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diff --git a/www/lang_createtrigger.html b/www/lang_createtrigger.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eb2974a --- /dev/null +++ b/www/lang_createtrigger.html @@ -0,0 +1,4354 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html><head> +<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> +<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> +<link href="sqlite.css" rel="stylesheet"> +<title>CREATE TRIGGER</title> +<!-- path= --> +</head> +<body> +<div class=nosearch> +<a href="index.html"> +<img class="logo" src="images/sqlite370_banner.gif" alt="SQLite" border="0"> +</a> +<div><!-- IE hack to prevent disappearing logo --></div> +<div class="tagline desktoponly"> +Small. Fast. Reliable.<br>Choose any three. +</div> +<div class="menu mainmenu"> +<ul> +<li><a href="index.html">Home</a> +<li class='mobileonly'><a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick='toggle_div("submenu")'>Menu</a> +<li class='wideonly'><a href='about.html'>About</a> +<li class='desktoponly'><a href="docs.html">Documentation</a> +<li class='desktoponly'><a href="download.html">Download</a> +<li class='wideonly'><a href='copyright.html'>License</a> +<li class='desktoponly'><a href="support.html">Support</a> +<li class='desktoponly'><a href="prosupport.html">Purchase</a> +<li class='search' id='search_menubutton'> +<a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick='toggle_search()'>Search</a> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="menu submenu" id="submenu"> +<ul> +<li><a href='about.html'>About</a> +<li><a href='docs.html'>Documentation</a> +<li><a href='download.html'>Download</a> +<li><a href='support.html'>Support</a> +<li><a href='prosupport.html'>Purchase</a> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="searchmenu" id="searchmenu"> +<form method="GET" action="search"> +<select name="s" id="searchtype"> +<option value="d">Search Documentation</option> +<option value="c">Search Changelog</option> +</select> +<input type="text" name="q" id="searchbox" value=""> +<input type="submit" value="Go"> +</form> +</div> +</div> +<script> +function toggle_div(nm) { +var w = document.getElementById(nm); +if( w.style.display=="block" ){ +w.style.display = "none"; +}else{ +w.style.display = "block"; +} +} +function toggle_search() { +var w = document.getElementById("searchmenu"); +if( w.style.display=="block" ){ +w.style.display = "none"; +} else { +w.style.display = "block"; +setTimeout(function(){ +document.getElementById("searchbox").focus() +}, 30); +} +} +function div_off(nm){document.getElementById(nm).style.display="none";} +window.onbeforeunload = function(e){div_off("submenu");} +/* Disable the Search feature if we are not operating from CGI, since */ +/* Search is accomplished using CGI and will not work without it. */ +if( !location.origin || !location.origin.match || !location.origin.match(/http/) ){ +document.getElementById("search_menubutton").style.display = "none"; +} +/* Used by the Hide/Show button beside syntax diagrams, to toggle the */ +function hideorshow(btn,obj){ +var x = document.getElementById(obj); +var b = document.getElementById(btn); +if( x.style.display!='none' ){ +x.style.display = 'none'; +b.innerHTML='show'; +}else{ +x.style.display = ''; +b.innerHTML='hide'; +} +return false; +} +var antiRobot = 0; +function antiRobotGo(){ +if( antiRobot!=3 ) return; +antiRobot = 7; +var j = document.getElementById("mtimelink"); +if(j && j.hasAttribute("data-href")) j.href=j.getAttribute("data-href"); +} +function antiRobotDefense(){ +document.body.onmousedown=function(){ +antiRobot |= 2; +antiRobotGo(); +document.body.onmousedown=null; +} +document.body.onmousemove=function(){ +antiRobot |= 2; +antiRobotGo(); +document.body.onmousemove=null; +} +setTimeout(function(){ +antiRobot |= 1; +antiRobotGo(); +}, 100) +antiRobotGo(); +} +antiRobotDefense(); +</script> +<div class=fancy> +<div class=nosearch> +<div class="fancy_title"> +CREATE TRIGGER +</div> +<div class="fancy_toc"> +<a onclick="toggle_toc()"> +<span class="fancy_toc_mark" id="toc_mk">►</span> +Table Of Contents +</a> +<div id="toc_sub"><div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#syntax">1. Syntax</a></div> +<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#description">2. Description</a></div> +<div class="fancy-toc2"><a href="#syntax_restrictions_on_update_delete_and_insert_statements_within_triggers">2.1. Syntax Restrictions On UPDATE, DELETE, and INSERT Statements Within +Triggers</a></div> +<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#instead_of_triggers">3. INSTEAD OF triggers</a></div> +<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#some_example_triggers">4. Some Example Triggers</a></div> +<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#cautions_on_the_use_of_before_triggers">5. Cautions On The Use Of BEFORE triggers</a></div> +<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#the_raise_function">6. The RAISE() function</a></div> +<div class="fancy-toc1"><a href="#temp_triggers_on_non_temp_tables">7. TEMP Triggers on Non-TEMP Tables</a></div> +</div> +</div> +<script> +function toggle_toc(){ +var sub = document.getElementById("toc_sub") +var mk = document.getElementById("toc_mk") +if( sub.style.display!