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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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+<body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
+<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p>
+<img alt="" src="../images/feather.png" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<div id="path">
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="../">Version 2.4</a> &gt; <a href="./">Virtual Hosts</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>VirtualHost Examples</h1>
+<div class="toplang">
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/vhosts/examples.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../fr/vhosts/examples.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français">&nbsp;fr&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../ja/vhosts/examples.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../ko/vhosts/examples.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../tr/vhosts/examples.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
+</div>
+
+
+ <p>This document attempts to answer the commonly-asked questions about
+ setting up <a href="index.html">virtual hosts</a>. These scenarios are those involving multiple
+ web sites running on a single server, via <a href="name-based.html">name-based</a> or <a href="ip-based.html">IP-based</a> virtual hosts.
+ </p>
+
+</div>
+<div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#purename">Running several name-based web
+ sites on a single IP address.</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#twoips">Name-based hosts on more than one
+ IP address.</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#intraextra">Serving the same content on
+ different IP addresses (such as an internal and external
+ address).</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#port">Running different sites on different
+ ports.</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ip">IP-based virtual hosting</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#ipport">Mixed port-based and ip-based virtual
+ hosts</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#mixed">Mixed name-based and IP-based
+ vhosts</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#proxy">Using <code>Virtual_host</code> and
+ mod_proxy together</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#default">Using <code>_default_</code>
+ vhosts</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#migrate">Migrating a name-based vhost to an
+ IP-based vhost</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#serverpath">Using the <code>ServerPath</code>
+ directive</a></li>
+</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="purename" id="purename">Running several name-based web
+ sites on a single IP address.</a></h2>
+
+ <p>Your server has multiple hostnames that resolve to a single address,
+ and you want to respond differently for <code>www.example.com</code>
+ and <code>www.example.org</code>.</p>
+
+ <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3><p>Creating virtual
+ host configurations on your Apache server does not magically
+ cause DNS entries to be created for those host names. You
+ <em>must</em> have the names in DNS, resolving to your IP
+ address, or nobody else will be able to see your web site. You
+ can put entries in your <code>hosts</code> file for local
+ testing, but that will work only from the machine with those
+ <code>hosts</code> entries.</p>
+ </div>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"># Ensure that Apache listens on port 80
+Listen 80
+&lt;VirtualHost *:80&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example1"
+ ServerName www.example.com
+
+ # Other directives here
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost *:80&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example2"
+ ServerName www.example.org
+
+ # Other directives here
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ <p>The asterisks match all addresses, so the main server serves no
+ requests. Due to the fact that the virtual host with
+ <code>ServerName www.example.com</code> is first
+ in the configuration file, it has the highest priority and can be seen
+ as the <cite>default</cite> or <cite>primary</cite> server. That means
+ that if a request is received that does not match one of the specified
+ <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> directives, it will be served by this first
+ <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code>.</p>
+
+ <p>The above configuration is what you will want to use in almost
+ all name-based virtual hosting situations. The only thing that this
+ configuration will not work for, in fact, is when you are serving
+ different content based on differing IP addresses or ports.</p>
+
+ <div class="note">
+ <h3>Note</h3>
+
+ <p>You may replace <code>*</code> with a specific IP address
+ on the system. Such virtual hosts will only be used for
+ HTTP requests received on connection to the specified IP
+ address.</p>
+
+ <p>However, it is additionally useful to use <code>*</code>
+ on systems where the IP address is not predictable - for
+ example if you have a dynamic IP address with your ISP, and
+ you are using some variety of dynamic DNS solution. Since
+ <code>*</code> matches any IP address, this configuration
+ would work without changes whenever your IP address
+ changes.</p>
+ </div>
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="twoips" id="twoips">Name-based hosts on more than one
+ IP address.</a></h2>
+
+ <div class="note">
+ <h3>Note</h3>
+ <p>Any of the techniques discussed here can be extended to any
+ number of IP addresses.</p>
+ </div>
+
+ <p>The server has two IP addresses. On one (<code>172.20.30.40</code>), we
+ will serve the "main" server, <code>server.example.com</code> and on the
+ other (<code>172.20.30.50</code>), we will serve two or more virtual hosts.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 80
+
+# This is the "main" server running on 172.20.30.40
+ServerName server.example.com
+DocumentRoot "/www/mainserver"
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.50&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example1"
+ ServerName www.example.com
+
+ # Other directives here ...
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.50&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example2"
+ ServerName www.example.org
+
+ # Other directives here ...
