# Copyright (c) 2021, PostgreSQL Global Development Group use strict; use warnings; use PostgresNode; use TestLib; use Test::More; use File::Copy; use FindBin; use lib $FindBin::RealBin; use SSLServer; if ($ENV{with_ssl} ne 'openssl') { plan skip_all => 'OpenSSL not supported by this build'; } else { plan tests => 110; } #### Some configuration # This is the hostname used to connect to the server. This cannot be a # hostname, because the server certificate is always for the domain # postgresql-ssl-regression.test. my $SERVERHOSTADDR = '127.0.0.1'; # This is the pattern to use in pg_hba.conf to match incoming connections. my $SERVERHOSTCIDR = '127.0.0.1/32'; # Allocation of base connection string shared among multiple tests. my $common_connstr; # The client's private key must not be world-readable, so take a copy # of the key stored in the code tree and update its permissions. # # This changes ssl/client.key to ssl/client_tmp.key etc for the rest # of the tests. my @keys = ( "client", "client-revoked", "client-der", "client-encrypted-pem", "client-encrypted-der", "client-dn"); foreach my $key (@keys) { copy("ssl/${key}.key", "ssl/${key}_tmp.key") or die "couldn't copy ssl/${key}.key to ssl/${key}_tmp.key for permissions change: $!"; chmod 0600, "ssl/${key}_tmp.key" or die "failed to change permissions on ssl/${key}_tmp.key: $!"; } # Also make a copy of that explicitly world-readable. We can't # necessarily rely on the file in the source tree having those # permissions. Add it to @keys to include it in the final clean # up phase. copy("ssl/client.key", "ssl/client_wrongperms_tmp.key"); chmod 0644, "ssl/client_wrongperms_tmp.key"; push @keys, 'client_wrongperms'; #### Set up the server. note "setting up data directory"; my $node = get_new_node('primary'); $node->init; # PGHOST is enforced here to set up the node, subsequent connections # will use a dedicated connection string. $ENV{PGHOST} = $node->host; $ENV{PGPORT} = $node->port; $node->start; # Run this before we lock down access below. my $result = $node->safe_psql('postgres', "SHOW ssl_library"); is($result, 'OpenSSL', 'ssl_library parameter'); configure_test_server_for_ssl($node, $SERVERHOSTADDR, $SERVERHOSTCIDR, 'trust'); note "testing password-protected keys"; open my $sslconf, '>', $node->data_dir . "/sslconfig.conf"; print $sslconf "ssl=on\n"; print $sslconf "ssl_cert_file='server-cn-only.crt'\n"; print $sslconf "ssl_key_file='server-password.key'\n"; print $sslconf "ssl_passphrase_command='echo wrongpassword'\n"; close $sslconf; command_fails( [ 'pg_ctl', '-D', $node->data_dir, '-l', $node->logfile, 'restart' ], 'restart fails with password-protected key file with wrong password'); $node->_update_pid(0); open $sslconf, '>', $node->data_dir . "/sslconfig.conf"; print $sslconf "ssl=on\n"; print $sslconf "ssl_cert_file='server-cn-only.crt'\n"; print $sslconf "ssl_key_file='server-password.key'\n"; print $sslconf "ssl_passphrase_command='echo secret1'\n"; close $sslconf; command_ok( [ 'pg_ctl', '-D', $node->data_dir, '-l', $node->logfile, 'restart' ], 'restart succeeds with password-protected key file'); $node->_update_pid(1); # Test compatibility of SSL protocols. # TLSv1.1 is lower than TLSv1.2, so it won't work. $node->append_conf( 'postgresql.conf', qq{ssl_min_protocol_version='TLSv1.2' ssl_max_protocol_version='TLSv1.1'}); command_fails( [ 'pg_ctl', '-D', $node->data_dir, '-l', $node->logfile, 'restart' ], 'restart fails with incorrect SSL protocol bounds'); # Go back to the defaults, this works. $node->append_conf( 'postgresql.conf', qq{ssl_min_protocol_version='TLSv1.2' ssl_max_protocol_version=''}); command_ok( [ 'pg_ctl', '-D', $node->data_dir, '-l', $node->logfile, 'restart' ], 'restart succeeds with correct SSL protocol bounds'); ### Run client-side tests. ### ### Test that libpq accepts/rejects the connection correctly, depending ### on sslmode and whether the server's certificate looks correct. No ### client certificate is used in these tests. note "running client tests"; switch_server_cert($node, 'server-cn-only'); # Set of default settings for SSL parameters in connection string. This # makes the tests protected against any defaults the environment may have # in ~/.postgresql/. my $default_ssl_connstr = "sslkey=invalid sslcert=invalid sslrootcert=invalid sslcrl=invalid sslcrldir=invalid"; $common_connstr = "$default_ssl_connstr user=ssltestuser dbname=trustdb hostaddr=$SERVERHOSTADDR host=common-name.pg-ssltest.test"; # The server should not accept non-SSL connections. $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslmode=disable", "server doesn't accept non-SSL connections", expected_stderr => qr/\Qno pg_hba.conf entry\E/); # Try without a root cert. In sslmode=require, this should work. In verify-ca # or verify-full mode it should fail. $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=invalid