Adding upstream version 3.40.1.upstream/3.40.1 upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>
author: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org> 2024-05-05 17:28:19 +0000
committer: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org> 2024-05-05 17:28:19 +0000
commit: 18657a960e125336f704ea058e25c27bd3900dcb (patch)
tree: 17b438b680ed45a996d7b59951e6aa34023783f2 /www/lang_createtable.html
parent: Initial commit. (diff)
download: sqlite3-18657a960e125336f704ea058e25c27bd3900dcb.tar.xz
sqlite3-18657a960e125336f704ea058e25c27bd3900dcb.zip
1 files changed, 5895 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/www/lang_createtable.html b/www/lang_createtable.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c7c037
--- /dev/null
+++ b/www/lang_createtable.html
@@ -0,0 +1,5895 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html><head>
+<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
+<link href="sqlite.css" rel="stylesheet">
+<title>CREATE TABLE</title>
+<!-- path= -->
+</head>
+<body>
+<div class=nosearch>
+<a href="index.html">
+<img class="logo" src="images/sqlite370_banner.gif" alt="SQLite" border="0">
+</a>
+<div><!-- IE hack to prevent disappearing logo --></div>
+<div class="tagline desktoponly">
+Small. Fast. Reliable.<br>Choose any three.
+</div>
+<div class="menu mainmenu">
+<ul>
+<li><a href="index.html">Home</a>
+<li class='mobileonly'><a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick='toggle_div("submenu")'>Menu</a>
+<li class='wideonly'><a href='about.html'>About</a>
+<li class='desktoponly'><a href="docs.html">Documentation</a>
+<li class='desktoponly'><a href="download.html">Download</a>
+<li class='wideonly'><a href='copyright.html'>License</a>
+<li class='desktoponly'><a href="support.html">Support</a>
+<li class='desktoponly'><a href="prosupport.html">Purchase</a>
+<li class='search' id='search_menubutton'>
+<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick='toggle_search()'>Search</a>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="menu submenu" id="submenu">
+<ul>
+<li><a href='about.html'>About</a>
+<li><a href='docs.html'>Documentation</a>
+<li><a href='download.html'>Download</a>
+<li><a href='support.html'>Support</a>
+<li><a href='prosupport.html'>Purchase</a>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="searchmenu" id="searchmenu">
+<form method="GET" action="search">
+<select name="s" id="searchtype">
+<option value="d">Search Documentation</option>
+<option value="c">Search Changelog</option>
+</select>
+<input type="text" name="q" id="searchbox" value="">
+<input type="submit" value="Go">
+</form>
+</div>
+</div>
+<script>
+function toggle_div(nm) {
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+function div_off(nm){document.getElementById(nm).style.display="none";}
+window.onbeforeunload = function(e){div_off("submenu");}
+/* Disable the Search feature if we are not operating from CGI, since */
+/* Search is accomplished using CGI and will not work without it. */
+if( !location.origin || !location.origin.match || !location.origin.match(/http/) ){
+document.getElementById("search_menubutton").style.display = "none";
+}
+/* Used by the Hide/Show button beside syntax diagrams, to toggle the */
+function hideorshow(btn,obj){
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+<div class=fancy>
+<div class=nosearch>
+<div class="fancy_title">
+CREATE TABLE
+</div>
+<div class="fancy_toc">
+<a onclick="toggle_toc()">
+<span class="fancy_toc_mark" id="toc_mk">&#x25ba;</span>
+Table Of Contents
+</a>
+<div id="toc_sub"><div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#syntax">1. Syntax</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#the_create_table_command">2. The CREATE TABLE command</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#create_table_as_select_statements">2.1. CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT Statements</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#column_definitions">3. Column Definitions</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#column_data_types">3.1. Column Data Types</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#the_default_clause">3.2. The DEFAULT clause</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#the_collate_clause">3.3. The COLLATE clause</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#the_generated_always_as_clause">3.4. The GENERATED ALWAYS AS clause</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#the_primary_key">3.5. The PRIMARY KEY</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#unique_constraints">3.6. UNIQUE constraints</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#check_constraints">3.7. CHECK constraints</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#not_null_constraints">3.8. NOT NULL constraints</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#constraint_enforcement">4. Constraint enforcement</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#response_to_constraint_violations">4.1. Response to constraint violations</a></div>
+<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#rowids_and_the_integer_primary_key">5. ROWIDs and the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY</a></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<script>
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+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<h1 id="syntax"><span>1. </span>Syntax</h1>
+
+<p><b><a href="syntax/create-table-stmt.html">create-table-stmt:</a></b>
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+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/ordering-term.html">ordering-term:</a></b>
+<button id='x1441' onclick='hideorshow("x1441","x1442")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1442' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
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+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/raise-function.html">raise-function:</a></b>
+<button id='x1443' onclick='hideorshow("x1443","x1444")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1444' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/literal-value.html">literal-value:</a></b>
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/signed-number.html">signed-number:</a></b>
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/type-name.html">type-name:</a></b>
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/signed-number.html">signed-number:</a></b>
