/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */ /* * ata_id - reads product/serial number from ATA drives * * Copyright © 2009-2010 David Zeuthen */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "fd-util.h" #include "libudev-util.h" #include "log.h" #include "memory-util.h" #include "udev-util.h" #define COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC (30 * 1000) static int disk_scsi_inquiry_command( int fd, void *buf, size_t buf_len) { uint8_t cdb[6] = { /* INQUIRY, see SPC-4 section 6.4 */ [0] = 0x12, /* OPERATION CODE: INQUIRY */ [3] = (buf_len >> 8), /* ALLOCATION LENGTH */ [4] = (buf_len & 0xff), }; uint8_t sense[32] = {}; struct sg_io_v4 io_v4 = { .guard = 'Q', .protocol = BSG_PROTOCOL_SCSI, .subprotocol = BSG_SUB_PROTOCOL_SCSI_CMD, .request_len = sizeof(cdb), .request = (uintptr_t) cdb, .max_response_len = sizeof(sense), .response = (uintptr_t) sense, .din_xfer_len = buf_len, .din_xferp = (uintptr_t) buf, .timeout = COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC, }; int ret; ret = ioctl(fd, SG_IO, &io_v4); if (ret != 0) { /* could be that the driver doesn't do version 4, try version 3 */ if (errno == EINVAL) { struct sg_io_hdr io_hdr = { .interface_id = 'S', .cmdp = (unsigned char*) cdb, .cmd_len = sizeof (cdb), .dxferp = buf, .dxfer_len = buf_len, .sbp = sense, .mx_sb_len = sizeof(sense), .dxfer_direction = SG_DXFER_FROM_DEV, .timeout = COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC, }; ret = ioctl(fd, SG_IO, &io_hdr); if (ret != 0) return ret; /* even if the ioctl succeeds, we need to check the return value */ if (!(io_hdr.status == 0 && io_hdr.host_status == 0 && io_hdr.driver_status == 0)) { errno = EIO; return -1; } } else return ret; } /* even if the ioctl succeeds, we need to check the return value */ if (!(io_v4.device_status == 0 && io_v4.transport_status == 0 && io_v4.driver_status == 0)) { errno = EIO; return -1; } return 0; } static int disk_identify_command( int fd, void *buf, size_t buf_len) { uint8_t cdb[12] = { /* * ATA Pass-Through 12 byte command, as described in * * T10 04-262r8 ATA Command Pass-Through * * from http://www.t10.org/ftp/t10/document.04/04-262r8.pdf */ [0] = 0xa1, /* OPERATION CODE: 12 byte pass through */ [1] = 4 << 1, /* PROTOCOL: PIO Data-in */ [2] = 0x2e, /* OFF_LINE=0, CK_COND=1, T_DIR=1, BYT_BLOK=1, T_LENGTH=2 */ [3] = 0, /* FEATURES */ [4] = 1, /* SECTORS */ [5] = 0, /* LBA LOW */ [6] = 0, /* LBA MID */ [7] = 0, /* LBA HIGH */ [8] = 0 & 0x4F, /* SELECT */ [9] = 0xEC, /* Command: ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE */ }; uint8_t sense[32] = {}; uint8_t *desc = sense + 8; struct sg_io_v4 io_v4 = { .guard = 'Q', .protocol = BSG_PROTOCOL_SCSI, .subprotocol = BSG_SUB_PROTOCOL_SCSI_CMD, .request_len = sizeof(cdb), .request = (uintptr_t) cdb, .max_response_len = sizeof(sense), .response = (uintptr_t) sense, .din_xfer_len = buf_len, .din_xferp = (uintptr_t) buf, .timeout = COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC, }; int ret; ret = ioctl(fd, SG_IO, &io_v4); if (ret != 0) { /* could be that the driver doesn't do version 4, try version 3 */ if (errno == EINVAL) { struct sg_io_hdr io_hdr = { .interface_id = 'S', .cmdp = (unsigned char*) cdb, .cmd_len = sizeof (cdb), .dxferp = buf, .dxfer_len = buf_len, .sbp = sense, .mx_sb_len = sizeof (sense), .dxfer_direction = SG_DXFER_FROM_DEV, .timeout = COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC, }; ret = ioctl(fd, SG_IO, &io_hdr); if (ret != 0) return ret; } else return ret; } if (!(sense[0] == 0x72 && desc[0] == 0x9 && desc[1] == 0x0c) && !