Adding upstream version 5.10.209.upstream/5.10.209

Signed-off-by: Daniel Baumann <daniel.baumann@progress-linux.org>

1 files changed, 2914 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/pci/es1968.c b/sound/pci/es1968.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..34332d008
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/pci/es1968.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2914 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for ESS Maestro 1/2/2E Sound Card (started 21.8.99)
+ *  Copyright (c) by Matze Braun <MatzeBraun@gmx.de>.
+ *                   Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
+ *                  
+ *  Most of the driver code comes from Zach Brown(zab@redhat.com)
+ *	Alan Cox OSS Driver
+ *  Rewritted from card-es1938.c source.
+ *
+ *  TODO:
+ *   Perhaps Synth
+ *
+ *  Notes from Zach Brown about the driver code
+ *
+ *  Hardware Description
+ *
+ *	A working Maestro setup contains the Maestro chip wired to a 
+ *	codec or 2.  In the Maestro we have the APUs, the ASSP, and the
+ *	Wavecache.  The APUs can be though of as virtual audio routing
+ *	channels.  They can take data from a number of sources and perform
+ *	basic encodings of the data.  The wavecache is a storehouse for
+ *	PCM data.  Typically it deals with PCI and interracts with the
+ *	APUs.  The ASSP is a wacky DSP like device that ESS is loth
+ *	to release docs on.  Thankfully it isn't required on the Maestro
+ *	until you start doing insane things like FM emulation and surround
+ *	encoding.  The codecs are almost always AC-97 compliant codecs, 
+ *	but it appears that early Maestros may have had PT101 (an ESS
+ *	part?) wired to them.  The only real difference in the Maestro
+ *	families is external goop like docking capability, memory for
+ *	the ASSP, and initialization differences.
+ *
+ *  Driver Operation
+ *
+ *	We only drive the APU/Wavecache as typical DACs and drive the
+ *	mixers in the codecs.  There are 64 APUs.  We assign 6 to each
+ *	/dev/dsp? device.  2 channels for output, and 4 channels for
+ *	input.
+ *
+ *	Each APU can do a number of things, but we only really use
+ *	3 basic functions.  For playback we use them to convert PCM
+ *	data fetched over PCI by the wavecahche into analog data that
+ *	is handed to the codec.  One APU for mono, and a pair for stereo.
+ *	When in stereo, the combination of smarts in the APU and Wavecache
+ *	decide which wavecache gets the left or right channel.
+ *
+ *	For record we still use the old overly mono system.  For each in
+ *	coming channel the data comes in from the codec, through a 'input'
+ *	APU, through another rate converter APU, and then into memory via
+ *	the wavecache and PCI.  If its stereo, we mash it back into LRLR in
+ *	software.  The pass between the 2 APUs is supposedly what requires us
+ *	to have a 512 byte buffer sitting around in wavecache/memory.
+ *
+ *	The wavecache makes our life even more fun.  First off, it can
+ *	only address the first 28 bits of PCI address space, making it
+ *	useless on quite a few architectures.  Secondly, its insane.
+ *	It claims to fetch from 4 regions of PCI space, each 4 meg in length.
+ *	But that doesn't really work.  You can only use 1 region.  So all our
+ *	allocations have to be in 4meg of each other.  Booo.  Hiss.
+ *	So we have a module parameter, dsps_order, that is the order of
+ *	the number of dsps to provide.  All their buffer space is allocated
+ *	on open time.  The sonicvibes OSS routines we inherited really want
+ *	power of 2 buffers, so we have all those next to each other, then
+ *	512 byte regions for the recording wavecaches.  This ends up
+ *	wasting quite a bit of memory.  The only fixes I can see would be 
+ *	getting a kernel allocator that could work in zones, or figuring out
+ *	just how to coerce the WP into doing what we want.
+ *
+ *	The indirection of the various registers means we have to spinlock
+ *	nearly all register accesses.  We have the main register indirection
+ *	like the wave cache, maestro registers, etc.  Then we have beasts
+ *	like the APU interface that is indirect registers gotten at through
+ *	the main maestro indirection.  Ouch.  We spinlock around the actual
+ *	ports on a per card basis.  This means spinlock activity at each IO
+ *	operation, but the only IO operation clusters are in non critical 
+ *	paths and it makes the code far easier to follow.  Interrupts are
+ *	blocked while holding the locks because the int handler has to
+ *	get at some of them :(.  The mixer interface doesn't, however.
+ *	We also have an OSS state lock that is thrown around in a few
+ *	places.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/gameport.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/input.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/ac97_codec.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_RADIO
+#include <media/drv-intf/tea575x.h>
+#endif
+
+#define CARD_NAME "ESS Maestro1/2"
+#define DRIVER_NAME "ES1968"
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ESS Maestro");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("{{ESS,Maestro 2e},"
+		"{ESS,Maestro 2},"
+		"{ESS,Maestro 1},"
+		"{TerraTec,DMX}}");
+
+#if IS_REACHABLE(CONFIG_GAMEPORT)
+#define SUPPORT_JOYSTICK 1
+#endif
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 1-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP;	/* Enable this card */
+static int total_bufsize[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 1024 };
+static int pcm_substreams_p[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 4 };
+static int pcm_substreams_c[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 1 };
+static int clock[SNDRV_CARDS];
+static int use_pm[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 2};
+static int enable_mpu[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 2};
+#ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
+static bool joystick[SNDRV_CARDS];
+#endif
+static int radio_nr[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = -1};
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for " CARD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for " CARD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable " CARD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(total_bufsize, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(total_bufsize, "Total buffer size in kB.");
+module_param_array(pcm_substreams_p, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(pcm_substreams_p, "PCM Playback substreams for " CARD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(pcm_substreams_c, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(pcm_substreams_c, "PCM Capture substreams for " CARD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(clock, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(clock, "Clock on " CARD_NAME " soundcard.  (0 = auto-detect)");
+module_param_array(use_pm, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_pm, "Toggle power-management.  (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto)");
+module_param_array(enable_mpu, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable_mpu, "Enable MPU401.  (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto)");
+#ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
+module_param_array(joystick, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(joystick, "Enable joystick.");
+#endif
+module_param_array(radio_nr, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(radio_nr, "Radio device numbers");
+
+
+
+#define NR_APUS			64
+#define NR_APU_REGS		16
+
+/* NEC Versas ? */
+#define NEC_VERSA_SUBID1	0x80581033
+#define NEC_VERSA_SUBID2	0x803c1033
+
+/* Mode Flags */
+#define ESS_FMT_STEREO     	0x01
+#define ESS_FMT_16BIT      	0x02
+
+#define DAC_RUNNING		1
+#define ADC_RUNNING		2
+
+/* Values for the ESM_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONTROL */
+
+#define ESS_DISABLE_AUDIO	0x8000
+#define ESS_ENABLE_SERIAL_IRQ	0x4000
+#define IO_ADRESS_ALIAS		0x0020
+#define MPU401_IRQ_ENABLE	0x0010
+#define MPU401_IO_ENABLE	0x0008
+#define GAME_IO_ENABLE		0x0004
+#define FM_IO_ENABLE		0x0002
+#define SB_IO_ENABLE		0x0001
+
+/* Values for the ESM_CONFIG_A */
+
+#define PIC_SNOOP1		0x4000
+#define PIC_SNOOP2		0x2000
+#define SAFEGUARD		0x0800
+#define DMA_CLEAR		0x0700
+#define DMA_DDMA		0x0000
+#define DMA_TDMA		0x0100
+#define DMA_PCPCI		0x0200
+#define POST_WRITE		0x0080
+#define PCI_TIMING		0x0040
+#define SWAP_LR			0x0020
+#define SUBTR_DECODE		0x0002
+
+/* Values for the ESM_CONFIG_B */
+
+#define SPDIF_CONFB		0x0100
+#define HWV_CONFB		0x0080
+#define DEBOUNCE		0x0040
+#define GPIO_CONFB		0x0020
+#define CHI_CONFB		0x0010
+#define IDMA_CONFB		0x0008	/*undoc */
+#define MIDI_FIX		0x0004	/*undoc */
+#define IRQ_TO_ISA		0x0001	/*undoc */
+
+/* Values for Ring Bus Control B */
+#define	RINGB_2CODEC_ID_MASK	0x0003
+#define RINGB_DIS_VALIDATION	0x0008
+#define RINGB_EN_SPDIF		0x0010
+#define	RINGB_EN_2CODEC		0x0020
+#define RINGB_SING_BIT_DUAL	0x0040
+
+/* ****Port Addresses**** */
+
+/*   Write & Read */
+#define ESM_INDEX		0x02
+#define ESM_DATA		0x00
+
+/*   AC97 + RingBus */
+#define ESM_AC97_INDEX		0x30
+#define	ESM_AC97_DATA		0x32
+#define ESM_RING_BUS_DEST	0x34
+#define ESM_RING_BUS_CONTR_A	0x36
+#define ESM_RING_BUS_CONTR_B	0x38
+#define ESM_RING_BUS_SDO	0x3A
+
+/*   WaveCache*/
+#define WC_INDEX		0x10
+#define WC_DATA			0x12
+#define WC_CONTROL		0x14
+
+/*   ASSP*/
+#define ASSP_INDEX		0x80
+#define ASSP_MEMORY		0x82
+#define ASSP_DATA		0x84
+#define ASSP_CONTROL_A		0xA2
+#define ASSP_CONTROL_B		0xA4
+#define ASSP_CONTROL_C		0xA6
+#define ASSP_HOSTW_INDEX	0xA8
+#define ASSP_HOSTW_DATA		0xAA
+#define ASSP_HOSTW_IRQ		0xAC
+/* Midi */
+#define ESM_MPU401_PORT		0x98
+/* Others */
+#define ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ	0x18
+
+#define IDR0_DATA_PORT		0x00
+#define IDR1_CRAM_POINTER	0x01
+#define IDR2_CRAM_DATA		0x02
+#define IDR3_WAVE_DATA		0x03
+#define IDR4_WAVE_PTR_LOW	0x04
+#define IDR5_WAVE_PTR_HI	0x05
+#define IDR6_TIMER_CTRL		0x06
+#define IDR7_WAVE_ROMRAM	0x07
+
+#define WRITEABLE_MAP		0xEFFFFF
+#define READABLE_MAP		0x64003F
+
+/* PCI Register */
+
+#define ESM_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONTROL 0x40
+#define ESM_ACPI_COMMAND	0x54
+#define ESM_CONFIG_A		0x50
+#define ESM_CONFIG_B		0x52
+#define ESM_DDMA		0x60
+
+/* Bob Bits */
+#define ESM_BOB_ENABLE		0x0001
+#define ESM_BOB_START		0x0001
+
+/* Host IRQ Control Bits */
+#define ESM_RESET_MAESTRO	0x8000
+#define ESM_RESET_DIRECTSOUND   0x4000
+#define ESM_HIRQ_ClkRun		0x0100
+#define ESM_HIRQ_HW_VOLUME	0x0040
+#define ESM_HIRQ_HARPO		0x0030	/* What's that? */
+#define ESM_HIRQ_ASSP		0x0010
+#define	ESM_HIRQ_DSIE		0x0004
+#define ESM_HIRQ_MPU401		0x0002
+#define ESM_HIRQ_SB		0x0001
+
+/* Host IRQ Status Bits */
+#define ESM_MPU401_IRQ		0x02
+#define ESM_SB_IRQ		0x01
+#define ESM_SOUND_IRQ		0x04
+#define	ESM_ASSP_IRQ		0x10
+#define ESM_HWVOL_IRQ		0x40
+
+#define ESS_SYSCLK		50000000
+#define ESM_BOB_FREQ 		200
+#define ESM_BOB_FREQ_MAX	800
+
+#define ESM_FREQ_ESM1  		(49152000L / 1024L)	/* default rate 48000 */
+#define ESM_FREQ_ESM2  		(50000000L / 1024L)
+
