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; +ERROR: invalid preceding or following size in window function +select max(enroll_date) over (order by salary range between 1 preceding and -2 following + exclude ties), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; +ERROR: invalid preceding or following size in window function +select max(enroll_date) over (order by salary range between '1 year'::interval preceding and '2 years'::interval following + exclude ties), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; +ERROR: RANGE with offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING is not supported for column type integer and offset type interval +LINE 1: ...(enroll_date) over (order by salary range between '1 year'::... + ^ +HINT: Cast the offset value to an appropriate type. +select max(enroll_date) over (order by enroll_date range between '1 year'::interval preceding and '-2 years'::interval following + exclude ties), salary, enroll_date from empsalary; +ERROR: invalid preceding or following size in window function +-- GROUPS tests +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between unbounded preceding and current row), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 12 | 0 | 0 + 12 | 8 | 0 + 12 | 4 | 0 + 27 | 5 | 1 + 27 | 9 | 1 + 27 | 1 | 1 + 35 | 6 | 2 + 35 | 2 | 2 + 45 | 3 | 3 + 45 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between unbounded preceding and unbounded following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 45 | 0 | 0 + 45 | 8 | 0 + 45 | 4 | 0 + 45 | 5 | 1 + 45 | 9 | 1 + 45 | 1 | 1 + 45 | 6 | 2 + 45 | 2 | 2 + 45 | 3 | 3 + 45 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between current row and unbounded following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 45 | 0 | 0 + 45 | 8 | 0 + 45 | 4 | 0 + 33 | 5 | 1 + 33 | 9 | 1 + 33 | 1 | 1 + 18 | 6 | 2 + 18 | 2 | 2 + 10 | 3 | 3 + 10 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between 1 preceding and unbounded following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 45 | 0 | 0 + 45 | 8 | 0 + 45 | 4 | 0 + 45 | 5 | 1 + 45 | 9 | 1 + 45 | 1 | 1 + 33 | 6 | 2 + 33 | 2 | 2 + 18 | 3 | 3 + 18 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between 1 following and unbounded following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 33 | 0 | 0 + 33 | 8 | 0 + 33 | 4 | 0 + 18 | 5 | 1 + 18 | 9 | 1 + 18 | 1 | 1 + 10 | 6 | 2 + 10 | 2 | 2 + | 3 | 3 + | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between unbounded preceding and 2 following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 35 | 0 | 0 + 35 | 8 | 0 + 35 | 4 | 0 + 45 | 5 | 1 + 45 | 9 | 1 + 45 | 1 | 1 + 45 | 6 | 2 + 45 | 2 | 2 + 45 | 3 | 3 + 45 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between 2 preceding and 1 preceding), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + | 0 | 0 + | 8 | 0 + | 4 | 0 + 12 | 5 | 1 + 12 | 9 | 1 + 12 | 1 | 1 + 27 | 6 | 2 + 27 | 2 | 2 + 23 | 3 | 3 + 23 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between 2 preceding and 1 following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 27 | 0 | 0 + 27 | 8 | 0 + 27 | 4 | 0 + 35 | 5 | 1 + 35 | 9 | 1 + 35 | 1 | 1 + 45 | 6 | 2 + 45 | 2 | 2 + 33 | 3 | 3 + 33 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between 0 preceding and 0 following), + unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 12 | 0 | 0 + 12 | 8 | 0 + 12 | 4 | 0 + 15 | 5 | 1 + 15 | 9 | 1 + 15 | 1 | 1 + 8 | 6 | 2 + 8 | 2 | 2 + 10 | 3 | 3 + 10 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between 2 preceding and 1 following + exclude current row), unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 27 | 0 | 0 + 19 | 8 | 0 + 23 | 4 | 0 + 30 | 5 | 1 + 26 | 9 | 1 + 34 | 1 | 1 + 39 | 6 | 2 + 43 | 2 | 2 + 30 | 3 | 3 + 26 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between 2 preceding and 1 following + exclude group), unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 15 | 0 | 0 + 15 | 8 | 0 + 15 | 4 | 0 + 20 | 5 | 1 + 20 | 9 | 1 + 20 | 1 | 1 + 37 | 6 | 2 + 37 | 2 | 2 + 23 | 3 | 3 + 23 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (order by four groups between 2 preceding and 1 following + exclude ties), unique1, four +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four +-----+---------+------ + 15 | 0 | 0 + 23 | 8 | 0 + 19 | 4 | 0 + 25 | 5 | 1 + 29 | 9 | 1 + 21 | 1 | 1 + 43 | 6 | 2 + 39 | 2 | 2 + 26 | 3 | 3 + 30 | 7 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (partition by ten + order by four groups between 0 preceding and 0 following),unique1, four, ten +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four | ten +-----+---------+------+----- + 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 + 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 + 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 + 4 | 4 | 0 | 4 + 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 + 6 | 6 | 2 | 6 + 7 | 7 | 3 | 7 + 8 | 8 | 0 | 8 + 9 | 9 | 1 | 9 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (partition by ten + order by four groups between 0 preceding and 0 following exclude current row), unique1, four, ten +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four | ten +-----+---------+------+----- + | 0 | 0 | 0 + | 1 | 1 | 1 + | 2 | 2 | 2 + | 3 | 3 | 3 + | 4 | 0 | 4 + | 5 | 1 | 5 + | 6 | 2 | 6 + | 7 | 3 | 7 + | 8 | 0 | 8 + | 9 | 1 | 9 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (partition by ten + order by four groups between 0 preceding and 0 following exclude