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ <p>Any request to an address other than <code>172.20.30.50</code> will be
+ served from the main server. A request to <code>172.20.30.50</code> with an
+ unknown hostname, or no <code>Host:</code> header, will be served from
+ <code>www.example.com</code>.</p>
+
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="intraextra" id="intraextra">Serving the same content on
+ different IP addresses (such as an internal and external
+ address).</a></h2>
+
+ <p>The server machine has two IP addresses (<code>192.168.1.1</code>
+ and <code>172.20.30.40</code>). The machine is sitting between an
+ internal (intranet) network and an external (internet) network. Outside
+ of the network, the name <code>server.example.com</code> resolves to
+ the external address (<code>172.20.30.40</code>), but inside the
+ network, that same name resolves to the internal address
+ (<code>192.168.1.1</code>).</p>
+
+ <p>The server can be made to respond to internal and external requests
+ with the same content, with just one <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code> section.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">&lt;VirtualHost 192.168.1.1 172.20.30.40&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/server1"
+ ServerName server.example.com
+ ServerAlias server
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ <p>Now requests from both networks will be served from the same
+ <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code>.</p>
+
+ <div class="note">
+ <h3>Note:</h3><p>On the internal
+ network, one can just use the name <code>server</code> rather
+ than the fully qualified host name
+ <code>server.example.com</code>.</p>
+
+ <p>Note also that, in the above example, you can replace the list
+ of IP addresses with <code>*</code>, which will cause the server to
+ respond the same on all addresses.</p>
+ </div>
+
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="port" id="port">Running different sites on different
+ ports.</a></h2>
+
+ <p>You have multiple domains going to the same IP and also want to
+ serve multiple ports. The example below illustrates that the name-matching
+ takes place after the best matching IP address and port combination
+ is determined.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 80
+Listen 8080
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40:80&gt;
+ ServerName www.example.com
+ DocumentRoot "/www/domain-80"
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40:8080&gt;
+ ServerName www.example.com
+ DocumentRoot "/www/domain-8080"
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40:80&gt;
+ ServerName www.example.org
+ DocumentRoot "/www/otherdomain-80"
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40:8080&gt;
+ ServerName www.example.org
+ DocumentRoot "/www/otherdomain-8080"
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="ip" id="ip">IP-based virtual hosting</a></h2>
+
+ <p>The server has two IP addresses (<code>172.20.30.40</code> and
+ <code>172.20.30.50</code>) which resolve to the names
+ <code>www.example.com</code> and <code>www.example.org</code>
+ respectively.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 80
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example1"
+ ServerName www.example.com
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.50&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example2"
+ ServerName www.example.org
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ <p>Requests for any address not specified in one of the
+ <code>&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</code> directives (such as
+ <code>localhost</code>, for example) will go to the main server, if
+ there is one.</p>
+
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="ipport" id="ipport">Mixed port-based and ip-based virtual
+ hosts</a></h2>
+
+ <p>The server machine has two IP addresses (<code>172.20.30.40</code> and
+ <code>172.20.30.50</code>) which resolve to the names
+ <code>www.example.com</code> and <code>www.example.org</code>
+ respectively. In each case, we want to run hosts on ports 80 and
+ 8080.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 172.20.30.40:80
+Listen 172.20.30.40:8080
+Listen 172.20.30.50:80
+Listen 172.20.30.50:8080
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40:80&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example1-80"
+ ServerName www.example.com
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40:8080&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example1-8080"
+ ServerName www.example.com
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.50:80&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example2-80"
+ ServerName www.example.org
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.50:8080&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example2-8080"
+ ServerName www.example.org
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="mixed" id="mixed">Mixed name-based and IP-based
+ vhosts</a></h2>
+
+ <p>Any address mentioned in the argument to a virtualhost that never
+ appears in another virtual host is a strictly IP-based virtual host.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 80
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example1"
+ ServerName www.example.com
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example2"
+ ServerName www.example.org
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example3"
+ ServerName www.example.net
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+# IP-based
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.50&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example4"
+ ServerName www.example.edu
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.60&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example5"
+ ServerName www.example.gov
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="proxy" id="proxy">Using <code>Virtual_host</code> and
+ mod_proxy together</a></h2>
+
+ <p>The following example allows a front-end machine to proxy a
+ virtual host through to a server running on another machine. In the
+ example, a virtual host of the same name is configured on a machine
+ at <code>192.168.111.2</code>. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_proxy.html#proxypreservehost">ProxyPreserveHost
+ On</a></code> directive is used so that the desired hostname is
+ passed through, in case we are proxying multiple hostnames to a
+ single machine.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">&lt;VirtualHost *:*&gt;
+ ProxyPreserveHost On
+ ProxyPass "/" "http://192.168.111.2/"
+ ProxyPassReverse "/" "http://192.168.111.2/"
+ ServerName hostname.example.com
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="default" id="default">Using <code>_default_</code>
+ vhosts</a></h2>
+
+ <h3><a name="defaultallports" id="defaultallports"><code>_default_</code> vhosts
+ for all ports</a></h3>
+
+ <p>Catching <em>every</em> request to any unspecified IP address and
+ port, <em>i.e.</em>, an address/port combination that is not used for
+ any other virtual host.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">&lt;VirtualHost _default_:*&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/default"
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ <p>Using such a default vhost with a wildcard port effectively prevents
+ any request going to the main server.</p>
+
+ <p>A default vhost never serves a request that was sent to an
+ address/port that is used for name-based vhosts. If the request
+ contained an unknown or no <code>Host:</code> header it is always
+ served from the primary name-based vhost (the vhost for that
+ address/port appearing first in the configuration file).</p>
+
+ <p>You can use <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#aliasmatch">AliasMatch</a></code> or
+ <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code> to rewrite any
+ request to a single information page (or script).</p>
+
+
+ <h3><a name="defaultdifferentports" id="defaultdifferentports"><code>_default_</code> vhosts
+ for different ports</a></h3>
+
+ <p>Same as setup 1, but the server listens on several ports and we want
+ to use a second <code>_default_</code> vhost for port 80.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">&lt;VirtualHost _default_:80&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/default80"
+ # ...