+/* APU Modes: reg 0x00, bit 4-7 */
+#define ESM_APU_MODE_SHIFT	4
+#define ESM_APU_MODE_MASK	(0xf << 4)
+#define	ESM_APU_OFF		0x00
+#define	ESM_APU_16BITLINEAR	0x01	/* 16-Bit Linear Sample Player */
+#define	ESM_APU_16BITSTEREO	0x02	/* 16-Bit Stereo Sample Player */
+#define	ESM_APU_8BITLINEAR	0x03	/* 8-Bit Linear Sample Player */
+#define	ESM_APU_8BITSTEREO	0x04	/* 8-Bit Stereo Sample Player */
+#define	ESM_APU_8BITDIFF	0x05	/* 8-Bit Differential Sample Playrer */
+#define	ESM_APU_DIGITALDELAY	0x06	/* Digital Delay Line */
+#define	ESM_APU_DUALTAP		0x07	/* Dual Tap Reader */
+#define	ESM_APU_CORRELATOR	0x08	/* Correlator */
+#define	ESM_APU_INPUTMIXER	0x09	/* Input Mixer */
+#define	ESM_APU_WAVETABLE	0x0A	/* Wave Table Mode */
+#define	ESM_APU_SRCONVERTOR	0x0B	/* Sample Rate Convertor */
+#define	ESM_APU_16BITPINGPONG	0x0C	/* 16-Bit Ping-Pong Sample Player */
+#define	ESM_APU_RESERVED1	0x0D	/* Reserved 1 */
+#define	ESM_APU_RESERVED2	0x0E	/* Reserved 2 */
+#define	ESM_APU_RESERVED3	0x0F	/* Reserved 3 */
+
+/* reg 0x00 */
+#define ESM_APU_FILTER_Q_SHIFT		0
+#define ESM_APU_FILTER_Q_MASK		(3 << 0)
+/* APU Filtey Q Control */
+#define ESM_APU_FILTER_LESSQ	0x00
+#define ESM_APU_FILTER_MOREQ	0x03
+
+#define ESM_APU_FILTER_TYPE_SHIFT	2
+#define ESM_APU_FILTER_TYPE_MASK	(3 << 2)
+#define ESM_APU_ENV_TYPE_SHIFT		8
+#define ESM_APU_ENV_TYPE_MASK		(3 << 8)
+#define ESM_APU_ENV_STATE_SHIFT		10
+#define ESM_APU_ENV_STATE_MASK		(3 << 10)
+#define ESM_APU_END_CURVE		(1 << 12)
+#define ESM_APU_INT_ON_LOOP		(1 << 13)
+#define ESM_APU_DMA_ENABLE		(1 << 14)
+
+/* reg 0x02 */
+#define ESM_APU_SUBMIX_GROUP_SHIRT	0
+#define ESM_APU_SUBMIX_GROUP_MASK	(7 << 0)
+#define ESM_APU_SUBMIX_MODE		(1 << 3)
+#define ESM_APU_6dB			(1 << 4)
+#define ESM_APU_DUAL_EFFECT		(1 << 5)
+#define ESM_APU_EFFECT_CHANNELS_SHIFT	6
+#define ESM_APU_EFFECT_CHANNELS_MASK	(3 << 6)
+
+/* reg 0x03 */
+#define ESM_APU_STEP_SIZE_MASK		0x0fff
+
+/* reg 0x04 */
+#define ESM_APU_PHASE_SHIFT		0
+#define ESM_APU_PHASE_MASK		(0xff << 0)
+#define ESM_APU_WAVE64K_PAGE_SHIFT	8	/* most 8bit of wave start offset */
+#define ESM_APU_WAVE64K_PAGE_MASK	(0xff << 8)
+
+/* reg 0x05 - wave start offset */
+/* reg 0x06 - wave end offset */
+/* reg 0x07 - wave loop length */
+
+/* reg 0x08 */
+#define ESM_APU_EFFECT_GAIN_SHIFT	0
+#define ESM_APU_EFFECT_GAIN_MASK	(0xff << 0)
+#define ESM_APU_TREMOLO_DEPTH_SHIFT	8
+#define ESM_APU_TREMOLO_DEPTH_MASK	(0xf << 8)
+#define ESM_APU_TREMOLO_RATE_SHIFT	12
+#define ESM_APU_TREMOLO_RATE_MASK	(0xf << 12)
+
+/* reg 0x09 */
+/* bit 0-7 amplitude dest? */
+#define ESM_APU_AMPLITUDE_NOW_SHIFT	8
+#define ESM_APU_AMPLITUDE_NOW_MASK	(0xff << 8)
+
+/* reg 0x0a */
+#define ESM_APU_POLAR_PAN_SHIFT		0
+#define ESM_APU_POLAR_PAN_MASK		(0x3f << 0)
+/* Polar Pan Control */
+#define	ESM_APU_PAN_CENTER_CIRCLE		0x00
+#define	ESM_APU_PAN_MIDDLE_RADIUS		0x01
+#define	ESM_APU_PAN_OUTSIDE_RADIUS		0x02
+
+#define ESM_APU_FILTER_TUNING_SHIFT	8
+#define ESM_APU_FILTER_TUNING_MASK	(0xff << 8)
+
+/* reg 0x0b */
+#define ESM_APU_DATA_SRC_A_SHIFT	0
+#define ESM_APU_DATA_SRC_A_MASK		(0x7f << 0)
+#define ESM_APU_INV_POL_A		(1 << 7)
+#define ESM_APU_DATA_SRC_B_SHIFT	8
+#define ESM_APU_DATA_SRC_B_MASK		(0x7f << 8)
+#define ESM_APU_INV_POL_B		(1 << 15)
+
+#define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_RATE_SHIFT	0
+#define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_RATE_MASK	(0xf << 0)
+#define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_DEPTH_SHIFT	4
+#define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_DEPTH_MASK	(0xf << 4)
+#define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_PHASE_SHIFT	8
+#define ESM_APU_VIBRATO_PHASE_MASK	(0xff << 8)
+
+/* reg 0x0c */
+#define ESM_APU_RADIUS_SELECT		(1 << 6)
+
+/* APU Filter Control */
+#define	ESM_APU_FILTER_2POLE_LOPASS	0x00
+#define	ESM_APU_FILTER_2POLE_BANDPASS	0x01
+#define	ESM_APU_FILTER_2POLE_HIPASS	0x02
+#define	ESM_APU_FILTER_1POLE_LOPASS	0x03
+#define	ESM_APU_FILTER_1POLE_HIPASS	0x04
+#define	ESM_APU_FILTER_OFF		0x05
+
+/* APU ATFP Type */
+#define	ESM_APU_ATFP_AMPLITUDE			0x00
+#define	ESM_APU_ATFP_TREMELO			0x01
+#define	ESM_APU_ATFP_FILTER			0x02
+#define	ESM_APU_ATFP_PAN			0x03
+
+/* APU ATFP Flags */
+#define	ESM_APU_ATFP_FLG_OFF			0x00
+#define	ESM_APU_ATFP_FLG_WAIT			0x01
+#define	ESM_APU_ATFP_FLG_DONE			0x02
+#define	ESM_APU_ATFP_FLG_INPROCESS		0x03
+
+
+/* capture mixing buffer size */
+#define ESM_MEM_ALIGN		0x1000
+#define ESM_MIXBUF_SIZE		0x400
+
+#define ESM_MODE_PLAY		0
+#define ESM_MODE_CAPTURE	1
+
+
+/* APU use in the driver */
+enum snd_enum_apu_type {
+	ESM_APU_PCM_PLAY,
+	ESM_APU_PCM_CAPTURE,
+	ESM_APU_PCM_RATECONV,
+	ESM_APU_FREE
+};
+
+/* chip type */
+enum {
+	TYPE_MAESTRO, TYPE_MAESTRO2, TYPE_MAESTRO2E
+};
+
+/* DMA Hack! */
+struct esm_memory {
+	struct snd_dma_buffer buf;
+	int empty;	/* status */
+	struct list_head list;
+};
+
+/* Playback Channel */
+struct esschan {
+	int running;
+
+	u8 apu[4];
+	u8 apu_mode[4];
+
+	/* playback/capture pcm buffer */
+	struct esm_memory *memory;
+	/* capture mixer buffer */
+	struct esm_memory *mixbuf;
+
+	unsigned int hwptr;	/* current hw pointer in bytes */
+	unsigned int count;	/* sample counter in bytes */
+	unsigned int dma_size;	/* total buffer size in bytes */
+	unsigned int frag_size;	/* period size in bytes */
+	unsigned int wav_shift;
+	u16 base[4];		/* offset for ptr */
+
+	/* stereo/16bit flag */
+	unsigned char fmt;
+	int mode;	/* playback / capture */
+
+	int bob_freq;	/* required timer frequency */
+
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+
+	/* linked list */
+	struct list_head list;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+	u16 wc_map[4];
+#endif
+};
+
+struct es1968 {
+	/* Module Config */
+	int total_bufsize;			/* in bytes */
+
+	int playback_streams, capture_streams;
+
+	unsigned int clock;		/* clock */
+	/* for clock measurement */
+	unsigned int in_measurement: 1;
+	unsigned int measure_apu;
+	unsigned int measure_lastpos;
+	unsigned int measure_count;
+
+	/* buffer */
+	struct snd_dma_buffer dma;
+
+	/* Resources... */
+	int irq;
+	unsigned long io_port;
+	int type;
+	struct pci_dev *pci;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int do_pm;		/* power-management enabled */
+
+	/* DMA memory block */
+	struct list_head buf_list;
+
+	/* ALSA Stuff */
+	struct snd_ac97 *ac97;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+
+	spinlock_t reg_lock;
+	unsigned int in_suspend;
+
+	/* Maestro Stuff */
+	u16 maestro_map[32];
+	int bobclient;		/* active timer instancs */
+	int bob_freq;		/* timer frequency */
+	struct mutex memory_mutex;	/* memory lock */
+
+	/* APU states */
+	unsigned char apu[NR_APUS];
+
+	/* active substreams */
+	struct list_head substream_list;
+	spinlock_t substream_lock;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+	u16 apu_map[NR_APUS][NR_APU_REGS];
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
+	struct gameport *gameport;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT
+	struct input_dev *input_dev;
+	char phys[64];			/* physical device path */
+#else
+	struct snd_kcontrol *master_switch; /* for h/w volume control */
+	struct snd_kcontrol *master_volume;
+#endif
+	struct work_struct hwvol_work;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_RADIO
+	struct v4l2_device v4l2_dev;
+	struct snd_tea575x tea;
+	unsigned int tea575x_tuner;
+#endif
+};
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_es1968_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id);
+
+static const struct pci_device_id snd_es1968_ids[] = {
+	/* Maestro 1 */
+        { 0x1285, 0x0100, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_CLASS_MULTIMEDIA_AUDIO << 8, 0xffff00, TYPE_MAESTRO },
+	/* Maestro 2 */
+	{ 0x125d, 0x1968, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_CLASS_MULTIMEDIA_AUDIO << 8, 0xffff00, TYPE_MAESTRO2 },
+	/* Maestro 2E */
+        { 0x125d, 0x1978, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_CLASS_MULTIMEDIA_AUDIO << 8, 0xffff00, TYPE_MAESTRO2E },
+	{ 0, }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, snd_es1968_ids);
+
+/* *********************
+   * Low Level Funcs!  *
+   *********************/
+
+/* no spinlock */
+static void __maestro_write(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg, u16 data)
+{
+	outw(reg, chip->io_port + ESM_INDEX);
+	outw(data, chip->io_port + ESM_DATA);
+	chip->maestro_map[reg] = data;
+}
+
+static inline void maestro_write(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg, u16 data)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	__maestro_write(chip, reg, data);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+}
+
+/* no spinlock */
+static u16 __maestro_read(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg)
+{
+	if (READABLE_MAP & (1 << reg)) {
+		outw(reg, chip->io_port + ESM_INDEX);
+		chip->maestro_map[reg] = inw(chip->io_port + ESM_DATA);
+	}
+	return chip->maestro_map[reg];
+}
+
+static inline u16 maestro_read(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	u16 result;
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	result = __maestro_read(chip, reg);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	return result;
+}
+
+/* Wait for the codec bus to be free */
+static int snd_es1968_ac97_wait(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	int timeout = 100000;
+
+	while (timeout-- > 0) {
+		if (!(inb(chip->io_port + ESM_AC97_INDEX) & 1))
+			return 0;
+		cond_resched();
+	}
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "ac97 timeout\n");
+	return 1; /* timeout */
+}
+
+static int snd_es1968_ac97_wait_poll(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	int timeout = 100000;
+
+	while (timeout-- > 0) {
+		if (!(inb(chip->io_port + ESM_AC97_INDEX) & 1))
+			return 0;
+	}
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "ac97 timeout\n");
+	return 1; /* timeout */
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_ac97_write(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg, unsigned short val)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = ac97->private_data;
+
+	snd_es1968_ac97_wait(chip);
+
+	/* Write the bus */
+	outw(val, chip->io_port + ESM_AC97_DATA);
+	/*msleep(1);*/
+	outb(reg, chip->io_port + ESM_AC97_INDEX);
+	/*msleep(1);*/
+}
+
+static unsigned short snd_es1968_ac97_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg)
+{
+	u16 data = 0;
+	struct es1968 *chip = ac97->private_data;
+
+	snd_es1968_ac97_wait(chip);
+
+	outb(reg | 0x80, chip->io_port + ESM_AC97_INDEX);
+	/*msleep(1);*/
+
+	if (!snd_es1968_ac97_wait_poll(chip)) {
+		data = inw(chip->io_port + ESM_AC97_DATA);
+		/*msleep(1);*/
+	}
+
+	return data;
+}
+
+/* no spinlock */
+static void apu_index_set(struct es1968 *chip, u16 index)
+{
+	int i;
+	__maestro_write(chip, IDR1_CRAM_POINTER, index);
+	for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
+		if (__maestro_read(chip, IDR1_CRAM_POINTER) == index)
+			return;
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "APU register select failed. (Timeout)\n");
+}
+
+/* no spinlock */
+static void apu_data_set(struct es1968 *chip, u16 data)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+		if (__maestro_read(chip, IDR0_DATA_PORT) == data)
