-- create a table to use as a basis for views and materialized views in various combinations CREATE TABLE mvtest_t (id int NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, type text NOT NULL, amt numeric NOT NULL); INSERT INTO mvtest_t VALUES (1, 'x', 2), (2, 'x', 3), (3, 'y', 5), (4, 'y', 7), (5, 'z', 11); -- we want a view based on the table, too, since views present additional challenges CREATE VIEW mvtest_tv AS SELECT type, sum(amt) AS totamt FROM mvtest_t GROUP BY type; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tv ORDER BY type; -- create a materialized view with no data, and confirm correct behavior EXPLAIN (costs off) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tm AS SELECT type, sum(amt) AS totamt FROM mvtest_t GROUP BY type WITH NO DATA; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tm AS SELECT type, sum(amt) AS totamt FROM mvtest_t GROUP BY type WITH NO DATA; SELECT relispopulated FROM pg_class WHERE oid = 'mvtest_tm'::regclass; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tm ORDER BY type; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tm; SELECT relispopulated FROM pg_class WHERE oid = 'mvtest_tm'::regclass; CREATE UNIQUE INDEX mvtest_tm_type ON mvtest_tm (type); SELECT * FROM mvtest_tm ORDER BY type; -- create various views EXPLAIN (costs off) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tvm AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_tv ORDER BY type; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tvm AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_tv ORDER BY type; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvm; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tmm AS SELECT sum(totamt) AS grandtot FROM mvtest_tm; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tvmm AS SELECT sum(totamt) AS grandtot FROM mvtest_tvm; CREATE UNIQUE INDEX mvtest_tvmm_expr ON mvtest_tvmm ((grandtot > 0)); CREATE UNIQUE INDEX mvtest_tvmm_pred ON mvtest_tvmm (grandtot) WHERE grandtot < 0; CREATE VIEW mvtest_tvv AS SELECT sum(totamt) AS grandtot FROM mvtest_tv; EXPLAIN (costs off) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tvvm AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvv; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tvvm AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvv; CREATE VIEW mvtest_tvvmv AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvvm; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_bb AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvvmv; CREATE INDEX mvtest_aa ON mvtest_bb (grandtot); -- check that plans seem reasonable \d+ mvtest_tvm \d+ mvtest_tvm \d+ mvtest_tvvm \d+ mvtest_bb -- test schema behavior CREATE SCHEMA mvtest_mvschema; ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tvm SET SCHEMA mvtest_mvschema; \d+ mvtest_tvm \d+ mvtest_tvmm SET search_path = mvtest_mvschema, public; \d+ mvtest_tvm -- modify the underlying table data INSERT INTO mvtest_t VALUES (6, 'z', 13); -- confirm pre- and post-refresh contents of fairly simple materialized views SELECT * FROM mvtest_tm ORDER BY type; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvm ORDER BY type; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY mvtest_tm; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tvm; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tm ORDER BY type; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvm ORDER BY type; RESET search_path; -- confirm pre- and post-refresh contents of nested materialized views EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM mvtest_tmm; EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvmm; EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvvm; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tmm; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvmm; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvvm; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tmm; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY mvtest_tvmm; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tvmm; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_tvvm; EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM mvtest_tmm; EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvmm; EXPLAIN (costs off) SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvvm; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tmm; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvmm; SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvvm; -- test diemv when the mv does not exist DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW IF EXISTS no_such_mv; -- make sure invalid combination of options is prohibited REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY mvtest_tvmm WITH NO DATA; -- no tuple locks on materialized views SELECT * FROM mvtest_tvvm FOR SHARE; -- test join of mv and view SELECT type, m.totamt AS mtot, v.totamt AS vtot FROM mvtest_tm m LEFT JOIN mvtest_tv v USING (type) ORDER BY type; -- make sure that dependencies are reported properly when they block the drop DROP TABLE mvtest_t; -- make sure dependencies are dropped and reported -- and make sure that transactional behavior is correct