Adding upstream version 2.38.1.upstream/2.38.1upstream

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 1313 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/lib/strutils.c b/lib/strutils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..104eb38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/strutils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1313 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 Davidlohr Bueso <dave@gnu.org>
+ *
+ * No copyright is claimed.  This code is in the public domain; do with
+ * it what you wish.
+ */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#include "c.h"
+#include "nls.h"
+#include "strutils.h"
+#include "bitops.h"
+#include "pathnames.h"
+
+static int STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE = EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+void strutils_set_exitcode(int ex) {
+	STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE = ex;
+}
+
+static int do_scale_by_power (uintmax_t *x, int base, int power)
+{
+	while (power--) {
+		if (UINTMAX_MAX / base < *x)
+			return -ERANGE;
+		*x *= base;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * strtosize() - convert string to size (uintmax_t).
+ *
+ * Supported suffixes:
+ *
+ * XiB or X for 2^N
+ *     where X = {K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y}
+ *        or X = {k,m,g,t,p,e}  (undocumented for backward compatibility only)
+ * for example:
+ *		10KiB	= 10240
+ *		10K	= 10240
+ *
+ * XB for 10^N
+ *     where X = {K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y}
+ * for example:
+ *		10KB	= 10000
+ *
+ * The optional 'power' variable returns number associated with used suffix
+ * {K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y}  = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}.
+ *
+ * The function also supports decimal point, for example:
+ *              0.5MB   = 500000
+ *              0.5MiB  = 512000
+ *
+ * Note that the function does not accept numbers with '-' (negative sign)
+ * prefix.
+ */
+int parse_size(const char *str, uintmax_t *res, int *power)
+{
+	const char *p;
+	char *end;
+	uintmax_t x, frac = 0;
+	int base = 1024, rc = 0, pwr = 0, frac_zeros = 0;
+
+	static const char *suf  = "KMGTPEZY";
+	static const char *suf2 = "kmgtpezy";
+	const char *sp;
+
+	*res = 0;
+
+	if (!str || !*str) {
+		rc = -EINVAL;
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	/* Only positive numbers are acceptable
+	 *
+	 * Note that this check is not perfect, it would be better to
+	 * use lconv->negative_sign. But coreutils use the same solution,
+	 * so it's probably good enough...
+	 */
+	p = str;
+	while (isspace((unsigned char) *p))
+		p++;
+	if (*p == '-') {
+		rc = -EINVAL;
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	errno = 0, end = NULL;
+	x = strtoumax(str, &end, 0);
+
+	if (end == str ||
+	    (errno != 0 && (x == UINTMAX_MAX || x == 0))) {
+		rc = errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
+		goto err;
+	}
+	if (!end || !*end)
+		goto done;			/* without suffix */
+	p = end;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check size suffixes
+	 */
+check_suffix:
+	if (*(p + 1) == 'i' && (*(p + 2) == 'B' || *(p + 2) == 'b') && !*(p + 3))
+		base = 1024;			/* XiB, 2^N */
+	else if ((*(p + 1) == 'B' || *(p + 1) == 'b') && !*(p + 2))
+		base = 1000;			/* XB, 10^N */
+	else if (*(p + 1)) {
+		struct lconv const *l = localeconv();
+		const char *dp = l ? l->decimal_point : NULL;
+		size_t dpsz = dp ? strlen(dp) : 0;
+
+		if (frac == 0 && *p && dp && strncmp(dp, p, dpsz) == 0) {
+			const char *fstr = p + dpsz;
+
+			for (p = fstr; *p == '0'; p++)
+				frac_zeros++;
+			fstr = p;
+			if (isdigit(*fstr)) {
+				errno = 0, end = NULL;
+				frac = strtoumax(fstr, &end, 0);
+				if (end == fstr ||
+				    (errno != 0 && (frac == UINTMAX_MAX || frac == 0))) {
+					rc = errno ? -errno : -EINVAL;
+					goto err;
+				}
+			} else
+				end = (char *) p;
+
+			if (frac && (!end  || !*end)) {
+				rc = -EINVAL;
+				goto err;		/* without suffix, but with frac */
+			}
+			p = end;
+			goto check_suffix;
+		}
+		rc = -EINVAL;
+		goto err;			/* unexpected suffix */
+	}
+
+	sp = strchr(suf, *p);
+	if (sp)
+		pwr = (sp - suf) + 1;
+	else {
+		sp = strchr(suf2, *p);
+		if (sp)
+			pwr = (sp - suf2) + 1;
+		else {
+			rc = -EINVAL;
+			goto err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	rc = do_scale_by_power(&x, base, pwr);
+	if (power)
+		*power = pwr;
+	if (frac && pwr) {
+		int i;
+		uintmax_t frac_div = 10, frac_poz = 1, frac_base = 1;
+
+		/* mega, giga, ... */
+		do_scale_by_power(&frac_base, base, pwr);
+
+		/* maximal divisor for last digit (e.g. for 0.05 is
+		 * frac_div=100, for 0.054 is frac_div=1000, etc.)
