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-rw-r--r--contrib/citext/sql/citext.sql810
-rw-r--r--contrib/citext/sql/citext_utf8.sql51
-rw-r--r--contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql88
3 files changed, 949 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/citext/sql/citext.sql b/contrib/citext/sql/citext.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b329253
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/citext/sql/citext.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,810 @@
+--
+-- Test citext datatype
+--
+
+CREATE EXTENSION citext;
+
+-- Check whether any of our opclasses fail amvalidate
+SELECT amname, opcname
+FROM pg_opclass opc LEFT JOIN pg_am am ON am.oid = opcmethod
+WHERE opc.oid >= 16384 AND NOT amvalidate(opc.oid);
+
+-- Test the operators and indexing functions
+
+-- Test = and <>.
+SELECT 'a'::citext = 'a'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'a'::citext = 'A'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'a'::citext = 'A'::text AS f; -- text wins the discussion
+SELECT 'a'::citext = 'b'::citext AS f;
+SELECT 'a'::citext = 'ab'::citext AS f;
+SELECT 'a'::citext <> 'ab'::citext AS t;
+
+-- Test > and >=
+SELECT 'B'::citext > 'a'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'b'::citext > 'A'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'B'::citext > 'b'::citext AS f;
+SELECT 'B'::citext >= 'b'::citext AS t;
+
+-- Test < and <=
+SELECT 'a'::citext < 'B'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'a'::citext <= 'B'::citext AS t;
+
+-- Test implicit casting. citext casts to text, but not vice-versa.
+SELECT 'a'::citext = 'a'::text AS t;
+SELECT 'A'::text <> 'a'::citext AS t;
+
+SELECT 'B'::citext < 'a'::text AS t; -- text wins.
+SELECT 'B'::citext <= 'a'::text AS t; -- text wins.
+
+SELECT 'a'::citext > 'B'::text AS t; -- text wins.
+SELECT 'a'::citext >= 'B'::text AS t; -- text wins.
+
+-- Test implicit casting. citext casts to varchar, but not vice-versa.
+SELECT 'a'::citext = 'a'::varchar AS t;
+SELECT 'A'::varchar <> 'a'::citext AS t;
+
+SELECT 'B'::citext < 'a'::varchar AS t; -- varchar wins.
+SELECT 'B'::citext <= 'a'::varchar AS t; -- varchar wins.
+
+SELECT 'a'::citext > 'B'::varchar AS t; -- varchar wins.
+SELECT 'a'::citext >= 'B'::varchar AS t; -- varchar wins.
+
+-- A couple of longer examples to ensure that we don't get any issues with bad
+-- conversions to char[] in the c code. Yes, I did do this.
+
+SELECT 'aardvark'::citext = 'aardvark'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'aardvark'::citext = 'aardVark'::citext AS t;
+
+-- Check the citext_cmp() function explicitly.
+SELECT citext_cmp('aardvark'::citext, 'aardvark'::citext) AS zero;
+SELECT citext_cmp('aardvark'::citext, 'aardVark'::citext) AS zero;
+SELECT citext_cmp('AARDVARK'::citext, 'AARDVARK'::citext) AS zero;
+SELECT citext_cmp('B'::citext, 'a'::citext) > 0 AS true;
+
+-- Check the citext_hash() and citext_hash_extended() function explicitly.
+SELECT v as value, citext_hash(v)::bit(32) as standard,
+ citext_hash_extended(v, 0)::bit(32) as extended0,
+ citext_hash_extended(v, 1)::bit(32) as extended1
+FROM (VALUES (NULL::citext), ('PostgreSQL'), ('eIpUEtqmY89'), ('AXKEJBTK'),
+ ('muop28x03'), ('yi3nm0d73')) x(v)
+WHERE citext_hash(v)::bit(32) != citext_hash_extended(v, 0)::bit(32)
+ OR citext_hash(v)::bit(32) = citext_hash_extended(v, 1)::bit(32);
+
+-- Do some tests using a table and index.
+
+CREATE TEMP TABLE try (
+ name citext PRIMARY KEY
+);
+
+INSERT INTO try (name)
+VALUES ('a'), ('ab'), ('â'), ('aba'), ('b'), ('ba'), ('bab'), ('AZ');
+
+SELECT name, 'a' = name AS eq_a FROM try WHERE name <> 'â';
+SELECT name, 'a' = name AS t FROM try where name = 'a';
+SELECT name, 'A' = name AS "eq_A" FROM try WHERE name <> 'â';
+SELECT name, 'A' = name AS t FROM try where name = 'A';
+SELECT name, 'A' = name AS t FROM try where name = 'A';
+
+-- expected failures on duplicate key
+INSERT INTO try (name) VALUES ('a');
+INSERT INTO try (name) VALUES ('A');
+INSERT INTO try (name) VALUES ('aB');
+
+-- Make sure that citext_smaller() and citext_larger() work properly.
+SELECT citext_smaller( 'ab'::citext, 'ac'::citext ) = 'ab' AS t;
+SELECT citext_smaller( 'ABC'::citext, 'bbbb'::citext ) = 'ABC' AS t;
+SELECT citext_smaller( 'aardvark'::citext, 'Aaba'::citext ) = 'Aaba' AS t;
+SELECT citext_smaller( 'aardvark'::citext, 'AARDVARK'::citext ) = 'AARDVARK' AS t;
+
+SELECT citext_larger( 'ab'::citext, 'ac'::citext ) = 'ac' AS t;
+SELECT citext_larger( 'ABC'::citext, 'bbbb'::citext ) = 'bbbb' AS t;
+SELECT citext_larger( 'aardvark'::citext, 'Aaba'::citext ) = 'aardvark' AS t;
+
+-- Test aggregate functions and sort ordering
+
+CREATE TEMP TABLE srt (
+ name CITEXT
+);
+
+INSERT INTO srt (name)
+VALUES ('abb'),
+ ('ABA'),
+ ('ABC'),
+ ('abd');
+
+CREATE INDEX srt_name ON srt (name);
+
+-- Check the min() and max() aggregates, with and without index.
