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diff --git a/Documentation/sound/cards/sb-live-mixer.rst b/Documentation/sound/cards/sb-live-mixer.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2ce41d382 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/sound/cards/sb-live-mixer.rst @@ -0,0 +1,373 @@ +=========================================== +Sound Blaster Live mixer / default DSP code +=========================================== + + +The EMU10K1 chips have a DSP part which can be programmed to support +various ways of sample processing, which is described here. +(This article does not deal with the overall functionality of the +EMU10K1 chips. See the manuals section for further details.) + +The ALSA driver programs this portion of chip by default code +(can be altered later) which offers the following functionality: + + +IEC958 (S/PDIF) raw PCM +======================= + +This PCM device (it's the 4th PCM device (index 3!) and first subdevice +(index 0) for a given card) allows to forward 48kHz, stereo, 16-bit +little endian streams without any modifications to the digital output +(coaxial or optical). The universal interface allows the creation of up +to 8 raw PCM devices operating at 48kHz, 16-bit little endian. It would +be easy to add support for multichannel devices to the current code, +but the conversion routines exist only for stereo (2-channel streams) +at the time. + +Look to tram_poke routines in lowlevel/emu10k1/emufx.c for more details. + + +Digital mixer controls +====================== + +These controls are built using the DSP instructions. They offer extended +functionality. Only the default build-in code in the ALSA driver is described +here. Note that the controls work as attenuators: the maximum value is the +neutral position leaving the signal unchanged. Note that if the same destination +is mentioned in multiple controls, the signal is accumulated and can be wrapped +(set to maximal or minimal value without checking of overflow). + + +Explanation of used abbreviations: + +DAC + digital to analog converter +ADC + analog to digital converter +I2S + one-way three wire serial bus for digital sound by Philips Semiconductors + (this standard is used for connecting standalone DAC and ADC converters) +LFE + low frequency effects (subwoofer signal) +AC97 + a chip containing an analog mixer, DAC and ADC converters +IEC958 + S/PDIF +FX-bus + the EMU10K1 chip has an effect bus containing 16 accumulators. + Each of the synthesizer voices can feed its output to these accumulators + and the DSP microcontroller can operate with the resulting sum. + + +``name='Wave Playback Volume',index=0`` +--------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right PCM FX-bus +accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 0 and 1 for left and right PCM samples. +The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots of the AC97 codec. + +``name='Wave Surround Playback Volume',index=0`` +------------------------------------------------ +This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right PCM FX-bus +accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 0 and 1 for left and right PCM samples. +The result samples are forwarded to the rear I2S DACs. These DACs operates +separately (they are not inside the AC97 codec). + +``name='Wave Center Playback Volume',index=0`` +---------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right PCM FX-bus +accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 0 and 1 for left and right PCM samples. +The result is mixed to mono signal (single channel) and forwarded to +the ??rear?? right DAC PCM slot of the AC97 codec. + +``name='Wave LFE Playback Volume',index=0`` +------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right PCM FX-bus +accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 0 and 1 for left and right PCM. +The result is mixed to mono signal (single channel) and forwarded to +the ??rear?? left DAC PCM slot of the AC97 codec. + +``name='Wave Capture Volume',index=0``, ``name='Wave Capture Switch',index=0`` +------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +These controls are used to attenuate samples for left and right PCM FX-bus +accumulator. ALSA uses accumulators 0 and 1 for left and right PCM. +The result is forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture +PCM device). + +``name='Synth Playback Volume',index=0`` +---------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right MIDI FX-bus +accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 4 and 5 for left and right MIDI samples. +The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots of the AC97 codec. + +``name='Synth Capture Volume',index=0``, ``name='Synth Capture Switch',index=0`` +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +These controls are used to attenuate samples for left and right MIDI FX-bus +accumulator. ALSA uses accumulators 4 and 5 for left and right PCM. +The result is forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture +PCM device). + +``name='Surround Playback Volume',index=0`` +------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right rear PCM FX-bus +accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 2 and 3 for left and right rear PCM