+		 *
+		 * Reduce frac if too large.
+		 */
+		while (frac_div < frac) {
+			if (frac_div <= UINTMAX_MAX/10)
+				frac_div *= 10;
+			else
+				frac /= 10;
+		}
+
+		/* 'frac' is without zeros (5 means 0.5 as well as 0.05) */
+		for (i = 0; i < frac_zeros; i++) {
+			if (frac_div <= UINTMAX_MAX/10)
+				frac_div *= 10;
+			else
+				frac /= 10;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Go backwardly from last digit and add to result what the
+		 * digit represents in the frac_base. For example 0.25G
+		 *
+		 *  5 means 1GiB / (100/5)
+		 *  2 means 1GiB / (10/2)
+		 */
+		do {
+			unsigned int seg = frac % 10;		 /* last digit of the frac */
+			uintmax_t seg_div = frac_div / frac_poz; /* what represents the segment 1000, 100, .. */
+
+			frac /= 10;	/* remove last digit from frac */
+			frac_poz *= 10;
+
+			if (seg && seg_div / seg)
+				x += frac_base / (seg_div / seg);
+		} while (frac);
+	}
+done:
+	*res = x;
+err:
+	if (rc < 0)
+		errno = -rc;
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int strtosize(const char *str, uintmax_t *res)
+{
+	return parse_size(str, res, NULL);
+}
+
+int isdigit_strend(const char *str, const char **end)
+{
+	const char *p;
+
+	for (p = str; p && *p && isdigit((unsigned char) *p); p++);
+
+	if (end)
+		*end = p;
+	return p && p > str && !*p;
+}
+
+int isxdigit_strend(const char *str, const char **end)
+{
+	const char *p;
+
+	for (p = str; p && *p && isxdigit((unsigned char) *p); p++);
+
+	if (end)
+		*end = p;
+
+	return p && p > str && !*p;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  parse_switch(argv[i], "on", "off",  "yes", "no",  NULL);
+ */
+int parse_switch(const char *arg, const char *errmesg, ...)
+{
+	const char *a, *b;
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, errmesg);
+	do {
+		a = va_arg(ap, char *);
+		if (!a)
+			break;
+		b = va_arg(ap, char *);
+		if (!b)
+			break;
+
+		if (strcmp(arg, a) == 0) {
+			va_end(ap);
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		if (strcmp(arg, b) == 0) {
+			va_end(ap);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	} while (1);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	errx(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, arg);
+}
+
+#ifndef HAVE_MEMPCPY
+void *mempcpy(void *restrict dest, const void *restrict src, size_t n)
+{
+    return ((char *)memcpy(dest, src, n)) + n;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRNLEN
+size_t strnlen(const char *s, size_t maxlen)
+{
+        size_t i;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < maxlen; i++) {
+                if (s[i] == '\0')
+                        return i;
+        }
+        return maxlen;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRNCHR
+char *strnchr(const char *s, size_t maxlen, int c)
+{
+	for (; maxlen-- && *s != '\0'; ++s)
+		if (*s == (char)c)
+			return (char *)s;
+	return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_STRNDUP
+char *strndup(const char *s, size_t n)
+{
+	size_t len = strnlen(s, n);
+	char *new = malloc((len + 1) * sizeof(char));
+	if (!new)
+		return NULL;
+	new[len] = '\0';
+	return (char *) memcpy(new, s, len);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * convert strings to numbers; returns <0 on error, and 0 on success
+ */
+int ul_strtos64(const char *str, int64_t *num, int base)
+{
+	char *end = NULL;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	if (str == NULL || *str == '\0')
+		return -EINVAL;
+	*num = (int64_t) strtoimax(str, &end, base);
+
+	if (errno || str == end || (end && *end))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int ul_strtou64(const char *str, uint64_t *num, int base)
+{
+	char *end = NULL;
+	int64_t tmp;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	if (str == NULL || *str == '\0')
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/* we need to ignore negative numbers, note that for invalid negative
+	 * number strtoimax() returns negative number too, so we do not
+	 * need to check errno here */
+	tmp = (int64_t) strtoimax(str, &end, base);
+	if (tmp < 0)
+		errno = ERANGE;
+	else {
+		errno = 0;
+		*num = strtoumax(str, &end, base);
+	}
+
+	if (errno || str == end || (end && *end))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int ul_strtos32(const char *str, int32_t *num, int base)
+{
+	int64_t tmp;
+	int rc;
+
+	rc = ul_strtos64(str, &tmp, base);
+	if (rc == 0 && (tmp < INT32_MIN || tmp > INT32_MAX))
+		rc = -(errno = ERANGE);
+	if (rc == 0)
+		*num = (int32_t) tmp;
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int ul_strtou32(const char *str, uint32_t *num, int base)
+{
+	uint64_t tmp;
+	int rc;
+
+	rc = ul_strtou64(str, &tmp, base);
+	if (rc == 0 && tmp > UINT32_MAX)
+		rc = -(errno = ERANGE);
+	if (rc == 0)
+		*num = (uint32_t) tmp;
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert strings to numbers in defined range and print message on error.