sslmode=require", "connect without server root cert sslmode=require"); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=invalid sslmode=verify-ca", "connect without server root cert sslmode=verify-ca", expected_stderr => qr/root certificate file "invalid" does not exist/); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=invalid sslmode=verify-full", "connect without server root cert sslmode=verify-full", expected_stderr => qr/root certificate file "invalid" does not exist/); # Try with wrong root cert, should fail. (We're using the client CA as the # root, but the server's key is signed by the server CA.) $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/client_ca.crt sslmode=require", "connect with wrong server root cert sslmode=require", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: certificate verify failed/); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/client_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca", "connect with wrong server root cert sslmode=verify-ca", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: certificate verify failed/); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/client_ca.crt sslmode=verify-full", "connect with wrong server root cert sslmode=verify-full", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: certificate verify failed/); # Try with just the server CA's cert. This fails because the root file # must contain the whole chain up to the root CA. $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca", "connect with server CA cert, without root CA", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: certificate verify failed/); # And finally, with the correct root cert. $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=require", "connect with correct server CA cert file sslmode=require"); $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca", "connect with correct server CA cert file sslmode=verify-ca"); $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-full", "connect with correct server CA cert file sslmode=verify-full"); # Test with cert root file that contains two certificates. The client should # be able to pick the right one, regardless of the order in the file. $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/both-cas-1.crt sslmode=verify-ca", "cert root file that contains two certificates, order 1"); $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/both-cas-2.crt sslmode=verify-ca", "cert root file that contains two certificates, order 2"); # CRL tests # Invalid CRL filename is the same as no CRL, succeeds $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca sslcrl=invalid", "sslcrl option with invalid file name"); # A CRL belonging to a different CA is not accepted, fails $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca sslcrl=ssl/client.crl", "CRL belonging to a different CA", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: certificate verify failed/); # The same for CRL directory. sslcrl='' is added here to override the # invalid default, so as this does not interfere with this case. $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslcrl='' sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca sslcrldir=ssl/client-crldir", "directory CRL belonging to a different CA", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: certificate verify failed/); # With the correct CRL, succeeds (this cert is not revoked) $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca sslcrl=ssl/root+server.crl", "CRL with a non-revoked cert"); # The same for CRL directory $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca sslcrldir=ssl/root+server-crldir", "directory CRL with a non-revoked cert"); # Check that connecting with verify-full fails, when the hostname doesn't # match the hostname in the server's certificate. $common_connstr = "$default_ssl_connstr user=ssltestuser dbname=trustdb sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt hostaddr=$SERVERHOSTADDR"; $node->connect_ok("$common_connstr sslmode=require host=wronghost.test", "mismatch between host name and server certificate sslmode=require"); $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslmode=verify-ca host=wronghost.test", "mismatch between host name and server certificate sslmode=verify-ca"); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslmode=verify-full host=wronghost.test", "mismatch between host name and server certificate sslmode=verify-full", expected_stderr => qr/\Qserver certificate for "common-name.pg-ssltest.test" does not match host name "wronghost.test"\E/ ); # Test Subject Alternative Names. switch_server_cert($node, 'server-multiple-alt-names'); $common_connstr = "$default_ssl_connstr user=ssltestuser dbname=trustdb sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt hostaddr=$SERVERHOSTADDR sslmode=verify-full"; $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr host=dns1.