group), unique1, four, ten +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four | ten +-----+---------+------+----- + | 0 | 0 | 0 + | 1 | 1 | 1 + | 2 | 2 | 2 + | 3 | 3 | 3 + | 4 | 0 | 4 + | 5 | 1 | 5 + | 6 | 2 | 6 + | 7 | 3 | 7 + | 8 | 0 | 8 + | 9 | 1 | 9 +(10 rows) + +SELECT sum(unique1) over (partition by ten + order by four groups between 0 preceding and 0 following exclude ties), unique1, four, ten +FROM tenk1 WHERE unique1 < 10; + sum | unique1 | four | ten +-----+---------+------+----- + 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 + 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 + 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 + 4 | 4 | 0 | 4 + 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 + 6 | 6 | 2 | 6 + 7 | 7 | 3 | 7 + 8 | 8 | 0 | 8 + 9 | 9 | 1 | 9 +(10 rows) + +select first_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date groups between 1 preceding and 1 following), + lead(salary) over(order by enroll_date groups between 1 preceding and 1 following), + nth_value(salary, 1) over(order by enroll_date groups between 1 preceding and 1 following), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + first_value | lead | nth_value | salary | enroll_date +-------------+------+-----------+--------+------------- + 5000 | 6000 | 5000 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 5000 | 3900 | 5000 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 5000 | 4800 | 5000 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 3900 | 5200 | 3900 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 3900 | 4800 | 3900 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 4800 | 5200 | 4800 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 4800 | 3500 | 4800 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 5200 | 4500 | 5200 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 3500 | 4200 | 3500 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 3500 | | 3500 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +select last_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date groups between 1 preceding and 1 following), + lag(salary) over(order by enroll_date groups between 1 preceding and 1 following), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + last_value | lag | salary | enroll_date +------------+------+--------+------------- + 3900 | | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 3900 | 5000 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 5200 | 6000 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 4800 | 3900 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 4800 | 4800 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 5200 | 5200 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 3500 | 4800 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 4200 | 5200 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + 4200 | 3500 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + 4200 | 4500 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +select first_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date groups between 1 following and 3 following + exclude current row), + lead(salary) over(order by enroll_date groups between 1 following and 3 following exclude ties), + nth_value(salary, 1) over(order by enroll_date groups between 1 following and 3 following + exclude ties), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + first_value | lead | nth_value | salary | enroll_date +-------------+------+-----------+--------+------------- + 3900 | 6000 | 3900 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 3900 | 3900 | 3900 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 4800 | 4800 | 4800 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 4800 | 5200 | 4800 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 4800 | 4800 | 4800 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 5200 | 5200 | 5200 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 3500 | 3500 | 3500 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 4500 | 4500 | 4500 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + | 4200 | | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + | | | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +select last_value(salary) over(order by enroll_date groups between 1 following and 3 following + exclude group), + lag(salary) over(order by enroll_date groups between 1 following and 3 following exclude group), + salary, enroll_date from empsalary; + last_value | lag | salary | enroll_date +------------+------+--------+------------- + 4800 | | 5000 | 10-01-2006 + 4800 | 5000 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 + 5200 | 6000 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 + 3500 | 3900 | 4800 | 08-01-2007 + 3500 | 4800 | 5200 | 08-01-2007 + 4200 | 5200 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 + 4200 | 4800 | 5200 | 08-15-2007 + 4200 | 5200 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 + | 3500 | 4500 | 01-01-2008 + | 4500 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 +(10 rows) + +-- Show differences in offset interpretation between ROWS, RANGE, and GROUPS +WITH cte (x) AS ( + SELECT * FROM generate_series(1, 35, 2) +) +SELECT x, (sum(x) over w) +FROM cte +WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY x rows between 1 preceding and 1 following); + x | sum +----+----- + 1 | 4 + 3 | 9 + 5 | 15 + 7 | 21 + 9 | 27 + 11 | 33 + 13 | 39 + 15 | 45 + 17 | 51 + 19 | 57 + 21 | 63 + 23 | 69 + 25 | 75 + 27 | 81 + 29 | 87 + 31 | 93 + 33 | 99 + 35 | 68 +(18 rows) + +WITH cte (x) AS ( + SELECT * FROM generate_series(1, 35, 2) +) +SELECT x, (sum(x) over w) +FROM cte +WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY x range between 1 preceding and 1 following); + x | sum +----+----- + 1 | 1 + 3 | 3 + 5 | 5 + 7 | 7 + 9 | 9 + 11 | 11 + 13 | 13 + 15 | 15 + 17 | 17 + 19 | 19 + 21 | 21 + 23 | 23 + 25 | 25 + 27 | 27 + 29 | 29 + 31 | 31 + 33 | 33 + 35 | 35 +(18 rows) + +WITH cte (x) AS ( + SELECT * FROM generate_series(1, 35, 2) +) +SELECT x, (sum(x) over w) +FROM cte +WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY x groups between 1 preceding and 1 following); + x | sum +----+----- + 1 | 4 + 3 | 9 + 5 | 15 + 7 | 21 + 9 | 27 + 11 | 33 + 13 | 39 + 15 | 45 + 17 | 51 + 19 | 57 + 21 | 63 + 23 | 69 + 25 | 75 + 27 | 81 + 29 | 87 + 31 | 93 + 33 | 99 + 35 | 68 +(18 rows) + +WITH cte (x) AS ( + select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1 union all + SELECT * FROM generate_series(5, 49, 2) +) +SELECT x, (sum(x) over w) +FROM cte +WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY x rows between 1 preceding and 1 following); + x | sum +----+----- + 1 | 2 + 1 | 3 + 1 | 7 + 5 | 13 + 7 | 21 + 9 | 27 + 11 | 33 + 13 | 39 + 15 | 45 + 17 | 51 + 19 | 57 + 21 | 63 + 23 | 69 + 25 | 75 + 27 | 81 + 29 | 87 + 31 | 93 + 33 | 99 + 35 | 105 + 37 | 111 + 39 | 117 + 41 | 123 + 43 | 129 + 45 | 135 + 47 | 141 + 49 | 96 +(26 rows) + +WITH cte (x) AS ( + select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1 union all + SELECT * FROM generate_series(5, 49, 2) +) +SELECT x, (sum(x) over w) +FROM cte +WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY x range between 1 preceding and 1 following); + x | sum +----+----- + 1 | 3 + 1 | 3 + 1 | 3 + 5 | 5 + 7 | 7 + 9 | 9 + 11 | 11 + 13 | 13 + 15 | 15 + 17 | 17 + 19 | 19 + 21 | 21 + 23 | 23 + 25 | 25 + 27 | 27 + 29 | 29 + 31 | 31 + 33 | 33 + 35 | 35 + 37 | 37 + 39 | 39 + 41 | 41 + 43 | 43 + 45 | 45 + 47 | 47 + 49 | 49 +(26 rows) + +WITH cte (x) AS ( + select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1 union all + SELECT * FROM generate_series(5, 49, 2) +) +SELECT x, (sum(x) over w) +FROM cte +WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY x groups between 1 preceding and 1 following); + x | sum +----+----- + 1 | 8 + 1 | 8 + 1 | 8 + 5 | 15 + 7 | 21 + 9 | 27 + 11 | 33 + 13 | 39 + 15 | 45 + 17 | 51 + 19 | 57 + 21 | 63 + 23 | 69 + 25 | 75 + 27 | 81 + 29 | 87 + 31 | 93 + 33 | 99 + 35 | 105 + 37 | 111 + 39 | 117 + 41 | 123 + 43 | 129 + 45 | 135 + 47 | 141 + 49 | 96 +(26 rows) + +-- with UNION +SELECT count(*) OVER (PARTITION BY four) FROM (SELECT * FROM tenk1 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM tenk2)s LIMIT 0; + count +------- +(0 rows) + +-- check some degenerate cases +create temp table t1 (f1 int, f2 int8); +insert into t1 values (1,1),(1,2),(2,2); +select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1 + range between 1 preceding and 1 following) +from t1 where f1 = f2; -- error, must have order by +ERROR: RANGE with offset PRECEDING/FOLLOWING requires exactly one ORDER BY column +LINE 1: select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1 + ^ +explain (costs off) +select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1 order by f2 + range between 1 preceding and 1 following) +from t1 where f1 = f2; + QUERY PLAN +--------------------------------- + WindowAgg + -> Sort + Sort Key: f1 + -> Seq Scan on t1 + Filter: (f1 = f2) +(5 rows) + +select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1 order by f2 + range between 1 preceding and 1 following) +from t1 where f1 = f2; + f1 | sum +----+----- + 1 | 1 + 2 | 2 +(2 rows) + +select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1, f1 order by f2 + range between 2 preceding and 1 preceding) +from t1 where f1 = f2; + f1 | sum +----+----- + 1 | + 2 | +(2 rows) + +select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1, f2 order by f2 + range between 1 following and 2 following) +from t1 where f1 = f2; + f1 | sum +----+----- + 1 | + 2 | +(2 rows) + +select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1 + groups between 1 preceding and 1 following) +from t1 where f1 = f2; -- error, must have order by +ERROR: GROUPS mode requires an ORDER BY clause +LINE 1: select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1 + ^ +explain (costs off) +select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1 order by f2 + groups between 1 preceding and 1 following) +from t1 where f1 = f2; + QUERY PLAN +--------------------------------- + WindowAgg + -> Sort + Sort Key: f1 + -> Seq Scan on t1 + Filter: (f1 = f2) +(5 rows) + +select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1 order by f2 + groups between 1 preceding and 1 following) +from t1 where f1 = f2; + f1 | sum +----+----- + 1 | 1 + 2 | 2 +(2 rows) + +select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1, f1 order by f2 + groups between 2 preceding and 1 preceding) +from t1 where f1 = f2; + f1 | sum +----+----- + 1 | + 2 | +(2 rows) + +select f1, sum(f1) over (partition by f1, f2 order by f2 + groups between 1 following and 2 following) +from t1 where f1 = f2; + f1 | sum +----+----- + 1 | + 2 | +(2 rows) + +-- ordering by a non-integer constant is allowed +SELECT rank() OVER (ORDER BY length('abc')); + rank +------ + 1 +(1 row) + +-- can't order by another window function +SELECT rank() OVER (ORDER BY rank() OVER (ORDER BY random())); +ERROR: window functions are not allowed in window