+ *
+ * These functions are used when we read input from users (getopt() etc.). It's
+ * better to consolidate the code and keep it all based on 64-bit numbers then
+ * implement it for 32 and 16-bit numbers too.
+ */
+int64_t str2num_or_err(const char *str, int base, const char *errmesg,
+			     int64_t low, int64_t up)
+{
+	int64_t num = 0;
+	int rc;
+
+	rc = ul_strtos64(str, &num, base);
+	if (rc == 0 && ((low && num < low) || (up && num > up)))
+		rc = -(errno = ERANGE);
+
+	if (rc) {
+		if (errno == ERANGE)
+			err(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+		errx(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+	}
+	return num;
+}
+
+uint64_t str2unum_or_err(const char *str, int base, const char *errmesg, uint64_t up)
+{
+	uint64_t num = 0;
+	int rc;
+
+	rc = ul_strtou64(str, &num, base);
+	if (rc == 0 && (up && num > up))
+		rc = -(errno = ERANGE);
+
+	if (rc) {
+		if (errno == ERANGE)
+			err(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+		errx(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+	}
+	return num;
+}
+
+double strtod_or_err(const char *str, const char *errmesg)
+{
+	double num;
+	char *end = NULL;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	if (str == NULL || *str == '\0')
+		goto err;
+	num = strtod(str, &end);
+
+	if (errno || str == end || (end && *end))
+		goto err;
+
+	return num;
+err:
+	if (errno == ERANGE)
+		err(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+
+	errx(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+}
+
+long double strtold_or_err(const char *str, const char *errmesg)
+{
+	double num;
+	char *end = NULL;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	if (str == NULL || *str == '\0')
+		goto err;
+	num = strtold(str, &end);
+
+	if (errno || str == end || (end && *end))
+		goto err;
+
+	return num;
+err:
+	if (errno == ERANGE)
+		err(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+
+	errx(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+}
+
+long strtol_or_err(const char *str, const char *errmesg)
+{
+	long num;
+	char *end = NULL;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	if (str == NULL || *str == '\0')
+		goto err;
+	num = strtol(str, &end, 10);
+
+	if (errno || str == end || (end && *end))
+		goto err;
+
+	return num;
+err:
+	if (errno == ERANGE)
+		err(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+
+	errx(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+}
+
+unsigned long strtoul_or_err(const char *str, const char *errmesg)
+{
+	unsigned long num;
+	char *end = NULL;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	if (str == NULL || *str == '\0')
+		goto err;
+	num = strtoul(str, &end, 10);
+
+	if (errno || str == end || (end && *end))
+		goto err;
+
+	return num;
+err:
+	if (errno == ERANGE)
+		err(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+
+	errx(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+}
+
+uintmax_t strtosize_or_err(const char *str, const char *errmesg)
+{
+	uintmax_t num;
+
+	if (strtosize(str, &num) == 0)
+		return num;
+
+	if (errno)
+		err(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+
+	errx(STRTOXX_EXIT_CODE, "%s: '%s'", errmesg, str);
+}
+
+
+void strtotimeval_or_err(const char *str, struct timeval *tv, const char *errmesg)
+{
+	long double user_input;
+
+	user_input = strtold_or_err(str, errmesg);
+	tv->tv_sec = (time_t) user_input;
+	tv->tv_usec = (suseconds_t)((user_input - tv->tv_sec) * 1000000);
+}
+
+time_t strtotime_or_err(const char *str, const char *errmesg)
+{
+	int64_t user_input;
+
+	user_input = strtos64_or_err(str, errmesg);
+	return (time_t) user_input;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Converts stat->st_mode to ls(1)-like mode string. The size of "str" must
+ * be 11 bytes.