="block" ){ +sub.style.display = "block"; +mk.innerHTML = "▼"; +} else { +sub.style.display = "none"; +mk.innerHTML = "►"; +} +} +</script> +</div> + + + + +<h1 id="syntax"><span>1. </span>Syntax</h1> + +<p><b><a href="syntax/create-trigger-stmt.html">create-trigger-stmt:</a></b> +<button id='x1521' onclick='hideorshow("x1521","x1522")'>hide</button></p> + <div id='x1522' class='imgcontainer'> + <div style="max-width:678px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 678.058 746.712"> +<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M9,17L26,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M47,32L100,32A15 15 0 0 0 116 17A15 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d="M587,62L721,62L721,32L587,32Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="654" y="47" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">join-constraint</text> +<polygon points="783,17 772,21 772,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M721,47 L 742,47 Q 757,47 757,32 L 757,32 Q 757,17 767,17 L 778,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<circle cx="787" cy="17" r="3.6" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="483,17 472,21 472,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M193,17L478,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M483,17L776,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="483,77 495,73 495,82" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M721,47 L 728,47 Q 736,47 736,62 L 736,62 Q 736,77 721,77 L 504,77 L 489,77" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M483,77 L 247,77 Q 232,77 232,62 L 232,62 Q 232,47 246,47 L 259,47" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +</svg> +</div> +<p><b><a href="syntax/join-constraint.html">join-constraint:</a></b> +<button id='x1569' onclick='hideorshow("x1569","x1570")'>show</button></p> + <div id='x1570' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'> + <div style="max-width:483px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 483.336 126.576"> +<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="50,55 39,59 39,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,40 Q 24,55 34,55 L 45,55" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M66,70L104,70A15 15 0 0 0 120 55L120,55A15 15 0 0 0 104 39L66,39A15 15 0 0 0 50 55L50,55A15 15 0 0 0 66 70Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="85" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">USING</text> +<polygon 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/> +<path d="M587,62L721,62L721,32L587,32Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="654" y="47" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">join-constraint</text> +<polygon points="783,17 772,21 772,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M721,47 L 742,47 Q 757,47 757,32 L 757,32 Q 757,17 767,17 L 778,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<circle cx="787" cy="17" r="3.6" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="483,17 472,21 472,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M193,17L478,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M483,17L776,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="483,77 495,73 495,82" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M721,47 L 728,47 Q 736,47 736,62 L 736,62 Q 736,77 721,77 L 504,77 L 489,77" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M483,77 L 247,77 Q 232,77 232,62 L 232,62 Q 232,47 246,47 L 259,47" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +</svg> +</div> +<p><b><a href="syntax/join-constraint.html">join-constraint:</a></b> +<button id='x1591' onclick='hideorshow("x1591","x1592")'>show</button></p> + <div id='x1592' style='display:none;' class='imgcontainer'> + <div style="max-width:483px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 483.336 126.576"> +<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="50,55 39,59 39,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M9,17 L 16,17 Q 24,17 24,32 L 24,40 Q 24,55 34,55 L 45,55" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M66,70L104,70A15 15 0 0 0 120 55L120,55A15 15 0 0 0 104 39L66,39A15 15 0 0 0 