+set enable_seqscan = off;
+SELECT MIN(name) AS "ABA" FROM srt;
+SELECT MAX(name) AS abd FROM srt;
+reset enable_seqscan;
+set enable_indexscan = off;
+SELECT MIN(name) AS "ABA" FROM srt;
+SELECT MAX(name) AS abd FROM srt;
+reset enable_indexscan;
+
+-- Check sorting likewise
+set enable_seqscan = off;
+SELECT name FROM srt ORDER BY name;
+reset enable_seqscan;
+set enable_indexscan = off;
+SELECT name FROM srt ORDER BY name;
+reset enable_indexscan;
+
+-- Test assignment casts.
+SELECT LOWER(name) as aba FROM srt WHERE name = 'ABA'::text;
+SELECT LOWER(name) as aba FROM srt WHERE name = 'ABA'::varchar;
+SELECT LOWER(name) as aba FROM srt WHERE name = 'ABA'::bpchar;
+SELECT LOWER(name) as aba FROM srt WHERE name = 'ABA';
+SELECT LOWER(name) as aba FROM srt WHERE name = 'ABA'::citext;
+
+-- LIKE should be case-insensitive
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name LIKE '%a%' ORDER BY name;
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name NOT LIKE '%b%' ORDER BY name;
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name LIKE '%A%' ORDER BY name;
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name NOT LIKE '%B%' ORDER BY name;
+
+-- ~~ should be case-insensitive
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name ~~ '%a%' ORDER BY name;
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name !~~ '%b%' ORDER BY name;
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name ~~ '%A%' ORDER BY name;
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name !~~ '%B%' ORDER BY name;
+
+-- ~ should be case-insensitive
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name ~ '^a' ORDER BY name;
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name !~ 'a$' ORDER BY name;
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name ~ '^A' ORDER BY name;
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name !~ 'A$' ORDER BY name;
+
+-- SIMILAR TO should be case-insensitive.
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name SIMILAR TO '%a.*';
+SELECT name FROM srt WHERE name SIMILAR TO '%A.*';
+
+-- Explicit casts.
+SELECT true::citext = 'true' AS t;
+SELECT 'true'::citext::boolean = true AS t;
+
+SELECT 4::citext = '4' AS t;
+SELECT 4::int4::citext = '4' AS t;
+SELECT '4'::citext::int4 = 4 AS t;
+SELECT 4::integer::citext = '4' AS t;
+SELECT '4'::citext::integer = 4 AS t;
+
+SELECT 4::int8::citext = '4' AS t;
+SELECT '4'::citext::int8 = 4 AS t;
+SELECT 4::bigint::citext = '4' AS t;
+SELECT '4'::citext::bigint = 4 AS t;
+
+SELECT 4::int2::citext = '4' AS t;
+SELECT '4'::citext::int2 = 4 AS t;
+SELECT 4::smallint::citext = '4' AS t;
+SELECT '4'::citext::smallint = 4 AS t;
+
+SELECT 4.0::numeric = '4.0' AS t;
+SELECT '4.0'::citext::numeric = 4.0 AS t;
+SELECT 4.0::decimal = '4.0' AS t;
+SELECT '4.0'::citext::decimal = 4.0 AS t;
+
+SELECT 4.0::real = '4.0' AS t;
+SELECT '4.0'::citext::real = 4.0 AS t;
+SELECT 4.0::float4 = '4.0' AS t;
+SELECT '4.0'::citext::float4 = 4.0 AS t;
+
+SELECT 4.0::double precision = '4.0' AS t;
+SELECT '4.0'::citext::double precision = 4.0 AS t;
+SELECT 4.0::float8 = '4.0' AS t;
+SELECT '4.0'::citext::float8 = 4.0 AS t;
+
+SELECT 'foo'::name::citext = 'foo' AS t;
+SELECT 'foo'::citext::name = 'foo'::name AS t;
+
+SELECT 'f'::char::citext = 'f' AS t;
+SELECT 'f'::citext::char = 'f'::char AS t;
+
+SELECT 'f'::"char"::citext = 'f' AS t;
+SELECT 'f'::citext::"char" = 'f'::"char" AS t;
+
+SELECT '100'::money::citext = '$100.00' AS t;
+SELECT '100'::citext::money = '100'::money AS t;
+
+SELECT 'a'::char::citext = 'a' AS t;
+SELECT 'a'::citext::char = 'a'::char AS t;
+
+SELECT 'foo'::varchar::citext = 'foo' AS t;
+SELECT 'foo'::citext::varchar = 'foo'::varchar AS t;
+
+SELECT 'foo'::text::citext = 'foo' AS t;
+SELECT 'foo'::citext::text = 'foo'::text AS t;
+
+SELECT '192.168.100.128/25'::cidr::citext = '192.168.100.128/25' AS t;
+SELECT '192.168.100.128/25'::citext::cidr = '192.168.100.128/25'::cidr AS t;
+
+SELECT '192.168.100.128'::inet::citext = '192.168.100.128/32' AS t;
+SELECT '192.168.100.128'::citext::inet = '192.168.100.128'::inet AS t;
+
+SELECT '08:00:2b:01:02:03'::macaddr::citext = '08:00:2b:01:02:03' AS t;
+SELECT '08:00:2b:01:02:03'::citext::macaddr = '08:00:2b:01:02:03'::macaddr AS t;
+
+SELECT '1999-01-08 04:05:06'::timestamp::citext = '1999-01-08 04:05:06'::timestamp::text AS t;
+SELECT '1999-01-08 04:05:06'::citext::timestamp = '1999-01-08 04:05:06'::timestamp AS t;
+SELECT '1999-01-08 04:05:06'::timestamptz::citext = '1999-01-08 04:05:06'::timestamptz::text AS t;
+SELECT '1999-01-08 04:05:06'::citext::timestamptz = '1999-01-08 04:05:06'::timestamptz AS t;
+
+SELECT '1 hour'::interval::citext = '1 hour'::interval::text AS t;
+SELECT '1 hour'::citext::interval = '1 hour'::interval AS t;
+
+SELECT '1999-01-08'::date::citext = '1999-01-08'::date::text AS t;
+SELECT '1999-01-08'::citext::date = '1999-01-08'::date AS t;
+
+SELECT '04:05:06'::time::citext = '04:05:06' AS t;
+SELECT '04:05:06'::citext::time = '04:05:06'::time AS t;
+SELECT '04:05:06'::timetz::citext = '04:05:06'::timetz::text AS t;
+SELECT '04:05:06'::citext::timetz = '04:05:06'::timetz AS t;
+
+SELECT '( 1 , 1)'::point::citext = '(1,1)' AS t;
+SELECT '( 1 , 1)'::citext::point ~= '(1,1)'::point AS t;
+SELECT '( 1 , 1 ) , ( 2 , 2 )'::lseg::citext = '[(1,1),(2,2)]' AS t;
+SELECT '( 1 , 1 ) , ( 2 , 2 )'::citext::lseg = '[(1,1),(2,2)]'::lseg AS t;
+SELECT '( 0 , 0 ) , ( 1 , 1 )'::box::citext = '(0,0),(1,1)'::box::text AS t;
+SELECT '( 0 , 0 ) , ( 1 , 1 )'::citext::box ~= '(0,0),(1,1)'::text::box AS t;
+
+SELECT '((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path::citext = '((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))' AS t;
+SELECT '((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::citext::path = '((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path AS t;
+
+SELECT '((0,0),(1,1))'::polygon::citext = '((0,0),(1,1))' AS t;