+ */
+char *xstrmode(mode_t mode, char *str)
+{
+	unsigned short i = 0;
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
+		str[i++] = 'd';
+	else if (S_ISLNK(mode))
+		str[i++] = 'l';
+	else if (S_ISCHR(mode))
+		str[i++] = 'c';
+	else if (S_ISBLK(mode))
+		str[i++] = 'b';
+	else if (S_ISSOCK(mode))
+		str[i++] = 's';
+	else if (S_ISFIFO(mode))
+		str[i++] = 'p';
+	else if (S_ISREG(mode))
+		str[i++] = '-';
+
+	str[i++] = mode & S_IRUSR ? 'r' : '-';
+	str[i++] = mode & S_IWUSR ? 'w' : '-';
+	str[i++] = (mode & S_ISUID
+		? (mode & S_IXUSR ? 's' : 'S')
+		: (mode & S_IXUSR ? 'x' : '-'));
+	str[i++] = mode & S_IRGRP ? 'r' : '-';
+	str[i++] = mode & S_IWGRP ? 'w' : '-';
+	str[i++] = (mode & S_ISGID
+		? (mode & S_IXGRP ? 's' : 'S')
+		: (mode & S_IXGRP ? 'x' : '-'));
+	str[i++] = mode & S_IROTH ? 'r' : '-';
+	str[i++] = mode & S_IWOTH ? 'w' : '-';
+	str[i++] = (mode & S_ISVTX
+		? (mode & S_IXOTH ? 't' : 'T')
+		: (mode & S_IXOTH ? 'x' : '-'));
+	str[i] = '\0';
+
+	return str;
+}
+
+/*
+ * returns exponent (2^x=n) in range KiB..EiB (2^10..2^60)
+ */
+static int get_exp(uint64_t n)
+{
+	int shft;
+
+	for (shft = 10; shft <= 60; shft += 10) {
+		if (n < (1ULL << shft))
+			break;
+	}
+	return shft - 10;
+}
+
+char *size_to_human_string(int options, uint64_t bytes)
+{
+	char buf[32];
+	int dec, exp;
+	uint64_t frac;
+	const char *letters = "BKMGTPE";
+	char suffix[sizeof(" KiB")], *psuf = suffix;
+	char c;
+
+	if (options & SIZE_SUFFIX_SPACE)
+		*psuf++ = ' ';
+
+
+	exp  = get_exp(bytes);
+	c    = *(letters + (exp ? exp / 10 : 0));
+	dec  = exp ? bytes / (1ULL << exp) : bytes;
+	frac = exp ? bytes % (1ULL << exp) : 0;
+
+	*psuf++ = c;
+
+	if ((options & SIZE_SUFFIX_3LETTER) && (c != 'B')) {
+		*psuf++ = 'i';
+		*psuf++ = 'B';
+	}
+
+	*psuf = '\0';
+
+	/* fprintf(stderr, "exp: %d, unit: %c, dec: %d, frac: %jd\n",
+	 *                 exp, suffix[0], dec, frac);
+	 */
+
+	/* round */
+	if (frac) {
+		/* get 3 digits after decimal point */
+		if (frac >= UINT64_MAX / 1000)
+			frac = ((frac / 1024) * 1000) / (1ULL << (exp - 10)) ;
+		else
+			frac = (frac * 1000) / (1ULL << (exp)) ;
+
+		if (options & SIZE_DECIMAL_2DIGITS) {
+			/* round 4/5 and keep 2 digits after decimal point */
+			frac = (frac + 5) / 10 ;
+		} else {
+			/* round 4/5 and keep 1 digit after decimal point */
+			frac = ((frac + 50) / 100) * 10 ;
+		}
+
+		/* rounding could have overflowed */
+		if (frac == 100) {
+			dec++;
+			frac = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (frac) {
+		struct lconv const *l = localeconv();
+		char *dp = l ? l->decimal_point : NULL;
+		int len;
+
+		if (!dp || !*dp)
+			dp = ".";
+
+		len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d%s%02" PRIu64, dec, dp, frac);
+		if (len > 0 && (size_t) len < sizeof(buf)) {
+			/* remove potential extraneous zero */
+			if (buf[len - 1] == '0')
+				buf[len--] = '\0';
+			/* append suffix */
+			xstrncpy(buf+len, suffix, sizeof(buf) - len);
+		} else
+			*buf = '\0';	/* snprintf error */
+	} else
+		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d%s", dec, suffix);
+
+	return strdup(buf);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parses comma delimited list to array with IDs, for example:
+ *
+ * "aaa,bbb,ccc" --> ary[0] = FOO_AAA;
+ *                   ary[1] = FOO_BBB;
+ *                   ary[3] = FOO_CCC;
+ *
+ * The function name2id() provides conversion from string to ID.