definitions +LINE 1: SELECT rank() OVER (ORDER BY rank() OVER (ORDER BY random())... + ^ +-- some other errors +SELECT * FROM empsalary WHERE row_number() OVER (ORDER BY salary) < 10; +ERROR: window functions are not allowed in WHERE +LINE 1: SELECT * FROM empsalary WHERE row_number() OVER (ORDER BY sa... + ^ +SELECT * FROM empsalary INNER JOIN tenk1 ON row_number() OVER (ORDER BY salary) < 10; +ERROR: window functions are not allowed in JOIN conditions +LINE 1: SELECT * FROM empsalary INNER JOIN tenk1 ON row_number() OVE... + ^ +SELECT rank() OVER (ORDER BY 1), count(*) FROM empsalary GROUP BY 1; +ERROR: window functions are not allowed in GROUP BY +LINE 1: SELECT rank() OVER (ORDER BY 1), count(*) FROM empsalary GRO... + ^ +SELECT * FROM rank() OVER (ORDER BY random()); +ERROR: syntax error at or near "ORDER" +LINE 1: SELECT * FROM rank() OVER (ORDER BY random()); + ^ +DELETE FROM empsalary WHERE (rank() OVER (ORDER BY random())) > 10; +ERROR: window functions are not allowed in WHERE +LINE 1: DELETE FROM empsalary WHERE (rank() OVER (ORDER BY random())... + ^ +DELETE FROM empsalary RETURNING rank() OVER (ORDER BY random()); +ERROR: window functions are not allowed in RETURNING +LINE 1: DELETE FROM empsalary RETURNING rank() OVER (ORDER BY random... + ^ +SELECT count(*) OVER w FROM tenk1 WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY unique1), w AS (ORDER BY unique1); +ERROR: window "w" is already defined +LINE 1: ...w FROM tenk1 WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY unique1), w AS (ORDER BY ... + ^ +SELECT rank() OVER (PARTITION BY four, ORDER BY ten) FROM tenk1; +ERROR: syntax error at or near "ORDER" +LINE 1: SELECT rank() OVER (PARTITION BY four, ORDER BY ten) FROM te... + ^ +SELECT count() OVER () FROM tenk1; +ERROR: count(*) must be used to call a parameterless aggregate function +LINE 1: SELECT count() OVER () FROM tenk1; + ^ +SELECT generate_series(1, 100) OVER () FROM empsalary; +ERROR: OVER specified, but generate_series is not a window function nor an aggregate function +LINE 1: SELECT generate_series(1, 100) OVER () FROM empsalary; + ^ +SELECT ntile(0) OVER (ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1; +ERROR: argument of ntile must be greater than zero +SELECT nth_value(four, 0) OVER (ORDER BY ten), ten, four FROM tenk1; +ERROR: argument of nth_value must be greater than zero +-- filter +SELECT sum(salary), row_number() OVER (ORDER BY depname), sum( + sum(salary) FILTER (WHERE enroll_date > '2007-01-01') +) FILTER (WHERE depname <> 'sales') OVER (ORDER BY depname DESC) AS "filtered_sum", + depname +FROM empsalary GROUP BY depname; + sum | row_number | filtered_sum | depname +-------+------------+--------------+----------- + 25100 | 1 | 22600 | develop + 7400 | 2 | 3500 | personnel + 14600 | 3 | | sales +(3 rows) + +-- Test pushdown of quals into a subquery containing window functions +-- pushdown is safe because all PARTITION BY clauses include depname: +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) +SELECT * FROM + (SELECT depname, + sum(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY depname) depsalary, + min(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY depname || 'A', depname) depminsalary + FROM empsalary) emp +WHERE depname = 'sales'; + QUERY PLAN +-------------------------------------------------------------------------- + Subquery Scan on emp + -> WindowAgg + -> WindowAgg + -> Sort + Sort Key: (((empsalary.depname)::text || 'A'::text)) + -> Seq Scan on empsalary + Filter: ((depname)::text = 'sales'::text) +(7 rows) + +-- pushdown is unsafe because there's a PARTITION BY clause without depname: +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) +SELECT * FROM + (SELECT depname, + sum(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY enroll_date) enroll_salary, + min(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY depname) depminsalary + FROM empsalary) emp +WHERE depname = 'sales'; + QUERY PLAN +------------------------------------------------------- + Subquery Scan on emp + Filter: ((emp.depname)::text = 'sales'::text) + -> WindowAgg + -> Sort + Sort Key: empsalary.enroll_date + -> WindowAgg + -> Sort + Sort Key: empsalary.depname + -> Seq Scan on empsalary +(9 rows) + +-- Test Sort node collapsing +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) +SELECT * FROM + (SELECT depname, + sum(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY depname order by empno) depsalary, + min(salary) OVER (PARTITION BY depname, empno order by enroll_date) depminsalary + FROM empsalary) emp +WHERE depname = 'sales'; + QUERY PLAN +---------------------------------------------------------------------- + Subquery Scan on emp + -> WindowAgg + -> WindowAgg + -> Sort + Sort Key: empsalary.empno, empsalary.enroll_date + -> Seq Scan on empsalary + Filter: ((depname)::text = 'sales'::text) +(7 rows) + +-- Test Sort node reordering +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) +SELECT + lead(1) OVER (PARTITION BY depname ORDER BY salary, enroll_date), + lag(1) OVER (PARTITION BY depname ORDER BY salary,enroll_date,empno) +FROM empsalary; + QUERY PLAN +------------------------------------------------------------- + WindowAgg + -> WindowAgg + -> Sort + Sort Key: depname, salary, enroll_date, empno + -> Seq Scan on empsalary +(5 rows) + +-- Test incremental sorting +EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) +SELECT * FROM + (SELECT depname, + empno, + salary, + enroll_date, + row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY depname ORDER BY enroll_date) AS first_emp, + row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY depname ORDER BY enroll_date DESC) AS last_emp + FROM empsalary) emp +WHERE first_emp = 1 OR last_emp = 1; + QUERY PLAN +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + Subquery Scan on emp + Filter: ((emp.first_emp = 1) OR (emp.last_emp = 1)) + -> WindowAgg + -> Incremental Sort + Sort Key: empsalary.depname, empsalary.enroll_date + Presorted Key: empsalary.depname + -> WindowAgg + -> Sort + Sort Key: empsalary.depname, empsalary.enroll_date DESC + -> Seq Scan on empsalary +(10 rows) + +SELECT * FROM + (SELECT depname, + empno, + salary, + enroll_date, + row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY depname ORDER BY enroll_date) AS first_emp, + row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY depname ORDER BY enroll_date DESC) AS last_emp + FROM empsalary) emp +WHERE first_emp = 1 OR last_emp = 1; + depname | empno | salary | enroll_date | first_emp | last_emp +-----------+-------+--------+-------------+-----------+---------- + develop | 8 | 6000 | 10-01-2006 | 1 | 5 + develop | 7 | 4200 | 01-01-2008 | 5 | 1 + personnel | 2 | 3900 | 12-23-2006 | 1 | 2 + personnel | 5 | 3500 | 12-10-2007 | 2 | 1 + sales | 1 | 5000 | 10-01-2006 | 1 | 3 + sales | 4 | 4800 | 08-08-2007 | 3 | 1 +(6 rows) + +-- cleanup +DROP TABLE empsalary; +-- test user-defined window function with named args and default args +CREATE FUNCTION nth_value_def(val anyelement, n integer = 1) RETURNS anyelement + LANGUAGE internal WINDOW IMMUTABLE STRICT AS 'window_nth_value'; +SELECT nth_value_def(n := 2, val := ten) OVER (PARTITION BY four), ten, four + FROM (SELECT * FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10 ORDER BY four, ten) s; + nth_value_def | ten | four +---------------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 4 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 7 | 1 + 1 | 9 | 1 + | 0 | 2 + 3 | 1 | 3 + 3 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +SELECT nth_value_def(ten) OVER (PARTITION BY four), ten, four + FROM (SELECT * FROM tenk1 WHERE unique2 < 10 ORDER BY four, ten) s; + nth_value_def | ten | four +---------------+-----+------ + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 0 | 0 + 0 | 4 | 0 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 1 | 1 + 1 | 7 | 1 + 1 | 9 | 1 + 0 | 0 | 2 + 1 | 1 | 3 + 1 | 3 | 3 +(10 rows) + +-- +-- Test the basic moving-aggregate machinery +-- +-- create aggregates that record the series of transform calls (these are +-- intentionally not true inverses) +CREATE FUNCTION logging_sfunc_nonstrict(text, anyelement) RETURNS text AS +$$ SELECT COALESCE($1, '') || '*' || quote_nullable($2) $$ +LANGUAGE SQL IMMUTABLE; +CREATE FUNCTION logging_msfunc_nonstrict(text, anyelement) RETURNS text AS +$$ SELECT COALESCE($1, '') || '+' || quote_nullable($2) $$ +LANGUAGE SQL IMMUTABLE; +CREATE FUNCTION logging_minvfunc_nonstrict(text, anyelement) RETURNS text AS +$$ SELECT $1 || '-' || quote_nullable($2) $$ +LANGUAGE SQL IMMUTABLE; +CREATE AGGREGATE logging_agg_nonstrict (anyelement) +( + stype = text, + sfunc = logging_sfunc_nonstrict, + mstype = text, + msfunc = logging_msfunc_nonstrict, + minvfunc = logging_minvfunc_nonstrict +); +CREATE AGGREGATE logging_agg_nonstrict_initcond (anyelement) +( + stype = text, + sfunc = logging_sfunc_nonstrict, + mstype = text, + msfunc = logging_msfunc_nonstrict, + minvfunc = logging_minvfunc_nonstrict, + initcond = 'I', + minitcond = 'MI' +); +CREATE FUNCTION logging_sfunc_strict(text, anyelement) RETURNS text AS +$$ SELECT $1 || '*' || quote_nullable($2) $$ +LANGUAGE SQL STRICT IMMUTABLE; +CREATE FUNCTION logging_msfunc_strict(text, anyelement) RETURNS text AS +$$ SELECT $1 || '+' || quote_nullable($2) $$ +LANGUAGE SQL STRICT IMMUTABLE; +CREATE FUNCTION logging_minvfunc_strict(text, anyelement) RETURNS text AS +$$ SELECT $1 || '-' || quote_nullable($2) $$ +LANGUAGE SQL STRICT IMMUTABLE; +CREATE AGGREGATE logging_agg_strict (text) +( + stype = text, + sfunc = logging_sfunc_strict, + mstype = text, + msfunc = logging_msfunc_strict, + minvfunc = logging_minvfunc_strict +); +CREATE AGGREGATE logging_agg_strict_initcond (anyelement) +( + stype = text, + sfunc = logging_sfunc_strict, + mstype = text, + msfunc = logging_msfunc_strict, + minvfunc = logging_minvfunc_strict, + initcond = 'I', + minitcond = 'MI' +); +-- test strict and non-strict cases +SELECT + p::text || ',' || i::text || ':' || COALESCE(v::text, 'NULL') AS row, + logging_agg_nonstrict(v) over wnd as nstrict, + logging_agg_nonstrict_initcond(v) over wnd as nstrict_init, + logging_agg_strict(v::text) over wnd as strict, + logging_agg_strict_initcond(v) over wnd as strict_init +FROM (VALUES + (1, 1, NULL), + (1, 2, 'a'), + (1, 3, 'b'), + (1, 4, NULL), + (1, 5, NULL), + (1, 6, 'c'), + (2, 1, NULL), + (2, 2, 'x'), + (3, 1, 'z') +) AS t(p, i, v) +WINDOW wnd AS (PARTITION BY P ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) +ORDER BY p, i; + row | nstrict | nstrict_init | strict | strict_init +----------+-----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+-----------+---------------- + 1,1:NULL | +NULL | MI+NULL | | MI + 1,2:a | +NULL+'a' | MI+NULL+'a' | a | MI+'a' + 1,3:b | +NULL+'a'-NULL+'b' | MI+NULL+'a'-NULL+'b' | a+'b' | MI+'a'+'b' + 1,4:NULL | +NULL+'a'-NULL+'b'-'a'+NULL | MI+NULL+'a'-NULL+'b'-'a'+NULL | a+'b'-'a' | MI+'a'+'b'-'a' + 1,5:NULL | +NULL+'a'-NULL+'b'-'a'+NULL-'b'+NULL | MI+NULL+'a'-NULL+'b'-'a'+NULL-'b'+NULL | | MI + 1,6:c | +NULL+'a'-NULL+'b'-'a'+NULL-'b'+NULL-NULL+'c' | MI+NULL+'a'-NULL+'b'-'a'+NULL-'b'+NULL-NULL+'c' | c | MI+'c' + 2,1:NULL | +NULL | MI+NULL | | MI + 2,2:x | +NULL+'x' | MI+NULL+'x' | x | MI+'x' + 3,1:z | +'z' | MI+'z' | z | MI+'z' +(9 rows) + +-- and again, but with filter +SELECT + p::text || ',' || i::text || ':' || + CASE WHEN f THEN COALESCE(v::text, 'NULL') ELSE '-' END as row, + logging_agg_nonstrict(v) filter(where f) over wnd as nstrict_filt, + logging_agg_nonstrict_initcond(v) filter(where f) over wnd as nstrict_init_filt, + logging_agg_strict(v::text) filter(where f) over wnd as strict_filt, + logging_agg_strict_initcond(v) filter(where f) over wnd as strict_init_filt +FROM (VALUES + (1, 1, true, NULL), + (1, 2, false, 'a'), + (1, 3, true, 'b'), + (1, 4, false, NULL), + (1, 5, false, NULL), + (1, 6, false, 'c'), + (2, 1, false, NULL), + (2, 2, true, 'x'), + (3, 1, true, 'z') +) AS t(p, i, f, v) +WINDOW wnd AS (PARTITION BY p ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) +ORDER BY p, i; + row | nstrict_filt | nstrict_init_filt | strict_filt | strict_init_filt +----------+--------------+-------------------+-------------+------------------ + 1,1:NULL | +NULL | MI+NULL | | MI + 1,2:- | +NULL | MI+NULL | | MI + 1,3:b | +'b' | MI+'b' | b | MI+'b' + 1,4:- | +'b' | MI+'b' | b | MI+'b' + 1,5:- | | MI | | MI + 1,6:- | | MI | | MI + 2,1:- | | MI | | MI + 2,2:x | +'x' | MI+'x' | x | MI+'x' + 3,1:z | +'z' | MI+'z' | z | MI+'z' +(9 rows) + +-- test that volatile arguments disable moving-aggregate mode +SELECT + i::text || ':' || COALESCE(v::text, 'NULL') as row, + logging_agg_strict(v::text) + over wnd as inverse, + logging_agg_strict(v::text || CASE WHEN random() < 0 then '?' ELSE '' END) + over wnd as noinverse +FROM (VALUES + (1, 'a'), + (2, 'b'), + (3, 'c') +) AS t(i, v) +WINDOW wnd AS (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) +ORDER BY i; + row | inverse | noinverse +-----+---------------+----------- + 1:a | a | a + 2:b | a+'b' | a*'b' + 3:c | a+'b'-'a'+'c' | b*'c' +(3 rows) + +SELECT + i::text || ':' || COALESCE(v::text, 'NULL') as row, + logging_agg_strict(v::text) filter(where true) + over wnd as inverse, + logging_agg_strict(v::text) filter(where random() >= 0) + over wnd as noinverse +FROM (VALUES + (1, 'a'), + (2, 'b'), + (3, 'c') +) AS t(i, v) +WINDOW wnd AS (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) +ORDER BY i; + row | inverse | noinverse +-----+---------------+----------- + 1:a | a | a + 2:b | a+'b' | a*'b' + 3:c | a+'b'-'a'+'c' | b*'c' +(3 rows) + +-- test that non-overlapping windows don't use inverse transitions +SELECT + logging_agg_strict(v::text) OVER wnd +FROM (VALUES + (1, 'a'), + (2, 'b'), + (3, 'c') +) AS t(i, v) +WINDOW wnd AS (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND CURRENT ROW) +ORDER BY i; + logging_agg_strict +-------------------- + a + b + c +(3 rows) + +-- test that returning NULL from the inverse transition functions +-- restarts the aggregation from scratch. The second aggregate is supposed +-- to test cases where only some aggregates restart, the third one checks +-- that one aggregate restarting doesn't cause others to restart. +CREATE FUNCTION sum_int_randrestart_minvfunc(int4, int4) RETURNS int4 AS +$$ SELECT CASE WHEN random() < 0.2 THEN NULL ELSE $1 - $2 END $$ +LANGUAGE SQL STRICT; +CREATE AGGREGATE sum_int_randomrestart (int4) +( + stype = int4, + sfunc = int4pl, + mstype = int4, + msfunc = int4pl, + minvfunc = sum_int_randrestart_minvfunc +); +WITH +vs AS ( + SELECT i, (random() * 100)::int4 AS v + FROM generate_series(1, 100) AS i +), +sum_following AS ( + SELECT i, SUM(v) OVER + (ORDER BY i DESC ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) AS s + FROM vs +) +SELECT DISTINCT + sum_following.s = sum_int_randomrestart(v) OVER fwd AS eq1, + -sum_following.s = sum_int_randomrestart(-v) OVER fwd AS eq2, + 100*3+(vs.i-1)*3 = length(logging_agg_nonstrict(''::text) OVER fwd) AS eq3 +FROM vs +JOIN sum_following ON sum_following.i = vs.i +WINDOW fwd AS ( + ORDER BY vs.i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING +); + eq1 | eq2 | eq3 +-----+-----+----- + t | t | t +(1 row) + +-- +-- Test various built-in aggregates that have moving-aggregate support +-- +-- test inverse transition functions handle NULLs properly +SELECT i,AVG(v::bigint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | avg +---+-------------------- + 1 | 1.5000000000000000 + 2 | 2.0000000000000000 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,AVG(v::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | avg +---+-------------------- + 1 | 1.5000000000000000 + 2 | 2.0000000000000000 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,AVG(v::smallint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | avg +---+-------------------- + 1 | 1.5000000000000000 + 2 | 2.0000000000000000 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,AVG(v::numeric) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1.5),(2,2.5),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | avg +---+-------------------- + 1 | 2.0000000000000000 + 2 | 2.5000000000000000 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,AVG(v::interval) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,'1 sec'),(2,'2 sec'),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | avg +---+------------ + 1 | @ 1.5 secs + 2 | @ 2 secs + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,SUM(v::smallint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | sum +---+----- + 1 | 3 + 2 | 2 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,SUM(v::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | sum +---+----- + 1 | 3 + 2 | 2 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,SUM(v::bigint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | sum +---+----- + 1 | 3 + 2 | 2 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,SUM(v::money) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,'1.10'),(2,'2.20'),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | sum +---+------- + 1 | $3.30 + 2 | $2.20 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,SUM(v::interval) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,'1 sec'),(2,'2 sec'),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | sum +---+---------- + 1 | @ 3 secs + 2 | @ 2 secs + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,SUM(v::numeric) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1.1),(2,2.2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | sum +---+----- + 1 | 3.3 + 2 | 2.2 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT SUM(n::numeric) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1.01),(2,2),(3,3)) v(i,n); + sum +------ + 6.01 + 5 + 3 +(3 rows) + +SELECT i,COUNT(v) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | count +---+------- + 1 | 2 + 2 | 1 + 3 | 0 + 4 | 0 +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,COUNT(*) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | count +---+------- + 1 | 4 + 2 | 3 + 3 | 2 + 4 | 1 +(4 rows) + +SELECT VAR_POP(n::bigint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + var_pop +----------------------- + 21704.000000000000 + 13868.750000000000 + 11266.666666666667 + 4225.0000000000000000 + 0 +(5 rows) + +SELECT VAR_POP(n::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + var_pop +----------------------- + 21704.000000000000 + 13868.750000000000 + 11266.666666666667 + 4225.0000000000000000 + 0 +(5 rows) + +SELECT VAR_POP(n::smallint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + var_pop +----------------------- + 21704.000000000000 + 13868.750000000000 + 11266.666666666667 + 4225.0000000000000000 + 0 +(5 rows) + +SELECT VAR_POP(n::numeric) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + var_pop +----------------------- + 21704.000000000000 + 13868.750000000000 + 11266.666666666667 + 4225.0000000000000000 + 0 +(5 rows) + +SELECT VAR_SAMP(n::bigint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + var_samp +----------------------- + 27130.000000000000 + 18491.666666666667 + 16900.000000000000 + 8450.0000000000000000 + +(5 rows) + +SELECT VAR_SAMP(n::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + var_samp +----------------------- + 27130.000000000000 + 18491.666666666667 + 16900.000000000000 + 8450.0000000000000000 + +(5 rows) + +SELECT VAR_SAMP(n::smallint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + var_samp +----------------------- + 27130.000000000000 + 18491.666666666667 + 16900.000000000000 + 8450.0000000000000000 + +(5 rows) + +SELECT VAR_SAMP(n::numeric) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + var_samp +----------------------- + 27130.000000000000 + 18491.666666666667 + 16900.000000000000 + 8450.0000000000000000 + +(5 rows) + +SELECT VARIANCE(n::bigint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + variance +----------------------- + 27130.000000000000 + 18491.666666666667 + 16900.000000000000 + 8450.0000000000000000 + +(5 rows) + +SELECT VARIANCE(n::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + variance +----------------------- + 27130.000000000000 + 18491.666666666667 + 16900.000000000000 + 8450.0000000000000000 + +(5 rows) + +SELECT VARIANCE(n::smallint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + variance +----------------------- + 27130.000000000000 + 18491.666666666667 + 16900.000000000000 + 8450.0000000000000000 + +(5 rows) + +SELECT VARIANCE(n::numeric) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + variance +----------------------- + 27130.000000000000 + 18491.666666666667 + 16900.000000000000 + 8450.0000000000000000 + +(5 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV_POP(n::bigint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,NULL),(2,600),(3,470),(4,170),(5,430),(6,300)) r(i,n); + stddev_pop +--------------------- + 147.322774885623 + 147.322774885623 + 117.765657133139 + 106.144555520604 + 65.0000000000000000 + 0 +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV_POP(n::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,NULL),(2,600),(3,470),(4,170),(5,430),(6,300)) r(i,n); + stddev_pop +--------------------- + 147.322774885623 + 147.322774885623 + 117.765657133139 + 106.144555520604 + 65.0000000000000000 + 0 +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV_POP(n::smallint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,NULL),(2,600),(3,470),(4,170),(5,430),(6,300)) r(i,n); + stddev_pop +--------------------- + 147.322774885623 + 147.322774885623 + 117.765657133139 + 106.144555520604 + 65.0000000000000000 + 0 +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV_POP(n::numeric) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,NULL),(2,600),(3,470),(4,170),(5,430),(6,300)) r(i,n); + stddev_pop +--------------------- + 147.322774885623 + 147.322774885623 + 117.765657133139 + 106.144555520604 + 65.0000000000000000 + 0 +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV_SAMP(n::bigint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,NULL),(2,600),(3,470),(4,170),(5,430),(6,300)) r(i,n); + stddev_samp +--------------------- + 164.711869639076 + 164.711869639076 + 135.984067694222 + 130.000000000000 + 91.9238815542511782 + +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV_SAMP(n::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,NULL),(2,600),(3,470),(4,170),(5,430),(6,300)) r(i,n); + stddev_samp +--------------------- + 164.711869639076 + 164.711869639076 + 135.984067694222 + 130.000000000000 + 91.9238815542511782 + +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV_SAMP(n::smallint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,NULL),(2,600),(3,470),(4,170),(5,430),(6,300)) r(i,n); + stddev_samp +--------------------- + 164.711869639076 + 164.711869639076 + 135.984067694222 + 130.000000000000 + 91.9238815542511782 + +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV_SAMP(n::numeric) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,NULL),(2,600),(3,470),(4,170),(5,430),(6,300)) r(i,n); + stddev_samp +--------------------- + 164.711869639076 + 164.711869639076 + 135.984067694222 + 130.000000000000 + 91.9238815542511782 + +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV(n::bigint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(0,NULL),(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + stddev +--------------------- + 164.711869639076 + 164.711869639076 + 135.984067694222 + 130.000000000000 + 91.9238815542511782 + +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV(n::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(0,NULL),(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + stddev +--------------------- + 164.711869639076 + 164.711869639076 + 135.984067694222 + 130.000000000000 + 91.9238815542511782 + +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV(n::smallint) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(0,NULL),(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + stddev +--------------------- + 164.711869639076 + 164.711869639076 + 135.984067694222 + 130.000000000000 + 91.9238815542511782 + +(6 rows) + +SELECT STDDEV(n::numeric) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(0,NULL),(1,600),(2,470),(3,170),(4,430),(5,300)) r(i,n); + stddev +--------------------- + 164.711869639076 + 164.711869639076 + 135.984067694222 + 130.000000000000 + 91.9238815542511782 + +(6 rows) + +-- test that inverse transition functions work with various frame options +SELECT i,SUM(v::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND CURRENT ROW) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | sum +---+----- + 1 | 1 + 2 | 2 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,SUM(v::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND 1 FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,NULL),(4,NULL)) t(i,v); + i | sum +---+----- + 1 | 3 + 2 | 2 + 3 | + 4 | +(4 rows) + +SELECT i,SUM(v::int) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING) + FROM (VALUES(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(4,4)) t(i,v); + i | sum +---+----- + 1 | 3 + 2 | 6 + 3 | 9 + 4 | 7 +(4 rows) + +-- ensure aggregate over numeric properly recovers from NaN values +SELECT a, b, + SUM(b) OVER(ORDER BY A ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) +FROM (VALUES(1,1::numeric),(2,2),(3,'NaN'),(4,3),(5,4)) t(a,b); + a | b | sum +---+-----+----- + 1 | 1 | 1 + 2 | 2 | 3 + 3 | NaN | NaN + 4 | 3 | NaN + 5 | 4 | 7 +(5 rows) + +-- It might be tempting for someone to add an inverse trans function for +-- float and double precision. This should not be done as it can give incorrect +-- results. This test should fail if anyone ever does this without thinking too +-- hard about it. +SELECT to_char(SUM(n::float8) OVER (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND 1 FOLLOWING),'999999999999999999999D9') + FROM (VALUES(1,1e20),(2,1)) n(i,n); + to_char +-------------------------- + 100000000000000000000 + 1.0 +(2 rows) + +SELECT i, b, bool_and(b) OVER w, bool_or(b) OVER w + FROM (VALUES (1,true), (2,true), (3,false), (4,false), (5,true)) v(i,b) + WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND 1 FOLLOWING); + i | b | bool_and | bool_or +---+---+----------+--------- + 1 | t | t | t + 2 | t | f | t + 3 | f | f | f + 4 | f | f | t + 5 | t | t | t +(5 rows) + +-- Tests for problems with failure to walk or mutate expressions +-- within window frame clauses. +-- test walker (fails with collation error if expressions are not walked) +SELECT array_agg(i) OVER w + FROM generate_series(1,5) i +WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY i ROWS BETWEEN (('foo' < 'foobar')::integer) PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW); + array_agg +----------- + {1} + {1,2} + {2,3} + {3,4} + {4,5} +(5 rows) + +-- test mutator (fails when inlined if expressions are not mutated) +CREATE FUNCTION pg_temp.f(group_size BIGINT) RETURNS SETOF integer[] +AS $$ + SELECT array_agg(s) OVER w + FROM generate_series(1,5) s + WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY s ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND GROUP_SIZE FOLLOWING) +$$ LANGUAGE SQL STABLE; +EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM pg_temp.f(2); + QUERY PLAN +------------------------------------------------------ + Subquery Scan on f + -> WindowAgg + -> Sort + Sort Key: s.s + -> Function Scan on generate_series s +(5 rows) + +SELECT * FROM pg_temp.f(2); + f +--------- + {1,2,3} + {2,3,4} + {3,4,5} + {4,5} + {5} +(5 rows) + |