'\" t
.\"     Title: CREATE TABLESPACE
.\"    Author: The PostgreSQL Global Development Group
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\"      Date: 2023
.\"    Manual: PostgreSQL 15.5 Documentation
.\"    Source: PostgreSQL 15.5
.\"  Language: English
.\"
.TH "CREATE TABLESPACE" "7" "2023" "PostgreSQL 15.5" "PostgreSQL 15.5 Documentation"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
.\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
.\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
.el       .ds Aq '
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * set default formatting
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" disable hyphenation
.nh
.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
.ad l
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.SH "NAME"
CREATE_TABLESPACE \- define a new tablespace
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.sp
.nf
CREATE TABLESPACE \fItablespace_name\fR
    [ OWNER { \fInew_owner\fR | CURRENT_ROLE | CURRENT_USER | SESSION_USER } ]
    LOCATION \*(Aq\fIdirectory\fR\*(Aq
    [ WITH ( \fItablespace_option\fR = \fIvalue\fR [, \&.\&.\&. ] ) ]
.fi
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.PP
\fBCREATE TABLESPACE\fR
registers a new cluster\-wide tablespace\&. The tablespace name must be distinct from the name of any existing tablespace in the database cluster\&.
.PP
A tablespace allows superusers to define an alternative location on the file system where the data files containing database objects (such as tables and indexes) can reside\&.
.PP
A user with appropriate privileges can pass
\fItablespace_name\fR
to
\fBCREATE DATABASE\fR,
\fBCREATE TABLE\fR,
\fBCREATE INDEX\fR
or
\fBADD CONSTRAINT\fR
to have the data files for these objects stored within the specified tablespace\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBWarning\fR
.ps -1
.br
.PP
A tablespace cannot be used independently of the cluster in which it is defined; see
Section\ \&23.6\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.SH "PARAMETERS"
.PP
\fItablespace_name\fR
.RS 4
The name of a tablespace to be created\&. The name cannot begin with
pg_, as such names are reserved for system tablespaces\&.
.RE
.PP
\fIuser_name\fR
.RS 4
The name of the user who will own the tablespace\&. If omitted, defaults to the user executing the command\&. Only superusers can create tablespaces, but they can assign ownership of tablespaces to non\-superusers\&.
.RE
.PP
\fIdirectory\fR
.RS 4
The directory that will be used for the tablespace\&. The directory must exist (\fBCREATE TABLESPACE\fR
will not create it), should be empty, and must be owned by the
PostgreSQL
system user\&. The directory must be specified by an absolute path name\&.
.RE
.PP
\fItablespace_option\fR
.RS 4
A tablespace parameter to be set or reset\&. Currently, the only available parameters are
\fIseq_page_cost\fR,
\fIrandom_page_cost\fR,
\fIeffective_io_concurrency\fR
and
\fImaintenance_io_concurrency\fR\&. Setting these values for a particular tablespace will override the planner\*(Aqs usual estimate of the cost of reading pages from tables in that tablespace, and the executor\*(Aqs prefetching behavior, as established by the configuration parameters of the same name (see
seq_page_cost,
random_page_cost,
effective_io_concurrency,
maintenance_io_concurrency)\&. This may be useful if one tablespace is located on a disk which is faster or slower than the remainder of the I/O subsystem\&.
.RE
.SH "NOTES"
.PP
Tablespaces are only supported on systems that support symbolic links\&.
.PP
\fBCREATE TABLESPACE\fR
cannot be executed inside a transaction block\&.
.SH "EXAMPLES"
.PP
To create a tablespace
dbspace
at file system location
/data/dbs, first create the directory using operating system facilities and set the correct ownership:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mkdir /data/dbs
chown postgres:postgres /data/dbs
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.sp
Then issue the tablespace creation command inside
PostgreSQL:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
CREATE TABLESPACE dbspace LOCATION \*(Aq/data/dbs\*(Aq;
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
To create a tablespace owned by a different database user, use a command like this:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
CREATE TABLESPACE indexspace OWNER genevieve LOCATION \*(Aq/data/indexes\*(Aq;
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.SH "COMPATIBILITY"
.PP
\fBCREATE TABLESPACE\fR
is a
PostgreSQL
extension\&.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
CREATE DATABASE (\fBCREATE_DATABASE\fR(7)), CREATE TABLE (\fBCREATE_TABLE\fR(7)), CREATE INDEX (\fBCREATE_INDEX\fR(7)), DROP TABLESPACE (\fBDROP_TABLESPACE\fR(7)), ALTER TABLESPACE (\fBALTER_TABLESPACE\fR(7))