+ *
+ * Returns: >= 0  : number of items added to ary[]
+ *            -1  : parse error or unknown item
+ *            -2  : arysz reached
+ */
+int string_to_idarray(const char *list, int ary[], size_t arysz,
+			int (name2id)(const char *, size_t))
+{
+	const char *begin = NULL, *p;
+	size_t n = 0;
+
+	if (!list || !*list || !ary || !arysz || !name2id)
+		return -1;
+
+	for (p = list; p && *p; p++) {
+		const char *end = NULL;
+		int id;
+
+		if (n >= arysz)
+			return -2;
+		if (!begin)
+			begin = p;		/* begin of the column name */
+		if (*p == ',')
+			end = p;		/* terminate the name */
+		if (*(p + 1) == '\0')
+			end = p + 1;		/* end of string */
+		if (!begin || !end)
+			continue;
+		if (end <= begin)
+			return -1;
+
+		id = name2id(begin, end - begin);
+		if (id == -1)
+			return -1;
+		ary[ n++ ] = id;
+		begin = NULL;
+		if (end && !*end)
+			break;
+	}
+	return n;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parses the array like string_to_idarray but if format is "+aaa,bbb"
+ * it adds fields to array instead of replacing them.
+ */
+int string_add_to_idarray(const char *list, int ary[], size_t arysz,
+			size_t *ary_pos, int (name2id)(const char *, size_t))
+{
+	const char *list_add;
+	int r;
+
+	if (!list || !*list || !ary_pos || *ary_pos > arysz)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (list[0] == '+')
+		list_add = &list[1];
+	else {
+		list_add = list;
+		*ary_pos = 0;
+	}
+
+	r = string_to_idarray(list_add, &ary[*ary_pos], arysz - *ary_pos, name2id);
+	if (r > 0)
+		*ary_pos += r;
+	return r;
+}
+
+/*
+ * LIST ::= <item> [, <item>]
+ *
+ * The <item> is translated to 'id' by name2id() function and the 'id' is used
+ * as a position in the 'ary' bit array. It means that the 'id' has to be in
+ * range <0..N> where N < sizeof(ary) * NBBY.
+ *
+ * Returns: 0 on success, <0 on error.
+ */
+int string_to_bitarray(const char *list,
+		     char *ary,
+		     int (*name2bit)(const char *, size_t))
+{
+	const char *begin = NULL, *p;
+
+	if (!list || !name2bit || !ary)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	for (p = list; p && *p; p++) {
+		const char *end = NULL;
+		int bit;
+
+		if (!begin)
+			begin = p;		/* begin of the level name */
+		if (*p == ',')
+			end = p;		/* terminate the name */
+		if (*(p + 1) == '\0')
+			end = p + 1;		/* end of string */
+		if (!begin || !end)
+			continue;
+		if (end <= begin)
+			return -1;
+
+		bit = name2bit(begin, end - begin);
+		if (bit < 0)
+			return bit;
+		setbit(ary, bit);
+		begin = NULL;
+		if (end && !*end)
+			break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * LIST ::= <item> [, <item>]
+ *
+ * The <item> is translated to 'id' by name2flag() function and the flags is
+ * set to the 'mask'
+*
+ * Returns: 0 on success, <0 on error.
+ */
+int string_to_bitmask(const char *list,
+		     unsigned long *mask,
+		     long (*name2flag)(const char *, size_t))
+{
+	const char *begin = NULL, *p;
+
+	if (!list || !name2flag || !mask)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	for (p = list; p && *p; p++) {
+		const char *end = NULL;
+		long flag;
+
+		if (!begin)
+			begin = p;		/* begin of the level name */
+		if (*p == ',')
+			end = p;		/* terminate the name */
+		if (*(p + 1) == '\0')
+			end = p + 1;		/* end of string */
+		if (!begin || !end)
+			continue;
+		if (end <= begin)
+			return -1;
+
+		flag = name2flag(begin, end - begin);
+		if (flag < 0)
+			return flag;	/* error */
+		*mask |= flag;
+		begin = NULL;
+		if (end && !*end)
+			break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse the lower and higher values in a string containing
+ * "lower:higher" or "lower-higher" format. Note that either
+ * the lower or the higher values may be missing, and the def
+ * value will be assigned to it by default.