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test", "host name matching with X.509 Subject Alternative Names 1"); $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr host=dns2.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test", "host name matching with X.509 Subject Alternative Names 2"); $node->connect_ok("$common_connstr host=foo.wildcard.pg-ssltest.test", "host name matching with X.509 Subject Alternative Names wildcard"); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr host=wronghost.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test", "host name not matching with X.509 Subject Alternative Names", expected_stderr => qr/\Qserver certificate for "dns1.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test" (and 2 other names) does not match host name "wronghost.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test"\E/ ); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr host=deep.subdomain.wildcard.pg-ssltest.test", "host name not matching with X.509 Subject Alternative Names wildcard", expected_stderr => qr/\Qserver certificate for "dns1.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test" (and 2 other names) does not match host name "deep.subdomain.wildcard.pg-ssltest.test"\E/ ); # Test certificate with a single Subject Alternative Name. (this gives a # slightly different error message, that's all) switch_server_cert($node, 'server-single-alt-name'); $common_connstr = "$default_ssl_connstr user=ssltestuser dbname=trustdb sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt hostaddr=$SERVERHOSTADDR sslmode=verify-full"; $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr host=single.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test", "host name matching with a single X.509 Subject Alternative Name"); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr host=wronghost.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test", "host name not matching with a single X.509 Subject Alternative Name", expected_stderr => qr/\Qserver certificate for "single.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test" does not match host name "wronghost.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test"\E/ ); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr host=deep.subdomain.wildcard.pg-ssltest.test", "host name not matching with a single X.509 Subject Alternative Name wildcard", expected_stderr => qr/\Qserver certificate for "single.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test" does not match host name "deep.subdomain.wildcard.pg-ssltest.test"\E/ ); # Test server certificate with a CN and SANs. Per RFCs 2818 and 6125, the CN # should be ignored when the certificate has both. switch_server_cert($node, 'server-cn-and-alt-names'); $common_connstr = "$default_ssl_connstr user=ssltestuser dbname=trustdb sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt hostaddr=$SERVERHOSTADDR sslmode=verify-full"; $node->connect_ok("$common_connstr host=dns1.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test", "certificate with both a CN and SANs 1"); $node->connect_ok("$common_connstr host=dns2.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test", "certificate with both a CN and SANs 2"); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr host=common-name.pg-ssltest.test", "certificate with both a CN and SANs ignores CN", expected_stderr => qr/\Qserver certificate for "dns1.alt-name.pg-ssltest.test" (and 1 other name) does not match host name "common-name.pg-ssltest.test"\E/ ); # Finally, test a server certificate that has no CN or SANs. Of course, that's # not a very sensible certificate, but libpq should handle it gracefully. switch_server_cert($node, 'server-no-names'); $common_connstr = "$default_ssl_connstr user=ssltestuser dbname=trustdb sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt hostaddr=$SERVERHOSTADDR"; $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslmode=verify-ca host=common-name.pg-ssltest.test", "server certificate without CN or SANs sslmode=verify-ca"); $node->connect_fails( $common_connstr . " " . "sslmode=verify-full host=common-name.pg-ssltest.test", "server certificate without CN or SANs sslmode=verify-full", expected_stderr => qr/could not get server's host name from server certificate/); # Test that the CRL works switch_server_cert($node, 'server-revoked'); $common_connstr = "$default_ssl_connstr user=ssltestuser dbname=trustdb hostaddr=$SERVERHOSTADDR host=common-name.pg-ssltest.test"; # Without the CRL, succeeds. With it, fails. $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca", "connects without client-side CRL"); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca sslcrl=ssl/root+server.crl", "does not connect with client-side CRL file", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: certificate verify failed/); # sslcrl='' is added here to override the invalid default, so as this # does not interfere with this case. $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslcrl='' sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca sslcrldir=ssl/root+server-crldir", "does not connect with client-side CRL directory", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: certificate verify failed/); # pg_stat_ssl command_like( [ 'psql', '-X', '-A', '-F', ',', '-P', 'null=_null_', '-d', "$common_connstr sslrootcert=invalid", '-c', "SELECT * FROM pg_stat_ssl WHERE pid = pg_backend_pid()" ], qr{^pid,ssl,version,cipher,bits,client_dn,client_serial,issuer_dn\r?