+SELECT '((0,0),(1,1))'::citext::polygon ~= '((0,0),(1,1))'::polygon AS t;
+
+SELECT '((0,0),2)'::circle::citext = '((0,0),2)'::circle::text AS t;
+SELECT '((0,0),2)'::citext::circle ~= '((0,0),2)'::text::circle AS t;
+
+SELECT '101'::bit::citext = '101'::bit::text AS t;
+SELECT '101'::citext::bit = '101'::text::bit AS t;
+SELECT '101'::bit varying::citext = '101'::bit varying::text AS t;
+SELECT '101'::citext::bit varying = '101'::text::bit varying AS t;
+SELECT 'a fat cat'::tsvector::citext = '''a'' ''cat'' ''fat''' AS t;
+SELECT 'a fat cat'::citext::tsvector = 'a fat cat'::tsvector AS t;
+SELECT 'fat & rat'::tsquery::citext = '''fat'' & ''rat''' AS t;
+SELECT 'fat & rat'::citext::tsquery = 'fat & rat'::tsquery AS t;
+SELECT 'a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11'::uuid::citext = 'a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11' AS t;
+SELECT 'a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11'::citext::uuid = 'a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11'::uuid AS t;
+
+CREATE TYPE mood AS ENUM ('sad', 'ok', 'happy');
+SELECT 'sad'::mood::citext = 'sad' AS t;
+SELECT 'sad'::citext::mood = 'sad'::mood AS t;
+
+-- Assignment casts.
+CREATE TABLE caster (
+ citext citext,
+ text text,
+ varchar varchar,
+ bpchar bpchar,
+ char char,
+ chr "char",
+ name name,
+ bytea bytea,
+ boolean boolean,
+ float4 float4,
+ float8 float8,
+ numeric numeric,
+ int8 int8,
+ int4 int4,
+ int2 int2,
+ cidr cidr,
+ inet inet,
+ macaddr macaddr,
+ money money,
+ timestamp timestamp,
+ timestamptz timestamptz,
+ interval interval,
+ date date,
+ time time,
+ timetz timetz,
+ point point,
+ lseg lseg,
+ box box,
+ path path,
+ polygon polygon,
+ circle circle,
+ bit bit,
+ bitv bit varying,
+ tsvector tsvector,
+ tsquery tsquery,
+ uuid uuid
+);
+
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('foo'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('foo'::text);
+
+INSERT INTO caster (varchar) VALUES ('foo'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('foo'::varchar);
+INSERT INTO caster (varchar) VALUES ('foo'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('foo'::varchar);
+
+INSERT INTO caster (bpchar) VALUES ('foo'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('foo'::bpchar);
+INSERT INTO caster (bpchar) VALUES ('foo'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('foo'::bpchar);
+
+INSERT INTO caster (char) VALUES ('f'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('f'::char);
+INSERT INTO caster (char) VALUES ('f'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('f'::char);
+
+INSERT INTO caster (chr) VALUES ('f'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('f'::"char");
+INSERT INTO caster (chr) VALUES ('f'::citext); -- requires cast
+INSERT INTO caster (chr) VALUES ('f'::citext::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('f'::"char");
+
+INSERT INTO caster (name) VALUES ('foo'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('foo'::name);
+INSERT INTO caster (name) VALUES ('foo'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('foo'::name);
+
+-- Cannot cast to bytea on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (bytea) VALUES ('foo'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('foo'::bytea);
+INSERT INTO caster (bytea) VALUES ('foo'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('foo'::bytea);
+
+-- Cannot cast to boolean on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (boolean) VALUES ('t'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('t'::boolean);
+INSERT INTO caster (boolean) VALUES ('t'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('t'::boolean);
+
+-- Cannot cast to float8 on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (float8) VALUES ('12.42'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('12.42'::float8);
+INSERT INTO caster (float8) VALUES ('12.42'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('12.42'::float8);
+
+-- Cannot cast to float4 on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (float4) VALUES ('12.42'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('12.42'::float4);
+INSERT INTO caster (float4) VALUES ('12.42'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('12.42'::float4);
+
+-- Cannot cast to numeric on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (numeric) VALUES ('12.42'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('12.42'::numeric);
+INSERT INTO caster (numeric) VALUES ('12.42'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('12.42'::numeric);
+
+-- Cannot cast to int8 on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (int8) VALUES ('12'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('12'::int8);
+INSERT INTO caster (int8) VALUES ('12'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('12'::int8);
+
+-- Cannot cast to int4 on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (int4) VALUES ('12'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('12'::int4);
+INSERT INTO caster (int4) VALUES ('12'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('12'::int4);
+
+-- Cannot cast to int2 on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (int2) VALUES ('12'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('12'::int2);
+INSERT INTO caster (int2) VALUES ('12'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('12'::int2);
+
+-- Cannot cast to cidr on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (cidr) VALUES ('192.168.100.128/25'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('192.168.100.128/25'::cidr);
+INSERT INTO caster (cidr) VALUES ('192.168.100.128/25'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('192.168.100.128/25'::cidr);
+
+-- Cannot cast to inet on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (inet) VALUES ('192.168.100.128'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('192.168.100.128'::inet);