on rollback -- incidentally leaving some interesting materialized views for pg_dump testing BEGIN; DROP TABLE mvtest_t CASCADE; ROLLBACK; -- some additional tests not using base tables CREATE VIEW mvtest_vt1 AS SELECT 1 moo; CREATE VIEW mvtest_vt2 AS SELECT moo, 2*moo FROM mvtest_vt1 UNION ALL SELECT moo, 3*moo FROM mvtest_vt1; \d+ mvtest_vt2 CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mv_test2 AS SELECT moo, 2*moo FROM mvtest_vt2 UNION ALL SELECT moo, 3*moo FROM mvtest_vt2; \d+ mv_test2 CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mv_test3 AS SELECT * FROM mv_test2 WHERE moo = 12345; SELECT relispopulated FROM pg_class WHERE oid = 'mv_test3'::regclass; DROP VIEW mvtest_vt1 CASCADE; -- test that duplicate values on unique index prevent refresh CREATE TABLE mvtest_foo(a, b) AS VALUES(1, 10); CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_foo; CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ON mvtest_mv(a); INSERT INTO mvtest_foo SELECT * FROM mvtest_foo; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY mvtest_mv; DROP TABLE mvtest_foo CASCADE; -- make sure that all columns covered by unique indexes works CREATE TABLE mvtest_foo(a, b, c) AS VALUES(1, 2, 3); CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_foo; CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ON mvtest_mv (a); CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ON mvtest_mv (b); CREATE UNIQUE INDEX on mvtest_mv (c); INSERT INTO mvtest_foo VALUES(2, 3, 4); INSERT INTO mvtest_foo VALUES(3, 4, 5); REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY mvtest_mv; DROP TABLE mvtest_foo CASCADE; -- allow subquery to reference unpopulated matview if WITH NO DATA is specified CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv1 AS SELECT 1 AS col1 WITH NO DATA; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv2 AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_mv1 WHERE col1 = (SELECT LEAST(col1) FROM mvtest_mv1) WITH NO DATA; DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv1 CASCADE; -- make sure that types with unusual equality tests work CREATE TABLE mvtest_boxes (id serial primary key, b box); INSERT INTO mvtest_boxes (b) VALUES ('(32,32),(31,31)'), ('(2.0000004,2.0000004),(1,1)'), ('(1.9999996,1.9999996),(1,1)'); CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_boxmv AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_boxes; CREATE UNIQUE INDEX mvtest_boxmv_id ON mvtest_boxmv (id); UPDATE mvtest_boxes SET b = '(2,2),(1,1)' WHERE id = 2; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY mvtest_boxmv; SELECT * FROM mvtest_boxmv ORDER BY id; DROP TABLE mvtest_boxes CASCADE; -- make sure that column names are handled correctly CREATE TABLE mvtest_v (i int, j int); CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v (ii, jj, kk) AS SELECT i, j FROM mvtest_v; -- error CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v (ii, jj) AS SELECT i, j FROM mvtest_v; -- ok CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v_2 (ii) AS SELECT i, j FROM mvtest_v; -- ok CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v_3 (ii, jj, kk) AS SELECT i, j FROM mvtest_v WITH NO DATA; -- error CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v_3 (ii, jj) AS SELECT i, j FROM mvtest_v WITH NO DATA; -- ok CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v_4 (ii) AS SELECT i, j FROM mvtest_v WITH NO DATA; -- ok ALTER TABLE mvtest_v RENAME COLUMN i TO x; INSERT INTO mvtest_v values (1, 2); CREATE UNIQUE INDEX mvtest_mv_v_ii ON mvtest_mv_v (ii); REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v; UPDATE mvtest_v SET j = 3 WHERE x = 1; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY mvtest_mv_v; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v_2; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v_3; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v_4; SELECT * FROM mvtest_v; SELECT * FROM mvtest_mv_v; SELECT * FROM mvtest_mv_v_2; SELECT * FROM mvtest_mv_v_3; SELECT * FROM mvtest_mv_v_4; DROP TABLE mvtest_v CASCADE; -- Check that unknown literals are converted to "text" in CREATE MATVIEW, -- so that we don't end up with unknown-type columns. CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mv_unspecified_types AS SELECT 42 as i, 42.5 as num, 'foo' as u, 'foo'::unknown as u2, null as n; \d+ mv_unspecified_types SELECT * FROM mv_unspecified_types; DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW mv_unspecified_types; -- make sure that create WITH NO DATA does not plan the query (bug #13907) create materialized view mvtest_error as select 1/0 as x; -- fail create materialized view mvtest_error as select 1/0 as x with no data; refresh materialized view mvtest_error; -- fail here drop materialized view mvtest_error; -- make sure that matview rows can be referenced as source rows (bug #9398) CREATE TABLE mvtest_v AS SELECT generate_series(1,10) AS a; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_v AS SELECT a FROM mvtest_v WHERE a <= 5; DELETE FROM mvtest_v WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM mvtest_mv_v WHERE mvtest_mv_v.a = mvtest_v.a ); SELECT * FROM mvtest_v; SELECT * FROM