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Diffstat (limited to 'src/mem5.c')
-rw-r--r-- | src/mem5.c | 585 |
1 files changed, 585 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/mem5.c b/src/mem5.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..02f4c27 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/mem5.c @@ -0,0 +1,585 @@ +/* +** 2007 October 14 +** +** The author disclaims copyright to this source code. In place of +** a legal notice, here is a blessing: +** +** May you do good and not evil. +** May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others. +** May you share freely, never taking more than you give. +** +************************************************************************* +** This file contains the C functions that implement a memory +** allocation subsystem for use by SQLite. +** +** This version of the memory allocation subsystem omits all +** use of malloc(). The application gives SQLite a block of memory +** before calling sqlite3_initialize() from which allocations +** are made and returned by the xMalloc() and xRealloc() +** implementations. Once sqlite3_initialize() has been called, +** the amount of memory available to SQLite is fixed and cannot +** be changed. +** +** This version of the memory allocation subsystem is included +** in the build only if SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5 is defined. +** +** This memory allocator uses the following algorithm: +** +** 1. All memory allocation sizes are rounded up to a power of 2. +** +** 2. If two adjacent free blocks are the halves of a larger block, +** then the two blocks are coalesced into the single larger block. +** +** 3. New memory is allocated from the first available free block. +** +** This algorithm is described in: J. M. Robson. "Bounds for Some Functions +** Concerning Dynamic Storage Allocation". Journal of the Association for +** Computing Machinery, Volume 21, Number 8, July 1974, pages 491-499. +** +** Let n be the size of the largest allocation divided by the minimum +** allocation size (after rounding all sizes up to a power of 2.) Let M +** be the maximum amount of memory ever outstanding at one time. Let +** N be the total amount of memory available for allocation. Robson +** proved that this memory allocator will never breakdown due to +** fragmentation as long as the following constraint holds: +** +** N >= M*(1 + log2(n)/2) - n + 1 +** +** The sqlite3_status() logic tracks the maximum values of n and M so +** that an application can, at any time, verify this constraint. +*/ +#include "sqliteInt.h" + +/* +** This version of the memory allocator is used only when +** SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5 is defined. +*/ +#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5 + +/* +** A minimum allocation is an instance of the following structure. +** Larger allocations are an array of these structures where the +** size of the array is a power of 2. +** +** The size of this object must be a power of two. That fact is +** verified in memsys5Init(). +*/ +typedef struct Mem5Link Mem5Link; +struct Mem5Link { + int next; /* Index of next free chunk */ + int prev; /* Index of previous free chunk */ +}; + +/* +** Maximum size of any allocation is ((1<<LOGMAX)*mem5.szAtom). Since +** mem5.szAtom is always at least 8 and 32-bit integers are used, +** it is not actually possible to reach this limit. +*/ +#define LOGMAX 30 + +/* +** Masks used for mem5.aCtrl[] elements. +*/ +#define CTRL_LOGSIZE 0x1f /* Log2 Size of this block */ +#define