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+.TH "WHOIS" "1" "2019-12-30" "Marco d'Itri" "Debian GNU/Linux"
+.SH NAME
+whois \- client for the whois directory service
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B whois
+[
+.RB {\~ \-h \~|\~ \-\-host \~}
+.I HOST
+] [
+.RB {\~ \-p \~|\~ \-\-port \~}
+.I PORT
+] [\~\c
+.B \-abBcdGHIKlLmMrRx
+] [\~\c
+.BI \-g \~SOURCE:FIRST\-LAST
+] [\~\c
+.BR \-i \~
+.IR ATTR [, ATTR ]...\~]
+[\~\c
+.BR \-s \~
+.IR SOURCE [, SOURCE ]...\~]
+[\~\c
+.BR \-T \~
+.IR TYPE [, TYPE ]...\~]
+.RB [\~ \-\-verbose \~]
+.RB [\~ \-\-no-recursion \~]
+.I OBJECT
+
+.B whois
+.B \-q
+.I KEYWORD
+
+.B whois
+.B \-t
+.I TYPE
+
+.B whois
+.B \-v
+.I TYPE
+
+.B whois \-\-help
+
+.B whois \-\-version
+
+.PP
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.B whois
+searches for an object in a
+.I RFC 3912
+database.
+.P
+This version of the whois client tries to guess the right server to
+ask for the specified object. If no guess can be made it will connect to
+.I whois.networksolutions.com
+for NIC handles or
+.I whois.arin.net
+for IPv4 addresses and network names.
+.PP
+.SH OPTIONS
+.TP 8
+.B \-h \c
+.IR HOST ", "\c
+.BI \-\-host= HOST
+Connect to
+.IR HOST .
+.TP 8
+.B \-H
+Do not display the legal disclaimers that some registries like to show you.
+.TP 8
+.B \-p \c
+.IR PORT ", "\c
+.BI \-\-port= PORT
+Connect to
+.IR PORT .
+.TP 8
+.B \-I
+First query
+.I whois.iana.org
+and then follow its referral to the
+whois server authoritative for that request. This works for IP addresses,
+AS numbers and domains.
+.BR BEWARE :
+this implies that the IANA server will receive your complete query.
+.TP 8
+.B \-\-no-recursion
+Disable recursion from registry to registrar servers.
+.TP 8
+.B \-\-verbose
+Be verbose.
+.TP 8
+.B \-\-help
+Display online help.
+.TP 8
+.B \-\-version
+Display the program version.
+.P
+Other options are flags understood by
+.I whois.ripe.net
+and some other
+RIPE-like servers:
+.TP 8
+.B \-a
+Also search all the mirrored databases.
+.TP 8
+.B \-b
+Return brief IP address ranges with abuse contact.
+.TP 8
+.B \-B
+Disable objects filtering. (Show the e-mail addresses.)
+.TP 8
+.B \-c
+Return the smallest IP address range with a reference to an irt object.
+.TP 8
+.B \-d
+Return the reverse DNS delegation object too.
+.TP 8
+.B \-g \c
+.I SOURCE:FIRST\-LAST
+Search updates from
+.I SOURCE
+database between
+.I FIRST
+and
+.I LAST
+update serial number. It is useful to obtain Near Real Time Mirroring stream.
+.TP 8
+.B \-G
+Disable grouping of associated objects.
+.TP 8
+.B \-i \c
+.I ATTR[,ATTR]...
+Inverse-search objects having associated attributes.
+.I ATTR
+is the attribute name, while the positional
+.I OBJECT
+argument is the attribute value.
+.TP 8
+.B \-K
+Return primary key attributes only. An exception is the
+.I members
+attribute of
+.I set
+objects, which is always returned. Another exception are all
+attributes of the objects
+.IR organisation ,
+.I person
+and
+.IR role ,
+that are never returned.
+.TP 8
+.B \-l
+Return the one level less specific object.
+.TP 8
+.B \-L
+Return all levels of less specific objects.
+.TP 8
+.B \-m
+Return all one level more specific objects.
+.TP 8
+.B \-M
+Return all levels of more specific objects.
+.TP 8
+.B \-q \c
+.I KEYWORD
+Return information about the server.
+.I KEYWORD
+can be
+.I version
+for the server version,
+.I sources
+for the list of database sources or
+.I types
+for the list of supported object types.
