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diff --git a/docs/manual/bind.html.en b/docs/manual/bind.html.en new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1c8567b --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/manual/bind.html.en @@ -0,0 +1,246 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head> +<meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" /> +<!-- + XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX + This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT + XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX + --> +<title>Binding to Addresses and Ports - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title> +<link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" /> +<link href="./style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" /> +<link href="./style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style/css/prettify.css" /> +<script src="./style/scripts/prettify.min.js" type="text/javascript"> +</script> + +<link href="./images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head> +<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header"> +<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> +<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p> +<img alt="" src="./images/feather.png" /></div> +<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div> +<div id="path"> +<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.4</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Binding to Addresses and Ports</h1> +<div class="toplang"> +<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/bind.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> | +<a href="./en/bind.html" title="English"> en </a> | +<a href="./fr/bind.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | +<a href="./ja/bind.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | +<a href="./ko/bind.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | +<a href="./tr/bind.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> +</div> + + <p>Configuring Apache HTTP Server to listen on specific addresses and ports.</p> + </div> +<div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#overview">Overview</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#reload">Changing Listen configuration on restart</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ipv6">Special IPv6 Considerations</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#protocol">Specifying the protocol with Listen</a></li> +<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualhost">How This Works With Virtual Hosts</a></li> +</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="vhosts/">Virtual Hosts</a></li><li><a href="dns-caveats.html">DNS Issues</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> +<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="overview" id="overview">Overview</a></h2> + + + <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/core.html">core</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html">mpm_common</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table> + + + <p>When httpd starts, it binds to some port and address on + the local machine and waits for incoming requests. By default, + it listens to all addresses on the machine. However, it may need to + be told to listen on specific ports, or only on selected + addresses, or a combination of both. This is often combined with the + <a href="vhosts/">Virtual Host</a> feature, which determines how + <code>httpd</code> responds to different IP addresses, hostnames and + ports.</p> + + <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> + directive tells the server to accept + incoming requests only on the specified port(s) or + address-and-port combinations. If only a port number is + specified in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> + directive, the server listens to the given port on all interfaces. + If an IP address is given as well as a port, the server will listen + on the given port and interface. Multiple <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives may be used to + specify a number of addresses and ports to listen on. The + server will respond to requests from any of the listed + addresses and ports.</p> + + <p>For example, to make the server accept connections on both + port 80 and port 8000, on all interfaces, use:</p> + + <div class="example"><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 80 +Listen 8000</pre> +</div> + + <p>To make the server accept connections on port 80 for one interface, + and port 8000 on another, use</p> + + <div class="example"><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 192.0.2.1:80 +Listen 192.0.2.5:8000</pre> +</div> + + <p>IPv6 addresses must be enclosed in square brackets, as in the + following example:</p> + + <div class="example"><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen [2001:db8::a00:20ff:fea7:ccea]:80</pre> +</div> + + <div class="warning"><p>Overlapping <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives will result in a + fatal error which will prevent the server from starting up.</p> + + <div class="example"><p><code> + (48)Address already in use: make_sock: could not bind to address [::]:80 + </code></p></div> + + <p>See <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/CouldNotBindToAddress">the + discussion in the wiki</a> for further troubleshooting tips.</p> + +</div> + + </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="reload" id="reload">Changing Listen configuration on restart</a></h2> + + + <p>When httpd is restarted, special consideration must be made for + changes to <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives. During a restart, httpd keeps ports + bound (as in the original configuration) to avoid generating + "Connection refused" errors for any new attempts to connect to the + server. If changes are made to the set of <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives used + which conflict with the old configuration, configuration will fail + and the server will terminate.</p> + + <p>For example, changing from configuration:</p> + + <div class="example"><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 127.0.0.1:80</pre> +</div> + + <p>to the following may fail, because binding to port 80 across + all addresses conflicts with binding to port 80 on just + 127.0.0.1.</p> + + <div class="example"><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 80</pre> +</div> + + <p>To have such configuration changes take effect, it is necessary + to stop and then start the server.</p> + + </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="ipv6" id="ipv6">Special IPv6 Considerations</a></h2> + + + <p>A growing number of platforms implement IPv6, and + <a class="glossarylink" href="./glossary.html#apr" title="see glossary">APR</a> supports IPv6 on most of these platforms, + allowing httpd to allocate IPv6 sockets, and to handle requests sent + over IPv6.</p> + + <p>One complicating factor for httpd administrators is whether or + not an IPv6 socket can handle both IPv4 connections and IPv6 + connections. Handling IPv4 connections with an IPv6 socket uses + IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses, which are allowed by default on most + platforms, but are disallowed by default on FreeBSD, NetBSD, and + OpenBSD, in order to match the system-wide policy on those + platforms. On systems where it is disallowed by default, a + special <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> parameter can change this behavior + for httpd.</p> + + <p>On the other hand, on some platforms, such as Linux and Tru64, the + <strong>only</strong> way to handle both IPv6 and IPv4 is to use + mapped addresses. If you want <code>httpd</code> to handle IPv4 and IPv6 connections + with a minimum of sockets, which requires using IPv4-mapped IPv6 + addresses, specify the <code>--enable-v4-mapped</code> <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> option.</p> + + <p><code>--enable-v4-mapped</code> is the default on all platforms except + FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD, so this is probably how your httpd was + built.</p> + + <p>If you want httpd to handle IPv4 connections only, regardless of + what your platform and APR will support, specify an IPv4 address on all + <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directives, as in the + following examples:</p> + + <div class="example"><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 0.0.0.0:80 +Listen 192.0.2.1:80</pre> +</div> + + <p>If your platform supports it and you want httpd to handle IPv4 and + IPv6 connections on separate sockets (i.e., to disable IPv4-mapped + addresses), specify the <code>--disable-v4-mapped</code> <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> option. <code>--disable-v4-mapped</code> is the + default on FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD.</p> + </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="protocol" id="protocol">Specifying the protocol with Listen</a></h2> + + <p>The optional second <var>protocol</var> argument of + <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> + is not required for most + configurations. If not specified, <code>https</code> is the default for + port 443 and <code>http</code> the default for all other ports. The + protocol is used to determine which module should handle a request, and + to apply protocol specific optimizations with the + <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#acceptfilter">AcceptFilter</a></code> directive.</p> + + <p>You only need to set the protocol if you are running on non-standard + ports. For example, running an <code>https</code> site on port 8443:</p> + + <div class="example"><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 192.170.2.1:8443 https</pre> +</div> + </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> +<div class="section"> +<h2><a name="virtualhost" id="virtualhost">How This Works With Virtual Hosts</a></h2> + + + <p> The <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directive does not implement + Virtual Hosts - it only tells the + main server what addresses and ports to listen on. If no + <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> + directives are used, the server will behave + in the same way for all accepted requests. However, + <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> + can be used to specify a different behavior + for one or more of the addresses or ports. To implement a + VirtualHost, the server must first be told to listen to the + address and port to be used. Then a + <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> section + should be created for the specified address and port to set the + behavior of this virtual host. Note that if the + <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> + is set for an address and port that the + server is not listening to, it cannot be accessed.</p> + </div></div> +<div class="bottomlang"> +<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/bind.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> | +<a href="./en/bind.html" title="English"> en </a> | +<a href="./fr/bind.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | +<a href="./ja/bind.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | +<a href="./ko/bind.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | +<a href="./tr/bind.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> +</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="./images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. 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