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+<path d="M207,32L259,32A15 15 0 0 0 274 17A15 15 0 0 0 259 2L207,2A15 15 0 0 0 192 17A15 15 0 0 0 207 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M456,17L553,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M207,108L249,108A15 15 0 0 0 264 92A15 15 0 0 0 249 77L207,77A15 15 0 0 0 192 92A15 15 0 0 0 207 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="228" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ABORT</text>
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+<path d="M264,92L294,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M300,92 L 307,92 Q 315,92 315,77 L 315,70 Q 315,55 322,55 L 330,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M207,145L229,145A15 15 0 0 0 244 130A15 15 0 0 0 229 115L207,115A15 15 0 0 0 192 130A15 15 0 0 0 207 145Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="218" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FAIL</text>
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+<path d="M244,130L294,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M300,130 L 307,130 Q 315,130 315,115 L 315,92 L 315,77"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="192,130 180,135 180,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M165,39 L 165,115 Q 165,130 176,130 L 186,130"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/type-name.html">type-name:</a></b>
+<button id='x1473' onclick='hideorshow("x1473","x1474")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1474' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:661px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 661.008 110.16">
+<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M60,32L87,32A15 15 0 0 0 102 17A15 15 0 0 0 87 2L60,2A15 15 0 0 0 45 17A15 15 0 0 0 60 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="74" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">name</text>
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+<path d="M102,17 L 123,17 Q 138,17 138,32 L 138,77 Q 138,92 149,92 L 159,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M180,108A15 15 0 0 0 195 92A15 15 0 0 0 180 77A15 15 0 0 0 165 92A15 15 0 0 0 180 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M212,108L350,108L350,77L212,77Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="281" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">signed-number</text>
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+<path d="M382,108A15 15 0 0 0 398 92A15 15 0 0 0 382 77A15 15 0 0 0 367 92A15 15 0 0 0 382 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="382" y="92" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
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+<path d="M398,92L409,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M415,108L553,108L553,77L415,77Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M553,92L564,92"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M585,108A15 15 0 0 0 600 92A15 15 0 0 0 585 77A15 15 0 0 0 570 92A15 15 0 0 0 585 108Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="585" y="92" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
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+<path d="M180,70A15 15 0 0 0 195 55L195,55A15 15 0 0 0 180 39A15 15 0 0 0 165 55L165,55A15 15 0 0 0 180 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M212,70L350,70L350,39L212,39Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M350,55L362,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M382,70A15 15 0 0 0 398 55L398,55A15 15 0 0 0 382 39A15 15 0 0 0 367 55L367,55A15 15 0 0 0 382 70Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="382" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text>
+<polygon points="600,55 589,59 589,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M398,55L594,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M600,55 L 608,55 Q 615,55 615,47 L 615,40"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M102,17 L 110,17 Q 117,17 117,32 L 117,32 Q 117,47 102,47 L 94,47 L 79,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M74,47 L 33,47 Q 18,47 18,32 L 18,32 Q 18,17 26,17 L 33,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M382,17L630,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+</svg>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/signed-number.html">signed-number:</a></b>
+<button id='x1475' onclick='hideorshow("x1475","x1476")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1476' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:292px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 292.013 99.576">
+<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,30 Q 24,44 34,44 L 45,44"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M66,59A15 15 0 0 0 81 44L81,44A15 15 0 0 0 66 29A15 15 0 0 0 50 44L50,44A15 15 0 0 0 66 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="66" y="44" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">+</text>
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+<path d="M81,44 L 88,44 Q 96,44 96,30 Q 96,17 106,17 L 116,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M137,32L244,32A15 15 0 0 0 259 17A15 15 0 0 0 244 2L137,2A15 15 0 0 0 122 17A15 15 0 0 0 137 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<circle cx="286" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,67 Q 24,82 34,82 L 45,82"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M66,97A15 15 0 0 0 81 82L81,82A15 15 0 0 0 66 67A15 15 0 0 0 50 82L50,82A15 15 0 0 0 66 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M9,17L60,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M66,17L111,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/join-clause.html">join-clause:</a></b>
+<button id='x1477' onclick='hideorshow("x1477","x1478")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1478' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:793px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 793.282 84.24">
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+<path d="M32,32L193,32L193,2L32,2Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M193,17 L 200,17 Q 208,17 208,32 L 208,32 Q 208,47 223,47 L 238,47 L 253,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M259,62L380,62L380,32L259,32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M403,62L564,62L564,32L403,32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M564,47L581,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M721,47 L 742,47 Q 757,47 757,32 L 757,32 Q 757,17 767,17 L 778,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M483,17L776,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<button id='x1479' onclick='hideorshow("x1479","x1480")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1480' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