+			return;
+		__maestro_write(chip, IDR0_DATA_PORT, data);
+	}
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "APU register set probably failed (Timeout)!\n");
+}
+
+/* no spinlock */
+static void __apu_set_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 channel, u8 reg, u16 data)
+{
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(channel >= NR_APUS))
+		return;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+	chip->apu_map[channel][reg] = data;
+#endif
+	reg |= (channel << 4);
+	apu_index_set(chip, reg);
+	apu_data_set(chip, data);
+}
+
+static void apu_set_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 channel, u8 reg, u16 data)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	__apu_set_register(chip, channel, reg, data);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+}
+
+static u16 __apu_get_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 channel, u8 reg)
+{
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(channel >= NR_APUS))
+		return 0;
+	reg |= (channel << 4);
+	apu_index_set(chip, reg);
+	return __maestro_read(chip, IDR0_DATA_PORT);
+}
+
+static u16 apu_get_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 channel, u8 reg)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	u16 v;
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	v = __apu_get_register(chip, channel, reg);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	return v;
+}
+
+#if 0 /* ASSP is not supported */
+
+static void assp_set_register(struct es1968 *chip, u32 reg, u32 value)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	outl(reg, chip->io_port + ASSP_INDEX);
+	outl(value, chip->io_port + ASSP_DATA);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+}
+
+static u32 assp_get_register(struct es1968 *chip, u32 reg)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	u32 value;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	outl(reg, chip->io_port + ASSP_INDEX);
+	value = inl(chip->io_port + ASSP_DATA);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+
+	return value;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static void wave_set_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg, u16 value)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	outw(reg, chip->io_port + WC_INDEX);
+	outw(value, chip->io_port + WC_DATA);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+}
+
+static u16 wave_get_register(struct es1968 *chip, u16 reg)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	u16 value;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	outw(reg, chip->io_port + WC_INDEX);
+	value = inw(chip->io_port + WC_DATA);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+
+	return value;
+}
+
+/* *******************
+   * Bob the Timer!  *
+   *******************/
+
+static void snd_es1968_bob_stop(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	u16 reg;
+
+	reg = __maestro_read(chip, 0x11);
+	reg &= ~ESM_BOB_ENABLE;
+	__maestro_write(chip, 0x11, reg);
+	reg = __maestro_read(chip, 0x17);
+	reg &= ~ESM_BOB_START;
+	__maestro_write(chip, 0x17, reg);
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_bob_start(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	int prescale;
+	int divide;
+
+	/* compute ideal interrupt frequency for buffer size & play rate */
+	/* first, find best prescaler value to match freq */
+	for (prescale = 5; prescale < 12; prescale++)
+		if (chip->bob_freq > (ESS_SYSCLK >> (prescale + 9)))
+			break;
+
+	/* next, back off prescaler whilst getting divider into optimum range */
+	divide = 1;
+	while ((prescale > 5) && (divide < 32)) {
+		prescale--;
+		divide <<= 1;
+	}
+	divide >>= 1;
+
+	/* now fine-tune the divider for best match */
+	for (; divide < 31; divide++)
+		if (chip->bob_freq >
+		    ((ESS_SYSCLK >> (prescale + 9)) / (divide + 1))) break;
+
+	/* divide = 0 is illegal, but don't let prescale = 4! */
+	if (divide == 0) {
+		divide++;
+		if (prescale > 5)
+			prescale--;
+	} else if (divide > 1)
+		divide--;
+
+	__maestro_write(chip, 6, 0x9000 | (prescale << 5) | divide);	/* set reg */
+
+	/* Now set IDR 11/17 */
+	__maestro_write(chip, 0x11, __maestro_read(chip, 0x11) | 1);
+	__maestro_write(chip, 0x17, __maestro_read(chip, 0x17) | 1);
+}
+
+/* call with substream spinlock */
+static void snd_es1968_bob_inc(struct es1968 *chip, int freq)
+{
+	chip->bobclient++;
+	if (chip->bobclient == 1) {
+		chip->bob_freq = freq;
+		snd_es1968_bob_start(chip);
+	} else if (chip->bob_freq < freq) {
+		snd_es1968_bob_stop(chip);
+		chip->bob_freq = freq;
+		snd_es1968_bob_start(chip);
+	}
+}
+
+/* call with substream spinlock */
+static void snd_es1968_bob_dec(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	chip->bobclient--;
+	if (chip->bobclient <= 0)
+		snd_es1968_bob_stop(chip);
+	else if (chip->bob_freq > ESM_BOB_FREQ) {
+		/* check reduction of timer frequency */
+		int max_freq = ESM_BOB_FREQ;
+		struct esschan *es;
+		list_for_each_entry(es, &chip->substream_list, list) {
+			if (max_freq < es->bob_freq)
+				max_freq = es->bob_freq;
+		}
+		if (max_freq != chip->bob_freq) {
+			snd_es1968_bob_stop(chip);
+			chip->bob_freq = max_freq;
+			snd_es1968_bob_start(chip);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+snd_es1968_calc_bob_rate(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es,
+			 struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	/* we acquire 4 interrupts per period for precise control.. */
+	int freq = runtime->rate * 4;
+	if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_STEREO)
+		freq <<= 1;
+	if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_16BIT)
+		freq <<= 1;
+	freq /= es->frag_size;
+	if (freq < ESM_BOB_FREQ)
+		freq = ESM_BOB_FREQ;
+	else if (freq > ESM_BOB_FREQ_MAX)
+		freq = ESM_BOB_FREQ_MAX;
+	return freq;
+}
+
+
+/*************
+ *  PCM Part *
+ *************/
+
+static u32 snd_es1968_compute_rate(struct es1968 *chip, u32 freq)
+{
+	u32 rate = (freq << 16) / chip->clock;
+#if 0 /* XXX: do we need this? */ 
+	if (rate > 0x10000)
+		rate = 0x10000;
+#endif
+	return rate;
+}
+
+/* get current pointer */
+static inline unsigned int
+snd_es1968_get_dma_ptr(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es)
+{
+	unsigned int offset;
+
+	offset = apu_get_register(chip, es->apu[0], 5);
+
+	offset -= es->base[0];
+
+	return (offset & 0xFFFE);	/* hardware is in words */
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_apu_set_freq(struct es1968 *chip, int apu, int freq)
+{
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 2,
+			   (apu_get_register(chip, apu, 2) & 0x00FF) |
+			   ((freq & 0xff) << 8) | 0x10);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 3, freq >> 8);
+}
+
+/* spin lock held */
+static inline void snd_es1968_trigger_apu(struct es1968 *esm, int apu, int mode)
+{
+	/* set the APU mode */
+	__apu_set_register(esm, apu, 0,
+			   (__apu_get_register(esm, apu, 0) & 0xff0f) |
+			   (mode << 4));
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_pcm_start(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es)
+{
+	spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
+	__apu_set_register(chip, es->apu[0], 5, es->base[0]);
+	snd_es1968_trigger_apu(chip, es->apu[0], es->apu_mode[0]);
+	if (es->mode == ESM_MODE_CAPTURE) {
+		__apu_set_register(chip, es->apu[2], 5, es->base[2]);
+		snd_es1968_trigger_apu(chip, es->apu[2], es->apu_mode[2]);
+	}
+	if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_STEREO) {
+		__apu_set_register(chip, es->apu[1], 5, es->base[1]);
+		snd_es1968_trigger_apu(chip, es->apu[1], es->apu_mode[1]);
+		if (es->mode == ESM_MODE_CAPTURE) {
+			__apu_set_register(chip, es->apu[3], 5, es->base[3]);
+			snd_es1968_trigger_apu(chip, es->apu[3], es->apu_mode[3]);
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_pcm_stop(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es)
+{
+	spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
+	snd_es1968_trigger_apu(chip, es->apu[0], 0);
+	snd_es1968_trigger_apu(chip, es->apu[1], 0);
+	if (es->mode == ESM_MODE_CAPTURE) {
+		snd_es1968_trigger_apu(chip, es->apu[2], 0);
+		snd_es1968_trigger_apu(chip, es->apu[3], 0);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
+}
+
+/* set the wavecache control reg */
+static void snd_es1968_program_wavecache(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es,
+					 int channel, u32 addr, int capture)
+{
+	u32 tmpval = (addr - 0x10) & 0xFFF8;
+
+	if (! capture) {
+		if (!(es->fmt & ESS_FMT_16BIT))
+			tmpval |= 4;	/* 8bit */
+		if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_STEREO)
+			tmpval |= 2;	/* stereo */
+	}
+
+	/* set the wavecache control reg */
+	wave_set_register(chip, es->apu[channel] << 3, tmpval);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+	es->wc_map[channel] = tmpval;
+#endif
+}
+
+
+static void snd_es1968_playback_setup(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es,
+				      struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	u32 pa;
+	int high_apu = 0;
+	int channel, apu;
+	int i, size;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	u32 freq;
+
+	size = es->dma_size >> es->wav_shift;
+
+	if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_STEREO)
+		high_apu++;
+
+	for (channel = 0; channel <= high_apu; channel++) {
+		apu = es->apu[channel];
+
+		snd_es1968_program_wavecache(chip, es, channel, es->memory->buf.addr, 0);
+
+		/* Offset to PCMBAR */
+		pa = es->memory->buf.addr;
+		pa -= chip->dma.addr;
+		pa >>= 1;	/* words */
+
+		pa |= 0x00400000;	/* System RAM (Bit 22) */
+
+		if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_STEREO) {
+			/* Enable stereo */
+			if (channel)
+				pa |= 0x00800000;	/* (Bit 23) */
+			if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_16BIT)
+				pa >>= 1;
+		}
+
+		/* base offset of dma calcs when reading the pointer
+		   on this left one */
+		es->base[channel] = pa & 0xFFFF;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+			apu_set_register(chip, apu, i, 0x0000);
+
+		/* Load the buffer into the wave engine */
+		apu_set_register(chip, apu, 4, ((pa >> 16) & 0xFF) << 8);
+		apu_set_register(chip, apu, 5, pa & 0xFFFF);
+		apu_set_register(chip, apu, 6, (pa + size) & 0xFFFF);
+		/* setting loop == sample len */
+		apu_set_register(chip, apu, 7, size);
+
+		/* clear effects/env.. */
+		apu_set_register(chip, apu, 8, 0x0000);
+		/* set amp now to 0xd0 (?), low byte is 'amplitude dest'? */
+		apu_set_register(chip, apu, 9, 0xD000);
+
+		/* clear routing stuff */
+		apu_set_register(chip, apu, 11, 0x0000);
+		/* dma on, no envelopes, filter to all 1s) */
+		apu_set_register(chip, apu, 0, 0x400F);
+
+		if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_16BIT)
+			es->apu_mode[channel] = ESM_APU_16BITLINEAR;
+		else
+			es->apu_mode[channel] = ESM_APU_8BITLINEAR;
+
+		if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_STEREO) {
+			/* set panning: left or right */
+			/* Check: different panning. On my Canyon 3D Chipset the
+			   Channels are swapped. I don't know, about the output
+			   to the SPDif Link. Perhaps you have to change this
+			   and not the APU Regs 4-5. */
+			apu_set_register(chip, apu, 10,
+					 0x8F00 | (channel ? 0 : 0x10));