50 55L50,55A15 15 0 0 0 66 70Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="85" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">USING</text> +<polygon 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font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text> +<polygon points="660,364 648,369 648,360" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M380,364L654,364" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="711,36 699,41 699,32" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M660,364 L 667,364 Q 675,364 675,349 L 675,51 Q 675,36 690,36 L 690,36 L 705,36" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<circle cx="715" cy="36" r="3.6" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M215,417A15 15 0 0 0 230 402A15 15 0 0 0 215 387A15 15 0 0 0 200 402A15 15 0 0 0 215 417Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="215" y="402" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text> +<polygon points="230,402 242,398 242,406" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M296,364 L 303,364 Q 311,364 311,379 L 311,387 Q 311,402 296,402 L 251,402 L 236,402" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M200,402 L 123,402 Q 108,402 108,387 L 108,379 Q 108,364 116,364 L 123,364" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="122,440 111,444 111,436" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M81,364 L 88,364 Q 96,364 96,379 L 96,425 Q 96,440 106,440 L 116,440" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M122,455L224,455L224,425L122,425Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="173" y="440" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">join-clause</text> +<path d="M224,440 L 308,440 Q 323,440 323,425 L 323,379 Q 323,364 331,364 L 338,364" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +</svg> +</div> +</div> +</div> +</div> + + +<h1 id="description"><span>2. </span>Description</h1> +<p>The CREATE TRIGGER statement is used to add triggers to the +database schema. Triggers are database operations +that are automatically performed when a specified database event +occurs. </p> + +<p>Each trigger must specify that it will fire for one of +the following operations: <a href="lang_delete.html">DELETE</a>, <a href="lang_insert.html">INSERT</a>, <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a>. +The trigger fires once for each row that is deleted, inserted, +or updated. If the "UPDATE OF <span class='yyterm'>column-name</span>" +syntax is used, then the trigger will only fire if +<span class='yyterm'>column-name</span> appears on the left-hand side of +one of the terms in the SET clause of the <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a> statement.</p> + +<p>Due to an historical oversight, columns named in the "UPDATE OF" +clause do not actually have to exist in the table being updated. +Unrecognized column names are silently ignored. +It would be more helpful if SQLite would fail the CREATE TRIGGER +statement if any of the names in the "UPDATE OF" clause are not +columns in the table. However, as this problem was discovered +many years after SQLite was widely deployed, we have resisted +fixing the problem for fear of breaking legacy applications.</p> + +<p>At this time SQLite supports only FOR EACH ROW triggers, not FOR EACH +STATEMENT triggers. Hence explicitly specifying FOR EACH ROW is optional. +FOR EACH ROW implies that the SQL statements specified in the trigger +may be executed (depending on the WHEN clause) for each database row being +inserted, updated or deleted by the statement causing the trigger to fire.</p> + +<p>Both the WHEN clause and the trigger actions may access elements of +the row being inserted, deleted or updated using references of the form +"NEW.<i>column-name</i>" and "OLD.<i>column-name</i>", where +<i>column-name</i> is the name of a column from the table that the trigger +is associated with. OLD and NEW references may only be used in triggers on +events for which they are relevant, as follows:</p> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="10"> +<tr> +<td valign="top" align="right" width="120"><i>INSERT</i></td> +<td valign="top">NEW references are valid</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td valign="top" align="right" width="120"><i>UPDATE</i></td> +<td valign="top">NEW and OLD references are valid</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td valign="top" align="right" width="120"><i>DELETE</i></td> +<td valign="top">OLD references are valid</td> +</tr> +</table> + + +<p>If a WHEN clause is supplied, the SQL statements specified +are only executed if the WHEN clause is true. +If no WHEN clause is supplied, the SQL statements +are executed every time the trigger fires.