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+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/join-operator.html">join-operator:</a></b>
+<button id='x1481' onclick='hideorshow("x1481","x1482")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1482' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:620px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 620.333 255.312">
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+<path d="M66,86L133,86A15 15 0 0 0 148 71A15 15 0 0 0 133 56L66,56A15 15 0 0 0 50 71A15 15 0 0 0 66 86Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M532,56L554,56A15 15 0 0 0 569 41A15 15 0 0 0 554 26L532,26A15 15 0 0 0 516 41A15 15 0 0 0 532 56Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M99,41L178,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M189,41L505,41"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M246,124L284,124A15 15 0 0 0 299 109A15 15 0 0 0 284 94L246,94A15 15 0 0 0 231 109A15 15 0 0 0 246 124Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M189,41 L 197,41 Q 204,41 204,56 L 204,132 Q 204,147 215,147 L 225,147"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M246,162L274,162A15 15 0 0 0 289 147A15 15 0 0 0 274 132L246,132A15 15 0 0 0 231 147A15 15 0 0 0 246 162Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M246,207L287,207A15 15 0 0 0 302 192A15 15 0 0 0 287 177L246,177A15 15 0 0 0 231 192A15 15 0 0 0 246 207Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M475,192 L 482,192 Q 490,192 490,185 L 490,177"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,223 Q 24,238 39,238 L 210,238 L 225,238"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M246,253L287,253A15 15 0 0 0 303 238A15 15 0 0 0 287 222L246,222A15 15 0 0 0 231 238A15 15 0 0 0 246 253Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M475,238 L 482,238 Q 490,238 490,223 L 490,71 L 490,56"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/ordering-term.html">ordering-term:</a></b>
+<button id='x1483' onclick='hideorshow("x1483","x1484")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1484' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:798px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 798.451 99.576">
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+<path d="M244,59L349,59A15 15 0 0 0 364 44L364,44A15 15 0 0 0 349 29L244,29A15 15 0 0 0 228 44L228,44A15 15 0 0 0 244 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<polygon points="447,82 436,86 436,77" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
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+<path d="M462,97L492,97A15 15 0 0 0 508 82A15 15 0 0 0 492 67L462,67A15 15 0 0 0 447 82A15 15 0 0 0 462 97Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M462,59L479,59A15 15 0 0 0 494 44L494,44A15 15 0 0 0 479 29L462,29A15 15 0 0 0 447 44L447,44A15 15 0 0 0 462 59Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M494,44 L 508,44 Q 523,44 523,36 L 523,29"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+<path d="M670,17L780,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/result-column.html">result-column:</a></b>
+<button id='x1485' onclick='hideorshow("x1485","x1486")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1486' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:398px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 398.054 163.08">
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+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/raise-function.html">raise-function:</a></b>
+<button id='x1509' onclick='hideorshow("x1509","x1510")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1510' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:627px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 627.302 147.96">
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+<path d="M300,92 L 307,92 Q 315,92 315,77 L 315,70 Q 315,55 322,55 L 330,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
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+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/type-name.html">type-name:</a></b>
+<button id='x1511' onclick='hideorshow("x1511","x1512")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1512' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:661px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 661.008 110.16">
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/foreign-key-clause.html">foreign-key-clause:</a></b>
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+<p><b><a href="syntax/indexed-column.html">indexed-column:</a></b>
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+<text x="293" y="47" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">COLLATE</text>
+<polygon points="358,47 346,51 346,43" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M341,47L352,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M373,62L478,62A15 15 0 0 0 493 47L493,47A15 15 0 0 0 478 32L373,32A15 15 0 0 0 358 47L358,47A15 15 0 0 0 373 62Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="426" y="47" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">collation-name</text>
+<polygon points="511,47 499,51 499,43" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M493,47L505,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="567,85 556,89 556,81" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M511,47 L 518,47 Q 526,47 526,32 L 526,32 Q 526,17 533,17 Q 541,17 541,32 L 541,70 Q 541,85 551,85 L 561,85"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M582,100L613,100A15 15 0 0 0 628 85L628,85A15 15 0 0 0 613 70L582,70A15 15 0 0 0 567 85L567,85A15 15 0 0 0 582 100Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="597" y="85" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">DESC</text>
+<polygon points="645,85 633,89 633,81" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M628,85L639,85"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="687,17 675,21 675,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M645,85 L 652,85 Q 660,85 660,70 L 660,32 Q 660,17 670,17 L 681,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<circle cx="690" cy="17" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="50,55 39,59 39,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,40 Q 24,55 34,55 L 45,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M50,70L100,70L100,39L50,39Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="75" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">expr</text>