+.TP 8
+.B \-r
+Disable recursive lookups for contact information.
+.TP 8
+.B \-R
+Disable following referrals and force showing the object from the local copy
+in the server.
+.TP 8
+.B \-s \c
+.I SOURCE[,SOURCE]...
+Request the server to search for objects mirrored from
+.IR SOURCE .
+Sources are delimited by comma, and the order is significant.
+Use the
+.I -q sources
+parameter to obtain a list of valid sources.
+.TP 8
+.B \-t \c
+.I TYPE
+Return the template for a object of
+.IR TYPE .
+.TP 8
+.B \-T \c
+.I TYPE[,TYPE]...
+Restrict the search to objects of
+.IR TYPE .
+Multiple types are separated by a comma.
+.TP 8
+.B \-v \c
+.I TYPE
+Return the verbose template for a object of
+.IR TYPE .
+.TP 8
+.B \-x
+Search for only exact match on network address prefix.
+.SH NOTES
+When querying the Verisign gTLDs (e.g. .com, .net...) thin registry servers
+for a domain, the program will automatically prepend the
+.I domain
+keyword to only show domain records. The
+.I nameserver
+or
+.I registrar
+keywords must be used to show other kinds of records.
+.P
+When querying
+.I whois.arin.net
+for IPv4 or IPv6 networks, the CIDR
+netmask length will be automatically removed from the query string.
+.P
+When querying
+.I whois.nic.ad.jp
+for AS numbers, the program will automatically convert the request
+in the appropriate format, inserting a space after the string
+.IR AS .
+.P
+When querying
+.I whois.denic.de
+for domain names and no other
+flags have been specified, the program will automatically add the flag
+.IR "-T dn" .
+.P
+When querying
+.I whois.dk\-hostmaster.dk
+for domain names and no other
+flags have been specified, the program will automatically add the flag
+.IR "\-\-show\-handles" .
+.P
+RIPE-specific command line options are ignored when querying non-RIPE
+servers. This may or may not be the behaviour intended by the user.
+When using non-standard query parameters then the command line options
+which are not to be interpreted by the client must follow the
+.I \-\-
+separator (which marks the beginning of the query string).
+.P
+If the
+.I /etc/whois.conf
+configuration file exists, it will be consulted
+to find a server before applying the normal rules. Each line of the
+file should contain a regular expression to be matched against the query
+text and the whois server to use, separated by white space.
+IDN domains must use the ACE format.
+.P
+The whois protocol does not specify an encoding for characters which
+cannot be represented by ASCII and implementations vary wildly.
+If the program knows that a specific server uses a certain encoding,
+if needed it will transcode the server output to the encoding specified
+by the current system locale.
+.P
+Command line arguments will always be interpreted accordingly to the
+current system locale and converted to the IDN ASCII Compatible Encoding.
+.SH "FILES"
+/etc/whois.conf
+.SH "ENVIRONMENT"
+.IP LANG
+When querying
+.I whois.nic.ad.jp
+and
+.I whois.jprs.jp
+English text is requested unless the
+.I LANG
+or
+.I LC_MESSAGES
+environment variables specify a Japanese locale.
+.IP "WHOIS_OPTIONS"
+A list of options which will be evaluated before the ones specified on the
+command line.
+.IP "WHOIS_SERVER"
+This server will be queried if the program cannot guess where some kind
+of objects are located. If the variable does not exist then
+.I whois.arin.net
+will be queried.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+.IR whois.conf (5).
+.P
+.IR "RFC 3912" :
+WHOIS Protocol Specification.
+.P
+.IR "RIPE Database Query Reference Manual" :
+.RI < http://www.ripe.net/data\-tools/support/documentation/ripe\-database\-query\-reference\-manual >
+.SH BUGS
+The program may have buffer overflows in the command line parser:
+be sure to not pass untrusted data to it.
+It should be rewritten to use a dynamic strings library.
+.SH HISTORY
+This program closely tracks the user interface of the whois client
+developed at RIPE by Ambrose Magee and others on the base of the
+original BSD client.
+.SH AUTHOR
+.B Whois
+and this man page were written by Marco d'Itri
+.RI < md@linux.it >
+and are licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License,
+version 2 or higher.
+