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost _default_:*&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/default"
+ # ...
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ <p>The default vhost for port 80 (which <em>must</em> appear before any
+ default vhost with a wildcard port) catches all requests that were sent
+ to an unspecified IP address. The main server is never used to serve a
+ request.</p>
+
+
+ <h3><a name="defaultoneport" id="defaultoneport"><code>_default_</code> vhosts
+ for one port</a></h3>
+
+ <p>We want to have a default vhost for port 80, but no other default
+ vhosts.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">&lt;VirtualHost _default_:80&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/default"
+...
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ <p>A request to an unspecified address on port 80 is served from the
+ default vhost. Any other request to an unspecified address and port is
+ served from the main server.</p>
+
+ <p>Any use of <code>*</code> in a virtual host declaration will have
+ higher precedence than <code>_default_</code>.</p>
+
+
+
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="migrate" id="migrate">Migrating a name-based vhost to an
+ IP-based vhost</a></h2>
+
+ <p>The name-based vhost with the hostname
+ <code>www.example.org</code> (from our <a href="#name">name-based</a> example, setup 2) should get its own IP
+ address. To avoid problems with name servers or proxies who cached the
+ old IP address for the name-based vhost we want to provide both
+ variants during a migration phase.</p>
+
+ <p>
+ The solution is easy, because we can simply add the new IP address
+ (<code>172.20.30.50</code>) to the <code>VirtualHost</code>
+ directive.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">Listen 80
+ServerName www.example.com
+DocumentRoot "/www/example1"
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40 172.20.30.50&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example2"
+ ServerName www.example.org
+ # ...
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/example3"
+ ServerName www.example.net
+ ServerAlias *.example.net
+ # ...
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ <p>The vhost can now be accessed through the new address (as an
+ IP-based vhost) and through the old address (as a name-based
+ vhost).</p>
+
+ </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="serverpath" id="serverpath">Using the <code>ServerPath</code>
+ directive</a></h2>
+
+ <p>We have a server with two name-based vhosts. In order to match the
+ correct virtual host a client must send the correct <code>Host:</code>
+ header. Old HTTP/1.0 clients do not send such a header and Apache has
+ no clue what vhost the client tried to reach (and serves the request
+ from the primary vhost). To provide as much backward compatibility as
+ possible we create a primary vhost which returns a single page
+ containing links with an URL prefix to the name-based virtual
+ hosts.</p>
+
+ <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40&gt;
+ # primary vhost
+ DocumentRoot "/www/subdomain"
+ RewriteEngine On
+ RewriteRule "." "/www/subdomain/index.html"
+ # ...
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/subdomain/sub1"
+ ServerName www.sub1.domain.tld
+ ServerPath "/sub1/"
+ RewriteEngine On
+ RewriteRule "^(/sub1/.*)" "/www/subdomain$1"
+ # ...
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
+
+&lt;VirtualHost 172.20.30.40&gt;
+ DocumentRoot "/www/subdomain/sub2"
+ ServerName www.sub2.domain.tld
+ ServerPath "/sub2/"
+ RewriteEngine On
+ RewriteRule "^(/sub2/.*)" "/www/subdomain$1"
+ # ...
+&lt;/VirtualHost&gt;</pre>
+
+
+ <p>Due to the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverpath">ServerPath</a></code>
+ directive a request to the URL
+ <code>http://www.sub1.domain.tld/sub1/</code> is <em>always</em> served
+ from the sub1-vhost.<br /> A request to the URL
+ <code>http://www.sub1.domain.tld/</code> is only
+ served from the sub1-vhost if the client sent a correct
+ <code>Host:</code> header. If no <code>Host:</code> header is sent the
+ client gets the information page from the primary host.</p>
+
+ <p>Please note that there is one oddity: A request to
+ <code>http://www.sub2.domain.tld/sub1/</code> is also served from the
+ sub1-vhost if the client sent no <code>Host:</code> header.</p>
+
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule">RewriteRule</a></code> directives
+ are used to make sure that a client which sent a correct
+ <code>Host:</code> header can use both URL variants, <em>i.e.</em>,
+ with or without URL prefix.</p>
+
+ </div></div>
+<div class="bottomlang">
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/vhosts/examples.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
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