+<polygon points="175,55 163,59 163,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M100,55L169,55"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M175,55 L 182,55 Q 190,55 190,40 L 190,32 Q 190,17 197,17 L 205,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="358,17 346,21 346,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M175,17L352,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="597,17 586,21 586,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M358,17L592,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M597,17L675,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M582,62L599,62A15 15 0 0 0 614 47A15 15 0 0 0 599 32L582,32A15 15 0 0 0 567 47A15 15 0 0 0 582 62Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="591" y="47" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ASC</text>
+<polygon points="645,47 633,51 633,43" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M614,47L639,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M645,47 L 652,47 Q 660,47 660,40 L 660,32"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="567,47 556,51 556,43" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M541,32 L 541,39 Q 541,47 551,47 L 561,47"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><b><a href="syntax/table-options.html">table-options:</a></b>
+<button id='x1519' onclick='hideorshow("x1519","x1520")'>show</button></p>
+ <div id='x1520' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'>
+ <div style="max-width:324px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 324.036 98.31">
+<circle cx="5" cy="36" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="77,17 66,21 66,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M9,36 L 40,36 Q 55,36 55,26 Q 55,17 63,17 L 72,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M93,32L161,32A15 15 0 0 0 177 17A15 15 0 0 0 161 2L93,2A15 15 0 0 0 77 17A15 15 0 0 0 93 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="127" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">WITHOUT</text>
+<polygon points="194,17 182,21 182,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M177,17L188,17"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M209,32L253,32A15 15 0 0 0 268 17A15 15 0 0 0 253 2L209,2A15 15 0 0 0 194 17A15 15 0 0 0 209 32Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="231" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROWID</text>
+<path d="M268,17 L 274,17 Q 280,17 280,26 Q 280,36 295,36 L 299,36 L 314,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<circle cx="318" cy="36" r="3.6"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="77,54 66,59 66,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M9,36 L 40,36 Q 55,36 55,45 Q 55,54 63,54 L 72,54"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M93,69L139,69A15 15 0 0 0 154 54A15 15 0 0 0 139 39L93,39A15 15 0 0 0 77 54A15 15 0 0 0 93 69Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="116" y="54" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">STRICT</text>
+<polygon points="314,36 303,40 303,31" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M154,54 L 253,54 Q 268,54 274,54 Q 280,54 280,45 Q 280,36 294,36 L 308,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<polygon points="194,81 205,76 205,85" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M285,36 L 293,36 Q 300,36 300,51 L 300,66 Q 300,81 285,81 L 215,81 L 200,81"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M179,96A15 15 0 0 0 194 81A15 15 0 0 0 179 65A15 15 0 0 0 164 81A15 15 0 0 0 179 96Z"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<text x="179" y="81" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text>
+<polygon points="77,81 89,76 89,85" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/>
+<path d="M164,81L83,81"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+<path d="M77,81 L 31,81 Q 16,81 16,66 L 16,51 Q 16,36 28,36 L 39,36"  style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" />
+</svg>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h1 id="the_create_table_command"><span>2. </span>The CREATE TABLE command</h1>
+
+<p>The "CREATE TABLE" command is used to create a new table in an SQLite 
+database. A CREATE TABLE command specifies the following attributes of the
+new table:
+
+</p><ul>
+  <li><p>The name of the new table.
+
+  </p></li><li><p> The database in which the new table is created. Tables may be 
+      created in the main database, the temp database, or in any attached
+      database.
+
+  </p></li><li><p> The name of each column in the table.
+
+  </p></li><li><p> The declared type of each column in the table.
+
+  </p></li><li><p> A default value or expression for each column in the table.
+
+  </p></li><li><p> A default collation sequence to use with each column.
+
+  </p></li><li><p> Optionally, a PRIMARY KEY for the table. Both single column and
+       composite (multiple column) primary keys are supported.
+
+  </p></li><li><p> A set of SQL constraints for each table. SQLite supports UNIQUE, NOT
+       NULL, CHECK and FOREIGN KEY constraints.
+
+  </p></li><li><p> Optionally, a <a href="gencol.html">generated column</a> constraint.
+
+  </p></li><li><p> Whether the table is a <a href="withoutrowid.html">WITHOUT ROWID</a> table.
+
+  </p></li><li><p> Whether the table is subject to <a href="stricttables.html">strict type checking</a>.
+</p></li></ul>
+
+<p>Every CREATE TABLE statement must specify a name for the new table.
+  Table names that begin with "sqlite_" are reserved for internal use. It
+  is an error to attempt to create a table with a name that starts with
+  "sqlite_".
+
+</p><p> If a <span class='yyterm'>schema-name</span> is specified, it must be either "main", 
+  "temp", or the name of an <a href="lang_attach.html">attached database</a>. In this case
+  the new table is created in the named database. If the "TEMP" or "TEMPORARY"
+  keyword occurs between the "CREATE" and "TABLE" then the new table is
+  created in the temp database. It is an error to specify both a 
+  <span class='yyterm'>schema-name</span> and the TEMP or TEMPORARY keyword, unless the
+  <span class='yyterm'>schema-name</span> is "temp". 
+  If no schema name is specified and the
+  TEMP keyword is not present then the table is created in the main
+  database.
+
+</p><p>
+  It is usually an error to attempt to create a new table in a database that
+  already contains a table, index or view of the same name. However, if the
+  "IF NOT EXISTS" clause is specified as part of the CREATE TABLE statement and
+  a table or view of the same name already exists, the CREATE TABLE command
+  simply has no effect (and no error message is returned). An error is still
+  returned if the table cannot be created because of an existing index, even 
+  if the "IF NOT EXISTS" clause is specified.
