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| -rw-r--r-- | PgCommon.pm | 1665 |
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diff --git a/PgCommon.pm b/PgCommon.pm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e51d89e --- /dev/null +++ b/PgCommon.pm @@ -0,0 +1,1665 @@ +=head1 NAME + +PgCommon - Common functions for the postgresql-common framework + +=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE + + (C) 2008-2009 Martin Pitt <mpitt@debian.org> + (C) 2012-2022 Christoph Berg <myon@debian.org> + +This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it +under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the +Free Software Foundation; either +L<version 2 of the License|https://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/gpl-2.0.html>, +or (at your option) any later version. + +This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY +WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A +PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. + +=cut + +package PgCommon; +use strict; +use IPC::Open3; +use Socket; +use POSIX; + +use Exporter; +our $VERSION = 1.00; +our @ISA = ('Exporter'); +our @EXPORT = qw/error user_cluster_map get_cluster_port set_cluster_port + get_cluster_socketdir set_cluster_socketdir cluster_port_running + get_cluster_start_conf set_cluster_start_conf set_cluster_pg_ctl_conf + get_program_path cluster_info validate_cluster_owner get_versions get_newest_version version_exists + get_version_clusters next_free_port cluster_exists install_file + change_ugid system_or_error config_bool replace_v_c + get_db_encoding get_db_locales get_cluster_locales get_cluster_controldata + get_cluster_databases cluster_conf_filename read_cluster_conf_file + read_pg_hba read_pidfile valid_hba_method/; +our @EXPORT_OK = qw/$confroot $binroot $rpm $have_python2 + quote_conf_value read_conf_file get_conf_value + set_conf_value set_conffile_value disable_conffile_value disable_conf_value + replace_conf_value cluster_data_directory get_file_device + check_pidfile_running/; + + +=head1 CONTENTS + +=head2 error + + Print an error message to stderr and die with exit status 1 + +=cut + +sub error { + $! = 1; # force exit code 1 + die "Error: $_[0]\n"; +} + +=head2 prepare_exec, restore_exec + + Functions for configuration + +=cut + +our $confroot = '/etc/postgresql'; +if ($ENV{'PG_CLUSTER_CONF_ROOT'}) { + ($confroot) = $ENV{'PG_CLUSTER_CONF_ROOT'} =~ /(.*)/; # untaint +} +our $common_confdir = "/etc/postgresql-common"; +if ($ENV{'PGSYSCONFDIR'}) { + ($common_confdir) = $ENV{'PGSYSCONFDIR'} =~ /(.*)/; # untaint +} +my $mapfile = "$common_confdir/user_clusters"; +our $binroot = "/usr/lib/postgresql/"; +#redhat# $binroot = "/usr/pgsql-"; +our $rpm = 0; +#redhat# $rpm = 1; +our $defaultport = 5432; +our $have_python2 = 0; # python2 removed in bullseye+ +#py2#$have_python2 = 1; + +{ + my %saved_env; + + # untaint the environment for executing an external program + # Optional arguments: list of additional variables + sub prepare_exec { + my @cleanvars = qw/PATH IFS ENV BASH_ENV CDPATH/; + push @cleanvars, @_; + %saved_env = (); + + foreach (@cleanvars) { + $saved_env{$_} = $ENV{$_}; + delete $ENV{$_}; + } + + $ENV{'PATH'} = ''; + } + + # restore the environment after prepare_exec() + sub restore_exec { + foreach (keys %saved_env) { + if (defined $saved_env{$_}) { + $ENV{$_} = $saved_env{$_}; + } else { + delete $ENV{$_}; + } + } + } +} + + +=head2 config_bool + + returns '1' if the argument is a configuration file value that stands for + true (ON, TRUE, YES, or 1, case insensitive), '0' if the argument represents + a false value (OFF, FALSE, NO, or 0, case insensitive), or undef otherwise. + +=cut + +sub config_bool { + return undef unless defined($_[0]); + return 1 if ($_[0] =~ /^(on|true|yes|1)$/i); + return 0 if ($_[0] =~ /^(off|false|no|0)$/i); + return undef; +} + + +=head2 quote_conf_value + + Quotes a value with single quotes + + Arguments: <value> + Returns: quoted string + +=cut + +sub quote_conf_value ($) { + my $value = shift; + return $value if ($value =~ /^-?[\d.]+$/); # integer or float + return $value if ($value =~ /^\w+$/); # plain word + $value =~ s/'/''/g; # else quote it + return "'$value'"; +} + + +=head2 replace_v_c + + Replaces %v and %c placeholders + + Arguments: <string> <version> <cluster> + Returns: string + +=cut + +sub replace_v_c ($$$) { + my ($str, $version, $cluster) = @_; + $str =~ s/%([vc%])/$1 eq 'v' ? $version : + $1 eq 'c' ? $cluster : '%'/eg; + return $str; +} + + +=head2 read_conf_file + + Read a 'var = value' style configuration file and return a hash with the + values. Error out if the file cannot be read. + + If the file name ends with '.conf', the keys will be normalized to + lower case (suitable for e.g. postgresql.conf), otherwise kept intact + (suitable for environment). + + Arguments: <path> + Returns: hash (empty if file does not exist) + +=cut + +sub read_conf_file { + my ($config_path) = @_; + my %conf; + local (*F); + + sub get_absolute_path { + my ($path, $parent_path) = @_; + return $path if ($path =~ m!^/!); # path is absolute + # else strip filename component from parent path + $parent_path =~ s!/[^/]*$!!; + return "$parent_path/$path"; + } + + if (open F, $config_path) { + while (<F>) { + if (/^\s*(?:#.*)?$/) { + next; + } elsif(/^\s*include_dir\s*=?\s*'([^']+)'\s*(?:#.*)?