</p> + +<p>The BEFORE or AFTER keyword determines when the trigger actions +will be executed relative to the insertion, modification or removal of the +associated row. BEFORE is the default when neither keyword is present.</p> + +<p>An <a href="lang_conflict.html">ON CONFLICT</a> clause may be specified as part of an <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a> or <a href="lang_insert.html">INSERT</a> +action within the body of the trigger. +However if an <a href="lang_conflict.html">ON CONFLICT</a> clause is specified as part of +the statement causing the trigger to fire, then conflict handling +policy of the outer statement is used instead.</p> + +<p>Triggers are automatically <a href="lang_droptrigger.html">dropped</a> +when the table that they are +associated with (the <i>table-name</i> table) is +<a href="lang_droptable.html">dropped</a>. However if the trigger actions reference +other tables, the trigger is not dropped or modified if those other +tables are <a href="lang_droptable.html">dropped</a> or <a href="lang_altertable.html">modified</a>.</p> + +<p>Triggers are removed using the <a href="lang_droptrigger.html">DROP TRIGGER</a> statement.</p> + +<h2 id="syntax_restrictions_on_update_delete_and_insert_statements_within_triggers"><span>2.1. </span>Syntax Restrictions On UPDATE, DELETE, and INSERT Statements Within + Triggers</h2> + +<p>The <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a>, <a href="lang_delete.html">DELETE</a>, and <a href="lang_insert.html">INSERT</a> +statements within triggers do not support +the full syntax for <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a>, <a href="lang_delete.html">DELETE</a>, and <a href="lang_insert.html">INSERT</a> statements. The following +restrictions apply:</p> + +<ul> +<li><p> + The name of the table to be modified in an <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a>, <a href="lang_delete.html">DELETE</a>, or <a href="lang_insert.html">INSERT</a> + statement must be an unqualified table name. In other words, one must + use just "<i>tablename</i>" not "<i>database</i><b>.</b><i>tablename</i>" + when specifying the table. </p></li> + +<li><p> + For non-TEMP triggers, + the table to be modified or queried must exist in the + same database as the table or view to which the trigger is attached. + TEMP triggers are not subject to the same-database rule. A TEMP + trigger is allowed to query or modify any table in any <a href="lang_attach.html">ATTACH</a>-ed database. + </p></li> + +<li><p> + The "INSERT INTO <i>table</i> DEFAULT VALUES" form of the <a href="lang_insert.html">INSERT</a> statement + is not supported. + </p></li> + +<li><p> + The INDEXED BY and NOT INDEXED clauses are not supported for <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a> and + <a href="lang_delete.html">DELETE</a> statements. + </p></li> + +<li><p> + The ORDER BY and LIMIT clauses on <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a> and <a href="lang_delete.html">DELETE</a> statements are not + supported. ORDER BY and LIMIT are not normally supported for <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a> or + <a href="lang_delete.html">DELETE</a> in any context but can be enabled for top-level statements + using the <a href="compile.html#enable_update_delete_limit">SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT</a> compile-time option. However, + that compile-time option only applies to top-level <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a> and <a href="lang_delete.html">DELETE</a> + statements, not <a href="lang_update.html">UPDATE</a> and <a href="lang_delete.html">DELETE</a> statements within triggers. + </p></li> + +<li><p> + <a href="syntax/common-table-expression.html">Common table expression</a> are not supported for + statements inside of triggers. + </p></li> +</ul> + +<a name="instead_of_trigger"></a> + +<h1 id="instead_of_triggers"><span>3. </span>INSTEAD OF triggers</h1> + +<p>BEFORE and AFTER triggers work only on ordinary tables. +INSTEAD OF triggers work only on views. + +</p><p>If an INSTEAD OF INSERT trigger exists on a view, then it is +possible to execute an INSERT statement against that view. No actual +insert occurs. Instead, the statements contained within the trigger +are run. INSTEAD OF DELETE and +INSTEAD OF UPDATE triggers work the same way for DELETE and UPDATE statements +against views.</p> + +<p>Note that the <a href="c3ref/changes.html">sqlite3_changes()</a> and <a href="c3ref/total_changes.html">sqlite3_total_changes()</a> interfaces +do not count INSTEAD OF trigger firings, but the +<a href="pragma.html#pragma_count_changes">count_changes pragma</a> does count INSTEAD OF trigger firing.