+			es->apu_mode[channel] += 1;	/* stereo */
+		} else
+			apu_set_register(chip, apu, 10, 0x8F08);
+	}
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	/* clear WP interrupts */
+	outw(1, chip->io_port + 0x04);
+	/* enable WP ints */
+	outw(inw(chip->io_port + ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ) | ESM_HIRQ_DSIE, chip->io_port + ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+
+	freq = runtime->rate;
+	/* set frequency */
+	if (freq > 48000)
+		freq = 48000;
+	if (freq < 4000)
+		freq = 4000;
+
+	/* hmmm.. */
+	if (!(es->fmt & ESS_FMT_16BIT) && !(es->fmt & ESS_FMT_STEREO))
+		freq >>= 1;
+
+	freq = snd_es1968_compute_rate(chip, freq);
+
+	/* Load the frequency, turn on 6dB */
+	snd_es1968_apu_set_freq(chip, es->apu[0], freq);
+	snd_es1968_apu_set_freq(chip, es->apu[1], freq);
+}
+
+
+static void init_capture_apu(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es, int channel,
+			     unsigned int pa, unsigned int bsize,
+			     int mode, int route)
+{
+	int i, apu = es->apu[channel];
+
+	es->apu_mode[channel] = mode;
+
+	/* set the wavecache control reg */
+	snd_es1968_program_wavecache(chip, es, channel, pa, 1);
+
+	/* Offset to PCMBAR */
+	pa -= chip->dma.addr;
+	pa >>= 1;	/* words */
+
+	/* base offset of dma calcs when reading the pointer
+	   on this left one */
+	es->base[channel] = pa & 0xFFFF;
+	pa |= 0x00400000;	/* bit 22 -> System RAM */
+
+	/* Begin loading the APU */
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+		apu_set_register(chip, apu, i, 0x0000);
+
+	/* need to enable subgroups.. and we should probably
+	   have different groups for different /dev/dsps..  */
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 2, 0x8);
+
+	/* Load the buffer into the wave engine */
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 4, ((pa >> 16) & 0xFF) << 8);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 5, pa & 0xFFFF);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 6, (pa + bsize) & 0xFFFF);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 7, bsize);
+	/* clear effects/env.. */
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 8, 0x00F0);
+	/* amplitude now?  sure.  why not.  */
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 9, 0x0000);
+	/* set filter tune, radius, polar pan */
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 10, 0x8F08);
+	/* route input */
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 11, route);
+	/* dma on, no envelopes, filter to all 1s) */
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 0, 0x400F);
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_capture_setup(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es,
+				     struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	int size;
+	u32 freq;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	size = es->dma_size >> es->wav_shift;
+
+	/* APU assignments:
+	   0 = mono/left SRC
+	   1 = right SRC
+	   2 = mono/left Input Mixer
+	   3 = right Input Mixer
+	*/
+	/* data seems to flow from the codec, through an apu into
+	   the 'mixbuf' bit of page, then through the SRC apu
+	   and out to the real 'buffer'.  ok.  sure.  */
+
+	/* input mixer (left/mono) */
+	/* parallel in crap, see maestro reg 0xC [8-11] */
+	init_capture_apu(chip, es, 2,
+			 es->mixbuf->buf.addr, ESM_MIXBUF_SIZE/4, /* in words */
+			 ESM_APU_INPUTMIXER, 0x14);
+	/* SRC (left/mono); get input from inputing apu */
+	init_capture_apu(chip, es, 0, es->memory->buf.addr, size,
+			 ESM_APU_SRCONVERTOR, es->apu[2]);
+	if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_STEREO) {
+		/* input mixer (right) */
+		init_capture_apu(chip, es, 3,
+				 es->mixbuf->buf.addr + ESM_MIXBUF_SIZE/2,
+				 ESM_MIXBUF_SIZE/4, /* in words */
+				 ESM_APU_INPUTMIXER, 0x15);
+		/* SRC (right) */
+		init_capture_apu(chip, es, 1,
+				 es->memory->buf.addr + size*2, size,
+				 ESM_APU_SRCONVERTOR, es->apu[3]);
+	}
+
+	freq = runtime->rate;
+	/* Sample Rate conversion APUs don't like 0x10000 for their rate */
+	if (freq > 47999)
+		freq = 47999;
+	if (freq < 4000)
+		freq = 4000;
+
+	freq = snd_es1968_compute_rate(chip, freq);
+
+	/* Load the frequency, turn on 6dB */
+	snd_es1968_apu_set_freq(chip, es->apu[0], freq);
+	snd_es1968_apu_set_freq(chip, es->apu[1], freq);
+
+	/* fix mixer rate at 48khz.  and its _must_ be 0x10000. */
+	freq = 0x10000;
+	snd_es1968_apu_set_freq(chip, es->apu[2], freq);
+	snd_es1968_apu_set_freq(chip, es->apu[3], freq);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	/* clear WP interrupts */
+	outw(1, chip->io_port + 0x04);
+	/* enable WP ints */
+	outw(inw(chip->io_port + ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ) | ESM_HIRQ_DSIE, chip->io_port + ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+}
+
+/*******************
+ *  ALSA Interface *
+ *******************/
+
+static int snd_es1968_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct esschan *es = runtime->private_data;
+
+	es->dma_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	es->frag_size = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+
+	es->wav_shift = 1; /* maestro handles always 16bit */
+	es->fmt = 0;
+	if (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16)
+		es->fmt |= ESS_FMT_16BIT;
+	if (runtime->channels > 1) {
+		es->fmt |= ESS_FMT_STEREO;
+		if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_16BIT) /* 8bit is already word shifted */
+			es->wav_shift++;
+	}
+	es->bob_freq = snd_es1968_calc_bob_rate(chip, es, runtime);
+
+	switch (es->mode) {
+	case ESM_MODE_PLAY:
+		snd_es1968_playback_setup(chip, es, runtime);
+		break;
+	case ESM_MODE_CAPTURE:
+		snd_es1968_capture_setup(chip, es, runtime);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1968_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct esschan *es = substream->runtime->private_data;
+
+	spin_lock(&chip->substream_lock);
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		if (es->running)
+			break;
+		snd_es1968_bob_inc(chip, es->bob_freq);
+		es->count = 0;
+		es->hwptr = 0;
+		snd_es1968_pcm_start(chip, es);
+		es->running = 1;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		if (! es->running)
+			break;
+		snd_es1968_pcm_stop(chip, es);
+		es->running = 0;
+		snd_es1968_bob_dec(chip);
+		break;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&chip->substream_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_es1968_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct esschan *es = substream->runtime->private_data;
+	unsigned int ptr;
+
+	ptr = snd_es1968_get_dma_ptr(chip, es) << es->wav_shift;
+	
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr % es->dma_size);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_es1968_playback = {
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
+               		         SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				 /*SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE |*/
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME),
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.period_bytes_min =	256,
+	.period_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_es1968_capture = {
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NONINTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
+				 /*SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE |*/
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME),
+	.formats =		/*SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 |*/ SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.period_bytes_min =	256,
+	.period_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+/* *************************
+   * DMA memory management *
+   *************************/
+
+/* Because the Maestro can only take addresses relative to the PCM base address
+   register :( */
+
+static int calc_available_memory_size(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	int max_size = 0;
+	struct esm_memory *buf;
+
+	mutex_lock(&chip->memory_mutex);
+	list_for_each_entry(buf, &chip->buf_list, list) {
+		if (buf->empty && buf->buf.bytes > max_size)
+			max_size = buf->buf.bytes;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&chip->memory_mutex);
+	if (max_size >= 128*1024)
+		max_size = 127*1024;
+	return max_size;
+}
+
+/* allocate a new memory chunk with the specified size */
+static struct esm_memory *snd_es1968_new_memory(struct es1968 *chip, int size)
+{
+	struct esm_memory *buf;
+
+	size = ALIGN(size, ESM_MEM_ALIGN);
+	mutex_lock(&chip->memory_mutex);
+	list_for_each_entry(buf, &chip->buf_list, list) {
+		if (buf->empty && buf->buf.bytes >= size)
+			goto __found;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&chip->memory_mutex);
+	return NULL;
+
+__found:
+	if (buf->buf.bytes > size) {
+		struct esm_memory *chunk = kmalloc(sizeof(*chunk), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (chunk == NULL) {
+			mutex_unlock(&chip->memory_mutex);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		chunk->buf = buf->buf;
+		chunk->buf.bytes -= size;
+		chunk->buf.area += size;
+		chunk->buf.addr += size;
+		chunk->empty = 1;
+		buf->buf.bytes = size;
+		list_add(&chunk->list, &buf->list);
+	}
+	buf->empty = 0;
+	mutex_unlock(&chip->memory_mutex);
+	return buf;
+}
+
+/* free a memory chunk */
+static void snd_es1968_free_memory(struct es1968 *chip, struct esm_memory *buf)
+{
+	struct esm_memory *chunk;
+
+	mutex_lock(&chip->memory_mutex);
+	buf->empty = 1;
+	if (buf->list.prev != &chip->buf_list) {
+		chunk = list_entry(buf->list.prev, struct esm_memory, list);
+		if (chunk->empty) {
+			chunk->buf.bytes += buf->buf.bytes;
+			list_del(&buf->list);
+			kfree(buf);
+			buf = chunk;
+		}
+	}
+	if (buf->list.next != &chip->buf_list) {
+		chunk = list_entry(buf->list.next, struct esm_memory, list);
+		if (chunk->empty) {
+			buf->buf.bytes += chunk->buf.bytes;
+			list_del(&chunk->list);
+			kfree(chunk);
+		}
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&chip->memory_mutex);
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_free_dmabuf(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	struct list_head *p;
+
+	if (! chip->dma.area)
+		return;
+	snd_dma_free_pages(&chip->dma);
+	while ((p = chip->buf_list.next) != &chip->buf_list) {
+		struct esm_memory *chunk = list_entry(p, struct esm_memory, list);
+		list_del(p);
+		kfree(chunk);
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+snd_es1968_init_dmabuf(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct esm_memory *chunk;
+
+	err = snd_dma_alloc_pages_fallback(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+					   &chip->pci->dev,
+					   chip->total_bufsize, &chip->dma);
+	if (err < 0 || ! chip->dma.area) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"can't allocate dma pages for size %d\n",
+			   chip->total_bufsize);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	if ((chip->dma.addr + chip->dma.bytes - 1) & ~((1 << 28) - 1)) {
+		snd_dma_free_pages(&chip->dma);
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "DMA buffer beyond 256MB.\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->buf_list);
+	/* allocate an empty chunk */
+	chunk = kmalloc(sizeof(*chunk), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (chunk == NULL) {