CTRL_FREE 0x20 /* True if not checked out */ + +/* +** All of the static variables used by this module are collected +** into a single structure named "mem5". This is to keep the +** static variables organized and to reduce namespace pollution +** when this module is combined with other in the amalgamation. +*/ +static SQLITE_WSD struct Mem5Global { + /* + ** Memory available for allocation + */ + int szAtom; /* Smallest possible allocation in bytes */ + int nBlock; /* Number of szAtom sized blocks in zPool */ + u8 *zPool; /* Memory available to be allocated */ + + /* + ** Mutex to control access to the memory allocation subsystem. + */ + sqlite3_mutex *mutex; + +#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST) + /* + ** Performance statistics + */ + u64 nAlloc; /* Total number of calls to malloc */ + u64 totalAlloc; /* Total of all malloc calls - includes internal frag */ + u64 totalExcess; /* Total internal fragmentation */ + u32 currentOut; /* Current checkout, including internal fragmentation */ + u32 currentCount; /* Current number of distinct checkouts */ + u32 maxOut; /* Maximum instantaneous currentOut */ + u32 maxCount; /* Maximum instantaneous currentCount */ + u32 maxRequest; /* Largest allocation (exclusive of internal frag) */ +#endif + + /* + ** Lists of free blocks. aiFreelist[0] is a list of free blocks of + ** size mem5.szAtom. aiFreelist[1] holds blocks of size szAtom*2. + ** aiFreelist[2] holds free blocks of size szAtom*4. And so forth. + */ + int aiFreelist[LOGMAX+1]; + + /* + ** Space for tracking which blocks are checked out and the size + ** of each block. One byte per block. + */ + u8 *aCtrl; + +} mem5; + +/* +** Access the static variable through a macro for SQLITE_OMIT_WSD. +*/ +#define mem5 GLOBAL(struct Mem5Global, mem5) + +/* +** Assuming mem5.zPool is divided up into an array of Mem5Link +** structures, return a pointer to the idx-th such link. +*/ +#define MEM5LINK(idx) ((Mem5Link *)(&mem5.zPool[(idx)*mem5.szAtom])) + +/* +** Unlink the chunk at mem5.aPool[i] from list it is currently +** on. It should be found on mem5.aiFreelist[iLogsize]. +*/ +static void memsys5Unlink(int i, int iLogsize){ + int next, prev; + assert( i>=0 && i<mem5.nBlock ); + assert( iLogsize>=0 && iLogsize<=LOGMAX ); + assert( (mem5.aCtrl[i] & CTRL_LOGSIZE)==iLogsize ); + + next = MEM5LINK(i)->next; + prev = MEM5LINK(i)->prev; + if( prev<0 ){ + mem5.aiFreelist[iLogsize] = next; + }else{ + MEM5LINK(prev)->next = next; + } + if( next>=0 ){ + MEM5LINK(next)->prev = prev; + } +} + +/* +** Link the chunk at mem5.aPool[i] so that is on the iLogsize +** free list. +*/ +static void memsys5Link(int i, int iLogsize){ + int x; + assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(mem5.mutex) ); + assert( i>=0 && i<mem5.nBlock ); + assert( iLogsize>=0 && iLogsize<=LOGMAX ); + assert( (mem5.aCtrl[i] & CTRL_LOGSIZE)==iLogsize ); + + x = MEM5LINK(i)->next = mem5.aiFreelist[iLogsize]; + MEM5LINK(i)->prev = -1; + if( x>=0 ){ + assert( x<mem5.nBlock ); + MEM5LINK(x)->prev = i; + } + mem5.aiFreelist[iLogsize] = i; +} + +/* +** Obtain or release the mutex needed to access global data structures. +*/ +static void memsys5Enter(void){ + sqlite3_mutex_enter(mem5.mutex); +} +static void memsys5Leave(void){ + sqlite3_mutex_leave(mem5.mutex); +} + +/* +** Return the size of an outstanding allocation, in bytes. +** This only works for chunks that are currently checked out. +*/ +static int memsys5Size(void *p){ + int iSize, i; + assert( p!