</p> + +<h1 id="some_example_triggers"><span>4. </span>Some Example Triggers</h1> + +<p>Assuming that customer records are stored in the "customers" table, and +that order records are stored in the "orders" table, the following +UPDATE trigger +ensures that all associated orders are redirected when a customer changes +his or her address:</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +CREATE TRIGGER update_customer_address UPDATE OF address ON customers + BEGIN + UPDATE orders SET address = new.address WHERE customer_name = old.name; + END; +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>With this trigger installed, executing the statement:</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +UPDATE customers SET address = '1 Main St.' WHERE name = 'Jack Jones'; +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>causes the following to be automatically executed:</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +UPDATE orders SET address = '1 Main St.' WHERE customer_name = 'Jack Jones'; +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>For an example of an INSTEAD OF trigger, consider the following schema: + +<blockquote><pre> +CREATE TABLE customer( + cust_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, + cust_name TEXT, + cust_addr TEXT +); +CREATE VIEW customer_address AS + SELECT cust_id, cust_addr FROM customer; +CREATE TRIGGER cust_addr_chng +INSTEAD OF UPDATE OF cust_addr ON customer_address +BEGIN + UPDATE customer SET cust_addr=NEW.cust_addr + WHERE cust_id=NEW.cust_id; +END; +</pre></blockquote> + +</p><p>With the schema above, a statement of the form:</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +UPDATE customer_address SET cust_addr=$new_address WHERE cust_id=$cust_id; +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>Causes the customer.cust_addr field to be updated for a specific +customer entry that has customer.cust_id equal to the $cust_id parameter. +Note how the values assigned to the view are made available as field +in the special "NEW" table within the trigger body.</p> + +<a name="undef_before"></a> + +<h1 id="cautions_on_the_use_of_before_triggers"><span>5. </span>Cautions On The Use Of BEFORE triggers</h1> + +<p>If a BEFORE UPDATE or BEFORE DELETE trigger modifies or deletes a row +that was to have been updated or deleted, then the result of the subsequent +update or delete operation is undefined. Furthermore, if a BEFORE trigger +modifies or deletes a row, then it is undefined whether or not AFTER triggers +that would have otherwise run on those rows will in fact run. +</p> + +<p>The value of NEW.rowid is undefined in a BEFORE INSERT trigger in which +the rowid is not explicitly set to an integer.</p> + +<p>Because of the behaviors described above, programmers are encouraged to +prefer AFTER triggers over BEFORE triggers.</p> + +<a name="raise"></a> + +<h1 id="the_raise_function"><span>6. </span>The RAISE() function</h1> + +<p>A special SQL function RAISE() may be used within a trigger-program, +with the following syntax</p> + +<p><b><a href="syntax/raise-function.html">raise-function:</a></b></p><div class='imgcontainer'> + <div style="max-width:627px"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' class="pikchr" viewBox="0 0 627.302 147.96"> +<circle cx="5" cy="17" r="3.6" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="32,17 20,21 20,12" 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+<path d="M207,70L285,70A15 15 0 0 0 300 55L300,55A15 15 0 0 0 285 39L207,39A15 15 0 0 0 192 55L192,55A15 15 0 0 0 207 70Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="246" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ROLLBACK</text> +<polygon points="336,55 324,59 324,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M300,55L330,55" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M351,70A15 15 0 0 0 366 55L366,55A15 15 0 0 0 351 39A15 15 0 0 0 336 55L336,55A15 15 0 0 0 351 70Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="351" y="55" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">,</text> +<polygon points="389,55 378,59 378,50" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M366,55L383,55" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M404,70L508,70A15 15 0 0 0 523 55L523,55A15 15 0 0 0 508 39L404,39A15 15 0 0 0 389 55L389,55A15 15 0 0 0 404 70Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="456" y="55" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">error-message</text> +<polygon points="564,17 553,21 553,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M523,55 L 530,55 Q 538,55 538,40 L 538,32 Q 538,17 548,17 L 558,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M579,32A15 15 0 0 0 594 17A15 15 0 0 0 579 2A15 15 0 0 0 564 17A15 15 0 0 0 579 32Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="579" y="17" text-anchor="middle" font-weight="bold" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">)</text> +<polygon points="617,17 606,21 606,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M594,17L612,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<circle cx="621" cy="17" r="3.6" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="192,17 180,21 180,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M150,17L186,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M207,32L259,32A15 15 0 0 0 274 17A15 15 0 0 0 259 2L207,2A15 15 0 0 0 192 17A15 15 0 0 0 207 32Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="233" y="17" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">IGNORE</text> +<polygon points="456,17 444,21 444,12" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M274,17L450,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M456,17L553,17" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M207,108L249,108A15 15 0 0 0 264 92A15 15 0 0 0 249 77L207,77A15 15 0 0 0 192 92A15 15 0 0 0 207 108Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="228" y="92" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">ABORT</text> +<polygon points="300,92 288,97 288,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M264,92L294,92" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M300,92 L 307,92 Q 315,92 315,77 L 315,70 Q 315,55 322,55 L 330,55" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M207,145L229,145A15 15 0 0 0 244 130A15 15 0 0 0 229 115L207,115A15 15 0 0 0 192 130A15 15 0 0 0 207 145Z" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<text x="218" y="130" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" dominant-baseline="central">FAIL</text> +<polygon points="300,130 288,135 288,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M244,130L294,130" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<path d="M300,130 L 307,130 Q 315,130 315,115 L 315,92 L 315,77" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="192,130 180,135 180,126" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M165,39 L 165,115 Q 165,130 176,130 L 186,130" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +<polygon points="192,92 180,97 180,88" style="fill:rgb(0,0,0)"/> +<path d="M165,77 L 165,85 Q 165,92 176,92 L 186,92" style="fill:none;stroke-width:2.16;stroke:rgb(0,0,0);" /> +</svg> +</div> + </div> + + +<p>When one of RAISE(ROLLBACK,...), RAISE(ABORT,...) or RAISE(FAIL,...) +is called during trigger-program +execution, the specified <a href="lang_conflict.html">ON CONFLICT</a> processing is performed and +the current query terminates. +An error code of <a href="rescode.html#constraint">SQLITE_CONSTRAINT</a> is returned to the application, +along with the specified error message.</p> + +<p>When RAISE(IGNORE) is called, the remainder of the current trigger program, +the statement that caused the trigger program to execute and any subsequent +trigger programs that would have been executed are abandoned. No database +changes are rolled back. If the statement that caused the trigger program +to execute is itself part of a trigger program, then that trigger program +resumes execution at the beginning of the next step. +</p> + +<a name="temptrig"></a> + +<h1 id="temp_triggers_on_non_temp_tables"><span>7. </span>TEMP Triggers on Non-TEMP Tables</h1> + +<p>A trigger normally exists in the same database as the table named +after the "ON" keyword in the CREATE TRIGGER statement. Except, it is +possible to create a TEMP TRIGGER on a table in another database. +Such a trigger will only fire when changes +are made to the target table by the application that defined the trigger. +Other applications that modify the database will not be able to see the +TEMP trigger and hence cannot run the trigger.</p> + +<p>When defining a TEMP trigger on a non-TEMP table, it is important to +specify the database holding the non-TEMP table. For example, +in the following statement, it is important to say "main.tab1" instead +of just "tab1":</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +CREATE TEMP TRIGGER ex1 AFTER INSERT ON <b>main.</b>tab1 BEGIN ... +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>Failure to specify the schema name on the target table could result +in the TEMP trigger being reattached to a table with the same name in +another database whenever any schema change occurs.</p> +<p align="center"><small><i>This page last modified on <a href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/honeypot" id="mtimelink" data-href="https://sqlite.org/docsrc/finfo/pages/lang_createtrigger.in?m=62382caed8a6d9933">2022-09-27 13:16:55</a> UTC </small></i></p> + |