+		snd_es1968_free_dmabuf(chip);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	memset(chip->dma.area, 0, ESM_MEM_ALIGN);
+	chunk->buf = chip->dma;
+	chunk->buf.area += ESM_MEM_ALIGN;
+	chunk->buf.addr += ESM_MEM_ALIGN;
+	chunk->buf.bytes -= ESM_MEM_ALIGN;
+	chunk->empty = 1;
+	list_add(&chunk->list, &chip->buf_list);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* setup the dma_areas */
+/* buffer is extracted from the pre-allocated memory chunk */
+static int snd_es1968_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct esschan *chan = runtime->private_data;
+	int size = params_buffer_bytes(hw_params);
+
+	if (chan->memory) {
+		if (chan->memory->buf.bytes >= size) {
+			runtime->dma_bytes = size;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		snd_es1968_free_memory(chip, chan->memory);
+	}
+	chan->memory = snd_es1968_new_memory(chip, size);
+	if (chan->memory == NULL) {
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+			"cannot allocate dma buffer: size = %d\n", size);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_set_runtime_buffer(substream, &chan->memory->buf);
+	return 1; /* area was changed */
+}
+
+/* remove dma areas if allocated */
+static int snd_es1968_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct esschan *chan;
+	
+	if (runtime->private_data == NULL)
+		return 0;
+	chan = runtime->private_data;
+	if (chan->memory) {
+		snd_es1968_free_memory(chip, chan->memory);
+		chan->memory = NULL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * allocate APU pair
+ */
+static int snd_es1968_alloc_apu_pair(struct es1968 *chip, int type)
+{
+	int apu;
+
+	for (apu = 0; apu < NR_APUS; apu += 2) {
+		if (chip->apu[apu] == ESM_APU_FREE &&
+		    chip->apu[apu + 1] == ESM_APU_FREE) {
+			chip->apu[apu] = chip->apu[apu + 1] = type;
+			return apu;
+		}
+	}
+	return -EBUSY;
+}
+
+/*
+ * release APU pair
+ */
+static void snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(struct es1968 *chip, int apu)
+{
+	chip->apu[apu] = chip->apu[apu + 1] = ESM_APU_FREE;
+}
+
+
+/******************
+ * PCM open/close *
+ ******************/
+
+static int snd_es1968_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct esschan *es;
+	int apu1;
+
+	/* search 2 APUs */
+	apu1 = snd_es1968_alloc_apu_pair(chip, ESM_APU_PCM_PLAY);
+	if (apu1 < 0)
+		return apu1;
+
+	es = kzalloc(sizeof(*es), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!es) {
+		snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu1);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	es->apu[0] = apu1;
+	es->apu[1] = apu1 + 1;
+	es->apu_mode[0] = 0;
+	es->apu_mode[1] = 0;
+	es->running = 0;
+	es->substream = substream;
+	es->mode = ESM_MODE_PLAY;
+
+	runtime->private_data = es;
+	runtime->hw = snd_es1968_playback;
+	runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max = runtime->hw.period_bytes_max =
+		calc_available_memory_size(chip);
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->substream_lock);
+	list_add(&es->list, &chip->substream_list);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->substream_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1968_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct es1968 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct esschan *es;
+	int apu1, apu2;
+
+	apu1 = snd_es1968_alloc_apu_pair(chip, ESM_APU_PCM_CAPTURE);
+	if (apu1 < 0)
+		return apu1;
+	apu2 = snd_es1968_alloc_apu_pair(chip, ESM_APU_PCM_RATECONV);
+	if (apu2 < 0) {
+		snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu1);
+		return apu2;
+	}
+	
+	es = kzalloc(sizeof(*es), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!es) {
+		snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu1);
+		snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu2);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	es->apu[0] = apu1;
+	es->apu[1] = apu1 + 1;
+	es->apu[2] = apu2;
+	es->apu[3] = apu2 + 1;
+	es->apu_mode[0] = 0;
+	es->apu_mode[1] = 0;
+	es->apu_mode[2] = 0;
+	es->apu_mode[3] = 0;
+	es->running = 0;
+	es->substream = substream;
+	es->mode = ESM_MODE_CAPTURE;
+
+	/* get mixbuffer */
+	if ((es->mixbuf = snd_es1968_new_memory(chip, ESM_MIXBUF_SIZE)) == NULL) {
+		snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu1);
+		snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu2);
+		kfree(es);
+                return -ENOMEM;
+        }
+	memset(es->mixbuf->buf.area, 0, ESM_MIXBUF_SIZE);
+
+	runtime->private_data = es;
+	runtime->hw = snd_es1968_capture;
+	runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max = runtime->hw.period_bytes_max =
+		calc_available_memory_size(chip) - 1024; /* keep MIXBUF size */
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_pow2(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES);
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->substream_lock);
+	list_add(&es->list, &chip->substream_list);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->substream_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1968_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct esschan *es;
+
+	if (substream->runtime->private_data == NULL)
+		return 0;
+	es = substream->runtime->private_data;
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->substream_lock);
+	list_del(&es->list);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->substream_lock);
+	snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, es->apu[0]);
+	kfree(es);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1968_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct esschan *es;
+
+	if (substream->runtime->private_data == NULL)
+		return 0;
+	es = substream->runtime->private_data;
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->substream_lock);
+	list_del(&es->list);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->substream_lock);
+	snd_es1968_free_memory(chip, es->mixbuf);
+	snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, es->apu[0]);
+	snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, es->apu[2]);
+	kfree(es);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_es1968_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_es1968_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_es1968_playback_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_es1968_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_es1968_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_es1968_pcm_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_es1968_pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_es1968_pcm_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_es1968_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_es1968_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_es1968_capture_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_es1968_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_es1968_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_es1968_pcm_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_es1968_pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_es1968_pcm_pointer,
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * measure clock
+ */
+#define CLOCK_MEASURE_BUFSIZE	16768	/* enough large for a single shot */
+
+static void es1968_measure_clock(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	int i, apu;
+	unsigned int pa, offset, t;
+	struct esm_memory *memory;
+	ktime_t start_time, stop_time;
+	ktime_t diff;
+
+	if (chip->clock == 0)
+		chip->clock = 48000; /* default clock value */
+
+	/* search 2 APUs (although one apu is enough) */
+	if ((apu = snd_es1968_alloc_apu_pair(chip, ESM_APU_PCM_PLAY)) < 0) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "Hmm, cannot find empty APU pair!?\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	if ((memory = snd_es1968_new_memory(chip, CLOCK_MEASURE_BUFSIZE)) == NULL) {
+		dev_warn(chip->card->dev,
+			 "cannot allocate dma buffer - using default clock %d\n",
+			 chip->clock);
+		snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	memset(memory->buf.area, 0, CLOCK_MEASURE_BUFSIZE);
+
+	wave_set_register(chip, apu << 3, (memory->buf.addr - 0x10) & 0xfff8);
+
+	pa = (unsigned int)((memory->buf.addr - chip->dma.addr) >> 1);
+	pa |= 0x00400000;	/* System RAM (Bit 22) */
+
+	/* initialize apu */
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+		apu_set_register(chip, apu, i, 0x0000);
+
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 0, 0x400f);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 4, ((pa >> 16) & 0xff) << 8);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 5, pa & 0xffff);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 6, (pa + CLOCK_MEASURE_BUFSIZE/2) & 0xffff);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 7, CLOCK_MEASURE_BUFSIZE/2);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 8, 0x0000);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 9, 0xD000);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 10, 0x8F08);
+	apu_set_register(chip, apu, 11, 0x0000);
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	outw(1, chip->io_port + 0x04); /* clear WP interrupts */
+	outw(inw(chip->io_port + ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ) | ESM_HIRQ_DSIE, chip->io_port + ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ); /* enable WP ints */
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+
+	snd_es1968_apu_set_freq(chip, apu, ((unsigned int)48000 << 16) / chip->clock); /* 48000 Hz */
+
+	chip->in_measurement = 1;
+	chip->measure_apu = apu;
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	snd_es1968_bob_inc(chip, ESM_BOB_FREQ);
+	__apu_set_register(chip, apu, 5, pa & 0xffff);
+	snd_es1968_trigger_apu(chip, apu, ESM_APU_16BITLINEAR);
+	start_time = ktime_get();
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	msleep(50);
+	spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+	offset = __apu_get_register(chip, apu, 5);
+	stop_time = ktime_get();
+	snd_es1968_trigger_apu(chip, apu, 0); /* stop */
+	snd_es1968_bob_dec(chip);
+	chip->in_measurement = 0;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
+
+	/* check the current position */
+	offset -= (pa & 0xffff);
+	offset &= 0xfffe;
+	offset += chip->measure_count * (CLOCK_MEASURE_BUFSIZE/2);
+
+	diff = ktime_sub(stop_time, start_time);
+	t = ktime_to_us(diff);
+	if (t == 0) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "?? calculation error..\n");
+	} else {
+		offset *= 1000;
+		offset = (offset / t) * 1000 + ((offset % t) * 1000) / t;
+		if (offset < 47500 || offset > 48500) {
+			if (offset >= 40000 && offset <= 50000)
+				chip->clock = (chip->clock * offset) / 48000;
+		}
+		dev_info(chip->card->dev, "clocking to %d\n", chip->clock);
+	}
+	snd_es1968_free_memory(chip, memory);
+	snd_es1968_free_apu_pair(chip, apu);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ */
+
+static void snd_es1968_pcm_free(struct snd_pcm *pcm)
+{
+	struct es1968 *esm = pcm->private_data;
+	snd_es1968_free_dmabuf(esm);
+	esm->pcm = NULL;
+}
+
+static int
+snd_es1968_pcm(struct es1968 *chip, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err;
+
+	/* get DMA buffer */
+	if ((err = snd_es1968_init_dmabuf(chip)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* set PCMBAR */