(sense[0] == 0x70 && sense[12] == 0x00 && sense[13] == 0x1d)) { errno = EIO; return -1; } return 0; } static int disk_identify_packet_device_command( int fd, void *buf, size_t buf_len) { uint8_t cdb[16] = { /* * ATA Pass-Through 16 byte command, as described in * * T10 04-262r8 ATA Command Pass-Through * * from http://www.t10.org/ftp/t10/document.04/04-262r8.pdf */ [0] = 0x85, /* OPERATION CODE: 16 byte pass through */ [1] = 4 << 1, /* PROTOCOL: PIO Data-in */ [2] = 0x2e, /* OFF_LINE=0, CK_COND=1, T_DIR=1, BYT_BLOK=1, T_LENGTH=2 */ [3] = 0, /* FEATURES */ [4] = 0, /* FEATURES */ [5] = 0, /* SECTORS */ [6] = 1, /* SECTORS */ [7] = 0, /* LBA LOW */ [8] = 0, /* LBA LOW */ [9] = 0, /* LBA MID */ [10] = 0, /* LBA MID */ [11] = 0, /* LBA HIGH */ [12] = 0, /* LBA HIGH */ [13] = 0, /* DEVICE */ [14] = 0xA1, /* Command: ATA IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE */ [15] = 0, /* CONTROL */ }; uint8_t sense[32] = {}; uint8_t *desc = sense + 8; struct sg_io_v4 io_v4 = { .guard = 'Q', .protocol = BSG_PROTOCOL_SCSI, .subprotocol = BSG_SUB_PROTOCOL_SCSI_CMD, .request_len = sizeof (cdb), .request = (uintptr_t) cdb, .max_response_len = sizeof (sense), .response = (uintptr_t) sense, .din_xfer_len = buf_len, .din_xferp = (uintptr_t) buf, .timeout = COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC, }; int ret; ret = ioctl(fd, SG_IO, &io_v4); if (ret != 0) { /* could be that the driver doesn't do version 4, try version 3 */ if (errno == EINVAL) { struct sg_io_hdr io_hdr = { .interface_id = 'S', .cmdp = (unsigned char*) cdb, .cmd_len = sizeof (cdb), .dxferp = buf, .dxfer_len = buf_len, .sbp = sense, .mx_sb_len = sizeof (sense), .dxfer_direction = SG_DXFER_FROM_DEV, .timeout = COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MSEC, }; ret = ioctl(fd, SG_IO, &io_hdr); if (ret != 0) return ret; } else return ret; } if (!(sense[0] == 0x72 && desc[0] == 0x9 && desc[1] == 0x0c)) { errno = EIO; return -1; } return 0; } /** * disk_identify_get_string: * @identify: A block of IDENTIFY data * @offset_words: Offset of the string to get, in words. * @dest: Destination buffer for the string. * @dest_len: Length of destination buffer, in bytes. * * Copies the ATA string from @identify located at @offset_words into @dest. */ static void disk_identify_get_string( uint8_t identify[512], unsigned offset_words, char *dest, size_t dest_len) { unsigned c1; unsigned c2; while (dest_len > 0) { c1 = identify[offset_words * 2 + 1]; c2 = identify[offset_words * 2]; *dest = c1; dest++; *dest = c2; dest++; offset_words++; dest_len -= 2; } } static void disk_identify_fixup_string( uint8_t identify[512], unsigned offset_words, size_t len) { disk_identify_get_string(identify, offset_words, (char *) identify + offset_words * 2, len); } static void disk_identify_fixup_uint16 (uint8_t identify[512], unsigned offset_words) { uint16_t *p; p = (uint16_t *) identify; p[offset_words] = le16toh (p[offset_words]); } /** * disk_identify: * @fd: File descriptor for the block device. * @out_identify: Return location for IDENTIFY data. * @out_is_packet_device: Return location for whether returned data is from a IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE. * * Sends the IDENTIFY DEVICE or IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command to the * device represented by @fd. If successful, then the result will be * copied into @out_identify and @out_is_packet_device. * * This routine is based on code from libatasmart, LGPL v2.1. * * Returns: 0 if the data was successfully obtained, otherwise * non-zero with errno set. */ static int disk_identify(int fd, uint8_t out_identify[512], int *out_is_packet_device) { int ret; uint8_t inquiry_buf[36]; int peripheral_device_type; int all_nul_bytes; int n; int is_packet_device = 0; /* init results */ memzero(out_identify, 512); /* If we were to