=0 ); + i = (int)(((u8 *)p-mem5.zPool)/mem5.szAtom); + assert( i>=0 && i<mem5.nBlock ); + iSize = mem5.szAtom * (1 << (mem5.aCtrl[i]&CTRL_LOGSIZE)); + return iSize; +} + +/* +** Return a block of memory of at least nBytes in size. +** Return NULL if unable. Return NULL if nBytes==0. +** +** The caller guarantees that nByte is positive. +** +** The caller has obtained a mutex prior to invoking this +** routine so there is never any chance that two or more +** threads can be in this routine at the same time. +*/ +static void *memsys5MallocUnsafe(int nByte){ + int i; /* Index of a mem5.aPool[] slot */ + int iBin; /* Index into mem5.aiFreelist[] */ + int iFullSz; /* Size of allocation rounded up to power of 2 */ + int iLogsize; /* Log2 of iFullSz/POW2_MIN */ + + /* nByte must be a positive */ + assert( nByte>0 ); + + /* No more than 1GiB per allocation */ + if( nByte > 0x40000000 ) return 0; + +#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST) + /* Keep track of the maximum allocation request. Even unfulfilled + ** requests are counted */ + if( (u32)nByte>mem5.maxRequest ){ + mem5.maxRequest = nByte; + } +#endif + + + /* Round nByte up to the next valid power of two */ + for(iFullSz=mem5.szAtom,iLogsize=0; iFullSz<nByte; iFullSz*=2,iLogsize++){} + + /* Make sure mem5.aiFreelist[iLogsize] contains at least one free + ** block. If not, then split a block of the next larger power of + ** two in order to create a new free block of size iLogsize. + */ + for(iBin=iLogsize; iBin<=LOGMAX && mem5.aiFreelist[iBin]<0; iBin++){} + if( iBin>LOGMAX ){ + testcase( sqlite3GlobalConfig.xLog!=0 ); + sqlite3_log(SQLITE_NOMEM, "failed to allocate %u bytes", nByte); + return 0; + } + i = mem5.aiFreelist[iBin]; + memsys5Unlink(i, iBin); + while( iBin>iLogsize ){ + int newSize; + + iBin--; + newSize = 1 << iBin; + mem5.aCtrl[i+newSize] = CTRL_FREE | iBin; + memsys5Link(i+newSize, iBin); + } + mem5.aCtrl[i] = iLogsize; + +#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST) + /* Update allocator performance statistics. */ + mem5.nAlloc++; + mem5.totalAlloc += iFullSz; + mem5.totalExcess += iFullSz - nByte; + mem5.currentCount++; + mem5.currentOut += iFullSz; + if( mem5.maxCount<mem5.currentCount ) mem5.maxCount = mem5.currentCount; + if( mem5.maxOut<mem5.currentOut ) mem5.maxOut = mem5.currentOut; +#endif + +#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG + /* Make sure the allocated memory does not assume that it is set to zero + ** or retains a value from a previous allocation */ + memset(&mem5.zPool[i*mem5.szAtom], 0xAA, iFullSz); +#endif + + /* Return a pointer to the allocated memory. */ + return (void*)&mem5.zPool[i*mem5.szAtom]; +} + +/* +** Free an outstanding memory allocation. +*/ +static void memsys5FreeUnsafe(void *pOld){ + u32 size, iLogsize; + int iBlock; + + /* Set iBlock to the index of the block pointed to by pOld in + ** the array of mem5.szAtom byte blocks pointed to by mem5.zPool. + */ + iBlock = (int)(((u8 *)pOld-mem5.zPool)/mem5.szAtom); + + /* Check that the pointer pOld points to a valid, non-free block. */ + assert( iBlock>=0 && iBlock<mem5.nBlock ); + assert( ((u8 *)pOld-mem5.zPool)%mem5.szAtom==0 ); + assert( (mem5.aCtrl[iBlock] & CTRL_FREE)==0 ); + + iLogsize = mem5.aCtrl[iBlock] & CTRL_LOGSIZE; + size = 1<<iLogsize; + assert( iBlock+size-1<(u32)mem5.nBlock ); + + mem5.aCtrl[iBlock] |= CTRL_FREE; + mem5.aCtrl[iBlock+size-1] |= CTRL_FREE; + +#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_TEST) + assert( mem5.currentCount>0 ); + assert( mem5.currentOut>=(size*mem5.szAtom) ); + mem5.currentCount--; + mem5.currentOut -= size*mem5.szAtom; + assert( mem5.currentOut>0 || mem5.currentCount==0 ); + assert( mem5.currentCount>0 || mem5.currentOut==0 ); +#endif + + mem5.aCtrl[iBlock] = CTRL_FREE | iLogsize; + while( ALWAYS(iLogsize<LOGMAX) ){ + int iBuddy; + if( (iBlock>>iLogsize) & 1 ){ + iBuddy = iBlock - size; + assert( iBuddy>=0 ); + }else{ + iBuddy = iBlock + size; + if( iBuddy>=mem5.nBlock ) break; + } + if( mem5.aCtrl[iBuddy]!