$/i) { + # read included configuration directory and merge into %conf + # files in the directory will be read in ascending order + my $path = $1; + my $absolute_path = get_absolute_path($path, $config_path); + next unless -e $absolute_path && -d $absolute_path; + my $dir; + opendir($dir, $absolute_path) or next; + foreach my $filename (sort readdir($dir) ) { + next if ($filename =~ m/^\./ or not $filename =~/\.conf$/ ); + my %include_conf = read_conf_file("$absolute_path/$filename"); + while ( my ($k, $v) = each(%include_conf) ) { + $conf{$k} = $v; + } + } + closedir($dir); + } elsif (/^\s*include(?:_if_exists)?\s*=?\s*'([^']+)'\s*(?:#.*)?$/i) { + # read included file and merge into %conf + my $path = $1; + my $absolute_path = get_absolute_path($path, $config_path); + my %include_conf = read_conf_file($absolute_path); + while ( my ($k, $v) = each(%include_conf) ) { + $conf{$k} = $v; + } + } elsif (/^\s*([a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+)\s*(?:=|\s)\s*'((?:[^']|''|(?:(?<=\\)'))*)'\s*(?:#.*)?$/i) { + # string value + my $v = $2; + my $k = $1; + $k = lc $k if $config_path =~ /\.conf$/; + $v =~ s/\\(.)/$1/g; + $v =~ s/''/'/g; + $conf{$k} = $v; + } elsif (m{^\s*([a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+)\s*(?:=|\s)\s*(-?[[:alnum:]][[:alnum:]._:/+-]*)\s*(?:\#.*)?$}i) { + # simple value (string/float) + my $v = $2; + my $k = $1; + $k = lc $k if $config_path =~ /\.conf$/; + $conf{$k} = $v; + } else { + chomp; + error "invalid line $. in $config_path: $_"; + } + } + close F; + } + + return %conf; +} + +=head2 cluster_conf_filename + + Returns path to cluster config file from a cluster configuration + directory (with /etc/postgresql-common/<file name> as fallback) + and return a hash with the values. Error out if the file cannot be read. + If config file name is postgresql.auto.conf, read from PGDATA + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <config file name> + Returns: hash (empty if the file does not exist) + +=cut + +sub cluster_conf_filename { + my ($version, $cluster, $configfile) = @_; + if ($configfile eq 'postgresql.auto.conf') { + my $data_directory = cluster_data_directory($version, $cluster); + return "$data_directory/$configfile"; + } + my $fname = "$confroot/$version/$cluster/$configfile"; + -e $fname or $fname = "$common_confdir/$configfile"; + return $fname; +} + + +=head2 read_cluster_conf_file + +Read a 'var = value' style configuration file from a cluster configuration + +Arguments: <version> <cluster> <config file name> +Returns: hash (empty if the file does not exist) + +=cut + +sub read_cluster_conf_file { + my ($version, $cluster, $configfile) = @_; + my %conf = read_conf_file(cluster_conf_filename($version, $cluster, $configfile)); + + if ($version >= 9.4 and $configfile eq 'postgresql.conf') { # merge settings changed by ALTER SYSTEM + # data_directory cannot be changed by ALTER SYSTEM + my $data_directory = cluster_data_directory($version, $cluster, \%conf); + my %auto_conf = read_conf_file "$data_directory/postgresql.auto.conf"; + foreach my $guc (keys %auto_conf) { + next if ($guc eq 'data_directory'); # defend against pg_upgradecluster bug in 200..202 + $conf{$guc} = $auto_conf{$guc}; + } + } + + return %conf; +} + + +=head2 get_conf_value + + Return parameter from a PostgreSQL configuration file, + or undef if the parameter does not exist. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <config file name> <parameter name> + +=cut + +sub get_conf_value { + my %conf = (read_cluster_conf_file $_[0], $_[1], $_[2]); + return $conf{$_[3]}; +} + + +=head2 set_conffile_value + + Set parameter of a PostgreSQL configuration file. + + Arguments: <config file name> <parameter name> <value> + +=cut + +sub set_conffile_value { + my ($fname, $key, $value) = ($_[0], $_[1], quote_conf_value($_[2])); + my @lines; + + # read configuration file lines + open (F, $fname) or die "Error: could not open $fname for reading"; + push @lines, $_ while (<F>); + close F; + + my $found = 0; + # first, search for an uncommented setting + for (my $i=0; $i <= $#lines; ++$i) { + if ($lines[$i] =~ /^\s*($key)(\s*(?:=|\s)\s*)\w+\b((?:\s*#.*)?)/i or + $lines[$i] =~ /^\s*($key)(\s*(?:=|\s)\s*)'[^']*'((?:\s*#.*)?)/i) { + $lines[$i] = "$1$2$value$3\n"; + $found = 1; + last; + } + } + + # now check if the setting exists as a comment; if so, change that instead + # of appending + if (!$found) { + for (my $i=0; $i <= $#lines; ++$i) { + if ($lines[$i] =~ /^\s*#\s*($key)(\s*(?:=|\s)\s*)\w+\b((?:\s*#.*)?)$/i or + $lines[$i] =~ /^\s*#\s*($key)(\s*(?:=|\s)\s*)'[^']*'((?:\s*#.*)?)$/i) { + $lines[$i] = "$1$2$value$3\n"; + $found = 1; + last; + } + } + } + + # not found anywhere, append it + push (@lines, "$key = $value\n") unless $found; + + # write configuration file lines + open (F, ">$fname.new") or die "Error: could not open $fname.new for writing"; + foreach (@lines) { + print F $_ or die "writing $fname.new: $!"; + } + close F; + + # copy permissions + my @st = stat $fname or die "stat: $!"; + chown $st[4], $st[5], "$fname.new"; # might fail as non-root + chmod $st[2], "$fname.new" or die "chmod: $!"; + + rename "$fname.new", "$fname" or die "rename $fname.new $fname: $!"; +} + + +=head2 set_conf_value + + Set parameter of a PostgreSQL cluster configuration file. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <config file name> <parameter name> <value> + +=cut + +sub set_conf_value { + return set_conffile_value(cluster_conf_filename($_[0], $_[1], $_[2]), $_[3], $_[4]); +} + + +=head2 disable_conffile_value + + Disable a parameter in a PostgreSQL configuration file by prepending it + with a '#'. Appends an optional explanatory comment <reason> if given. + + Arguments: <config file name> <parameter name> <reason> + +=cut + +sub disable_conffile_value { + my ($fname, $key, $reason) = @_; + my @lines; + + # read configuration file lines + open (F, $fname) or die "Error: could not open $fname for reading"; + push @lines, $_ while (<F>); + close F; + + my $changed = 0; + for (my $i=0; $i <= $#lines; ++$i) { + if ($lines[$i] =~ /^\s*$key\s*(?:=|\s)/i) { + $lines[$i] =~ s/^/#/; + $lines[$i] =~ s/$/ #$reason/ if $reason; + $changed = 1; + last; + } + } + + # write configuration file lines + if ($changed) { + open (F, ">$fname.new") or die "Error: could not open $fname.new for writing"; + foreach (@lines) { + print F $_ or die "writing $fname.new: $!"; + } + close F; + + # copy permissions + my @st = stat $fname or die "stat: $!"; + chown $st[4], $st[5], "$fname.new"; # might fail as non-root + chmod $st[2], "$fname.new" or die "chmod: $1"; + + rename "$fname.new", "$fname"; + } +} + + +=head2 disable_conf_value + + Disable a parameter in a PostgreSQL cluster configuration file by prepending + it with a '#'. Appends an optional explanatory comment <reason> if given. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <config file name> <parameter name> <reason> + +=cut + +sub disable_conf_value { + return disable_conffile_value(cluster_conf_filename($_[0], $_[1], $_[2]), $_[3], $_[4]); +} + + +=head2 replace_conf_value + + Replace a parameter in a PostgreSQL configuration file. The old parameter + is prepended with a '#' and gets an optional explanatory comment <reason> + appended, if given. The new parameter is inserted directly after the old one. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <config file name> <old parameter name> + <reason> <new parameter name> <new value> + +=cut + +sub replace_conf_value { + my ($version, $cluster, $configfile, $oldparam, $reason, $newparam, $val) = @_; + my $fname = cluster_conf_filename($version, $cluster, $configfile); + my @lines; + + # quote $val if necessary + unless ($val =~ /^\w+$/) { + $val = "'$val'"; + } + + # read configuration file lines + open (F, $fname) or die "Error: could not open $fname for reading"; + push @lines, $_ while (<F>); + close F; + + my $found = 0; + for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#lines; ++$i) { + if ($lines[$i] =~ /^\s*$oldparam\s*(?:=|\s)/i) { + $lines[$i] = '#'.$lines[$i]; + chomp $lines[$i]; + $lines[$i] .= ' #'.$reason."\n" if $reason; + + # insert the new param + splice @lines, $i+1, 0, "$newparam = $val\n"; + ++$i; + + $found = 1; + last; + } + } + + return if !$found; + + # write configuration file lines + open (F, ">$fname.new") or die "Error: could not open $fname.new for writing"; + foreach (@lines) { + print F $_ or die "writing $fname.new: $!"; + } + close F; + + # copy permissions + my @st = stat $fname or die "stat: $!"; + chown $st[4], $st[5], "$fname.new"; # might fail as non-root + chmod $st[2], "$fname.new" or die "chmod: $1"; + + rename "$fname.new", "$fname"; +} + + +=head2 get_cluster_port + + Return the port of a particular cluster + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> + +=cut + +sub get_cluster_port { + return get_conf_value($_[0], $_[1], 'postgresql.conf', 'port') || $defaultport; +} + + +=head2 set_cluster_port + + Set the port of a particular cluster. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <port> + +=cut + +sub set_cluster_port { + set_conf_value $_[0], $_[1], 'postgresql.conf', 'port', $_[2]; +} + + +=head2 cluster_data_directory + + Return cluster data directory. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster name> [<config_hash>] + +=cut + +sub cluster_data_directory { + my $d; + if ($_[2]) { + $d = ${$_[2]}{'data_directory'}; + } else { + $d = get_conf_value($_[0], $_[1], 'postgresql.conf', 'data_directory'); + } + my $confdir = "$confroot/$_[0]/$_[1]"; + if (!$d) { + # fall back to /pgdata symlink (supported by earlier p-common releases) + $d = readlink "$confdir/pgdata"; + } + if (!$d and -l $confdir and -f "$confdir/PG_VERSION") { # symlink from /etc/postgresql + $d = readlink $confdir; + } + if (!$d and -f "$confdir/PG_VERSION") { # PGDATA in /etc/postgresql + $d = $confdir; + } + ($d) = $d =~ /(.*)/ if defined $d; #untaint + return $d; +} + + +=head2 get_cluster_socketdir + + Return the socket directory of a particular cluster + or undef if the cluster does not exist. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> + +=cut + +sub get_cluster_socketdir { + # if it is explicitly configured, just return it + my $socketdir = get_conf_value($_[0], $_[1], 'postgresql.conf', + $_[0] >= 9.3 ? 'unix_socket_directories' : 'unix_socket_directory'); + $socketdir =~ s/\s*,.*// if ($socketdir); # ignore additional directories for now + return $socketdir if $socketdir; + + #redhat# return '/tmp'; # RedHat PGDG packages default to /tmp + # try to determine whether this is a postgres owned cluster and we default + # to /var/run/postgresql + $socketdir = '/var/run/postgresql'; + my @socketdirstat = stat $socketdir; + + error "Cannot stat $socketdir" unless @socketdirstat; + + if ($_[0] && $_[1]) { + my $datadir = cluster_data_directory $_[0], $_[1]; + error "Invalid data directory for cluster $_[0] $_[1]" unless $datadir; + my @datadirstat = stat $datadir; + unless (@datadirstat) { + my @p = split '/', $datadir; + my $parent = join '/', @p[0..