+INSERT INTO caster (inet) VALUES ('192.168.100.128'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('192.168.100.128'::inet);
+
+-- Cannot cast to macaddr on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (macaddr) VALUES ('08:00:2b:01:02:03'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('08:00:2b:01:02:03'::macaddr);
+INSERT INTO caster (macaddr) VALUES ('08:00:2b:01:02:03'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('08:00:2b:01:02:03'::macaddr);
+
+-- Cannot cast to money on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (money) VALUES ('12'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('12'::money);
+INSERT INTO caster (money) VALUES ('12'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('12'::money);
+
+-- Cannot cast to timestamp on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (timestamp) VALUES ('1999-01-08 04:05:06'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('1999-01-08 04:05:06'::timestamp);
+INSERT INTO caster (timestamp) VALUES ('1999-01-08 04:05:06'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('1999-01-08 04:05:06'::timestamp);
+
+-- Cannot cast to timestamptz on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (timestamptz) VALUES ('1999-01-08 04:05:06'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('1999-01-08 04:05:06'::timestamptz);
+INSERT INTO caster (timestamptz) VALUES ('1999-01-08 04:05:06'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('1999-01-08 04:05:06'::timestamptz);
+
+-- Cannot cast to interval on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (interval) VALUES ('1 hour'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('1 hour'::interval);
+INSERT INTO caster (interval) VALUES ('1 hour'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('1 hour'::interval);
+
+-- Cannot cast to date on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (date) VALUES ('1999-01-08'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('1999-01-08'::date);
+INSERT INTO caster (date) VALUES ('1999-01-08'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('1999-01-08'::date);
+
+-- Cannot cast to time on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (time) VALUES ('04:05:06'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('04:05:06'::time);
+INSERT INTO caster (time) VALUES ('04:05:06'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('04:05:06'::time);
+
+-- Cannot cast to timetz on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (timetz) VALUES ('04:05:06'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('04:05:06'::timetz);
+INSERT INTO caster (timetz) VALUES ('04:05:06'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('04:05:06'::timetz);
+
+-- Cannot cast to point on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (point) VALUES ('( 1 , 1)'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('( 1 , 1)'::point);
+INSERT INTO caster (point) VALUES ('( 1 , 1)'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('( 1 , 1)'::point);
+
+-- Cannot cast to lseg on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (lseg) VALUES ('( 1 , 1 ) , ( 2 , 2 )'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('( 1 , 1 ) , ( 2 , 2 )'::lseg);
+INSERT INTO caster (lseg) VALUES ('( 1 , 1 ) , ( 2 , 2 )'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('( 1 , 1 ) , ( 2 , 2 )'::lseg);
+
+-- Cannot cast to box on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (box) VALUES ('(0,0),(1,1)'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('(0,0),(1,1)'::box);
+INSERT INTO caster (box) VALUES ('(0,0),(1,1)'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('(0,0),(1,1)'::box);
+
+-- Cannot cast to path on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (path) VALUES ('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path);
+INSERT INTO caster (path) VALUES ('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))'::path);
+
+-- Cannot cast to polygon on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (polygon) VALUES ('((0,0),(1,1))'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('((0,0),(1,1))'::polygon);
+INSERT INTO caster (polygon) VALUES ('((0,0),(1,1))'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('((0,0),(1,1))'::polygon);
+
+-- Cannot cast to circle on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (circle) VALUES ('((0,0),2)'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('((0,0),2)'::circle);
+INSERT INTO caster (circle) VALUES ('((0,0),2)'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('((0,0),2)'::circle);
+
+-- Cannot cast to bit on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (bit) VALUES ('101'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('101'::bit);
+INSERT INTO caster (bit) VALUES ('101'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('101'::bit);
+
+-- Cannot cast to bit varying on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (bitv) VALUES ('101'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('101'::bit varying);
+INSERT INTO caster (bitv) VALUES ('101'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('101'::bit varying);
+
+-- Cannot cast to tsvector on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (tsvector) VALUES ('the fat cat'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('the fat cat'::tsvector);
+INSERT INTO caster (tsvector) VALUES ('the fat cat'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('the fat cat'::tsvector);
+
+-- Cannot cast to tsquery on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (tsquery) VALUES ('fat & rat'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('fat & rat'::tsquery);
+INSERT INTO caster (tsquery) VALUES ('fat & rat'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('fat & rat'::tsquery);
+
+-- Cannot cast to uuid on assignment.
