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diff --git a/www/errlog.html b/www/errlog.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..df9598b --- /dev/null +++ b/www/errlog.html @@ -0,0 +1,312 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html><head> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> +<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> +<link href="sqlite.css" rel="stylesheet"> +<title>The Error And Warning Log</title> +<!-- path= --> +</head> +<body> +<div class=nosearch> +<a href="index.html"> +<img class="logo" src="images/sqlite370_banner.gif" alt="SQLite" border="0"> +</a> +<div><!-- IE hack to prevent disappearing logo --></div> +<div class="tagline desktoponly"> +Small. Fast. 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Setting Up The Error Logging Callback</a></div> +<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#interface_details">2. Interface Details</a></div> +<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#variety_of_error_messages">3. Variety of Error Messages</a></div> +<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#summary">4. Summary</a></div> +</div> +</div> +<script> +function toggle_toc(){ +var sub = document.getElementById("toc_sub") +var mk = document.getElementById("toc_mk") +if( sub.style.display!="block" ){ +sub.style.display = "block"; +mk.innerHTML = "▼"; +} else { +sub.style.display = "none"; +mk.innerHTML = "►"; +} +} +</script> +</div> + + + + +<h2 style="margin-left:1.0em" notoc="1" id="overview"> Overview</h2> + +<p>SQLite can be configured to invoke a callback function containing +an error code and a terse error message whenever anomalies occur. +This mechanism is very helpful in tracking obscure problems that +occur rarely and in the field. Application developers are encouraged +to take advantage of the error logging facility of SQLite in their +products, as it is very low CPU and memory cost but can be a +huge aid for debugging.</p> + +<h1 id="setting_up_the_error_logging_callback"><span>1. </span>Setting Up The Error Logging Callback</h1> + +<p>There can only be a single error logging callback per process. +The error logging callback is registered at start-time using C-code +similar to the following: + +</p><blockquote><pre> +<a href="c3ref/config.html">sqlite3_config</a>(<a href="c3ref/c_config_covering_index_scan.html#sqliteconfiglog">SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</a>, errorLogCallback, pData); +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>The error logger callback function might look something like this:</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +void errorLogCallback(void *pArg, int iErrCode, const char *zMsg){ + fprintf(stderr, "(%d) %s\n", iErrCode, zMsg); +} +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>The example above illustrates the signature of the error logger callback. +However, in an embedded application, one usually does not print +messages on stderr. Instead, one might store the messages in a +preallocated circular buffer where they can be accessed when diagnostic +information is needed during debugging. Or perhaps the messages can be +sent to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syslog">Syslog</a>. Somehow, the +messages need to be stored where they are accessible to developers, +not displayed to end users.</p> + +<p>Do not misunderstand: There is nothing technically wrong with displaying +the error logger messages to end users. The messages do not contain +sensitive or private information that must be protected from unauthorized +viewing. Rather the messages are technical in nature and are not useful +or meaningful to the typical end user. The messages coming from the +error logger are intended for database geeks. Display them accordingly.</p> + +<h1 id="interface_details"><span>2. </span>Interface Details</h1> + +<p>The third argument to the <a href="c3ref/config.html">sqlite3_config</a>(<a href="c3ref/c_config_covering_index_scan.html#sqliteconfiglog">SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</a>,...) +interface (the "pData" argument in the example above) is a pointer to arbitrary +data. SQLite passes this pointer through to the first argument of the +error logger callback. The pointer can be used to pass application-specific +setup or state information, if desired. Or it can simply be a NULL +pointer which is ignored by the callback.</p> + +<p>The second argument to the error logger callback is an integer +<a href="rescode.html#extrc">extended error code</a>. The third argument to the error logger is the +text of the error message. The error message text is stored in a fixed-length +stack buffer in the calling function and so will only be valid for the +duration of the error logger callback function. The error logger should +make a copy of this message into persistent storage if retention of the +message is needed.