($#p-1)]; + error "$datadir is not accessible; please fix the directory permissions ($parent/ should be world readable)" unless @datadirstat; + } + + $socketdir = '/tmp' if $socketdirstat[4] != $datadirstat[4]; + } + + return $socketdir; +} + + +=head2 set_cluster_socketdir + + Set the socket directory of a particular cluster. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <directory> + +=cut + +sub set_cluster_socketdir { + set_conf_value $_[0], $_[1], 'postgresql.conf', + $_[0] >= 9.3 ? 'unix_socket_directories' : 'unix_socket_directory', + $_[2]; +} + + +=head2 get_program_path + + Return the path of a program of a particular version. + + Arguments: <program name> [<version>] + +=cut + +sub get_program_path { + my ($program, $version) = @_; + return '' unless defined $program; + $version //= get_newest_version($program); + my $path = "$binroot$version/bin/$program"; + ($path) = $path =~ /(.*)/; #untaint + return $path if -x $path; + return ''; +} + + +=head2 cluster_port_running + + Check whether a postgres server is running at the specified port. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <port> + +=cut + +sub cluster_port_running { + die "port_running: invalid port $_[2]" if $_[2] !~ /\d+/; + my $socketdir = get_cluster_socketdir $_[0], $_[1]; + my $socketpath = "$socketdir/.s.PGSQL.$_[2]"; + return 0 unless -S $socketpath; + + socket(SRV, PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0) or die "socket: $!"; + my $running = connect(SRV, sockaddr_un($socketpath)); + close SRV; + return $running ? 1 : 0; +} + + +=head2 get_cluster_start_conf + + Read, verify, and return the current start.conf setting. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> + Returns: auto | manual | disabled + +=cut + +sub get_cluster_start_conf { + my $start_conf = "$confroot/$_[0]/$_[1]/start.conf"; + if (-e $start_conf) { + open F, $start_conf or error "Could not open $start_conf: $!"; + while (<F>) { + s/#.*$//; + s/^\s*//; + s/\s*$//; + next unless $_; + close F; + return $1 if (/^(auto|manual|disabled)/); + error "Invalid mode in $start_conf, must be one of auto, manual, disabled"; + } + close F; + } + return 'auto'; # default +} + + +=head2 set_cluster_start_conf + + Change start.conf setting. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <value> + <value> = auto | manual | disabled + +=cut + +sub set_cluster_start_conf { + my ($v, $c, $val) = @_; + + error "Invalid mode: '$val'" unless $val eq 'auto' || + $val eq 'manual' || $val eq 'disabled'; + + my $perms = 0644; + + # start.conf setting + my $start_conf = "$confroot/$_[0]/$_[1]/start.conf"; + my $text; + if (-e $start_conf) { + open F, $start_conf or error "Could not open $start_conf: $!"; + while (<F>) { + if (/^\s*(?:auto|manual|disabled)\b(.*$)/) { + $text .= $val . $1 . "\n"; + } else { + $text .= $_; + } + } + + # preserve permissions if it already exists + $perms = (stat F)[2]; + error "Could not get permissions of $start_conf: $!" unless $perms; + close F; + } else { + $text = "# Automatic startup configuration +# auto: automatically start the cluster +# manual: manual startup with pg_ctlcluster/postgresql@.service only +# disabled: refuse to start cluster +# See pg_createcluster(1) for details. When running from systemd, +# invoke 'systemctl daemon-reload' after editing this file. + +$val +"; + } + + open F, '>' . $start_conf or error "Could not open $start_conf for writing: $!"; + chmod $perms, $start_conf; + print F $text; + close F; +} + + +=head2 set_cluster_pg_ctl_conf + + Change pg_ctl.conf setting. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <options> + <options> = options passed to pg_ctl(1) + +=cut + +sub set_cluster_pg_ctl_conf { + my ($v, $c, $opts) = @_; + my $perms = 0644; + + # pg_ctl.conf setting + my $pg_ctl_conf = "$confroot/$v/$c/pg_ctl.conf"; + my $text = "# Automatic pg_ctl configuration +# This configuration file contains cluster specific options to be passed to +# pg_ctl(1). + +pg_ctl_options = '$opts' +"; + + open F, '>' . $pg_ctl_conf or error "Could not open $pg_ctl_conf for writing: $!"; + chmod $perms, $pg_ctl_conf; + print F $text; + close F; +} + + +=head2 read_pidfile + + Return the PID from an existing PID file or undef if it does not exist. + + Arguments: <pid file path> + +=cut + +sub read_pidfile { + return undef unless -e $_[0]; + + if (open PIDFILE, $_[0]) { + my $pid = <PIDFILE>; + close PIDFILE; + return undef unless ($pid); + chomp $pid; + ($pid) = $pid =~ /^(\d+)\s*$/; # untaint + return $pid; + } else { + return undef; + } +} + + +=head2 check_pidfile_running + + Check whether a pid file is present and belongs to a running postgres. + Returns undef if it cannot be determined + + Arguments: <pid file path> + + postgres does not clean up the PID file when it stops, and it is + not world readable, so only its absence is a definitive result; + if it is present, we need to read it and check the PID, which will + only work as root + +=cut + +sub check_pidfile_running { + return 0 if ! -e $_[0]; + + my $pid = read_pidfile $_[0]; + if (defined $pid and open CL, "/proc/$pid/cmdline") { + my $cmdline = <CL>; + close CL; + if ($cmdline and $cmdline =~ /\bpostgres\b/) { + return 1; + } else { + return 0; + } + } + return undef; +} + + +=head2 cluster_supervisor + + Determine if a cluster is managed by a supervisor (pacemaker, patroni). + Returns undef if it cannot be determined + + Arguments: <pid file path> + + postgres does not clean up the PID file when it stops, and it is + not world readable, so only its absence is a definitive result; if it + is present, we need to read it and check the PID, which will only + work as root + +=cut + +sub cluster_supervisor { + return undef if ! -e $_[0]; + + my $pid = read_pidfile $_[0]; + if (defined $pid and open(CG, "/proc/$pid/cgroup")) { + local $/; # enable localized slurp mode + my $cgroup = <CG>; + close CG; + if ($cgroup and $cgroup =~ /\b(pacemaker|patroni)\b/) { + return $1; + } + } + return undef; +} + + +=head2 cluster_info + + Return a hash with information about a specific cluster (which needs to exist). + + Arguments: <version> <cluster name> + Returns: information hash (keys: pgdata, port, running, logfile [unless it + has a custom one], configdir, owneruid, ownergid, waldir, socketdir, + config->postgresql.conf) + +=cut + +sub cluster_info { + my ($v, $c) = @_; + error 'cluster_info must be called with <version> <cluster> arguments' unless ($v and $c); + + my %result; + $result{'configdir'} = "$confroot/$v/$c"; + $result{'configuid'} = (stat "$result{configdir}/postgresql.conf")[4]; + + my %postgresql_conf = read_cluster_conf_file $v, $c, 'postgresql.conf'; + $result{'config'} = \%postgresql_conf; + $result{'pgdata'} = cluster_data_directory $v, $c, \%postgresql_conf; + return %result unless (keys %postgresql_conf); + $result{'port'} = $postgresql_conf{'port'} || $defaultport; + $result{'socketdir'} = get_cluster_socketdir $v, $c; + + # if we can determine the running status with the pid file, prefer that + if ($postgresql_conf{'external_pid_file'} && + $postgresql_conf{'external_pid_file'} ne '(none)') { + $result{'running'} = check_pidfile_running $postgresql_conf{'external_pid_file'}; + my $supervisor = cluster_supervisor($postgresql_conf{'external_pid_file'}); + $result{supervisor} = $supervisor if ($supervisor); + } + + # otherwise fall back to probing the port; this is unreliable if the port + # was changed in the configuration file in the meantime + if (!defined ($result{'running'})) { + $result{'running'} = cluster_port_running ($v, $c, $result{'port'}); + } + + if ($result{'pgdata'}) { + ($result{'owneruid'}, $result{'ownergid'}) = + (stat $result{'pgdata'})[4,5]; + if ($v >= 12) { + $result{'recovery'} = 1 if (-e "$result{'pgdata'}/recovery.signal" + or -e "$result{'pgdata'}/standby.signal"); + } else { + $result{'recovery'} = 1 if (-e "$result{'pgdata'}/recovery.conf"); + } + my $waldirname = $v >= 10 ? 'pg_wal' : 'pg_xlog'; + if (-l "$result{pgdata}/$waldirname") { # custom wal directory + ($result{waldir}) = readlink("$result{pgdata}/$waldirname") =~ /(.*)/; # untaint + } + } + $result{'start'} = get_cluster_start_conf $v, $c; + + # default log file (possibly used only for early startup messages) + my $log_symlink = $result{'configdir'} . "/log"; + if (-l $log_symlink) { + ($result{'logfile'}) = readlink ($log_symlink) =~ /(.*)/; # untaint + } else { + $result{'logfile'} = "/var/log/postgresql/postgresql-$v-$c.log"; + } + + return %result; +} + + +=head2 validate_cluster_owner + + Checks if the owner of a cluster is valid, and the owner of the config matches + the owner of the data directory. + + Arguments: cluster_info hash reference + +=cut + +sub validate_cluster_owner($) { + my $info = shift; + + unless ($info->{pgdata}) { + error "Cluster data directory is unknown"; + } + unless (-d $info->{pgdata}) { + error "$info->{pgdata} is not accessible or does not exist"; + } + unless (defined $info->{owneruid}) { + error "Could not determine owner of $info->{pgdata}"; + } + if ($info->{owneruid} == 0) { + error "Data directory $info->{pgdata} must not be owned by root"; + } + unless (getpwuid $info->{owneruid}) { + error "The cluster is owned by user id $info->{owneruid} which does not exist"; + } + unless (getgrgid $info->{ownergid}) { + error "The cluster is owned by group id $info->{ownergid} which does not exist"; + } + # owneruid and configuid need to match, unless configuid is root + if (($< == 0 or $> == 0) and $info->{configuid} != 0 and + $info->{configuid} != $info->{owneruid}) { + my $configowner = (getpwuid $info->{configuid})[0] || "(unknown)"; + my $dataowner = (getpwuid $info->{owneruid})[0]; + error "Config owner ($configowner:$info->{configuid}) and data owner ($dataowner:$info->{owneruid}) do not match, and config owner is not root"; + } +} + + +=head2 get_versions + + Return an array of all available versions (by binaries and postgresql.conf files) + + Arguments: binary to scan for (optional, defaults to postgres), maximum acceptable version (optional) + +=cut + +sub get_versions { + my $program = shift // 'postgres'; + my $max_version = shift; + my %versions = (); + + # enumerate psql versions from /usr/lib/postgresql/* (or /usr/pgsql-*) + my $dir = $binroot; + #redhat# $dir = '/usr'; + if (opendir (D, $dir)) { + my $entry; + while (defined ($entry = readdir D)) { + next if $entry eq '.' || $entry eq '..'; + my $pfx = ''; + #redhat# $pfx = "pgsql-"; + my $version; + ($version) = $entry =~ /^$pfx(\d+\.?