+INSERT INTO caster (uuid) VALUES ('a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11'::text);
+INSERT INTO caster (text) VALUES ('a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11'::uuid);
+INSERT INTO caster (uuid) VALUES ('a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11'::citext);
+INSERT INTO caster (citext) VALUES ('a0eebc99-9c0b-4ef8-bb6d-6bb9bd380a11'::uuid);
+
+-- Table 9-5. SQL String Functions and Operators
+SELECT 'D'::citext || 'avid'::citext = 'David'::citext AS citext_concat;
+SELECT 'Value: '::citext || 42 = 'Value: 42' AS text_concat;
+SELECT 42 || ': value'::citext ='42: value' AS int_concat;
+SELECT bit_length('jose'::citext) = 32 AS t;
+SELECT bit_length( name ) = bit_length( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+SELECT textlen( name ) = textlen( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+SELECT char_length( name ) = char_length( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+SELECT lower( name ) = lower( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+SELECT octet_length( name ) = octet_length( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+SELECT overlay( name placing 'hom' from 2 for 4) = overlay( name::text placing 'hom' from 2 for 4) AS t FROM srt;
+SELECT position( 'a' IN name ) = position( 'a' IN name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+
+SELECT substr('alphabet'::citext, 3) = 'phabet' AS t;
+SELECT substr('alphabet'::citext, 3, 2) = 'ph' AS t;
+
+SELECT substring('alphabet'::citext, 3) = 'phabet' AS t;
+SELECT substring('alphabet'::citext, 3, 2) = 'ph' AS t;
+SELECT substring('Thomas'::citext from 2 for 3) = 'hom' AS t;
+SELECT substring('Thomas'::citext from 2) = 'homas' AS t;
+SELECT substring('Thomas'::citext from '...$') = 'mas' AS t;
+SELECT substring('Thomas'::citext similar '%#"o_a#"_' escape '#') = 'oma' AS t;
+
+SELECT trim(' trim '::citext) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT trim('xxxxxtrimxxxx'::citext, 'x'::citext) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT trim('xxxxxxtrimxxxx'::text, 'x'::citext) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT trim('xxxxxtrimxxxx'::text, 'x'::citext) = 'trim' AS t;
+
+SELECT upper( name ) = upper( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+
+-- Table 9-6. Other String Functions.
+SELECT ascii( name ) = ascii( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+
+SELECT btrim(' trim'::citext ) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT btrim('xxxxxtrimxxxx'::citext, 'x'::citext ) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT btrim('xyxtrimyyx'::citext, 'xy'::citext) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT btrim('xyxtrimyyx'::text, 'xy'::citext) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT btrim('xyxtrimyyx'::citext, 'xy'::text ) = 'trim' AS t;
+
+-- chr() takes an int and returns text.
+-- convert() and convert_from take bytea and return text.
+
+SELECT convert_from( name::bytea, 'SQL_ASCII' ) = convert_from( name::text::bytea, 'SQL_ASCII' ) AS t FROM srt;
+SELECT decode('MTIzAAE='::citext, 'base64') = decode('MTIzAAE='::text, 'base64') AS t;
+-- encode() takes bytea and returns text.
+SELECT initcap('hi THOMAS'::citext) = initcap('hi THOMAS'::text) AS t;
+SELECT length( name ) = length( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+
+SELECT lpad('hi'::citext, 5 ) = ' hi' AS t;
+SELECT lpad('hi'::citext, 5, 'xy'::citext) = 'xyxhi' AS t;
+SELECT lpad('hi'::text, 5, 'xy'::citext) = 'xyxhi' AS t;
+SELECT lpad('hi'::citext, 5, 'xy'::text ) = 'xyxhi' AS t;
+
+SELECT ltrim(' trim'::citext ) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT ltrim('zzzytrim'::citext, 'xyz'::citext) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT ltrim('zzzytrim'::text, 'xyz'::citext) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT ltrim('zzzytrim'::citext, 'xyz'::text ) = 'trim' AS t;
+
+SELECT md5( name ) = md5( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+-- pg_client_encoding() takes no args and returns name.
+SELECT quote_ident( name ) = quote_ident( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+SELECT quote_literal( name ) = quote_literal( name::text ) AS t FROM srt;
+
+SELECT regexp_match('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(bar)(beque)') = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_match('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)') = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_match('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext) = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_match('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext, '') = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_match('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)', '') = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_match('foobarbequebaz', '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext, '') = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_match('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext, ''::citext) = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+-- c forces case-sensitive
+SELECT regexp_match('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext, 'c'::citext) = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS "no result";
+-- g is not allowed
+SELECT regexp_match('foobarbequebazmorebarbequetoo'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext, 'g') AS "error";
+
+SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(bar)(beque)') = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)') = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext) = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext, '') = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)', '') = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz', '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext, '') = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext, ''::citext) = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS t;
+-- c forces case-sensitive
+SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext, 'c'::citext) = ARRAY[ 'bar', 'beque' ] AS "no rows";