+ *
+ * Returns: 0 on success, <0 on error.
+ */
+int parse_range(const char *str, int *lower, int *upper, int def)
+{
+	char *end = NULL;
+
+	if (!str)
+		return 0;
+
+	*upper = *lower = def;
+	errno = 0;
+
+	if (*str == ':') {				/* <:N> */
+		str++;
+		*upper = strtol(str, &end, 10);
+		if (errno || !end || *end || end == str)
+			return -1;
+	} else {
+		*upper = *lower = strtol(str, &end, 10);
+		if (errno || !end || end == str)
+			return -1;
+
+		if (*end == ':' && !*(end + 1))		/* <M:> */
+			*upper = def;
+		else if (*end == '-' || *end == ':') {	/* <M:N> <M-N> */
+			str = end + 1;
+			end = NULL;
+			errno = 0;
+			*upper = strtol(str, &end, 10);
+
+			if (errno || !end || *end || end == str)
+				return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *next_path_segment(const char *str, size_t *sz)
+{
+	const char *start, *p;
+
+	start = str;
+	*sz = 0;
+	while (start && *start == '/' && *(start + 1) == '/')
+		start++;
+
+	if (!start || !*start)
+		return NULL;
+
+	for (*sz = 1, p = start + 1; *p && *p != '/'; p++) {
+		(*sz)++;
+	}
+
+	return start;
+}
+
+int streq_paths(const char *a, const char *b)
+{
+	while (a && b) {
+		size_t a_sz, b_sz;
+		const char *a_seg = next_path_segment(a, &a_sz);
+		const char *b_seg = next_path_segment(b, &b_sz);
+
+		/*
+		fprintf(stderr, "A>>>(%zu) '%s'\n", a_sz, a_seg);
+		fprintf(stderr, "B>>>(%zu) '%s'\n", b_sz, b_seg);
+		*/
+
+		/* end of the path */
+		if (a_sz + b_sz == 0)
+			return 1;
+
+		/* ignore tailing slash */
+		if (a_sz + b_sz == 1 &&
+		    ((a_seg && *a_seg == '/') || (b_seg && *b_seg == '/')))
+			return 1;
+
+		if (!a_seg || !b_seg)
+			break;
+		if (a_sz != b_sz || strncmp(a_seg, b_seg, a_sz) != 0)
+			break;
+
+		a = a_seg + a_sz;
+		b = b_seg + b_sz;
+	};
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* concatenate two strings to a new string, the size of the second string is limited by @b */
+char *strnconcat(const char *s, const char *suffix, size_t b)
+{
+        size_t a;
+        char *r;
+
+        if (!s && !suffix)
+                return strdup("");
+        if (!s)
+                return strndup(suffix, b);
+        if (!suffix)
+                return strdup(s);
+
+        assert(s);
+        assert(suffix);
+
+        a = strlen(s);
+        if (b > ((size_t) -1) - a)
+                return NULL;
+
+        r = malloc(a + b + 1);
+        if (!r)
+                return NULL;
+
+        memcpy(r, s, a);
+        memcpy(r + a, suffix, b);
+        r[a+b] = 0;
+
+        return r;
+}
+
+/* concatenate two strings to a new string */
+char *strconcat(const char *s, const char *suffix)
+{
+        return strnconcat(s, suffix, suffix ? strlen(suffix) : 0);
+}
+
+/* concatenate @s and string defined by @format to a new string */
+char *strfconcat(const char *s, const char *format, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	char *val, *res;
+	int sz;
+
+	va_start(ap, format);
+	sz = vasprintf(&val, format, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	if (sz < 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	res = strnconcat(s, val, sz);
+	free(val);
+	return res;
+}
+
+int strappend(char **a, const char *b)
+{
+	size_t al, bl;
+	char *tmp;
+
+	if (!a)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (!b || !*b)
+		return 0;
+	if (!*a) {
+		*a = strdup(b);
+		return !*a ? -ENOMEM : 0;
+	}
+
+	al = strlen(*a);
+	bl = strlen(b);
+
+	tmp = realloc(*a, al + bl + 1);
+	if (!tmp)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	*a = tmp;
+	memcpy((*a) + al, b, bl + 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static size_t strcspn_escaped(const char *s, const char *reject)
+{
+        int escaped = 0;
+        int n;
+
+        for (n=0; s[n]; n++) {
+                if (escaped)
+                        escaped = 0;
+                else if (s[n] == '\\')
+                        escaped = 1;
+                else if (strchr(reject, s[n]))
+                        break;
+        }
+
+        /* if s ends in \, return index of previous char */
+        return n - escaped;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Like strchr() but ignores @c if escaped by '\', '\\' is interpreted like '\'.