+
+</p><p>It is not an error to create a table that has the same name as an 
+  existing <a href="lang_createtrigger.html">trigger</a>.
+
+</p><p>Tables are removed using the <a href="lang_droptable.html">DROP TABLE</a> statement.  </p>
+
+<a name="createtabas"></a>
+
+<h2 id="create_table_as_select_statements"><span>2.1. </span>CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT Statements</h2>
+
+<p>A "CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT" statement creates and populates a database
+table based on the results of a SELECT statement. The table has the same
+number of columns as the rows returned by the SELECT statement. The name of
+each column is the same as the name of the corresponding column in the result
+set of the SELECT statement. The declared type of each column is determined
+by the <a href="datatype3.html#expraff">expression affinity</a> of the corresponding expression in the result set
+of the SELECT statement, as follows:
+</p>
+
+<center><table border="1">
+  <tr><th>Expression Affinity   </th><th>Column Declared Type
+  </th></tr><tr><td>TEXT                  </td><td>"TEXT"
+  </td></tr><tr><td>NUMERIC               </td><td>"NUM"
+  </td></tr><tr><td>INTEGER               </td><td>"INT"
+  </td></tr><tr><td>REAL                  </td><td>"REAL"
+  </td></tr><tr><td>BLOB (a.k.a "NONE")   </td><td>"" (empty string)
+</td></tr></table></center>
+
+<p>A table created using CREATE TABLE AS has no PRIMARY KEY and no
+constraints of any kind. The default value of each column is NULL. The default
+collation sequence for each column of the new table is BINARY.
+
+</p><p>Tables created using CREATE TABLE AS are initially populated with the
+rows of data returned by the SELECT statement. Rows are assigned contiguously
+ascending <a href="lang_createtable.html#rowid">rowid</a> values, starting with 1, in the <a href="lang_select.html#orderby">order</a> that they
+are returned by the SELECT statement.
+
+<a name="tablecoldef"></a>
+
+</p><h1 id="column_definitions"><span>3. </span>Column Definitions</h1>
+
+<p>Unless it is a CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT statement, a CREATE TABLE includes
+one or more <a href="syntax/column-def.html">column definitions</a>, optionally followed by a list of
+<a href="syntax/table-constraint.html">table constraints</a>.  Each column definition consists of the
+name of the column, optionally followed by the declared type of the column,
+then one or more optional <a href="syntax/column-constraint.html">column constraints</a>. Included in
+the definition of "column constraints" for the purposes of the previous
+statement are the COLLATE and DEFAULT clauses, even though these are not really
+constraints in the sense that they do not restrict the data that the table may
+contain. The other constraints - NOT NULL, CHECK, UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY and
+FOREIGN KEY constraints - impose restrictions on the table data.
+
+</p><p>The number of columns in a table is limited by the <a href="limits.html#max_column">SQLITE_MAX_COLUMN</a>
+compile-time parameter. A single row of a table cannot store more than
+<a href="limits.html#max_length">SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH</a> bytes of data. Both of these limits can be lowered at
+runtime using the <a href="c3ref/limit.html">sqlite3_limit()</a> C/C++ interface.</p>
+
+<h2 id="column_data_types"><span>3.1. </span>Column Data Types</h2>
+
+<p>Unlike most SQL databases, SQLite does not restrict the type of data that
+may be inserted into a column based on the columns declared type. Instead,
+SQLite uses <a href="datatype3.html">dynamic typing</a>. The declared type of a column is used to
+determine the <a href="datatype3.html#affinity">affinity</a> of the column only.
+
+<a name="dfltval"></a>
+
+</p><h2 id="the_default_clause"><span>3.2. </span>The DEFAULT clause</h2>
+<p>The DEFAULT clause specifies a default value to use for the column if no
+value is explicitly provided by the user when doing an <a href="lang_insert.html">INSERT</a>. If there
+is no explicit DEFAULT clause attached to a column definition, then the 
+default value of the column is NULL. An explicit DEFAULT clause may specify
+that the default value is NULL, a string constant, a blob constant, a
+signed-number, or any constant expression enclosed in parentheses. A
+default value may also be one of the special case-independent keywords
+CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_DATE or CURRENT_TIMESTAMP. For the purposes of the
+DEFAULT clause, an expression is considered constant if it
+contains no sub-queries, column or table references, <a href="lang_expr.html#varparam">bound parameters</a>,
+or string literals enclosed in double-quotes instead of single-quotes.
+
+</p><p>Each time a row is inserted into the table by an INSERT statement that 
+does not provide explicit values for all table columns the values stored in
+the new row are determined by their default values, as follows:
+
+</p><ul>
+  <li><p>If the default value of the column is a constant NULL, text, blob or
+    signed-number value, then that value is used directly in the new row.
+
+  </p></li><li><p>If the default value of a column is an expression in parentheses, then
+    the expression is evaluated once for each row inserted and the results
+    used in the new row.