+	wave_set_register(chip, 0x01FC, chip->dma.addr >> 12);
+	wave_set_register(chip, 0x01FD, chip->dma.addr >> 12);
+	wave_set_register(chip, 0x01FE, chip->dma.addr >> 12);
+	wave_set_register(chip, 0x01FF, chip->dma.addr >> 12);
+
+	if ((err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "ESS Maestro", device,
+			       chip->playback_streams,
+			       chip->capture_streams, &pcm)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	pcm->private_free = snd_es1968_pcm_free;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_es1968_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_es1968_capture_ops);
+
+	pcm->info_flags = 0;
+
+	strcpy(pcm->name, "ESS Maestro");
+
+	chip->pcm = pcm;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+/*
+ * suppress jitter on some maestros when playing stereo
+ */
+static void snd_es1968_suppress_jitter(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es)
+{
+	unsigned int cp1;
+	unsigned int cp2;
+	unsigned int diff;
+
+	cp1 = __apu_get_register(chip, 0, 5);
+	cp2 = __apu_get_register(chip, 1, 5);
+	diff = (cp1 > cp2 ? cp1 - cp2 : cp2 - cp1);
+
+	if (diff > 1)
+		__maestro_write(chip, IDR0_DATA_PORT, cp1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * update pointer
+ */
+static void snd_es1968_update_pcm(struct es1968 *chip, struct esschan *es)
+{
+	unsigned int hwptr;
+	unsigned int diff;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *subs = es->substream;
+        
+	if (subs == NULL || !es->running)
+		return;
+
+	hwptr = snd_es1968_get_dma_ptr(chip, es) << es->wav_shift;
+	hwptr %= es->dma_size;
+
+	diff = (es->dma_size + hwptr - es->hwptr) % es->dma_size;
+
+	es->hwptr = hwptr;
+	es->count += diff;
+
+	if (es->count > es->frag_size) {
+		spin_unlock(&chip->substream_lock);
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(subs);
+		spin_lock(&chip->substream_lock);
+		es->count %= es->frag_size;
+	}
+}
+
+/* The hardware volume works by incrementing / decrementing 2 counters
+   (without wrap around) in response to volume button presses and then
+   generating an interrupt. The pair of counters is stored in bits 1-3 and 5-7
+   of a byte wide register. The meaning of bits 0 and 4 is unknown. */
+static void es1968_update_hw_volume(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = container_of(work, struct es1968, hwvol_work);
+	int x, val;
+
+	/* Figure out which volume control button was pushed,
+	   based on differences from the default register
+	   values. */
+	x = inb(chip->io_port + 0x1c) & 0xee;
+	/* Reset the volume control registers. */
+	outb(0x88, chip->io_port + 0x1c);
+	outb(0x88, chip->io_port + 0x1d);
+	outb(0x88, chip->io_port + 0x1e);
+	outb(0x88, chip->io_port + 0x1f);
+
+	if (chip->in_suspend)
+		return;
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT
+	if (! chip->master_switch || ! chip->master_volume)
+		return;
+
+	val = snd_ac97_read(chip->ac97, AC97_MASTER);
+	switch (x) {
+	case 0x88:
+		/* mute */
+		val ^= 0x8000;
+		break;
+	case 0xaa:
+		/* volume up */
+		if ((val & 0x7f) > 0)
+			val--;
+		if ((val & 0x7f00) > 0)
+			val -= 0x0100;
+		break;
+	case 0x66:
+		/* volume down */
+		if ((val & 0x7f) < 0x1f)
+			val++;
+		if ((val & 0x7f00) < 0x1f00)
+			val += 0x0100;
+		break;
+	}
+	if (snd_ac97_update(chip->ac97, AC97_MASTER, val))
+		snd_ctl_notify(chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+			       &chip->master_volume->id);
+#else
+	if (!chip->input_dev)
+		return;
+
+	val = 0;
+	switch (x) {
+	case 0x88:
+		/* The counters have not changed, yet we've received a HV
+		   interrupt. According to tests run by various people this
+		   happens when pressing the mute button. */
+		val = KEY_MUTE;
+		break;
+	case 0xaa:
+		/* counters increased by 1 -> volume up */
+		val = KEY_VOLUMEUP;
+		break;
+	case 0x66:
+		/* counters decreased by 1 -> volume down */
+		val = KEY_VOLUMEDOWN;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (val) {
+		input_report_key(chip->input_dev, val, 1);
+		input_sync(chip->input_dev);
+		input_report_key(chip->input_dev, val, 0);
+		input_sync(chip->input_dev);
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * interrupt handler
+ */
+static irqreturn_t snd_es1968_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = dev_id;
+	u32 event;
+
+	if (!(event = inb(chip->io_port + 0x1A)))
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+
+	outw(inw(chip->io_port + 4) & 1, chip->io_port + 4);
+
+	if (event & ESM_HWVOL_IRQ)
+		schedule_work(&chip->hwvol_work);
+
+	/* else ack 'em all, i imagine */
+	outb(0xFF, chip->io_port + 0x1A);
+
+	if ((event & ESM_MPU401_IRQ) && chip->rmidi) {
+		snd_mpu401_uart_interrupt(irq, chip->rmidi->private_data);
+	}
+
+	if (event & ESM_SOUND_IRQ) {
+		struct esschan *es;
+		spin_lock(&chip->substream_lock);
+		list_for_each_entry(es, &chip->substream_list, list) {
+			if (es->running) {
+				snd_es1968_update_pcm(chip, es);
+				if (es->fmt & ESS_FMT_STEREO)
+					snd_es1968_suppress_jitter(chip, es);
+			}
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&chip->substream_lock);
+		if (chip->in_measurement) {
+			unsigned int curp = __apu_get_register(chip, chip->measure_apu, 5);
+			if (curp < chip->measure_lastpos)
+				chip->measure_count++;
+			chip->measure_lastpos = curp;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Mixer stuff
+ */
+
+static int
+snd_es1968_mixer(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_ac97_bus *pbus;
+	struct snd_ac97_template ac97;
+#ifndef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id elem_id;
+#endif
+	int err;
+	static const struct snd_ac97_bus_ops ops = {
+		.write = snd_es1968_ac97_write,
+		.read = snd_es1968_ac97_read,
+	};
+
+	if ((err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, NULL, &pbus)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	pbus->no_vra = 1; /* ES1968 doesn't need VRA */
+
+	memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
+	ac97.private_data = chip;
+	if ((err = snd_ac97_mixer(pbus, &ac97, &chip->ac97)) < 0)
+		return err;
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT
+	/* attach master switch / volumes for h/w volume control */
+	memset(&elem_id, 0, sizeof(elem_id));
+	elem_id.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	strcpy(elem_id.name, "Master Playback Switch");
+	chip->master_switch = snd_ctl_find_id(chip->card, &elem_id);
+	memset(&elem_id, 0, sizeof(elem_id));
+	elem_id.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	strcpy(elem_id.name, "Master Playback Volume");
+	chip->master_volume = snd_ctl_find_id(chip->card, &elem_id);
+#endif
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * reset ac97 codec
+ */
+
+static void snd_es1968_ac97_reset(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	unsigned long ioaddr = chip->io_port;
+
+	unsigned short save_ringbus_a;
+	unsigned short save_68;
+	unsigned short w;
+	unsigned int vend;
+
+	/* save configuration */
+	save_ringbus_a = inw(ioaddr + 0x36);
+
+	//outw(inw(ioaddr + 0x38) & 0xfffc, ioaddr + 0x38); /* clear second codec id? */
+	/* set command/status address i/o to 1st codec */
+	outw(inw(ioaddr + 0x3a) & 0xfffc, ioaddr + 0x3a);
+	outw(inw(ioaddr + 0x3c) & 0xfffc, ioaddr + 0x3c);
+
+	/* disable ac link */
+	outw(0x0000, ioaddr + 0x36);
+	save_68 = inw(ioaddr + 0x68);
+	pci_read_config_word(chip->pci, 0x58, &w);	/* something magical with gpio and bus arb. */
+	pci_read_config_dword(chip->pci, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID, &vend);
+	if (w & 1)
+		save_68 |= 0x10;
+	outw(0xfffe, ioaddr + 0x64);	/* unmask gpio 0 */
+	outw(0x0001, ioaddr + 0x68);	/* gpio write */
+	outw(0x0000, ioaddr + 0x60);	/* write 0 to gpio 0 */
+	udelay(20);
+	outw(0x0001, ioaddr + 0x60);	/* write 1 to gpio 1 */
+	msleep(20);
+
+	outw(save_68 | 0x1, ioaddr + 0x68);	/* now restore .. */
+	outw((inw(ioaddr + 0x38) & 0xfffc) | 0x1, ioaddr + 0x38);
+	outw((inw(ioaddr + 0x3a) & 0xfffc) | 0x1, ioaddr + 0x3a);
+	outw((inw(ioaddr + 0x3c) & 0xfffc) | 0x1, ioaddr + 0x3c);
+
+	/* now the second codec */
+	/* disable ac link */
+	outw(0x0000, ioaddr + 0x36);
+	outw(0xfff7, ioaddr + 0x64);	/* unmask gpio 3 */
+	save_68 = inw(ioaddr + 0x68);
+	outw(0x0009, ioaddr + 0x68);	/* gpio write 0 & 3 ?? */
+	outw(0x0001, ioaddr + 0x60);	/* write 1 to gpio */
+	udelay(20);
+	outw(0x0009, ioaddr + 0x60);	/* write 9 to gpio */
+	msleep(500);
+	//outw(inw(ioaddr + 0x38) & 0xfffc, ioaddr + 0x38);
+	outw(inw(ioaddr + 0x3a) & 0xfffc, ioaddr + 0x3a);
+	outw(inw(ioaddr + 0x3c) & 0xfffc, ioaddr + 0x3c);
+
+#if 0				/* the loop here needs to be much better if we want it.. */
+	dev_info(chip->card->dev, "trying software reset\n");
+	/* try and do a software reset */
+	outb(0x80 | 0x7c, ioaddr + 0x30);
+	for (w = 0;; w++) {
+		if ((inw(ioaddr + 0x30) & 1) == 0) {
+			if (inb(ioaddr + 0x32) != 0)
+				break;
+
+			outb(0x80 | 0x7d, ioaddr + 0x30);
+			if (((inw(ioaddr + 0x30) & 1) == 0)
+			    && (inb(ioaddr + 0x32) != 0))
+				break;
+			outb(0x80 | 0x7f, ioaddr + 0x30);
+			if (((inw(ioaddr + 0x30) & 1) == 0)
+			    && (inb(ioaddr + 0x32) != 0))
+				break;
+		}
+
+		if (w > 10000) {
+			outb(inb(ioaddr + 0x37) | 0x08, ioaddr + 0x37);	/* do a software reset */
+			msleep(500);	/* oh my.. */
+			outb(inb(ioaddr + 0x37) & ~0x08,
+				ioaddr + 0x37);
+			udelay(1);
+			outw(0x80, ioaddr + 0x30);
+			for (w = 0; w < 10000; w++) {
+				if ((inw(ioaddr + 0x30) & 1) == 0)
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+	if (vend == NEC_VERSA_SUBID1 || vend == NEC_VERSA_SUBID2) {
+		/* turn on external amp? */
+		outw(0xf9ff, ioaddr + 0x64);
+		outw(inw(ioaddr + 0x68) | 0x600, ioaddr + 0x68);
+		outw(0x0209, ioaddr + 0x60);
+	}
+
+	/* restore.. */
+	outw(save_ringbus_a, ioaddr + 0x36);
+
+	/* Turn on the 978 docking chip.
+	   First frob the "master output enable" bit,
+	   then set most of the playback volume control registers to max. */
+	outb(inb(ioaddr+0xc0)|(1<<5), ioaddr+0xc0);
+	outb(0xff, ioaddr+0xc3);
+	outb(0xff, ioaddr+0xc4);
+	outb(0xff, ioaddr+0xc6);
+	outb(0xff, ioaddr+0xc8);
+	outb(0x3f, ioaddr+0xcf);
+	outb(0x3f, ioaddr+0xd0);
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_reset(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	/* Reset */
+	outw(ESM_RESET_MAESTRO | ESM_RESET_DIRECTSOUND,
+	     chip->io_port + ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ);
+	udelay(10);
+	outw(0x0000, chip->io_port + ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ);
+	udelay(10);
+}
+
+/*
+ * initialize maestro chip
+ */
+static void snd_es1968_chip_init(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	struct pci_dev *pci = chip->pci;
+	int i;
+	unsigned long iobase  = chip->io_port;
+	u16 w;
+	u32 n;
+
+	/* We used to muck around with pci config space that
+	 * we had no business messing with.  We don't know enough
+	 * about the machine to know which DMA mode is appropriate, 
+	 * etc.  We were guessing wrong on some machines and making
+	 * them unhappy.  We now trust in the BIOS to do things right,
+	 * which almost certainly means a new host of problems will
+	 * arise with broken BIOS implementations.  screw 'em. 
+	 * We're already intolerant of machines that don't assign
+	 * IRQs.