</p> + +<p>The error logger callback should be treated like a signal handler. +The application should save off or otherwise process the error, then return +as soon as possible. No other SQLite APIs should be invoked, directly or +indirectly, from the error logger. SQLite is <u>not</u> reentrant through +the error logger callback. In particular, the error logger callback +is invoked when a memory allocation fails, so it is generally a bad idea +to try to allocate memory inside the error logger. Do not even think +about trying to store the error message in another SQLite database.</p> + +<p>Applications can use the <a href="c3ref/log.html">sqlite3_log(E,F,..)</a> API to send new messages +to the log, if desired, but this is discouraged. The <a href="c3ref/log.html">sqlite3_log()</a> +interface is intended for use by extensions only, not by applications.</p> + +<h1 id="variety_of_error_messages"><span>3. </span>Variety of Error Messages</h1> + +<p>The error messages that might be sent to the error logger and their +exact format is subject to changes from one release to the next. So +applications should not depend on any particular error message text formats or +error codes. Things do not change capriciously, but they do sometimes +changes.</p> + +<p>The following is a partial list of the kinds of messages that might +appear in the error logger callback.</p> + +<ul> +<li><p> +Any time there is an error either compiling an SQL statement +(using <a href="c3ref/prepare.html">sqlite3_prepare_v2()</a> or its siblings) or running an SQL +statement (using <a href="c3ref/step.html">sqlite3_step()</a>) that error is logged. +</p> + +</li><li><p> +When a schema change occurs that requires a prepared statement to be reparsed +and reprepared, that event is logged with the error code SQLITE_SCHEMA. +The reparse and reprepare is normally automatic (assuming that +<a href="c3ref/prepare.html">sqlite3_prepare_v2()</a> has been used to prepare the statements originally, +which is recommended) and so these logging events are normally the only +way to know that reprepares are taking place.</p> + +</li><li><p> +SQLITE_NOTICE messages are logged whenever a database has to be recovered +because the previous writer crashed without completing its transaction. +The error code is SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK when recovering a +<a href="lockingv3.html#rollback">rollback journal</a> and SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL when recovering a +<a href="wal.html">write-ahead log</a>. +</p> + +</li><li><p> +SQLITE_WARNING messages are logged when database files are renamed or +aliased in ways that can lead to database corruption. +(See <a href="howtocorrupt.html#unlink">1</a> and <a href="howtocorrupt.html#alias">2</a> for +additional information.) +</p> + +</li><li><p> +Out of memory (OOM) error conditions generate error logging events +with the SQLITE_NOMEM error code and a message that says how many bytes +of memory were requested by the failed allocation. +</p> + +</li><li><p>I/O errors in the OS-interface generate error logging events. +The message to these events gives the line number in the source code where +the error originated and the filename associated with the event when +there is a corresponding file. </p> + +</li><li><p>When database corruption is detected, an SQLITE_CORRUPT error +logger callback is invoked. As with I/O errors, the error message text +contains the line number in the original source code where the error +was first detected.</p> + +</li><li><p> +An error logger callback is invoked on SQLITE_MISUSE errors. +This is useful in detecting application design issues when return codes +are not consistently checked in the application code. +</p></li></ul> + +<p>SQLite strives to keep error logger traffic low and only send messages +to the error logger when there really is something wrong. Applications +might further cull the error message traffic +by deliberately ignoring certain classes of error +messages that they do not care about. For example, an application that +makes frequent database schema changes might want to ignore all +SQLITE_SCHEMA errors.</p> + +<h1 id="summary"><span>4. </span>Summary</h1> + +<p>The use of the error logger callback is highly recommended. +The debugging information that the error logger provides has proven +very useful in tracking down obscure problems that occur with applications +after they get into the field. The error logger callback has also +proven useful in catching occasional errors that the application +misses because of inconsistent checking of API return codes. +Developers are encouraged to implement an error logger callback early +in the development cycle in order to spot unexpected behavior quickly, +and to leave the error logger callback turned on through deployment. +If the error logger never finds a problem, then no harm is done. +But failure to set up an appropriate error logger might compromise +diagnostic capabilities later on.</p> +<p align="center"><small><i>This page last modified on <a href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/honeypot" id="mtimelink" data-href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/finfo/pages/errlog.in?m=20f20663c0c242e97">2022-01-20 21:38:08</a> UTC </small></i></p> + |