use ATA PASS_THROUGH (12) on an ATAPI device * we could accidentally blank media. This is because MMC's BLANK * command has the same op-code (0x61). * * To prevent this from happening we bail out if the device * isn't a Direct Access Block Device, e.g. SCSI type 0x00 * (CD/DVD devices are type 0x05). So we send a SCSI INQUIRY * command first... libata is handling this via its SCSI * emulation layer. * * This also ensures that we're actually dealing with a device * that understands SCSI commands. * * (Yes, it is a bit perverse that we're tunneling the ATA * command through SCSI and relying on the ATA driver * emulating SCSI well-enough...) * * (See commit 160b069c25690bfb0c785994c7c3710289179107 for * the original bug-fix and see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=556635 * for the original bug-report.) */ ret = disk_scsi_inquiry_command (fd, inquiry_buf, sizeof (inquiry_buf)); if (ret != 0) goto out; /* SPC-4, section 6.4.2: Standard INQUIRY data */ peripheral_device_type = inquiry_buf[0] & 0x1f; if (peripheral_device_type == 0x05) { is_packet_device = 1; ret = disk_identify_packet_device_command(fd, out_identify, 512); goto check_nul_bytes; } if (!IN_SET(peripheral_device_type, 0x00, 0x14)) { ret = -1; errno = EIO; goto out; } /* OK, now issue the IDENTIFY DEVICE command */ ret = disk_identify_command(fd, out_identify, 512); if (ret != 0) goto out; check_nul_bytes: /* Check if IDENTIFY data is all NUL bytes - if so, bail */ all_nul_bytes = 1; for (n = 0; n < 512; n++) { if (out_identify[n] != '\0') { all_nul_bytes = 0; break; } } if (all_nul_bytes) { ret = -1; errno = EIO; goto out; } out: if (out_is_packet_device) *out_is_packet_device = is_packet_device; return ret; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct hd_driveid id; union { uint8_t byte[512]; uint16_t wyde[256]; } identify; char model[41]; char model_enc[256]; char serial[21]; char revision[9]; const char *node = NULL; int export = 0; _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1; uint16_t word; int is_packet_device = 0; static const struct option options[] = { { "export", no_argument, NULL, 'x' }, { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' }, {} }; log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO); udev_parse_config(); log_parse_environment(); log_open(); for (;;) { int option; option = getopt_long(argc, argv, "xh", options, NULL); if (option == -1) break; switch (option) { case 'x': export = 1; break; case 'h': printf("Usage: %s [--export] [--help] \n" " -x,--export print values as environment keys\n" " -h,--help print this help text\n\n", program_invocation_short_name); return 0; } } node = argv[optind]; if (!node) { log_error("no node specified"); return 1; } fd = open(node, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_CLOEXEC); if (fd < 0) { log_error("unable to open '%s'", node); return 1; } if (disk_identify(fd, identify.byte, &is_packet_device) == 0) { /* * fix up only the fields from the IDENTIFY data that we are going to * use and copy it into the hd_driveid struct for convenience */ disk_identify_fixup_string(identify.byte, 10, 20); /* serial */ disk_identify_fixup_string(identify.byte, 23, 8); /* fwrev */ disk_identify_fixup_string(identify.byte, 27, 40); /* model */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 0); /* configuration */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 75); /* queue depth */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 76); /* SATA capabilities */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 82); /* command set supported */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 83); /* command set supported */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 