+	 */
+	
+	/* Config Reg A */
+	pci_read_config_word(pci, ESM_CONFIG_A, &w);
+
+	w &= ~DMA_CLEAR;	/* Clear DMA bits */
+	w &= ~(PIC_SNOOP1 | PIC_SNOOP2);	/* Clear Pic Snoop Mode Bits */
+	w &= ~SAFEGUARD;	/* Safeguard off */
+	w |= POST_WRITE;	/* Posted write */
+	w |= PCI_TIMING;	/* PCI timing on */
+	/* XXX huh?  claims to be reserved.. */
+	w &= ~SWAP_LR;		/* swap left/right 
+				   seems to only have effect on SB
+				   Emulation */
+	w &= ~SUBTR_DECODE;	/* Subtractive decode off */
+
+	pci_write_config_word(pci, ESM_CONFIG_A, w);
+
+	/* Config Reg B */
+
+	pci_read_config_word(pci, ESM_CONFIG_B, &w);
+
+	w &= ~(1 << 15);	/* Turn off internal clock multiplier */
+	/* XXX how do we know which to use? */
+	w &= ~(1 << 14);	/* External clock */
+
+	w &= ~SPDIF_CONFB;	/* disable S/PDIF output */
+	w |= HWV_CONFB;		/* HWV on */
+	w |= DEBOUNCE;		/* Debounce off: easier to push the HW buttons */
+	w &= ~GPIO_CONFB;	/* GPIO 4:5 */
+	w |= CHI_CONFB;		/* Disconnect from the CHI.  Enabling this made a dell 7500 work. */
+	w &= ~IDMA_CONFB;	/* IDMA off (undocumented) */
+	w &= ~MIDI_FIX;		/* MIDI fix off (undoc) */
+	w &= ~(1 << 1);		/* reserved, always write 0 */
+	w &= ~IRQ_TO_ISA;	/* IRQ to ISA off (undoc) */
+
+	pci_write_config_word(pci, ESM_CONFIG_B, w);
+
+	/* DDMA off */
+
+	pci_read_config_word(pci, ESM_DDMA, &w);
+	w &= ~(1 << 0);
+	pci_write_config_word(pci, ESM_DDMA, w);
+
+	/*
+	 *	Legacy mode
+	 */
+
+	pci_read_config_word(pci, ESM_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONTROL, &w);
+
+	w |= ESS_DISABLE_AUDIO;	/* Disable Legacy Audio */
+	w &= ~ESS_ENABLE_SERIAL_IRQ;	/* Disable SIRQ */
+	w &= ~(0x1f);		/* disable mpu irq/io, game port, fm, SB */
+
+	pci_write_config_word(pci, ESM_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONTROL, w);
+
+	/* Set up 978 docking control chip. */
+	pci_read_config_word(pci, 0x58, &w);
+	w|=1<<2;	/* Enable 978. */
+	w|=1<<3;	/* Turn on 978 hardware volume control. */
+	w&=~(1<<11);	/* Turn on 978 mixer volume control. */
+	pci_write_config_word(pci, 0x58, w);
+	
+	/* Sound Reset */
+
+	snd_es1968_reset(chip);
+
+	/*
+	 *	Ring Bus Setup
+	 */
+
+	/* setup usual 0x34 stuff.. 0x36 may be chip specific */
+	outw(0xC090, iobase + ESM_RING_BUS_DEST); /* direct sound, stereo */
+	udelay(20);
+	outw(0x3000, iobase + ESM_RING_BUS_CONTR_A); /* enable ringbus/serial */
+	udelay(20);
+
+	/*
+	 *	Reset the CODEC
+	 */
+	 
+	snd_es1968_ac97_reset(chip);
+
+	/* Ring Bus Control B */
+
+	n = inl(iobase + ESM_RING_BUS_CONTR_B);
+	n &= ~RINGB_EN_SPDIF;	/* SPDIF off */
+	//w |= RINGB_EN_2CODEC;	/* enable 2nd codec */
+	outl(n, iobase + ESM_RING_BUS_CONTR_B);
+
+	/* Set hardware volume control registers to midpoints.
+	   We can tell which button was pushed based on how they change. */
+	outb(0x88, iobase+0x1c);
+	outb(0x88, iobase+0x1d);
+	outb(0x88, iobase+0x1e);
+	outb(0x88, iobase+0x1f);
+
+	/* it appears some maestros (dell 7500) only work if these are set,
+	   regardless of whether we use the assp or not. */
+
+	outb(0, iobase + ASSP_CONTROL_B);
+	outb(3, iobase + ASSP_CONTROL_A);	/* M: Reserved bits... */
+	outb(0, iobase + ASSP_CONTROL_C);	/* M: Disable ASSP, ASSP IRQ's and FM Port */
+
+	/*
+	 * set up wavecache
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		/* Write 0 into the buffer area 0x1E0->1EF */
+		outw(0x01E0 + i, iobase + WC_INDEX);
+		outw(0x0000, iobase + WC_DATA);
+
+		/* The 1.10 test program seem to write 0 into the buffer area
+		 * 0x1D0-0x1DF too.*/
+		outw(0x01D0 + i, iobase + WC_INDEX);
+		outw(0x0000, iobase + WC_DATA);
+	}
+	wave_set_register(chip, IDR7_WAVE_ROMRAM,
+			  (wave_get_register(chip, IDR7_WAVE_ROMRAM) & 0xFF00));
+	wave_set_register(chip, IDR7_WAVE_ROMRAM,
+			  wave_get_register(chip, IDR7_WAVE_ROMRAM) | 0x100);
+	wave_set_register(chip, IDR7_WAVE_ROMRAM,
+			  wave_get_register(chip, IDR7_WAVE_ROMRAM) & ~0x200);
+	wave_set_register(chip, IDR7_WAVE_ROMRAM,
+			  wave_get_register(chip, IDR7_WAVE_ROMRAM) | ~0x400);
+
+
+	maestro_write(chip, IDR2_CRAM_DATA, 0x0000);
+	/* Now back to the DirectSound stuff */
+	/* audio serial configuration.. ? */
+	maestro_write(chip, 0x08, 0xB004);
+	maestro_write(chip, 0x09, 0x001B);
+	maestro_write(chip, 0x0A, 0x8000);
+	maestro_write(chip, 0x0B, 0x3F37);
+	maestro_write(chip, 0x0C, 0x0098);
+
+	/* parallel in, has something to do with recording :) */
+	maestro_write(chip, 0x0C,
+		      (maestro_read(chip, 0x0C) & ~0xF000) | 0x8000);
+	/* parallel out */
+	maestro_write(chip, 0x0C,
+		      (maestro_read(chip, 0x0C) & ~0x0F00) | 0x0500);
+
+	maestro_write(chip, 0x0D, 0x7632);
+
+	/* Wave cache control on - test off, sg off, 
+	   enable, enable extra chans 1Mb */
+
+	w = inw(iobase + WC_CONTROL);
+
+	w &= ~0xFA00;		/* Seems to be reserved? I don't know */
+	w |= 0xA000;		/* reserved... I don't know */
+	w &= ~0x0200;		/* Channels 56,57,58,59 as Extra Play,Rec Channel enable
+				   Seems to crash the Computer if enabled... */
+	w |= 0x0100;		/* Wave Cache Operation Enabled */
+	w |= 0x0080;		/* Channels 60/61 as Placback/Record enabled */
+	w &= ~0x0060;		/* Clear Wavtable Size */
+	w |= 0x0020;		/* Wavetable Size : 1MB */
+	/* Bit 4 is reserved */
+	w &= ~0x000C;		/* DMA Stuff? I don't understand what the datasheet means */
+	/* Bit 1 is reserved */
+	w &= ~0x0001;		/* Test Mode off */
+
+	outw(w, iobase + WC_CONTROL);
+
+	/* Now clear the APU control ram */
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_APUS; i++) {
+		for (w = 0; w < NR_APU_REGS; w++)
+			apu_set_register(chip, i, w, 0);
+
+	}
+}
+
+/* Enable IRQ's */
+static void snd_es1968_start_irq(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	unsigned short w;
+	w = ESM_HIRQ_DSIE | ESM_HIRQ_HW_VOLUME;
+	if (chip->rmidi)
+		w |= ESM_HIRQ_MPU401;
+	outb(w, chip->io_port + 0x1A);
+	outw(w, chip->io_port + ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
+/*
+ * PM support
+ */
+static int es1968_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct es1968 *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	if (! chip->do_pm)
+		return 0;
+
+	chip->in_suspend = 1;
+	cancel_work_sync(&chip->hwvol_work);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	snd_ac97_suspend(chip->ac97);
+	snd_es1968_bob_stop(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int es1968_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct es1968 *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct esschan *es;
+
+	if (! chip->do_pm)
+		return 0;
+
+	snd_es1968_chip_init(chip);
+
+	/* need to restore the base pointers.. */ 
+	if (chip->dma.addr) {
+		/* set PCMBAR */
+		wave_set_register(chip, 0x01FC, chip->dma.addr >> 12);
+	}
+
+	snd_es1968_start_irq(chip);
+
+	/* restore ac97 state */
+	snd_ac97_resume(chip->ac97);
+
+	list_for_each_entry(es, &chip->substream_list, list) {
+		switch (es->mode) {
+		case ESM_MODE_PLAY:
+			snd_es1968_playback_setup(chip, es, es->substream->runtime);
+			break;
+		case ESM_MODE_CAPTURE:
+			snd_es1968_capture_setup(chip, es, es->substream->runtime);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* start timer again */
+	if (chip->bobclient)
+		snd_es1968_bob_start(chip);
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	chip->in_suspend = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(es1968_pm, es1968_suspend, es1968_resume);
+#define ES1968_PM_OPS	&es1968_pm
+#else
+#define ES1968_PM_OPS	NULL
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */
+
+#ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
+#define JOYSTICK_ADDR	0x200
+static int snd_es1968_create_gameport(struct es1968 *chip, int dev)
+{
+	struct gameport *gp;
+	struct resource *r;
+	u16 val;
+
+	if (!joystick[dev])
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	r = request_region(JOYSTICK_ADDR, 8, "ES1968 gameport");
+	if (!r)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	chip->gameport = gp = gameport_allocate_port();
+	if (!gp) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"cannot allocate memory for gameport\n");
+		release_and_free_resource(r);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	pci_read_config_word(chip->pci, ESM_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONTROL, &val);
+	pci_write_config_word(chip->pci, ESM_LEGACY_AUDIO_CONTROL, val | 0x04);
+
+	gameport_set_name(gp, "ES1968 Gameport");
+	gameport_set_phys(gp, "pci%s/gameport0", pci_name(chip->pci));
+	gameport_set_dev_parent(gp, &chip->pci->dev);
+	gp->io = JOYSTICK_ADDR;
+	gameport_set_port_data(gp, r);
+
+	gameport_register_port(gp);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_free_gameport(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	if (chip->gameport) {
+		struct resource *r = gameport_get_port_data(chip->gameport);
+
+		gameport_unregister_port(chip->gameport);
+		chip->gameport = NULL;
+
+		release_and_free_resource(r);
+	}
+}
+#else
+static inline int snd_es1968_create_gameport(struct es1968 *chip, int dev) { return -ENOSYS; }
+static inline void snd_es1968_free_gameport(struct es1968 *chip) { }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT
+static int snd_es1968_input_register(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	struct input_dev *input_dev;
+	int err;
+
+	input_dev = input_allocate_device();
+	if (!input_dev)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	snprintf(chip->phys, sizeof(chip->phys), "pci-%s/input0",
+		 pci_name(chip->pci));
+
+	input_dev->name = chip->card->driver;
+	input_dev->phys = chip->phys;
+	input_dev->id.bustype = BUS_PCI;
+	input_dev->id.vendor  = chip->pci->vendor;
+	input_dev->id.product = chip->pci->device;
+	input_dev->dev.parent = &chip->pci->dev;
+
+	__set_bit(EV_KEY, input_dev->evbit);
+	__set_bit(KEY_MUTE, input_dev->keybit);
+	__set_bit(KEY_VOLUMEDOWN, input_dev->keybit);
+	__set_bit(KEY_VOLUMEUP, input_dev->keybit);
+
+	err = input_register_device(input_dev);
+	if (err) {
+		input_free_device(input_dev);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	chip->input_dev = input_dev;
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_RADIO
+#define GPIO_DATA	0x60
+#define IO_MASK		4      /* mask      register offset from GPIO_DATA
+				bits 1=unmask write to given bit */
+#define IO_DIR		8      /* direction register offset from GPIO_DATA
+				bits 0/1=read/write direction */
+
+/* GPIO to TEA575x maps */
+struct snd_es1968_tea575x_gpio {
+	u8 data, clk, wren, most;
+	char *name;
+};
+
+static const struct snd_es1968_tea575x_gpio snd_es1968_tea575x_gpios[] = {
+	{ .data = 6, .clk = 7, .wren = 8, .most = 9, .name = "SF64-PCE2" },
+	{ .data = 7, .clk = 8, .wren = 6, .most = 10, .name = "M56VAP" },
+};
+
+#define get_tea575x_gpio(chip) \
+	(&snd_es1968_tea575x_gpios[(chip)->tea575x_tuner])