+ *
+ * For example for @c='X':
+ *
+ *      "abcdXefgXh"    --> "XefgXh"
+ *	"abcd\XefgXh"   --> "Xh"
+ *	"abcd\\XefgXh"  --> "XefgXh"
+ *	"abcd\\\XefgXh" --> "Xh"
+ *	"abcd\Xefg\Xh"  --> (null)
+ *
+ *	"abcd\\XefgXh"  --> "\XefgXh"   for @c='\\'
+ */
+char *ul_strchr_escaped(const char *s, int c)
+{
+	char *p;
+	int esc = 0;
+
+	for (p = (char *) s; p && *p; p++) {
+		if (!esc && *p == '\\') {
+			esc = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (*p == c && (!esc || c == '\\'))
+			return p;
+		esc = 0;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Split a string into words. */
+const char *split(const char **state, size_t *l, const char *separator, int quoted)
+{
+        const char *current;
+
+        current = *state;
+
+        if (!*current) {
+                assert(**state == '\0');
+                return NULL;
+        }
+
+        current += strspn(current, separator);
+        if (!*current) {
+                *state = current;
+                return NULL;
+        }
+
+        if (quoted && strchr("\'\"", *current)) {
+                char quotechars[2] = {*current, '\0'};
+
+                *l = strcspn_escaped(current + 1, quotechars);
+                if (current[*l + 1] == '\0' || current[*l + 1] != quotechars[0] ||
+                    (current[*l + 2] && !strchr(separator, current[*l + 2]))) {
+                        /* right quote missing or garbage at the end */
+                        *state = current;
+                        return NULL;
+                }
+                *state = current++ + *l + 2;
+        } else if (quoted) {
+                *l = strcspn_escaped(current, separator);
+                if (current[*l] && !strchr(separator, current[*l])) {
+                        /* unfinished escape */
+                        *state = current;
+                        return NULL;
+                }
+                *state = current + *l;
+        } else {
+                *l = strcspn(current, separator);
+                *state = current + *l;
+        }
+
+        return current;
+}
+
+/* Rewind file pointer forward to new line.  */
+int skip_fline(FILE *fp)
+{
+	int ch;
+
+	do {
+		if ((ch = fgetc(fp)) == EOF)
+			return 1;
+		if (ch == '\n')
+			return 0;
+	} while (1);
+}
+
+
+/* compare two strings, but ignoring non-alnum and case of the characters, for example
+ * "Hello (123)!" is the same as "hello123".
+ */
+int ul_stralnumcmp(const char *p1, const char *p2)
+{
+	const unsigned char *s1 = (const unsigned char *) p1;
+	const unsigned char *s2 = (const unsigned char *) p2;
+	unsigned char c1, c2;
+
+	do {
+		do {
+			c1 = (unsigned char) *s1++;
+		} while (c1 != '\0' && !isalnum((unsigned int) c1));
+
+		do {
+			c2 = (unsigned char) *s2++;
+		} while (c2 != '\0' && !isalnum((unsigned int) c2));
+
+		if (c1 != '\0')
+			c1 = tolower(c1);
+		if (c2 != '\0')
+			c2 = tolower(c2);
+		if (c1 == '\0')
+			return c1 - c2;
+	} while (c1 == c2);
+
+	return c1 - c2;
+}
+
+#ifdef TEST_PROGRAM_STRUTILS
+struct testS {
+	char *name;
+	char *value;
+};
+
+static int test_strdup_to_member(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	struct testS *xx;
+
+	if (argc < 3)
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+	xx = calloc(1, sizeof(*xx));
+	if (!xx)
+		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "calloc() failed");
+
+	strdup_to_struct_member(xx, name, argv[1]);
+	strdup_to_struct_member(xx, value, argv[2]);
+
+	if (strcmp(xx->name, argv[1]) != 0 &&
+	    strcmp(xx->value, argv[2]) != 0)
+		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "strdup_to_struct_member() failed");
+
+	printf("1: '%s', 2: '%s'\n", xx->name, xx->value);
+
+	free(xx->name);
+	free(xx->value);
+	free(xx);
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int test_strutils_sizes(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	uintmax_t size = 0;
+	char *hum1, *hum2, *hum3;
+
+	if (argc < 2)
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+	if (strtosize(argv[1], &size))