+-- g allows multiple output rows
+SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebazmorebarbequetoo'::citext, '(BAR)(BEQUE)'::citext, 'g'::citext) AS "two rows";
+
+SELECT regexp_replace('Thomas'::citext, '.[mN]a.', 'M') = 'ThM' AS t;
+SELECT regexp_replace('Thomas'::citext, '.[MN]A.', 'M') = 'ThM' AS t;
+SELECT regexp_replace('Thomas', '.[MN]A.'::citext, 'M') = 'ThM' AS t;
+SELECT regexp_replace('Thomas'::citext, '.[MN]A.'::citext, 'M') = 'ThM' AS t;
+-- c forces case-sensitive
+SELECT regexp_replace('Thomas'::citext, '.[MN]A.'::citext, 'M', 'c') = 'Thomas' AS t;
+
+SELECT regexp_split_to_array('hello world'::citext, E'\\s+') = ARRAY[ 'hello', 'world' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_split_to_array('helloTworld'::citext, 't') = ARRAY[ 'hello', 'world' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_split_to_array('helloTworld', 't'::citext) = ARRAY[ 'hello', 'world' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_split_to_array('helloTworld'::citext, 't'::citext) = ARRAY[ 'hello', 'world' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_split_to_array('helloTworld'::citext, 't', 's') = ARRAY[ 'hello', 'world' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_split_to_array('helloTworld', 't'::citext, 's') = ARRAY[ 'hello', 'world' ] AS t;
+SELECT regexp_split_to_array('helloTworld'::citext, 't'::citext, 's') = ARRAY[ 'hello', 'world' ] AS t;
+
+-- c forces case-sensitive
+SELECT regexp_split_to_array('helloTworld'::citext, 't'::citext, 'c') = ARRAY[ 'helloTworld' ] AS t;
+
+SELECT regexp_split_to_table('hello world'::citext, E'\\s+') AS words;
+SELECT regexp_split_to_table('helloTworld'::citext, 't') AS words;
+SELECT regexp_split_to_table('helloTworld', 't'::citext) AS words;
+SELECT regexp_split_to_table('helloTworld'::citext, 't'::citext) AS words;
+-- c forces case-sensitive
+SELECT regexp_split_to_table('helloTworld'::citext, 't'::citext, 'c') AS word;
+
+SELECT repeat('Pg'::citext, 4) = 'PgPgPgPg' AS t;
+
+SELECT replace('abcdefabcdef'::citext, 'cd', 'XX') = 'abXXefabXXef' AS t;
+SELECT replace('abcdefabcdef'::citext, 'CD', 'XX') = 'abXXefabXXef' AS t;
+SELECT replace('ab^is$abcdef'::citext, '^is$', 'XX') = 'abXXabcdef' AS t;
+SELECT replace('abcdefabcdef', 'cd'::citext, 'XX') = 'abXXefabXXef' AS t;
+SELECT replace('abcdefabcdef', 'CD'::citext, 'XX') = 'abXXefabXXef' AS t;
+SELECT replace('ab^is$abcdef', '^is$'::citext, 'XX') = 'abXXabcdef' AS t;
+SELECT replace('abcdefabcdef'::citext, 'cd'::citext, 'XX') = 'abXXefabXXef' AS t;
+SELECT replace('abcdefabcdef'::citext, 'CD'::citext, 'XX') = 'abXXefabXXef' AS t;
+SELECT replace('ab^is$abcdef'::citext, '^is$'::citext, 'XX') = 'abXXabcdef' AS t;
+
+SELECT rpad('hi'::citext, 5 ) = 'hi ' AS t;
+SELECT rpad('hi'::citext, 5, 'xy'::citext) = 'hixyx' AS t;
+SELECT rpad('hi'::text, 5, 'xy'::citext) = 'hixyx' AS t;
+SELECT rpad('hi'::citext, 5, 'xy'::text ) = 'hixyx' AS t;
+
+SELECT rtrim('trim '::citext ) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT rtrim('trimxxxx'::citext, 'x'::citext) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT rtrim('trimxxxx'::text, 'x'::citext) = 'trim' AS t;
+SELECT rtrim('trimxxxx'::text, 'x'::text ) = 'trim' AS t;
+
+SELECT split_part('abc~@~def~@~ghi'::citext, '~@~', 2) = 'def' AS t;
+SELECT split_part('abcTdefTghi'::citext, 't', 2) = 'def' AS t;
+SELECT split_part('abcTdefTghi'::citext, 't'::citext, 2) = 'def' AS t;
+SELECT split_part('abcTdefTghi', 't'::citext, 2) = 'def' AS t;
+
+SELECT strpos('high'::citext, 'gh' ) = 3 AS t;
+SELECT strpos('high', 'gh'::citext) = 3 AS t;
+SELECT strpos('high'::citext, 'gh'::citext) = 3 AS t;
+SELECT strpos('high'::citext, 'GH' ) = 3 AS t;
+SELECT strpos('high', 'GH'::citext) = 3 AS t;
+SELECT strpos('high'::citext, 'GH'::citext) = 3 AS t;
+
+-- to_ascii() does not support UTF-8.
+-- to_hex() takes a numeric argument.
+SELECT substr('alphabet', 3, 2) = 'ph' AS t;
+SELECT translate('abcdefabcdef'::citext, 'cd', 'XX') = 'abXXefabXXef' AS t;
+SELECT translate('abcdefabcdef'::citext, 'CD', 'XX') = 'abXXefabXXef' AS t;
+SELECT translate('abcdefabcdef'::citext, 'CD'::citext, 'XX') = 'abXXefabXXef' AS t;
+SELECT translate('abcdefabcdef', 'CD'::citext, 'XX') = 'abXXefabXXef' AS t;
+
+-- Table 9-20. Formatting Functions
+SELECT to_date('05 Dec 2000'::citext, 'DD Mon YYYY'::citext)
+ = to_date('05 Dec 2000', 'DD Mon YYYY') AS t;
+SELECT to_date('05 Dec 2000'::citext, 'DD Mon YYYY')
+ = to_date('05 Dec 2000', 'DD Mon YYYY') AS t;
+SELECT to_date('05 Dec 2000', 'DD Mon YYYY'::citext)
+ = to_date('05 Dec 2000', 'DD Mon YYYY') AS t;
+
+SELECT to_number('12,454.8-'::citext, '99G999D9S'::citext)
+ = to_number('12,454.8-', '99G999D9S') AS t;
+SELECT to_number('12,454.8-'::citext, '99G999D9S')
+ = to_number('12,454.8-', '99G999D9S') AS t;
+SELECT to_number('12,454.8-', '99G999D9S'::citext)
+ = to_number('12,454.8-', '99G999D9S') AS t;
+
+SELECT to_timestamp('05 Dec 2000'::citext, 'DD Mon YYYY'::citext)
+ = to_timestamp('05 Dec 2000', 'DD Mon YYYY') AS t;
+SELECT to_timestamp('05 Dec 2000'::citext, 'DD Mon YYYY')
+ = to_timestamp('05 Dec 2000', 'DD Mon YYYY') AS t;
+SELECT to_timestamp('05 Dec 2000', 'DD Mon YYYY'::citext)
+ = to_timestamp('05 Dec 2000', 'DD Mon YYYY') AS t;
+
+-- Try assigning function results to a column.
+SELECT COUNT(*) = 8::bigint AS t FROM try;
+INSERT INTO try
+VALUES ( to_char( now()::timestamp, 'HH12:MI:SS') ),
+ ( to_char( now() + '1 sec'::interval, 'HH12:MI:SS') ), -- timestamptz
+ ( to_char( '15h 2m 12s'::interval, 'HH24:MI:SS') ),
+ ( to_char( current_date, '999') ),
+ ( to_char( 125::int, '999') ),
+ ( to_char( 127::int4, '999') ),
+ ( to_char( 126::int8, '999') ),
+ ( to_char( 128.8::real, '999D9') ),
+ ( to_char( 125.7::float4, '999D9') ),
+ ( to_char( 125.9::float8, '999D9') ),
+ ( to_char( -125.8::numeric, '999D99S') );
+
+SELECT COUNT(*) = 19::bigint AS t FROM try;
+
+SELECT like_escape( name, '' ) = like_escape( name::text, '' ) AS t FROM srt;
+SELECT like_escape( name::text, ''::citext ) = like_escape( name::text, '' ) AS t FROM srt;
+
+-- Ensure correct behavior for citext with materialized views.