\n ^\d+,t,TLSv[\d.]+,[\w-]+,\d+,_null_,_null_,_null_\r?$}mx, 'pg_stat_ssl view without client certificate'); # Test min/max SSL protocol versions. $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=require ssl_min_protocol_version=TLSv1.2 ssl_max_protocol_version=TLSv1.2", "connection success with correct range of TLS protocol versions"); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=require ssl_min_protocol_version=TLSv1.2 ssl_max_protocol_version=TLSv1.1", "connection failure with incorrect range of TLS protocol versions", expected_stderr => qr/invalid SSL protocol version range/); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=require ssl_min_protocol_version=incorrect_tls", "connection failure with an incorrect SSL protocol minimum bound", expected_stderr => qr/invalid ssl_min_protocol_version value/); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=require ssl_max_protocol_version=incorrect_tls", "connection failure with an incorrect SSL protocol maximum bound", expected_stderr => qr/invalid ssl_max_protocol_version value/); ### Server-side tests. ### ### Test certificate authorization. note "running server tests"; $common_connstr = "$default_ssl_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=require dbname=certdb hostaddr=$SERVERHOSTADDR host=localhost"; # no client cert $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=invalid", "certificate authorization fails without client cert", expected_stderr => qr/connection requires a valid client certificate/); # correct client cert in unencrypted PEM $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client_tmp.key", "certificate authorization succeeds with correct client cert in PEM format" ); # correct client cert in unencrypted DER $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client-der_tmp.key", "certificate authorization succeeds with correct client cert in DER format" ); # correct client cert in encrypted PEM $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client-encrypted-pem_tmp.key sslpassword='dUmmyP^#+'", "certificate authorization succeeds with correct client cert in encrypted PEM format" ); # correct client cert in encrypted DER $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client-encrypted-der_tmp.key sslpassword='dUmmyP^#+'", "certificate authorization succeeds with correct client cert in encrypted DER format" ); # correct client cert in encrypted PEM with wrong password $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client-encrypted-pem_tmp.key sslpassword='wrong'", "certificate authorization fails with correct client cert and wrong password in encrypted PEM format", expected_stderr => qr!\Qprivate key file "ssl/client-encrypted-pem_tmp.key": bad decrypt\E! ); # correct client cert using whole DN my $dn_connstr = "$common_connstr dbname=certdb_dn"; $node->connect_ok( "$dn_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client-dn.crt sslkey=ssl/client-dn_tmp.key", "certificate authorization succeeds with DN mapping", log_like => [ qr/connection authenticated: identity="CN=ssltestuser-dn,OU=Testing,OU=Engineering,O=PGDG" method=cert/ ],); # same thing but with a regex $dn_connstr = "$common_connstr dbname=certdb_dn_re"; $node->connect_ok( "$dn_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client-dn.crt sslkey=ssl/client-dn_tmp.key", "certificate authorization succeeds with DN regex mapping"); # same thing but using explicit CN $dn_connstr = "$common_connstr dbname=certdb_cn"; $node->connect_ok( "$dn_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client-dn.crt sslkey=ssl/client-dn_tmp.key", "certificate authorization succeeds with CN mapping", # the full DN should still be used as the authenticated identity log_like => [ qr/connection authenticated: identity="CN=ssltestuser-dn,OU=Testing,OU=Engineering,O=PGDG" method=cert/ ],); TODO: { # these tests are left here waiting on us to get better pty support # so they don't hang. For now they are not performed. todo_skip "Need Pty support", 4; # correct client cert in encrypted PEM with empty password $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client-encrypted-pem_tmp.key sslpassword=''", "certificate authorization fails with correct client cert and empty password in encrypted PEM format", expected_stderr => qr!