+
+
+static void snd_es1968_tea575x_set_pins(struct snd_tea575x *tea, u8 pins)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = tea->private_data;
+	struct snd_es1968_tea575x_gpio gpio = *get_tea575x_gpio(chip);
+	u16 val = 0;
+
+	val |= (pins & TEA575X_DATA) ? (1 << gpio.data) : 0;
+	val |= (pins & TEA575X_CLK)  ? (1 << gpio.clk)  : 0;
+	val |= (pins & TEA575X_WREN) ? (1 << gpio.wren) : 0;
+
+	outw(val, chip->io_port + GPIO_DATA);
+}
+
+static u8 snd_es1968_tea575x_get_pins(struct snd_tea575x *tea)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = tea->private_data;
+	struct snd_es1968_tea575x_gpio gpio = *get_tea575x_gpio(chip);
+	u16 val = inw(chip->io_port + GPIO_DATA);
+	u8 ret = 0;
+
+	if (val & (1 << gpio.data))
+		ret |= TEA575X_DATA;
+	if (val & (1 << gpio.most))
+		ret |= TEA575X_MOST;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_tea575x_set_direction(struct snd_tea575x *tea, bool output)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = tea->private_data;
+	unsigned long io = chip->io_port + GPIO_DATA;
+	u16 odir = inw(io + IO_DIR);
+	struct snd_es1968_tea575x_gpio gpio = *get_tea575x_gpio(chip);
+
+	if (output) {
+		outw(~((1 << gpio.data) | (1 << gpio.clk) | (1 << gpio.wren)),
+			io + IO_MASK);
+		outw(odir | (1 << gpio.data) | (1 << gpio.clk) | (1 << gpio.wren),
+			io + IO_DIR);
+	} else {
+		outw(~((1 << gpio.clk) | (1 << gpio.wren) | (1 << gpio.data) | (1 << gpio.most)),
+			io + IO_MASK);
+		outw((odir & ~((1 << gpio.data) | (1 << gpio.most)))
+			| (1 << gpio.clk) | (1 << gpio.wren), io + IO_DIR);
+	}
+}
+
+static const struct snd_tea575x_ops snd_es1968_tea_ops = {
+	.set_pins = snd_es1968_tea575x_set_pins,
+	.get_pins = snd_es1968_tea575x_get_pins,
+	.set_direction = snd_es1968_tea575x_set_direction,
+};
+#endif
+
+static int snd_es1968_free(struct es1968 *chip)
+{
+	cancel_work_sync(&chip->hwvol_work);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT
+	if (chip->input_dev)
+		input_unregister_device(chip->input_dev);
+#endif
+
+	if (chip->io_port) {
+		outw(1, chip->io_port + 0x04); /* clear WP interrupts */
+		outw(0, chip->io_port + ESM_PORT_HOST_IRQ); /* disable IRQ */
+	}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_RADIO
+	snd_tea575x_exit(&chip->tea);
+	v4l2_device_unregister(&chip->v4l2_dev);
+#endif
+
+	if (chip->irq >= 0)
+		free_irq(chip->irq, chip);
+	snd_es1968_free_gameport(chip);
+	pci_release_regions(chip->pci);
+	pci_disable_device(chip->pci);
+	kfree(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1968_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct es1968 *chip = device->device_data;
+	return snd_es1968_free(chip);
+}
+
+struct ess_device_list {
+	unsigned short type;	/* chip type */
+	unsigned short vendor;	/* subsystem vendor id */
+};
+
+static const struct ess_device_list pm_allowlist[] = {
+	{ TYPE_MAESTRO2E, 0x0e11 },	/* Compaq Armada */
+	{ TYPE_MAESTRO2E, 0x1028 },
+	{ TYPE_MAESTRO2E, 0x103c },
+	{ TYPE_MAESTRO2E, 0x1179 },
+	{ TYPE_MAESTRO2E, 0x14c0 },	/* HP omnibook 4150 */
+	{ TYPE_MAESTRO2E, 0x1558 },
+	{ TYPE_MAESTRO2E, 0x125d },	/* a PCI card, e.g. Terratec DMX */
+	{ TYPE_MAESTRO2, 0x125d },	/* a PCI card, e.g. SF64-PCE2 */
+};
+
+static const struct ess_device_list mpu_denylist[] = {
+	{ TYPE_MAESTRO2, 0x125d },
+};
+
+static int snd_es1968_create(struct snd_card *card,
+			     struct pci_dev *pci,
+			     int total_bufsize,
+			     int play_streams,
+			     int capt_streams,
+			     int chip_type,
+			     int do_pm,
+			     int radio_nr,
+			     struct es1968 **chip_ret)
+{
+	static const struct snd_device_ops ops = {
+		.dev_free =	snd_es1968_dev_free,
+	};
+	struct es1968 *chip;
+	int i, err;
+
+	*chip_ret = NULL;
+
+	/* enable PCI device */
+	if ((err = pci_enable_device(pci)) < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* check, if we can restrict PCI DMA transfers to 28 bits */
+	if (dma_set_mask(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(28)) < 0 ||
+	    dma_set_coherent_mask(&pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(28)) < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev,
+			"architecture does not support 28bit PCI busmaster DMA\n");
+		pci_disable_device(pci);
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (! chip) {
+		pci_disable_device(pci);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	/* Set Vars */
+	chip->type = chip_type;
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->substream_lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->buf_list);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->substream_list);
+	mutex_init(&chip->memory_mutex);
+	INIT_WORK(&chip->hwvol_work, es1968_update_hw_volume);
+	chip->card = card;
+	chip->pci = pci;
+	chip->irq = -1;
+	chip->total_bufsize = total_bufsize;	/* in bytes */
+	chip->playback_streams = play_streams;
+	chip->capture_streams = capt_streams;
+
+	if ((err = pci_request_regions(pci, "ESS Maestro")) < 0) {
+		kfree(chip);
+		pci_disable_device(pci);
+		return err;
+	}
+	chip->io_port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
+	if (request_irq(pci->irq, snd_es1968_interrupt, IRQF_SHARED,
+			KBUILD_MODNAME, chip)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
+		snd_es1968_free(chip);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->irq = pci->irq;
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+	        
+	/* Clear Maestro_map */
+	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++)
+		chip->maestro_map[i] = 0;
+
+	/* Clear Apu Map */
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_APUS; i++)
+		chip->apu[i] = ESM_APU_FREE;
+
+	/* just to be sure */
+	pci_set_master(pci);
+
+	if (do_pm > 1) {
+		/* disable power-management if not on the allowlist */
+		unsigned short vend;
+		pci_read_config_word(chip->pci, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID, &vend);
+		for (i = 0; i < (int)ARRAY_SIZE(pm_allowlist); i++) {
+			if (chip->type == pm_allowlist[i].type &&
+			    vend == pm_allowlist[i].vendor) {
+				do_pm = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (do_pm > 1) {
+			/* not matched; disabling pm */
+			dev_info(card->dev, "not attempting power management.\n");
+			do_pm = 0;
+		}
+	}
+	chip->do_pm = do_pm;
+
+	snd_es1968_chip_init(chip);
+
+	if ((err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops)) < 0) {
+		snd_es1968_free(chip);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_RADIO
+	/* don't play with GPIOs on laptops */
+	if (chip->pci->subsystem_vendor != 0x125d)
+		goto no_radio;
+	err = v4l2_device_register(&pci->dev, &chip->v4l2_dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_es1968_free(chip);
+		return err;
+	}
+	chip->tea.v4l2_dev = &chip->v4l2_dev;
+	chip->tea.private_data = chip;
+	chip->tea.radio_nr = radio_nr;
+	chip->tea.ops = &snd_es1968_tea_ops;
+	sprintf(chip->tea.bus_info, "PCI:%s", pci_name(pci));
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es1968_tea575x_gpios); i++) {
+		chip->tea575x_tuner = i;
+		if (!snd_tea575x_init(&chip->tea, THIS_MODULE)) {
+			dev_info(card->dev, "detected TEA575x radio type %s\n",
+				   get_tea575x_gpio(chip)->name);
+			strlcpy(chip->tea.card, get_tea575x_gpio(chip)->name,
+				sizeof(chip->tea.card));
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+no_radio:
+#endif
+
+	*chip_ret = chip;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ */
+static int snd_es1968_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
+			    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct es1968 *chip;
+	unsigned int i;
+	int err;
+
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if (!enable[dev]) {
+		dev++;
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_card_new(&pci->dev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+			   0, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+                
+	if (total_bufsize[dev] < 128)
+		total_bufsize[dev] = 128;
+	if (total_bufsize[dev] > 4096)
+		total_bufsize[dev] = 4096;
+	if ((err = snd_es1968_create(card, pci,
+				     total_bufsize[dev] * 1024, /* in bytes */
+				     pcm_substreams_p[dev], 
+				     pcm_substreams_c[dev],
+				     pci_id->driver_data,
+				     use_pm[dev],
+				     radio_nr[dev],
+				     &chip)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	card->private_data = chip;
+
+	switch (chip->type) {
+	case TYPE_MAESTRO2E:
+		strcpy(card->driver, "ES1978");
+		strcpy(card->shortname, "ESS ES1978 (Maestro 2E)");
+		break;
+	case TYPE_MAESTRO2:
+		strcpy(card->driver, "ES1968");
+		strcpy(card->shortname, "ESS ES1968 (Maestro 2)");
+		break;
+	case TYPE_MAESTRO:
+		strcpy(card->driver, "ESM1");
+		strcpy(card->shortname, "ESS Maestro 1");
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if ((err = snd_es1968_pcm(chip, 0)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	if ((err = snd_es1968_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	if (enable_mpu[dev] == 2) {
+		/* check the deny list */
+		unsigned short vend;
+		pci_read_config_word(chip->pci, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID, &vend);
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mpu_denylist); i++) {
+			if (chip->type == mpu_denylist[i].type &&
+			    vend == mpu_denylist[i].vendor) {
+				enable_mpu[dev] = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (enable_mpu[dev]) {
+		if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+					       chip->io_port + ESM_MPU401_PORT,
+					       MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
+					       MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
+					       -1, &chip->rmidi)) < 0) {
+			dev_warn(card->dev, "skipping MPU-401 MIDI support..\n");
+		}
+	}
+
+	snd_es1968_create_gameport(chip, dev);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_ES1968_INPUT
+	err = snd_es1968_input_register(chip);
+	if (err)
+		dev_warn(card->dev,
+			 "Input device registration failed with error %i", err);
+#endif
+
+	snd_es1968_start_irq(chip);
+
+	chip->clock = clock[dev];
+	if (! chip->clock)
+		es1968_measure_clock(chip);
+
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %i",
+		card->shortname, chip->io_port, chip->irq);
+
+	if ((err = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
+		snd_card_free(card);
+		return err;
+	}
+	pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_es1968_remove(struct pci_dev *pci)
+{
+	snd_card_free(pci_get_drvdata(pci));
+}
+
+static struct pci_driver es1968_driver = {
+	.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
+	.id_table = snd_es1968_ids,
+	.probe = snd_es1968_probe,
+	.remove = snd_es1968_remove,
+	.driver = {
+		.pm = ES1968_PM_OPS,
+	},
+};
+
+module_pci_driver(es1968_driver);