+
+  </p></li><li><p>If the default value of a column is CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_DATE or
+    CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, then the value used in the new row is a text
+    representation of the current UTC date and/or time. For CURRENT_TIME, the
+    format of the value is "HH:MM:SS". For CURRENT_DATE, "YYYY-MM-DD". The
+    format for CURRENT_TIMESTAMP is "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS".
+</p></li></ul>
+
+<a name="collateclause"></a>
+
+<h2 id="the_collate_clause"><span>3.3. </span>The COLLATE clause</h2>
+<p>The COLLATE clause specifies the name of a <a href="datatype3.html#collation">collating sequence</a> to use as
+the default collation sequence for the column. If no COLLATE clause is
+specified, the default collation sequence is <a href="datatype3.html#collation">BINARY</a>.
+
+</p><h2 id="the_generated_always_as_clause"><span>3.4. </span>The GENERATED ALWAYS AS clause</h2>
+<p>A column that includes a GENERATED ALWAY AS clause is a <a href="gencol.html">generated column</a>.
+Generated columns are supported beginning with SQLite version 3.31.0 (2020-01-22).
+See the <a href="gencol.html">separate documentation</a> for details on the capabilities and
+limitations of generated columns.
+
+<a name="primkeyconst"></a>
+
+</p><h2 id="the_primary_key"><span>3.5. </span>The PRIMARY KEY</h2>
+<p>Each table in SQLite may have at most one PRIMARY KEY. If the
+  keywords PRIMARY KEY are added to a column definition, then the primary key
+  for the table consists of that single column. Or, if a PRIMARY KEY clause 
+  is specified as a <a href="syntax/table-constraint.html">table-constraint</a>, then the primary key of the table
+  consists of the list of columns specified as part of the PRIMARY KEY clause.
+  The PRIMARY KEY clause must contain only column names &mdash; the use of 
+  expressions in an <a href="syntax/indexed-column.html">indexed-column</a> of a PRIMARY KEY is not supported.
+  An error is raised if more than one PRIMARY KEY clause appears in a
+  CREATE TABLE statement.  The PRIMARY KEY is optional for ordinary tables
+  but is required for <a href="withoutrowid.html">WITHOUT ROWID</a> tables.
+
+</p><p>If a table has a single column primary key and the declared type of that
+  column is "INTEGER" and the table is not a <a href="withoutrowid.html">WITHOUT ROWID</a> table,
+  then the column is known as an <a href="lang_createtable.html#rowid">INTEGER PRIMARY KEY</a>.
+  See <a href="lang_createtable.html#rowid">below</a> for a description of the special properties and behaviors
+  associated with an <a href="lang_createtable.html#rowid">INTEGER PRIMARY KEY</a>.
+
+</p><p>Each row in a table with a primary key must have a unique combination
+  of values in its primary key columns. For the purposes of determining
+  the uniqueness of primary key values, NULL values are considered distinct from
+  all other values, including other NULLs. If an <a href="lang_insert.html">INSERT</a> or <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a>
+  statement attempts to modify the table content so that two or more rows
+  have identical primary key values, that is a constraint violation.
+
+</p><p> According to the SQL standard, PRIMARY KEY should always imply NOT NULL.
+  Unfortunately, due to a bug in some early versions, this is not the
+  case in SQLite. Unless the column is an <a href="lang_createtable.html#rowid">INTEGER PRIMARY KEY</a> or
+  the table is a <a href="withoutrowid.html">WITHOUT ROWID</a> table or a <a href="stricttables.html">STRICT</a> table 
+  or the column is declared NOT NULL,
+  SQLite allows NULL values in a PRIMARY KEY column.  SQLite could be fixed to
+  conform to the standard, but doing so might break legacy applications.
+  Hence, it has been decided to merely document the fact that SQLite
+  allows NULLs in most PRIMARY KEY columns.
+
+<a name="uniqueconst"></a>
+
+</p><h2 id="unique_constraints"><span>3.6. </span>UNIQUE constraints</h2>
+<p>A UNIQUE constraint is similar to a PRIMARY KEY constraint, except
+  that a single table may have any number of UNIQUE constraints. For each
+  UNIQUE constraint on the table, each row must contain a unique combination
+  of values in the columns identified by the UNIQUE constraint. 
+  For the purposes of UNIQUE constraints, NULL values
+  are considered distinct from all other values, including other NULLs.
+  As with PRIMARY KEYs, a UNIQUE <a href="syntax/table-constraint.html">table-constraint</a> clause must contain
+  only column names &mdash; the use of 
+  expressions in an <a href="syntax/indexed-column.html">indexed-column</a> of a UNIQUE <a href="syntax/table-constraint.html">table-constraint</a>
+  is not supported.
+  
+
+</p><p>In most cases, UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY
+  constraints are implemented by creating a unique index in the database.
+  (The exceptions are <a href="lang_createtable.html#rowid">INTEGER PRIMARY KEY</a> and PRIMARY KEYs on 
+  <a href="withoutrowid.html">WITHOUT ROWID</a> tables.)