+CREATE TABLE citext_table (
+ id serial primary key,
+ name citext
+);
+INSERT INTO citext_table (name)
+ VALUES ('one'), ('two'), ('three'), (NULL), (NULL);
+CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW citext_matview AS
+ SELECT * FROM citext_table;
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX citext_matview_id
+ ON citext_matview (id);
+SELECT *
+ FROM citext_matview m
+ FULL JOIN citext_table t ON (t.id = m.id AND t *= m)
+ WHERE t.id IS NULL OR m.id IS NULL;
+UPDATE citext_table SET name = 'Two' WHERE name = 'TWO';
+SELECT *
+ FROM citext_matview m
+ FULL JOIN citext_table t ON (t.id = m.id AND t *= m)
+ WHERE t.id IS NULL OR m.id IS NULL;
+REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY citext_matview;
+SELECT * FROM citext_matview ORDER BY id;
+
+-- test citext_pattern_cmp() function explicitly.
+SELECT citext_pattern_cmp('aardvark'::citext, 'aardvark'::citext) AS zero;
+SELECT citext_pattern_cmp('aardvark'::citext, 'aardVark'::citext) AS zero;
+SELECT citext_pattern_cmp('AARDVARK'::citext, 'AARDVARK'::citext) AS zero;
+SELECT citext_pattern_cmp('B'::citext, 'a'::citext) > 0 AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_cmp('a'::citext, 'B'::citext) < 0 AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_cmp('A'::citext, 'b'::citext) < 0 AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_cmp('ABCD'::citext, 'abc'::citext) > 0 AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_cmp('ABC'::citext, 'abcd'::citext) < 0 AS true;
+
+-- test operator functions
+-- lt
+SELECT citext_pattern_lt('a'::citext, 'b'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_lt('A'::citext, 'b'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_lt('a'::citext, 'B'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_lt('b'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS false;
+SELECT citext_pattern_lt('B'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS false;
+SELECT citext_pattern_lt('b'::citext, 'A'::citext) AS false;
+-- le
+SELECT citext_pattern_le('a'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_le('a'::citext, 'A'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_le('A'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_le('A'::citext, 'A'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_le('a'::citext, 'B'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_le('A'::citext, 'b'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_le('a'::citext, 'B'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_le('b'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS false;
+SELECT citext_pattern_le('B'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS false;
+SELECT citext_pattern_le('b'::citext, 'A'::citext) AS false;
+-- gt
+SELECT citext_pattern_gt('a'::citext, 'b'::citext) AS false;
+SELECT citext_pattern_gt('A'::citext, 'b'::citext) AS false;
+SELECT citext_pattern_gt('a'::citext, 'B'::citext) AS false;
+SELECT citext_pattern_gt('b'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_gt('B'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_gt('b'::citext, 'A'::citext) AS true;
+-- ge
+SELECT citext_pattern_ge('a'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_ge('a'::citext, 'A'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_ge('A'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_ge('A'::citext, 'A'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_ge('a'::citext, 'B'::citext) AS false;
+SELECT citext_pattern_ge('A'::citext, 'b'::citext) AS false;
+SELECT citext_pattern_ge('a'::citext, 'B'::citext) AS false;
+SELECT citext_pattern_ge('b'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_ge('B'::citext, 'a'::citext) AS true;
+SELECT citext_pattern_ge('b'::citext, 'A'::citext) AS true;
+
+-- Test ~<~ and ~<=~
+SELECT 'a'::citext ~<~ 'B'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'b'::citext ~<~ 'A'::citext AS f;
+SELECT 'a'::citext ~<=~ 'B'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'a'::citext ~<=~ 'A'::citext AS t;
+
+-- Test ~>~ and ~>=~
+SELECT 'B'::citext ~>~ 'a'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'b'::citext ~>~ 'A'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'B'::citext ~>~ 'b'::citext AS f;
+SELECT 'B'::citext ~>=~ 'b'::citext AS t;
+
+-- Test implicit casting. citext casts to text, but not vice-versa.
+SELECT 'B'::citext ~<~ 'a'::text AS t; -- text wins.
+SELECT 'B'::citext ~<=~ 'a'::text AS t; -- text wins.
+
+SELECT 'a'::citext ~>~ 'B'::text AS t; -- text wins.
+SELECT 'a'::citext ~>=~ 'B'::text AS t; -- text wins.
+
+-- Test implicit casting. citext casts to varchar, but not vice-versa.
+SELECT 'B'::citext ~<~ 'a'::varchar AS t; -- varchar wins.
+SELECT 'B'::citext ~<=~ 'a'::varchar AS t; -- varchar wins.
+
+SELECT 'a'::citext ~>~ 'B'::varchar AS t; -- varchar wins.
+SELECT 'a'::citext ~>=~ 'B'::varchar AS t; -- varchar wins.
diff --git a/contrib/citext/sql/citext_utf8.sql b/contrib/citext/sql/citext_utf8.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d068000
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/citext/sql/citext_utf8.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * This test must be run in a database with UTF-8 encoding
+ * and a Unicode-aware locale.
+ */
+
+SELECT getdatabaseencoding() <> 'UTF8' OR
+ current_setting('lc_ctype') = 'C'
+ AS skip_test \gset
+\if :skip_test
+\quit
+\endif
+
+set client_encoding = utf8;
+
+-- CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS citext;
+
+-- Multibyte sanity tests.
+SELECT 'À'::citext = 'À'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'À'::citext = 'à'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'À'::text = 'à'::text AS f; -- text wins.
+SELECT 'À'::citext <> 'B'::citext AS t;
+
+-- Test combining characters making up canonically equivalent strings.