84); /* command set supported */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 85); /* command set supported */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 86); /* command set supported */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 87); /* command set supported */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 89); /* time required for SECURITY ERASE UNIT */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 90); /* time required for enhanced SECURITY ERASE UNIT */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 91); /* current APM values */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 94); /* current AAM value */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 108); /* WWN */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 109); /* WWN */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 110); /* WWN */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 111); /* WWN */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 128); /* device lock function */ disk_identify_fixup_uint16(identify.byte, 217); /* nominal media rotation rate */ memcpy(&id, identify.byte, sizeof id); } else { /* If this fails, then try HDIO_GET_IDENTITY */ if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_GET_IDENTITY, &id) != 0) { log_debug_errno(errno, "HDIO_GET_IDENTITY failed for '%s': %m", node); return 2; } } memcpy(model, id.model, 40); model[40] = '\0'; udev_util_encode_string(model, model_enc, sizeof(model_enc)); util_replace_whitespace((char *) id.model, model, 40); util_replace_chars(model, NULL); util_replace_whitespace((char *) id.serial_no, serial, 20); util_replace_chars(serial, NULL); util_replace_whitespace((char *) id.fw_rev, revision, 8); util_replace_chars(revision, NULL); if (export) { /* Set this to convey the disk speaks the ATA protocol */ printf("ID_ATA=1\n"); if ((id.config >> 8) & 0x80) { /* This is an ATAPI device */ switch ((id.config >> 8) & 0x1f) { case 0: printf("ID_TYPE=cd\n"); break; case 1: printf("ID_TYPE=tape\n"); break; case 5: printf("ID_TYPE=cd\n"); break; case 7: printf("ID_TYPE=optical\n"); break; default: printf("ID_TYPE=generic\n"); break; } } else printf("ID_TYPE=disk\n"); printf("ID_BUS=ata\n"); printf("ID_MODEL=%s\n", model); printf("ID_MODEL_ENC=%s\n", model_enc); printf("ID_REVISION=%s\n", revision); if (serial[0] != '\0') { printf("ID_SERIAL=%s_%s\n", model, serial); printf("ID_SERIAL_SHORT=%s\n", serial); } else printf("ID_SERIAL=%s\n", model); if (id.command_set_1 & (1<<5)) { printf("ID_ATA_WRITE_CACHE=1\n"); printf("ID_ATA_WRITE_CACHE_ENABLED=%d\n", (id.cfs_enable_1 & (1<<5)) ? 1 : 0); } if (id.command_set_1 & (1<<10)) { printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_HPA=1\n"); printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_HPA_ENABLED=%d\n", (id.cfs_enable_1 & (1<<10)) ? 1 : 0); /* * TODO: use the READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS command to get the native max address * so it is easy to check whether the protected area is in use. */ } if (id.command_set_1 & (1<<3)) { printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_PM=1\n"); printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_PM_ENABLED=%d\n", (id.cfs_enable_1 & (1<<3)) ? 1 : 0); } if (id.command_set_1 & (1<<1)) { printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY=1\n"); printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_ENABLED=%d\n", (id.cfs_enable_1 & (1<<1)) ? 