=(CTRL_FREE | iLogsize) ) break; + memsys5Unlink(iBuddy, iLogsize); + iLogsize++; + if( iBuddy<iBlock ){ + mem5.aCtrl[iBuddy] = CTRL_FREE | iLogsize; + mem5.aCtrl[iBlock] = 0; + iBlock = iBuddy; + }else{ + mem5.aCtrl[iBlock] = CTRL_FREE | iLogsize; + mem5.aCtrl[iBuddy] = 0; + } + size *= 2; + } + +#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG + /* Overwrite freed memory with the 0x55 bit pattern to verify that it is + ** not used after being freed */ + memset(&mem5.zPool[iBlock*mem5.szAtom], 0x55, size); +#endif + + memsys5Link(iBlock, iLogsize); +} + +/* +** Allocate nBytes of memory. +*/ +static void *memsys5Malloc(int nBytes){ + sqlite3_int64 *p = 0; + if( nBytes>0 ){ + memsys5Enter(); + p = memsys5MallocUnsafe(nBytes); + memsys5Leave(); + } + return (void*)p; +} + +/* +** Free memory. +** +** The outer layer memory allocator prevents this routine from +** being called with pPrior==0. +*/ +static void memsys5Free(void *pPrior){ + assert( pPrior!=0 ); + memsys5Enter(); + memsys5FreeUnsafe(pPrior); + memsys5Leave(); +} + +/* +** Change the size of an existing memory allocation. +** +** The outer layer memory allocator prevents this routine from +** being called with pPrior==0. +** +** nBytes is always a value obtained from a prior call to +** memsys5Round(). Hence nBytes is always a non-negative power +** of two. If nBytes==0 that means that an oversize allocation +** (an allocation larger than 0x40000000) was requested and this +** routine should return 0 without freeing pPrior. +*/ +static void *memsys5Realloc(void *pPrior, int nBytes){ + int nOld; + void *p; + assert( pPrior!=0 ); + assert( (nBytes&(nBytes-1))==0 ); /* EV: R-46199-30249 */ + assert( nBytes>=0 ); + if( nBytes==0 ){ + return 0; + } + nOld = memsys5Size(pPrior); + if( nBytes<=nOld ){ + return pPrior; + } + p = memsys5Malloc(nBytes); + if( p ){ + memcpy(p, pPrior, nOld); + memsys5Free(pPrior); + } + return p; +} + +/* +** Round up a request size to the next valid allocation size. If +** the allocation is too large to be handled by this allocation system, +** return 0. +** +** All allocations must be a power of two and must be expressed by a +** 32-bit signed integer. Hence the largest allocation is 0x40000000 +** or 1073741824 bytes. +*/ +static int memsys5Roundup(int n){ + int iFullSz; + if( n<=mem5.szAtom*2 ){ + if( n<=mem5.szAtom ) return mem5.szAtom; + return mem5.szAtom*2; + } + if( n>0x10000000 ){ + if( n>0x40000000 ) return 0; + if( n>0x20000000 ) return 0x40000000; + return 0x20000000; + } + for(iFullSz=mem5.szAtom*8; iFullSz<n; iFullSz *= 4); + if( (iFullSz/2)>=(i64)n ) return iFullSz/2; + return iFullSz; +} + +/* +** Return the ceiling of the logarithm base 2 of iValue. +** +** Examples: memsys5Log(1) -> 0 +** memsys5Log(2) -> 1 +** memsys5Log(4) -> 2 +** memsys5Log(5) -> 3 +** memsys5Log(8) -> 3 +** memsys5Log(9) -> 4 +*/ +static int memsys5Log(int iValue){ + int iLog; + for(iLog=0; (iLog<(int)((sizeof(int)*8)-1)) && (1<<iLog)<iValue; iLog++); + return iLog; +} + +/* +** Initialize the memory allocator. +** +** This routine is not threadsafe. The caller must be holding a mutex +** to prevent multiple threads from entering at the same