+SELECT 'Ä'::text <> 'Ä'::text AS t;
+SELECT 'Ä'::citext <> 'Ä'::citext AS t;
+
+-- Test the Turkish dotted I. The lowercase is a single byte while the
+-- uppercase is multibyte. This is why the comparison code can't be optimized
+-- to compare string lengths.
+SELECT 'i'::citext = 'İ'::citext AS t;
+
+-- Regression.
+SELECT 'láska'::citext <> 'laská'::citext AS t;
+
+SELECT 'Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext = 'Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext = 'ASK BJØRN HANSEN'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext <> 'Ask Bjorn Hansen'::citext AS t;
+SELECT 'Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext <> 'ASK BJORN HANSEN'::citext AS t;
+SELECT citext_cmp('Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext, 'Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext) = 0 AS t;
+SELECT citext_cmp('Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext, 'ask bjørn hansen'::citext) = 0 AS t;
+SELECT citext_cmp('Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext, 'ASK BJØRN HANSEN'::citext) = 0 AS t;
+SELECT citext_cmp('Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext, 'Ask Bjorn Hansen'::citext) > 0 AS t;
+SELECT citext_cmp('Ask Bjorn Hansen'::citext, 'Ask Bjørn Hansen'::citext) < 0 AS t;
+
+-- Test ~<~ and ~<=~
+SELECT 'à'::citext ~<~ 'À'::citext AS f;
+SELECT 'à'::citext ~<=~ 'À'::citext AS t;
+
+-- Test ~>~ and ~>=~
+SELECT 'à'::citext ~>~ 'À'::citext AS f;
+SELECT 'à'::citext ~>=~ 'À'::citext AS t;
diff --git a/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql b/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10b5225
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/citext/sql/create_index_acl.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+-- Each DefineIndex() ACL check uses either the original userid or the table
+-- owner userid; see its header comment. Here, confirm that DefineIndex()
+-- uses its original userid where necessary. The test works by creating
+-- indexes that refer to as many sorts of objects as possible, with the table
+-- owner having as few applicable privileges as possible. (The privileges.sql
+-- regress_sro_user tests look for the opposite defect; they confirm that
+-- DefineIndex() uses the table owner userid where necessary.)
+
+SET allow_in_place_tablespaces = true;
+CREATE TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace LOCATION '';
+RESET allow_in_place_tablespaces;
+
+BEGIN;
+CREATE ROLE regress_minimal;
+CREATE SCHEMA s;
+CREATE EXTENSION citext SCHEMA s;
+-- Revoke all conceivably-relevant ACLs within the extension. The system
+-- doesn't check all these ACLs, but this will provide some coverage if that
+-- ever changes.
+REVOKE ALL ON TYPE s.citext FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION s.citext_pattern_lt FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION s.citext_pattern_le FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION s.citext_eq FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION s.citext_pattern_ge FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION s.citext_pattern_gt FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION s.citext_pattern_cmp FROM PUBLIC;
+-- Functions sufficient for making an index column that has the side effect of
+-- changing search_path at expression planning time.
+CREATE FUNCTION public.setter() RETURNS bool VOLATILE
+ LANGUAGE SQL AS $$SET search_path = s; SELECT true$$;
+CREATE FUNCTION s.const() RETURNS bool IMMUTABLE
+ LANGUAGE SQL AS $$SELECT public.setter()$$;
+CREATE FUNCTION s.index_this_expr(s.citext, bool) RETURNS s.citext IMMUTABLE
+ LANGUAGE SQL AS $$SELECT $1$$;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION public.setter FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION s.const FROM PUBLIC;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION s.index_this_expr FROM PUBLIC;
+-- Even for an empty table, expression planning calls s.const & public.setter.
+GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION public.setter TO regress_minimal;
+GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION s.const TO regress_minimal;
+-- Function for index predicate.
+CREATE FUNCTION s.index_row_if(s.citext) RETURNS bool IMMUTABLE
+ LANGUAGE SQL AS $$SELECT $1 IS NOT NULL$$;
+REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION s.index_row_if FROM PUBLIC;
+-- Even for an empty table, CREATE INDEX checks ii_Predicate permissions.
+GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION s.index_row_if TO regress_minimal;
+-- Non-extension, non-function objects.
+CREATE COLLATION s.coll (LOCALE="C");
+CREATE TABLE s.x (y s.citext);
+ALTER TABLE s.x OWNER TO regress_minimal;
+-- Empty-table DefineIndex()
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX u0rows ON s.x USING btree
+ ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll s.citext_pattern_ops)
+ TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
+ WHERE s.index_row_if(y);
+ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e0rows EXCLUDE USING btree
+ ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll WITH s.=)
+ USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
+ WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
+-- Make the table nonempty.
+INSERT INTO s.x VALUES ('foo'), ('bar');
+-- If the INSERT runs the planner on index expressions, a search_path change
+-- survives. As of 2022-06, the INSERT reuses a cached plan. It does so even
+-- under debug_discard_caches, since each index is new-in-transaction. If
+-- future work changes a cache lifecycle, this RESET may become necessary.
+RESET search_path;
+-- For a nonempty table, owner needs permissions throughout ii_Expressions.
+GRANT EXECUTE ON FUNCTION s.index_this_expr TO regress_minimal;
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX u2rows ON s.x USING btree
+ ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll s.citext_pattern_ops)
+ TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
+ WHERE s.index_row_if(y);
+ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT e2rows EXCLUDE USING btree
+ ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE s.coll WITH s.=)
+ USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
+ WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
+-- Shall not find s.coll via search_path, despite the s.const->public.setter
+-- call having set search_path=s during expression planning. Suppress the
+-- message itself, which depends on the database encoding.
+\set VERBOSITY sqlstate
+ALTER TABLE s.x ADD CONSTRAINT underqualified EXCLUDE USING btree
+ ((s.index_this_expr(y, s.const())) COLLATE coll WITH s.=)
+ USING INDEX TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace
+ WHERE (s.index_row_if(y));
+\set VERBOSITY default
+ROLLBACK;
+
+DROP TABLESPACE regress_create_idx_tblspace;
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