\Qprivate key file "ssl/client-encrypted-pem_tmp.key": processing error\E! ); # correct client cert in encrypted PEM with no password $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client-encrypted-pem_tmp.key", "certificate authorization fails with correct client cert and no password in encrypted PEM format", expected_stderr => qr!\Qprivate key file "ssl/client-encrypted-pem_tmp.key": processing error\E! ); } # pg_stat_ssl command_like( [ 'psql', '-X', '-A', '-F', ',', '-P', 'null=_null_', '-d', "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client_tmp.key", '-c', "SELECT * FROM pg_stat_ssl WHERE pid = pg_backend_pid()" ], qr{^pid,ssl,version,cipher,bits,client_dn,client_serial,issuer_dn\r?\n ^\d+,t,TLSv[\d.]+,[\w-]+,\d+,/CN=ssltestuser,1,\Q/CN=Test CA for PostgreSQL SSL regression test client certs\E\r?$}mx, 'pg_stat_ssl with client certificate'); # client key with wrong permissions SKIP: { skip "Permissions check not enforced on Windows", 2 if ($windows_os); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client_wrongperms_tmp.key", "certificate authorization fails because of file permissions", expected_stderr => qr!\Qprivate key file "ssl/client_wrongperms_tmp.key" has group or world access\E! ); } # client cert belonging to another user $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr user=anotheruser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client_tmp.key", "certificate authorization fails with client cert belonging to another user", expected_stderr => qr/certificate authentication failed for user "anotheruser"/, # certificate authentication should be logged even on failure log_like => [qr/connection authenticated: identity="CN=ssltestuser" method=cert/],); # revoked client cert $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client-revoked.crt sslkey=ssl/client-revoked_tmp.key", "certificate authorization fails with revoked client cert", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: sslv3 alert certificate revoked/, # revoked certificates should not authenticate the user log_unlike => [qr/connection authenticated:/],); # Check that connecting with auth-option verify-full in pg_hba: # works, iff username matches Common Name # fails, iff username doesn't match Common Name. $common_connstr = "$default_ssl_connstr sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=require dbname=verifydb hostaddr=$SERVERHOSTADDR host=localhost"; $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client_tmp.key", "auth_option clientcert=verify-full succeeds with matching username and Common Name", # verify-full does not provide authentication log_unlike => [qr/connection authenticated:/],); $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr user=anotheruser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client_tmp.key", "auth_option clientcert=verify-full fails with mismatching username and Common Name", expected_stderr => qr/FATAL: .* "trust" authentication failed for user "anotheruser"/, # verify-full does not provide authentication log_unlike => [qr/connection authenticated:/],); # Check that connecting with auth-optionverify-ca in pg_hba : # works, when username doesn't match Common Name $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr user=yetanotheruser sslcert=ssl/client.crt sslkey=ssl/client_tmp.key", "auth_option clientcert=verify-ca succeeds with mismatching username and Common Name", # verify-full does not provide authentication log_unlike => [qr/connection authenticated:/],); # intermediate client_ca.crt is provided by client, and isn't in server's ssl_ca_file switch_server_cert($node, 'server-cn-only', 'root_ca'); $common_connstr = "$default_ssl_connstr user=ssltestuser dbname=certdb sslkey=ssl/client_tmp.key sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt hostaddr=$SERVERHOSTADDR host=localhost"; $node->connect_ok( "$common_connstr sslmode=require sslcert=ssl/client+client_ca.crt", "intermediate client certificate is provided by client"); $node->connect_fails( $common_connstr . " " . "sslmode=require sslcert=ssl/client.crt", "intermediate client certificate is missing", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: tlsv1 alert unknown ca/); # test server-side CRL directory switch_server_cert($node, 'server-cn-only', undef, undef, 'root+client-crldir'); # revoked client cert $node->connect_fails( "$common_connstr user=ssltestuser sslcert=ssl/client-revoked.crt sslkey=ssl/client-revoked_tmp.key", "certificate authorization fails with revoked client cert with server-side CRL directory", expected_stderr => qr/SSL error: sslv3 alert certificate revoked/); # clean up foreach my $key (@keys) { unlink("ssl/${key}_tmp.key"); }