time. +*/ +static int memsys5Init(void *NotUsed){ + int ii; /* Loop counter */ + int nByte; /* Number of bytes of memory available to this allocator */ + u8 *zByte; /* Memory usable by this allocator */ + int nMinLog; /* Log base 2 of minimum allocation size in bytes */ + int iOffset; /* An offset into mem5.aCtrl[] */ + + UNUSED_PARAMETER(NotUsed); + + /* For the purposes of this routine, disable the mutex */ + mem5.mutex = 0; + + /* The size of a Mem5Link object must be a power of two. Verify that + ** this is case. + */ + assert( (sizeof(Mem5Link)&(sizeof(Mem5Link)-1))==0 ); + + nByte = sqlite3GlobalConfig.nHeap; + zByte = (u8*)sqlite3GlobalConfig.pHeap; + assert( zByte!=0 ); /* sqlite3_config() does not allow otherwise */ + + /* boundaries on sqlite3GlobalConfig.mnReq are enforced in sqlite3_config() */ + nMinLog = memsys5Log(sqlite3GlobalConfig.mnReq); + mem5.szAtom = (1<<nMinLog); + while( (int)sizeof(Mem5Link)>mem5.szAtom ){ + mem5.szAtom = mem5.szAtom << 1; + } + + mem5.nBlock = (nByte / (mem5.szAtom+sizeof(u8))); + mem5.zPool = zByte; + mem5.aCtrl = (u8 *)&mem5.zPool[mem5.nBlock*mem5.szAtom]; + + for(ii=0; ii<=LOGMAX; ii++){ + mem5.aiFreelist[ii] = -1; + } + + iOffset = 0; + for(ii=LOGMAX; ii>=0; ii--){ + int nAlloc = (1<<ii); + if( (iOffset+nAlloc)<=mem5.nBlock ){ + mem5.aCtrl[iOffset] = ii | CTRL_FREE; + memsys5Link(iOffset, ii); + iOffset += nAlloc; + } + assert((iOffset+nAlloc)>mem5.nBlock); + } + + /* If a mutex is required for normal operation, allocate one */ + if( sqlite3GlobalConfig.bMemstat==0 ){ + mem5.mutex = sqlite3MutexAlloc(SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM); + } + + return SQLITE_OK; +} + +/* +** Deinitialize this module. +*/ +static void memsys5Shutdown(void *NotUsed){ + UNUSED_PARAMETER(NotUsed); + mem5.mutex = 0; + return; +} + +#ifdef SQLITE_TEST +/* +** Open the file indicated and write a log of all unfreed memory +** allocations into that log. +*/ +void sqlite3Memsys5Dump(const char *zFilename){ + FILE *out; + int i, j, n; + int nMinLog; + + if( zFilename==0 || zFilename[0]==0 ){ + out = stdout; + }else{ + out = fopen(zFilename, "w"); + if( out==0 ){ + fprintf(stderr, "** Unable to output memory debug output log: %s **\n", + zFilename); + return; + } + } + memsys5Enter(); + nMinLog = memsys5Log(mem5.szAtom); + for(i=0; i<=LOGMAX && i+nMinLog<32; i++){ + for(n=0, j=mem5.aiFreelist[i]; j>=0; j = MEM5LINK(j)->next, n++){} + fprintf(out, "freelist items of size %d: %d\n", mem5.szAtom << i, n); + } + fprintf(out, "mem5.nAlloc = %llu\n", mem5.nAlloc); + fprintf(out, "mem5.totalAlloc = %llu\n", mem5.totalAlloc); + fprintf(out, "mem5.totalExcess = %llu\n", mem5.totalExcess); + fprintf(out, "mem5.currentOut = %u\n", mem5.currentOut); + fprintf(out, "mem5.currentCount = %u\n", mem5.currentCount); + fprintf(out, "mem5.maxOut = %u\n", mem5.maxOut); + fprintf(out, "mem5.maxCount = %u\n", mem5.maxCount); + fprintf(out, "mem5.maxRequest = %u\n", mem5.maxRequest); + memsys5Leave(); + if( out==stdout ){ + fflush(stdout); + }else{ + fclose(out); + } +} +#endif + +/* +** This routine is the only routine in this file with external +** linkage. It returns a pointer to a static sqlite3_mem_methods +** struct populated with the memsys5 methods. +*/ +const sqlite3_mem_methods *sqlite3MemGetMemsys5(void){ + static const sqlite3_mem_methods memsys5Methods = { + memsys5Malloc, + memsys5Free, + memsys5Realloc, + memsys5Size, + memsys5Roundup, + memsys5Init, + memsys5Shutdown, + 0 + }; + return &memsys5Methods; +} + +#endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5 */ |