+  Hence, the following schemas are logically equivalent:
+
+  </p><ol>
+  <li><p>CREATE TABLE t1(a, b UNIQUE);
+  </p></li><li><p>CREATE TABLE t1(a, b PRIMARY KEY);
+  </p></li><li><p>CREATE TABLE t1(a, b);<br>
+         CREATE UNIQUE INDEX t1b ON t1(b);
+  </p></li></ol>
+
+<a name="ckconst"></a>
+
+<h2 id="check_constraints"><span>3.7. </span>CHECK constraints</h2>
+<p>A CHECK constraint may be attached to a column definition or
+  specified as a table constraint. In practice it makes no difference. Each
+  time a new row is inserted into the table or an existing row is updated,
+  the expression associated with each CHECK constraint is evaluated and
+  cast to a NUMERIC value in the same way as a <a href="lang_expr.html#castexpr">CAST expression</a>. If the 
+  result is zero (integer value 0 or real value 0.0), then a constraint
+  violation has occurred. If the CHECK expression evaluates to NULL, or
+  any other non-zero value, it is not a constraint violation.
+  The expression of a CHECK constraint may not contain a subquery.
+
+</p><p>CHECK constraints are only verified when the table is written, not when
+   it is read.  Furthermore, verification of CHECK constraints can be
+   temporarily disabled using the "<a href="pragma.html#pragma_ignore_check_constraints">PRAGMA ignore_check_constraints=ON;</a>"
+   statement.  Hence, it is possible that a query might produce results that
+   violate the CHECK constraints.
+
+<a name="notnullconst"></a>
+
+</p><h2 id="not_null_constraints"><span>3.8. </span>NOT NULL constraints</h2>
+<p>A NOT NULL constraint may only be attached to a column definition,
+  not specified as a table constraint.  Not surprisingly, a NOT NULL
+  constraint dictates that the associated column may not contain a NULL value.
+  Attempting to set the column value to NULL when inserting a new row or
+  updating an existing one causes a constraint violation.  NOT NULL
+  constraints are not verified during queries, so a query of a column might
+  produce a NULL value even though the column is marked as NOT NULL, if the
+  database file is corrupt.
+
+
+</p><h1 id="constraint_enforcement"><span>4. </span>Constraint enforcement</h1>
+
+<p>Constraints are checked during <a href="lang_insert.html">INSERT</a> and <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a> and by
+<a href="pragma.html#pragma_integrity_check">PRAGMA integrity_check</a> and <a href="pragma.html#pragma_quick_check">PRAGMA quick_check</a> and sometimes
+by <a href="lang_altertable.html">ALTER TABLE</a>.  Queries and <a href="lang_delete.html">DELETE</a>
+statements do not normally verify constraints.
+Hence, if a database file has been corrupted (perhaps by an external
+program making direct changes to the database file without going through 
+the SQLite library) a query might return data that violates a constraint.
+For example:
+
+</p><div class="codeblock"><pre>CREATE TABLE t1(x INT CHECK( x>3 ));
+/* Insert a row with X less than 3 by directly writing into the
+** database file using an external program */
+PRAGMA integrity_check;  -- Reports row with x less than 3 as corrupt
+INSERT INTO t1(x) VALUES(2);  -- Fails with SQLITE_CORRUPT
+SELECT x FROM t1;  -- Returns an integer less than 3 in spite of the CHECK constraint
+</pre></div>
+
+<p>Enforcement of CHECK constraints can be temporarily disabled using
+the <a href="pragma.html#pragma_ignore_check_constraints">PRAGMA ignore_check_constraints=ON;</a> statement.
+
+</p><h2 id="response_to_constraint_violations"><span>4.1. </span>Response to constraint violations</h2>
+
+<p>The response to a constraint violation is determined by the
+  <a href="lang_conflict.html">constraint conflict resolution algorithm</a>. Each 
+  PRIMARY KEY, UNIQUE, NOT NULL and CHECK constraint has a default conflict
+  resolution algorithm. PRIMARY KEY, UNIQUE and NOT NULL constraints may be
+  explicitly assigned a default conflict resolution algorithm by including
+  a <a href="syntax/conflict-clause.html">conflict-clause</a> in their definitions. Or, if a constraint definition
+  does not include a <a href="syntax/conflict-clause.html">conflict-clause</a> or it is a CHECK constraint, the default
+  conflict resolution algorithm is ABORT. Different constraints within the
+  same table may have different default conflict resolution algorithms. See
+  the section titled <a href="lang_conflict.html">ON CONFLICT</a> for additional information.
+
+<a name="rowid"></a>
+
+</p><h1 id="rowids_and_the_integer_primary_key"><span>5. </span>ROWIDs and the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY</h1>
+
+<p>Except for <a href="withoutrowid.html">WITHOUT ROWID</a> tables, all rows within SQLite tables
+have a 64-bit signed integer key that uniquely identifies the row within its table.