+		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid size '%s' value", argv[1]);
+
+	hum1 = size_to_human_string(SIZE_SUFFIX_1LETTER, size);
+	hum2 = size_to_human_string(SIZE_SUFFIX_3LETTER |
+				    SIZE_SUFFIX_SPACE, size);
+	hum3 = size_to_human_string(SIZE_SUFFIX_3LETTER |
+				    SIZE_SUFFIX_SPACE |
+				    SIZE_DECIMAL_2DIGITS, size);
+
+	printf("%25s : %20ju : %8s : %12s : %13s\n", argv[1], size, hum1, hum2, hum3);
+	free(hum1);
+	free(hum2);
+	free(hum3);
+
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int test_strutils_cmp_paths(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	int rc = streq_paths(argv[1], argv[2]);
+
+	if (argc < 3)
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+	printf("%s: '%s' '%s'\n", rc == 1 ? "YES" : "NOT", argv[1], argv[2]);
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int test_strutils_normalize(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	unsigned char *src, *dst, *org;
+	size_t sz, len;
+
+	if (argc < 2)
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+	org = (unsigned char *) strdup(argv[1]);
+	src = (unsigned char *) strdup((char *) org);
+	len = strlen((char *) src);
+	dst = malloc(len + 1);
+
+	if (!org || !src || !dst)
+		goto done;
+
+	/* two buffers */
+	sz = __normalize_whitespace(src, len, dst, len + 1);
+	printf("1: '%s' --> '%s' [sz=%zu]\n", src, dst, sz);
+
+	/* one buffer */
+	sz = normalize_whitespace(src);
+	printf("2: '%s' --> '%s' [sz=%zu]\n", org, src, sz);
+
+done:
+	free(src);
+	free(dst);
+	free(org);
+
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	if (argc == 3 && strcmp(argv[1], "--size") == 0) {
+		return test_strutils_sizes(argc - 1, argv + 1);
+
+	} else if (argc == 4 && strcmp(argv[1], "--cmp-paths") == 0) {
+		return test_strutils_cmp_paths(argc - 1, argv + 1);
+
+	} else if (argc == 4 && strcmp(argv[1], "--strdup-member") == 0) {
+		return test_strdup_to_member(argc - 1, argv + 1);
+
+	} else if  (argc == 4 && strcmp(argv[1], "--stralnumcmp") == 0) {
+		printf("%s\n", ul_stralnumcmp(argv[2], argv[3]) == 0 ?
+				"match" : "dismatch");
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+	} else if (argc == 3 && strcmp(argv[1], "--normalize") == 0) {
+		return test_strutils_normalize(argc - 1, argv + 1);
+
+
+	} else if (argc == 3 && strcmp(argv[1], "--strtos64") == 0) {
+		printf("'%s'-->%jd\n", argv[2], strtos64_or_err(argv[2], "strtos64 failed"));
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+	} else if (argc == 3 && strcmp(argv[1], "--strtou64") == 0) {
+		printf("'%s'-->%ju\n", argv[2], strtou64_or_err(argv[2], "strtou64 failed"));
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+	} else if (argc == 3 && strcmp(argv[1], "--strtos32") == 0) {
+		printf("'%s'-->%d\n", argv[2], strtos32_or_err(argv[2], "strtos32 failed"));
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+	} else if (argc == 3 && strcmp(argv[1], "--strtou32") == 0) {
+		printf("'%s'-->%u\n", argv[2], strtou32_or_err(argv[2], "strtou32 failed"));
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+	} else if (argc == 3 && strcmp(argv[1], "--strtos16") == 0) {
+		printf("'%s'-->%hd\n", argv[2], strtos16_or_err(argv[2], "strtos16 failed"));
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+	} else if (argc == 3 && strcmp(argv[1], "--strtou16") == 0) {
+		printf("'%s'-->%hu\n", argv[2], strtou16_or_err(argv[2], "strtou16 failed"));
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+	} else if (argc == 4 && strcmp(argv[1], "--strchr-escaped") == 0) {
+		printf("\"%s\" --> \"%s\"\n", argv[2], ul_strchr_escaped(argv[2], *argv[3]));
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr, "usage: %1$s --size <number>[suffix]\n"
+				"       %1$s --cmp-paths <path> <path>\n"
+				"       %1$s --strdup-member <str> <str>\n"
+				"       %1$s --stralnumcmp <str> <str>\n"
+				"       %1$s --normalize <str>\n"
+				"       %1$s --strto{s,u}{16,32,64} <str>\n",
+				argv[0]);
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	return EXIT_FAILURE;
+}
+#endif /* TEST_PROGRAM_STRUTILS */