\d+)$/; # untaint + next if ($max_version and $version > $max_version); + $versions{$version} = 1 if $version and get_program_path ($program, $version); + } + closedir D; + } + + # enumerate server versions from /etc/postgresql/* + if ($program eq 'postgres' and opendir (D, $confroot)) { + my $v; + while (defined ($v = readdir D)) { + next if $v eq '.' || $v eq '..'; + ($v) = $v =~ /^(\d+\.?\d+)$/; # untaint + next unless ($v); + next if ($max_version and $v > $max_version); + + if (opendir (C, "$confroot/$v")) { + my $c; + while (defined ($c = readdir C)) { + if (-e "$confroot/$v/$c/postgresql.conf") { + $versions{$v} = 1; + last; + } + } + closedir C; + } + } + closedir D; + } + + return sort { $a <=> $b } keys %versions; +} + + +=head2 get_newest_version + + Return the newest available version + + Arguments: binary to scan for (optional), maximum acceptable version (optional) + +=cut + +sub get_newest_version { + my $program = shift; + my $max_version = shift; + my @versions = get_versions($program, $max_version); + return undef unless (@versions); + return $versions[-1]; +} + +=head2 version_exists + + Check whether a version exists + +=cut + +sub version_exists { + my ($version) = @_; + return get_program_path ('psql', $version); +} + + +=head2 get_version_clusters + + Return an array of all available clusters of given version + + Arguments: <version> + +=cut + +sub get_version_clusters { + my $vdir = $confroot.'/'.$_[0].'/'; + my @clusters = (); + if (opendir (D, $vdir)) { + my $entry; + while (defined ($entry = readdir D)) { + next if $entry eq '.' || $entry eq '..'; + ($entry) = $entry =~ /^(.*)$/; # untaint + my $conf = "$vdir$entry/postgresql.conf"; + if (-e $conf or -l $conf) { # existing file, or dead symlink + push @clusters, $entry; + } + } + closedir D; + } + return sort @clusters; +} + + +=head2 cluster_exists + + Check if a cluster exists. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> + +=cut + +sub cluster_exists { + for my $c (get_version_clusters $_[0]) { + return 1 if $c eq $_[1]; + } + return 0; +} + + +=head2 next_free_port + + Return the next free PostgreSQL port. + +=cut + +sub next_free_port { + # create list of already used ports + my %ports; + for my $v (get_versions) { + for my $c (get_version_clusters $v) { + $ports{ get_cluster_port ($v, $c) } = 1; + } + } + + my $port; + for ($port = $defaultport; $port < 65536; ++$port) { + # port in use by existing cluster + next if (exists $ports{$port}); + + # IPv4 port in use + my ($have_ip4, $have_ip6); + if (socket (SOCK, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, getprotobyname('tcp'))) { + $have_ip4 = 1; + setsockopt(SOCK, Socket::SOL_SOCKET, Socket::SO_REUSEADDR, 1) or error "setsockopt: $!"; + my $res4 = bind (SOCK, sockaddr_in($port, INADDR_ANY)) and listen (SOCK, 0); + my $err = $!; + close SOCK; + next unless ($res4); + } + + # IPv6 port in use + if (exists $Socket::{"IN6ADDR_ANY"}) { + if (socket (SOCK, PF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, getprotobyname('tcp'))) { + $have_ip6 = 1; + setsockopt(SOCK, Socket::SOL_SOCKET, Socket::SO_REUSEADDR, 1) or error "setsockopt: $!"; + my $res6 = bind (SOCK, sockaddr_in6($port, Socket::IN6ADDR_ANY)) and listen (SOCK, 0); + my $err = $!; + close SOCK; + next unless ($res6); + } + } + + unless ($have_ip4 or $have_ip6) { + # require at least one protocol to work (PostgreSQL needs it anyway + # for the stats collector) + die "could not create socket: $!"; + } + + close SOCK; + # return port if it is available on all supported protocols + return $port; + } + + die "no free port found"; +} + + +=head2 user_cluster_map + + Return the PostgreSQL version, cluster, and database to connect to. + + Version is always set (defaulting to the version of the default port + if no matching entry is found, or finally to the latest installed version + if there are no clusters at all), cluster and database may be 'undef'. + If only one cluster exists, and no matching entry is found in the map files, + that cluster is returned. + +=cut + +sub user_cluster_map { + my ($user, $pwd, $uid, $gid) = getpwuid $>; + my $group = (getgrgid $gid)[0]; + + # check per-user configuration file + my $home = $ENV{"HOME"} || (getpwuid $>)[7]; + my $homemapfile = $home . '/.postgresqlrc'; + if (open MAP, $homemapfile) { + while (<MAP>) { + s/#.*//; + next if /^\s*$/; + my ($v,$c,$db) = split; + if (!version_exists $v) { + print "Warning: $homemapfile line $.: version $v does not exist\n"; + next; + } + if (!cluster_exists $v, $c and $c !~ /^(\S+):(\d*)$/) { + print "Warning: $homemapfile line $.: cluster $v/$c does not exist\n"; + next; + } + if ($db) { + close MAP; + return ($v, $c, ($db eq "*") ? undef : $db); + } else { + print "Warning: ignoring invalid line $. in $homemapfile\n"; + next; + } + } + close MAP; + } + + # check global map file + if (open MAP, $mapfile) { + while (<MAP>) { + s/#.*//; + next if /^\s*$/; + my ($u,$g,$v,$c,$db) = split; + if (!$db) { + print "Warning: ignoring invalid line $. in $mapfile\n"; + next; + } + if (!version_exists $v) { + print "Warning: $mapfile line $.: version $v does not exist\n"; + next; + } + if (!cluster_exists $v, $c and $c !