+This integer is usually
+called the "rowid". The rowid value can be accessed using one of the special
+case-independent names "rowid", "oid", or "_rowid_" in place of a column name.
+If a table contains a user defined column named "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_",
+then that name always refers the explicitly declared column and cannot be used
+to retrieve the integer rowid value.
+
+</p><p>The rowid (and "oid" and "_rowid_") is omitted in <a href="withoutrowid.html">WITHOUT ROWID</a> tables.
+WITHOUT ROWID tables are only available in SQLite <a href="releaselog/3_8_2.html">version 3.8.2</a>
+(2013-12-06) and later.
+A table that lacks the WITHOUT ROWID clause is called a "rowid table".
+
+</p><p>The data for rowid tables is stored as a B-Tree structure containing
+one entry for each table row, using the rowid value as the key. This means that
+retrieving or sorting records by rowid is fast. Searching for a record with a
+specific rowid, or for all records with rowids within a specified range is
+around twice as fast as a similar search made by specifying any other PRIMARY
+KEY or indexed value.
+
+</p><p> With one exception noted below, if a rowid table has a primary key that consists
+of a single column and the declared type of that column is "INTEGER" in any mixture of
+upper and lower case, then the column becomes an alias for the rowid. Such a
+column is usually referred to as an "integer primary key". A PRIMARY KEY column
+only becomes an integer primary key if the declared type name is exactly
+"INTEGER".  Other integer type names like "INT" or "BIGINT" or "SHORT INTEGER"
+or "UNSIGNED INTEGER" causes the primary key column to behave as an ordinary
+table column with integer <a href="datatype3.html#affinity">affinity</a> and a unique index, not as an alias for
+the rowid.
+
+</p><p> The exception mentioned above is that if the declaration of a column with
+declared type "INTEGER" includes an "PRIMARY KEY DESC" clause, it does not
+become an alias for the rowid and is not classified as an integer primary key.
+This quirk is not by design. It is due to a bug in early versions of SQLite.
+But fixing the bug could result in backwards incompatibilities.
+Hence, the original behavior has been retained (and documented) because odd
+behavior in a corner case is far better than a compatibility break.  This means
+that the following three table declarations all cause the column "x" to be an
+alias for the rowid (an integer primary key):
+
+</p><ul>
+<li><tt>CREATE TABLE t(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY ASC, y, z);</tt>
+</li><li><tt>CREATE TABLE t(x INTEGER, y, z, PRIMARY KEY(x ASC));</tt>
+</li><li><tt>CREATE TABLE t(x INTEGER, y, z, PRIMARY KEY(x DESC));</tt>
+</li></ul>
+
+<p>But the following declaration does not result in "x" being an alias for
+the rowid:
+</p><ul>
+<li><tt>CREATE TABLE t(x INTEGER PRIMARY KEY DESC, y, z);</tt>
+</li></ul>
+
+<p>Rowid values may be modified using an UPDATE statement in the same
+way as any other column value can, either using one of the built-in aliases
+("rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_") or by using an alias created by an integer
+primary key. Similarly, an INSERT statement may provide a value to use as the
+rowid for each row inserted. Unlike normal SQLite columns, an integer primary
+key or rowid column must contain integer values. Integer primary key or rowid
+columns are not able to hold floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULLs.
+
+</p><p>If an UPDATE statement attempts to set an integer primary key or rowid column
+to a NULL or blob value, or to a string or real value that cannot be losslessly
+converted to an integer, a "datatype mismatch" error occurs and the statement
+is aborted. If an INSERT statement attempts to insert a blob value, or a string
+or real value that cannot be losslessly converted to an integer into an
+integer primary key or rowid column, a "datatype mismatch" error occurs and the
+statement is aborted.
+
+</p><p>If an INSERT statement attempts to insert a NULL value into a rowid or
+integer primary key column, the system chooses an integer value to use as the
+rowid automatically. A detailed description of how this is done is provided
+<a href="autoinc.html">separately</a>.</p>
+
+<p>The <a href="foreignkeys.html#parentchild">parent key</a> of a <a href="foreignkeys.html">foreign key constraint</a> is not allowed to
+use the rowid.  The parent key must used named columns only.</p>
+<p align="center"><small><i>This page last modified on  <a href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/honeypot" id="mtimelink"  data-href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/finfo/pages/lang_createtable.in?m=6b48097a40243196e">2022-12-14 11:53:20</a> UTC </small></i></p>
+
author	Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>	2024-05-05 17:28:19 +0000
committer	Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>	2024-05-05 17:28:19 +0000
commit	18657a960e125336f704ea058e25c27bd3900dcb (patch)
tree	17b438b680ed45a996d7b59951e6aa34023783f2 /www/lang_createtable.html
parent	Initial commit. (diff)
download	sqlite3-18657a960e125336f704ea058e25c27bd3900dcb.tar.xz sqlite3-18657a960e125336f704ea058e25c27bd3900dcb.zip