samples. +The result samples are forwarded to the rear I2S DACs. These DACs operate +separately (they are not inside the AC97 codec). + +``name='Surround Capture Volume',index=0``, ``name='Surround Capture Switch',index=0`` +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +These controls are used to attenuate samples for left and right rear PCM FX-bus +accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 2 and 3 for left and right rear PCM samples. +The result is forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture +PCM device). + +``name='Center Playback Volume',index=0`` +----------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate sample for center PCM FX-bus accumulator. +ALSA uses accumulator 6 for center PCM sample. The result sample is forwarded +to the ??rear?? right DAC PCM slot of the AC97 codec. + +``name='LFE Playback Volume',index=0`` +-------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate sample for center PCM FX-bus accumulator. +ALSA uses accumulator 6 for center PCM sample. The result sample is forwarded +to the ??rear?? left DAC PCM slot of the AC97 codec. + +``name='AC97 Playback Volume',index=0`` +--------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right front ADC PCM slots +of the AC97 codec. The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM +slots of the AC97 codec. + +.. note:: + This control should be zero for the standard operations, otherwise + a digital loopback is activated. + + +``name='AC97 Capture Volume',index=0`` +-------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right front ADC PCM slots +of the AC97 codec. The result is forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to +the standard capture PCM device). + +.. note:: + This control should be 100 (maximal value), otherwise no analog + inputs of the AC97 codec can be captured (recorded). + +``name='IEC958 TTL Playback Volume',index=0`` +--------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 TTL +digital inputs (usually used by a CDROM drive). The result samples are +forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots of the AC97 codec. + +``name='IEC958 TTL Capture Volume',index=0`` +-------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 TTL +digital inputs (usually used by a CDROM drive). The result samples are +forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device). + +``name='Zoom Video Playback Volume',index=0`` +--------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right zoom video +digital inputs (usually used by a CDROM drive). The result samples are +forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots of the AC97 codec. + +``name='Zoom Video Capture Volume',index=0`` +-------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right zoom video +digital inputs (usually used by a CDROM drive). The result samples are +forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device). + +``name='IEC958 LiveDrive Playback Volume',index=0`` +--------------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 optical +digital input. The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots +of the AC97 codec. + +``name='IEC958 LiveDrive Capture Volume',index=0`` +-------------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 optical +digital inputs. The result samples are forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO +(thus to the standard capture PCM device). + +``name='IEC958 Coaxial Playback Volume',index=0`` +------------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 coaxial +digital inputs. The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots +of the AC97 codec. + +``name='IEC958 Coaxial Capture Volume',index=0`` +------------------------------------------------ +This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 coaxial +digital inputs. The result samples are forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO +(thus to the standard capture PCM device). + +``name='Line LiveDrive Playback Volume',index=0``, ``name='Line LiveDrive Playback Volume',index=1`` +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC +inputs (on the LiveDrive). The result samples are forwarded to the front +DAC PCM slots of the AC97 codec. + +``name='Line LiveDrive Capture Volume',index=1``, ``name='Line LiveDrive Capture Volume',index=1`` +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC +inputs (on the LiveDrive). The result samples are forwarded to the ADC +capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device). + +``name='Tone Control - Switch',index=0`` +---------------------------------------- +This control turns the tone control on or off. The samples for front, rear +and center / LFE outputs are affected. + +``name='Tone Control - Bass',index=0`` +-------------------------------------- +This control sets the bass intensity. There is no neutral value!! +When the tone control code is activated, the samples are always modified. +The closest value to pure signal is 20. + +``name='Tone Control - Treble',index=0`` +---------------------------------------- +This control sets the treble intensity. There is no neutral value!! +When the tone control code is activated, the samples are always modified. +The closest value to pure signal is 20. + +``name='IEC958 