mvtest_mv_v; DROP TABLE mvtest_v CASCADE; -- make sure running as superuser works when MV owned by another role (bug #11208) CREATE ROLE regress_user_mvtest; SET ROLE regress_user_mvtest; -- this test case also checks for ambiguity in the queries issued by -- refresh_by_match_merge(), by choosing column names that intentionally -- duplicate all the aliases used in those queries CREATE TABLE mvtest_foo_data AS SELECT i, i+1 AS tid, md5(random()::text) AS mv, md5(random()::text) AS newdata, md5(random()::text) AS newdata2, md5(random()::text) AS diff FROM generate_series(1, 10) i; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_foo AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_foo_data; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_foo AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_foo_data; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW IF NOT EXISTS mvtest_mv_foo AS SELECT * FROM mvtest_foo_data; CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ON mvtest_mv_foo (i); RESET ROLE; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest_mv_foo; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY mvtest_mv_foo; DROP OWNED BY regress_user_mvtest CASCADE; DROP ROLE regress_user_mvtest; -- Concurrent refresh requires a unique index on the materialized -- view. Test what happens if it's dropped during the refresh. CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION mvtest_drop_the_index() RETURNS bool AS $$ BEGIN EXECUTE 'DROP INDEX IF EXISTS mvtest_drop_idx'; RETURN true; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW drop_idx_matview AS SELECT 1 as i WHERE mvtest_drop_the_index(); CREATE UNIQUE INDEX mvtest_drop_idx ON drop_idx_matview (i); REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY drop_idx_matview; DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW drop_idx_matview; -- clean up -- make sure that create WITH NO DATA works via SPI BEGIN; CREATE FUNCTION mvtest_func() RETURNS void AS $$ BEGIN CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest1 AS SELECT 1 AS x; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mvtest2 AS SELECT 1 AS x WITH NO DATA; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; SELECT mvtest_func(); SELECT * FROM mvtest1; SELECT * FROM mvtest2; ROLLBACK; -- INSERT privileges if relation owner is not allowed to insert. CREATE SCHEMA matview_schema; CREATE USER regress_matview_user; ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES FOR ROLE regress_matview_user REVOKE INSERT ON TABLES FROM regress_matview_user; GRANT ALL ON SCHEMA matview_schema TO public; SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_matview_user; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_schema.mv_withdata1 (a) AS SELECT generate_series(1, 10) WITH DATA; EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, COSTS OFF, SUMMARY OFF, TIMING OFF) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_schema.mv_withdata2 (a) AS SELECT generate_series(1, 10) WITH DATA; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_schema.mv_withdata2; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_schema.mv_nodata1 (a) AS SELECT generate_series(1, 10) WITH NO DATA; EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, COSTS OFF, SUMMARY OFF, TIMING OFF) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_schema.mv_nodata2 (a) AS SELECT generate_series(1, 10) WITH NO DATA; REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_schema.mv_nodata2; RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION; ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES FOR ROLE regress_matview_user GRANT INSERT ON TABLES TO regress_matview_user; DROP SCHEMA matview_schema CASCADE; DROP USER regress_matview_user; -- CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW ... IF NOT EXISTS CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_ine_tab AS SELECT 1; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_ine_tab AS SELECT 1 / 0; -- error CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW IF NOT EXISTS matview_ine_tab AS SELECT 1 / 0; -- ok CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_ine_tab AS SELECT 1 / 0 WITH NO DATA; -- error CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW IF NOT EXISTS matview_ine_tab AS SELECT 1 / 0 WITH NO DATA; -- ok EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, COSTS OFF, SUMMARY OFF, TIMING OFF) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_ine_tab AS SELECT 1 / 0; -- error EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, COSTS OFF, SUMMARY OFF, TIMING OFF) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW IF NOT EXISTS matview_ine_tab AS SELECT 1 / 0; -- ok EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, COSTS OFF, SUMMARY OFF, TIMING OFF) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_ine_tab AS SELECT 1 / 0 WITH NO DATA; -- error EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, COSTS OFF, SUMMARY OFF, TIMING OFF) CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW IF NOT EXISTS matview_ine_tab AS SELECT 1 / 0 WITH NO DATA; -- ok DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW matview_ine_tab;