1 : 0); printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_ERASE_UNIT_MIN=%d\n", id.trseuc * 2); if ((id.cfs_enable_1 & (1<<1))) /* enabled */ { if (id.dlf & (1<<8)) printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_LEVEL=maximum\n"); else printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_LEVEL=high\n"); } if (id.dlf & (1<<5)) printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_ENHANCED_ERASE_UNIT_MIN=%d\n", id.trsEuc * 2); if (id.dlf & (1<<4)) printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_EXPIRE=1\n"); if (id.dlf & (1<<3)) printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_FROZEN=1\n"); if (id.dlf & (1<<2)) printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SECURITY_LOCKED=1\n"); } if (id.command_set_1 & (1<<0)) { printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SMART=1\n"); printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SMART_ENABLED=%d\n", (id.cfs_enable_1 & (1<<0)) ? 1 : 0); } if (id.command_set_2 & (1<<9)) { printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_AAM=1\n"); printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_AAM_ENABLED=%d\n", (id.cfs_enable_2 & (1<<9)) ? 1 : 0); printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_AAM_VENDOR_RECOMMENDED_VALUE=%d\n", id.acoustic >> 8); printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_AAM_CURRENT_VALUE=%d\n", id.acoustic & 0xff); } if (id.command_set_2 & (1<<5)) { printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_PUIS=1\n"); printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_PUIS_ENABLED=%d\n", (id.cfs_enable_2 & (1<<5)) ? 1 : 0); } if (id.command_set_2 & (1<<3)) { printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_APM=1\n"); printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_APM_ENABLED=%d\n", (id.cfs_enable_2 & (1<<3)) ? 1 : 0); if ((id.cfs_enable_2 & (1<<3))) printf("ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_APM_CURRENT_VALUE=%d\n", id.CurAPMvalues & 0xff); } if (id.command_set_2 & (1<<0)) printf("ID_ATA_DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE=1\n"); /* * Word 76 indicates the capabilities of a SATA device. A PATA device shall set * word 76 to 0000h or FFFFh. If word 76 is set to 0000h or FFFFh, then * the device does not claim compliance with the Serial ATA specification and words * 76 through 79 are not valid and shall be ignored. */ word = identify.wyde[76]; if (!IN_SET(word, 0x0000, 0xffff)) { printf("ID_ATA_SATA=1\n"); /* * If bit 2 of word 76 is set to one, then the device supports the Gen2 * signaling rate of 3.0 Gb/s (see SATA 2.6). * * If bit 1 of word 76 is set to one, then the device supports the Gen1 * signaling rate of 1.5 Gb/s (see SATA 2.6). */ if (word & (1<<2)) printf("ID_ATA_SATA_SIGNAL_RATE_GEN2=1\n"); if (word & (1<<1)) printf("ID_ATA_SATA_SIGNAL_RATE_GEN1=1\n"); } /* Word 217 indicates the nominal media rotation rate of the device */ word = identify.wyde[217]; if (word == 0x0001) printf ("ID_ATA_ROTATION_RATE_RPM=0\n"); /* non-rotating e.g. SSD */ else if (word >= 0x0401 && word <= 0xfffe) printf ("ID_ATA_ROTATION_RATE_RPM=%d\n", word); /* * Words 108-111 contain a mandatory World Wide Name (WWN) in the NAA IEEE Registered identifier * format. Word 108 bits (15:12) shall contain 5h, indicating that the naming authority is IEEE. * All other values are reserved. */ word = identify.wyde[108]; if ((word & 0xf000) == 0x5000) { uint64_t wwwn; wwwn = identify.wyde[108]; wwwn <<= 16; wwwn |= identify.wyde[109]; wwwn <<= 16; wwwn |= identify.wyde[110]; wwwn <<= 16; wwwn |= identify.wyde[111]; printf("ID_WWN=0x%1$" PRIx64 "\n" "ID_WWN_WITH_EXTENSION=0x%1$" PRIx64 "\n", wwwn); } /* from Linux's include/linux/ata.h */ if (IN_SET(identify.wyde[0], 0x848a, 0x844a) || (identify.wyde[83] & 0xc004) == 0x4004) printf("ID_ATA_CFA=1\n"); } else { if (serial[0] != '\0') printf("%s_%s\n", model, serial); else printf("%s\n", model); } return 0; }