~ /^(\S+):(\d*)$/) { + print "Warning: $mapfile line $.: cluster $v/$c does not exist\n"; + next; + } + if (($u eq "*" || $u eq $user) && ($g eq "*" || $g eq $group)) { + close MAP; + return ($v,$c, ($db eq "*") ? undef : $db); + } + } + close MAP; + } + + # if only one cluster exists, use that + my $count = 0; + my ($last_version, $last_cluster, $defaultport_version, $defaultport_cluster); + for my $v (get_versions) { + for my $c (get_version_clusters $v) { + my $port = get_cluster_port ($v, $c); + $last_version = $v; + $last_cluster = $c; + if ($port == $defaultport) { + $defaultport_version = $v; + $defaultport_cluster = $c; + } + ++$count; + } + } + return ($last_version, $last_cluster, undef) if $count == 1; + + if ($count == 0) { + # if there are no local clusters, use latest clients for accessing + # network clusters + return (get_newest_version('psql'), undef, undef); + } + + # more than one cluster exists, return cluster at default port + return ($defaultport_version, $defaultport_cluster, undef); +} + + +=head2 install_file + + Copy a file to a destination and setup permissions + + Arguments: <source file> <destination file or dir> <uid> <gid> <permissions> + +=cut + +sub install_file { + my ($source, $dest, $uid, $gid, $perm) = @_; + + if (system 'install', '-o', $uid, '-g', $gid, '-m', $perm, $source, $dest) { + error "install_file: could not install $source to $dest"; + } +} + + +=head2 change_ugid + + Change effective and real user and group id. Also activates all auxiliary + groups the user is in. Exits with an error message if user/group ID cannot + be changed. + + Arguments: <user id> <group id> + +=cut + +sub change_ugid { + my ($uid, $gid) = @_; + + # auxiliary groups + my $uname = (getpwuid $uid)[0]; + prepare_exec; + my $groups = "$gid " . `/usr/bin/id -G $uname`; + restore_exec; + + $) = $groups; + $( = $gid; + $> = $< = $uid; + error 'Could not change user id' if $< != $uid; + error 'Could not change group id' if $( != $gid; +} + + +=head2 system_or_error + + Run a command and error out if it exits with a non-zero status. + + Arguments: <command ...> + +=cut + +sub system_or_error { + my $ret = system @_; + if ($ret) { + my $message = "@_ failed with exit code $ret"; + $message .= ": $!" if ($!); + error $message; + } +} + + +=head2 get_db_encoding + + Return the encoding of a particular database in a cluster. + + This requires access privileges to that database, so this + function should be called as the cluster owner. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <database> + Returns: Encoding or undef if it cannot be determined. + +=cut + +sub get_db_encoding { + my ($version, $cluster, $db) = @_; + my $port = get_cluster_port $version, $cluster; + my $socketdir = get_cluster_socketdir $version, $cluster; + my $psql = get_program_path 'psql', $version; + return undef unless ($port && $socketdir && $psql); + + # try to swich to cluster owner + prepare_exec 'LC_ALL'; + $ENV{'LC_ALL'} = 'C'; + my $orig_euid = $>; + $> = (stat (cluster_data_directory $version, $cluster))[4]; + open PSQL, '-|', $psql, '-h', $socketdir, '-p', $port, '-AXtc', + 'select getdatabaseencoding()', $db or + die "Internal error: could not call $psql to determine db encoding: $!"; + my $out = <PSQL>; + close PSQL; + $> = $orig_euid; + restore_exec; + return undef if $?; + chomp $out; + ($out) = $out =~ /^([\w.-]+)$/; # untaint + return $out; +} + + +=head2 get_db_locales + + Return locale of a particular database in a cluster. This requires access + privileges to that database, so this function should be called as the cluster + owner. (For versions >= 8.4; for older versions use get_cluster_locales()). + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> <database> + Returns: (LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE) or (undef,undef) if it cannot be determined. + +=cut + +sub get_db_locales { + my ($version, $cluster, $db) = @_; + my $port = get_cluster_port $version, $cluster; + my $socketdir = get_cluster_socketdir $version, $cluster; + my $psql = get_program_path 'psql', $version; + return undef unless ($port && $socketdir && $psql); + my ($ctype, $collate); + + # try to switch to cluster owner + prepare_exec 'LC_ALL'; + $ENV{'LC_ALL'} = 'C'; + my $orig_euid = $>; + $> = (stat (cluster_data_directory $version, $cluster))[4]; + open PSQL, '-|', $psql, '-h', $socketdir, '-p', $port, '-AXtc', + 'SHOW lc_ctype', $db or + die "Internal error: could not call $psql to determine db lc_ctype: $!"; + my $out = <PSQL> // error 'could not determine db lc_ctype'; + close PSQL; + ($ctype) = $out =~ /^([\w.\@-]+)$/; # untaint + open PSQL, '-|', $psql, '-h', $socketdir, '-p', $port, '-AXtc', + 'SHOW lc_collate', $db or + die "Internal error: could not call $psql to determine db lc_collate: $!"; + $out = <PSQL> // error 'could not determine db lc_collate'; + close PSQL; + ($collate) = $out =~ /^([\w.