Optical Raw Playback Switch',index=0`` +----------------------------------------------------- +If this switch is on, then the samples for the IEC958 (S/PDIF) digital +output are taken only from the raw FX8010 PCM, otherwise standard front +PCM samples are taken. + +``name='Headphone Playback Volume',index=1`` +-------------------------------------------- +This control attenuates the samples for the headphone output. + +``name='Headphone Center Playback Switch',index=1`` +--------------------------------------------------- +If this switch is on, then the sample for the center PCM is put to the +left headphone output (useful for SB Live cards without separate center/LFE +output). + +``name='Headphone LFE Playback Switch',index=1`` +------------------------------------------------ +If this switch is on, then the sample for the center PCM is put to the +right headphone output (useful for SB Live cards without separate center/LFE +output). + + +PCM stream related controls +=========================== + +``name='EMU10K1 PCM Volume',index 0-31`` +---------------------------------------- +Channel volume attenuation in range 0-0xffff. The maximum value (no +attenuation) is default. The channel mapping for three values is +as follows: + +* 0 - mono, default 0xffff (no attenuation) +* 1 - left, default 0xffff (no attenuation) +* 2 - right, default 0xffff (no attenuation) + +``name='EMU10K1 PCM Send Routing',index 0-31`` +---------------------------------------------- +This control specifies the destination - FX-bus accumulators. There are +twelve values with this mapping: + +* 0 - mono, A destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 0 +* 1 - mono, B destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 1 +* 2 - mono, C destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 2 +* 3 - mono, D destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 3 +* 4 - left, A destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 0 +* 5 - left, B destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 1 +* 6 - left, C destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 2 +* 7 - left, D destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 3 +* 8 - right, A destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 0 +* 9 - right, B destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 1 +* 10 - right, C destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 2 +* 11 - right, D destination (FX-bus 0-15), default 3 + +Don't forget that it's illegal to assign a channel to the same FX-bus accumulator +more than once (it means 0=0 && 1=0 is an invalid combination). + +``name='EMU10K1 PCM Send Volume',index 0-31`` +--------------------------------------------- +It specifies the attenuation (amount) for given destination in range 0-255. +The channel mapping is following: + +* 0 - mono, A destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation) +* 1 - mono, B destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation) +* 2 - mono, C destination attn, default 0 (mute) +* 3 - mono, D destination attn, default 0 (mute) +* 4 - left, A destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation) +* 5 - left, B destination attn, default 0 (mute) +* 6 - left, C destination attn, default 0 (mute) +* 7 - left, D destination attn, default 0 (mute) +* 8 - right, A destination attn, default 0 (mute) +* 9 - right, B destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation) +* 10 - right, C destination attn, default 0 (mute) +* 11 - right, D destination attn, default 0 (mute) + + + +MANUALS/PATENTS +=============== + +ftp://opensource.creative.com/pub/doc +------------------------------------- + +LM4545.pdf + AC97 Codec +m2049.pdf + The EMU10K1 Digital Audio Processor +hog63.ps + FX8010 - A DSP Chip Architecture for Audio Effects + + +WIPO Patents +------------ + +WO 9901813 (A1) + Audio Effects Processor with multiple asynchronous streams + (Jan. 14, 1999) + +WO 9901814 (A1) + Processor with Instruction Set for Audio Effects (Jan. 14, 1999) + +WO 9901953 (A1) + Audio Effects Processor having Decoupled Instruction + Execution and Audio Data Sequencing (Jan. 14, 1999) + + +US Patents (https://www.uspto.gov/) +----------------------------------- + +US 5925841 + Digital Sampling Instrument employing cache memory (Jul. 20, 1999) + +US 5928342 + Audio Effects Processor integrated on a single chip + with a multiport memory onto which multiple asynchronous + digital sound samples can be concurrently loaded + (Jul. 27, 1999) + +US 5930158 + Processor with Instruction Set for Audio Effects (Jul. 27, 1999) + +US 6032235 + Memory initialization circuit (Tram) (Feb. 29, 2000) + +US 6138207 + Interpolation looping of audio samples in cache connected to + system bus with prioritization and modification of bus transfers + in accordance with loop ends and minimum block sizes + (Oct. 24, 2000) + +US 6151670 + Method for conserving memory storage using a + pool of short term memory registers + (Nov. 21, 2000) + +US 6195715 + Interrupt control for multiple programs communicating with + a common interrupt by associating programs to GP registers, + defining interrupt register, polling GP registers, and invoking + callback routine associated with defined interrupt register + (Feb. 27, 2001) |