\@-]+)$/; # untaint + $> = $orig_euid; + restore_exec; + chomp $ctype; + chomp $collate; + return ($ctype, $collate) unless $?; + return (undef, undef); +} + + +=head2 get_cluster_locales + + Return the CTYPE and COLLATE locales of a cluster. + + This needs to be called as root or as the cluster owner. + (For versions <= 8.3; for >= 8.4, use get_db_locales()). + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> + Returns: (LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE) or (undef,undef) if it cannot be determined. + +=cut + +sub get_cluster_locales { + my ($version, $cluster) = @_; + my ($lc_ctype, $lc_collate) = (undef, undef); + + if ($version >= '8.4') { + print STDERR "Error: get_cluster_locales() does not work for 8.4+\n"; + exit 1; + } + + my $pg_controldata = get_program_path 'pg_controldata', $version; + if (! -e $pg_controldata) { + print STDERR "Error: pg_controldata not found, please install postgresql-$version\n"; + exit 1; + } + prepare_exec ('LC_ALL', 'LANG', 'LANGUAGE'); + $ENV{'LC_ALL'} = 'C'; + my $result = open (CTRL, '-|', $pg_controldata, (cluster_data_directory $version, $cluster)); + restore_exec; + return (undef, undef) unless defined $result; + while (<CTRL>) { + if (/^LC_CTYPE\W*(\S+)\s*$/) { + $lc_ctype = $1; + } elsif (/^LC_COLLATE\W*(\S+)\s*$/) { + $lc_collate = $1; + } + } + close CTRL; + return ($lc_ctype, $lc_collate); +} + + +=head2 get_cluster_controldata + + Return the pg_control data for a cluster + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> + Returns: hashref + +=cut + +sub get_cluster_controldata { + my ($version, $cluster) = @_; + + my $pg_controldata = get_program_path 'pg_controldata', $version; + if (! -e $pg_controldata) { + print STDERR "Error: pg_controldata not found, please install postgresql-$version\n"; + exit 1; + } + prepare_exec ('LC_ALL', 'LANG', 'LANGUAGE'); + $ENV{'LC_ALL'} = 'C'; + my $result = open (CTRL, '-|', $pg_controldata, (cluster_data_directory $version, $cluster)); + restore_exec; + return undef unless defined $result; + my $data = {}; + while (<CTRL>) { + if (/^(.+?):\s*(.*)/) { + $data->{$1} = $2; + } else { + error "Invalid pg_controldata output: $_"; + } + } + close CTRL; + return $data; +} + + +=head2 get_cluster_databases + + Return an array with all databases of a cluster. + + This requires connection privileges to template1, so + this function should be called as the cluster owner. + + Arguments: <version> <cluster> + Returns: array of database names or undef on error. + +=cut + +sub get_cluster_databases { + my ($version, $cluster) = @_; + my $port = get_cluster_port $version, $cluster; + my $socketdir = get_cluster_socketdir $version, $cluster; + my $psql = get_program_path 'psql', $version; + return undef unless ($port && $socketdir && $psql); + + # try to swich to cluster owner + prepare_exec 'LC_ALL'; + $ENV{'LC_ALL'} = 'C'; + my $orig_euid = $>; + $> = (stat (cluster_data_directory $version, $cluster))[4]; + + my @dbs; + my @fields; + if (open PSQL, '-|', $psql, '-h', $socketdir, '-p', $port, '-AXtl') { + while (<PSQL>) { + chomp; + @fields = split '\|'; + next if $#fields < 2; # remove access privs which get line broken + push (@dbs, $fields[0]); + } + close PSQL; + } + + $> = $orig_euid; + restore_exec; + + return $? ? undef : @dbs; +} + + +=head2 get_file_device + + Return the device name a file is stored at. + + Arguments: <file path> + Returns: device name, or '' if it cannot be determined. + +=cut + +sub get_file_device { + my $dev = ''; + prepare_exec; + my $pid = open3(\*CHLD_IN, \*CHLD_OUT, \*CHLD_ERR, '/bin/df', $_[0]); + waitpid $pid, 0; # we simply ignore exit code and stderr + while (<CHLD_OUT>) { + if (/^\/dev/) { + $dev = (split)[0]; + } + } + restore_exec; + close CHLD_IN; + close CHLD_OUT; + close CHLD_ERR; + return $dev; +} + + +=head2 parse_hba_line + + Parse a single pg_hba.conf line. + + Arguments: <line> + Returns: Hash reference (or only line and type==undef for invalid lines) + +=over 4 + +=item * + +line -> the verbatim pg_hba line + +=item * + +type -> comment, local, host, hostssl, hostnossl, undef + +=item * + +db -> database name + +=item * + +user -> user name + +=item * + +method -> trust, reject, md5, crypt, password, krb5, ident, pam + +=item * + +ip -> ip address + +=item * + +mask -> network mask (either a single number as number of bits, or bit mask) + +=back + +=cut + +sub parse_hba_line { + my $l = $_[0]; + chomp $l; + + # comment line? + return { 'type' => 'comment', 'line' => $l } if ($l =~ /^\s*($|#)/); + + my $res = { 'line' => $l }; + my @tok = split /\s+/, $l; + goto error if $#tok < 3; + + $$res{'type'} = shift @tok; + $$res{'db'} = shift @tok; + $$res{'user'} = shift @tok; + + # local connection? + if ($$res{'type'} eq 'local') { + goto error if $#tok > 1; + goto error unless valid_hba_method($tok[0]); + $$res{'method'} = join (' ', @tok); + return $res; + } + + # host connection? + if ($$res{'type'} =~ /^host((no)?ssl)?$/) { + my ($i, $c) = split '/', (shift @tok); + goto error unless $i; + $$res{'ip'} = $i; + + # CIDR mask given? + if (defined $c) { + goto error if $c !~ /^(\d+)$/; + $$res{'mask'} = $c; + } else { + $$res{'mask'} = shift @tok; + } + + goto error if $#tok > 1; + goto error unless valid_hba_method($tok[0]); + $$res{'method'} = join (' ', @tok); + return $res; + } + +error: + $$res{'type'} = undef; + return $res; +} + + +=head2 read_pg_hba + + Parse given pg_hba.conf file. + + Arguments: <pg_hba.conf path> + Returns: Array with hash refs; for hash contents, see parse_hba_line(). + +=cut + +sub read_pg_hba { + open HBA, $_[0] or return undef; + my @hba; + while (<HBA>) { + my $r = parse_hba_line $_; + push @hba, $r; + } + close HBA; + return @hba; +} + + +=head2 valid_hba_method + + Check if hba method is known + + Argument: hba method + Returns: True if method is valid + +=cut + +sub valid_hba_method { + my $method = $_[0]; + + my %valid_methods = qw/trust 1 reject 1 md5 1 crypt 1 password 1 krb5 1 ident 1 pam 1/; + + return exists($valid_methods{$method}); +} + +1; |